scholarly journals Assessment and Development of Public Servants Using the Design Thinking Methodology for the Reforms and Innovations Introduction

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (15) ◽  
pp. 34-46
Author(s):  
Mariana Orliv ◽  
Brigita Janiūnaitė ◽  
Valentyna Goshovska ◽  
Rasa Daugėlienė

The purpose of the study is to investigate the features of assessment of public servants’ characteristics and their ability development to introduce reforms and innovations in public authorities using the design thinking methodology. The following tasks were set: 1) to investigate the problems of assessing the personal qualities and behavioral characteristics before and after training activities; 2) to find out what peculiarities of the introduction of reforms and innovations in public authorities should be taken into account in the assessment of public servants and their practice-oriented training; 3) based on the results of the research, to determine the features of the use of design thinking methodology in the public servants development. To achieve the research objective, the dialectical research, content analysis, questionnaire survey, expert assessment, methods of statistical analysis, and modeling were used. The results of the study testified that in many cases the method of self-assessment of personal qualities does not ensure the indicators objectivity. Therefore, such indicators should be compared with expert estimates. Based on the analysis of the results of empirical research in the public sector, the peculiarities of the reforms and innovations introduction related to bureaucracy and political influence, drivers of reforms and their outcomes, strict control over the use of resources, evaluation of the performance of public servants have been identified. The research allowed substantiating the proposals for the use of the design thinking methodology in training of public servants and evaluation of its results.

Author(s):  
I.Yu. Chazova ◽  
M.V. Israilov

The problem of increasing the efficiency of public administration is a key point that refutes or supports the methods and forms of power that are used, but only within the framework of efficiency criteria. The determining factor on this issue should be, first of all, socio-economic efficiency, that is, the universal consideration of public interests of Russian citizens. Taking into account the analysis of thematic sources on assessing the effectiveness of the public administration system, we can conclude that this category contains a combination of various results of managerial activity, both in the state and in the public sphere. The effectiveness of public authorities should take into account quantitative statistical indicators, but special attention should be paid to qualitative indicators, which should be assessed by the population of the subject of the Russian Federation. The purpose of evaluating the performance of public civil servants, heads of executive authorities is the introduction of an optimal and fair wage system both at the regional and federal levels. The article discusses the foreign experience of the CAF self-assessment model of public authorities, which is based on the selection of 9 criteria that correspond to the main areas that are taken into account when analyzing public authorities. Examples of evaluating the effectiveness of executive bodies in the Irkutsk and Kurgan regions are shown. The current and developed measure for assessing the effectiveness of the activities of executive bodies of state power and officials on the example of the Udmurt Republic is reviewed and analyzed.


2019 ◽  
pp. 114-122
Author(s):  
Nataliіa Sorokina

The article is devoted to the study of organizational culture in public service. The essence of the concept of organizational culture is considered. It has been determined that organizational culture is an interdisciplinary phenomenon which concern several fields. Therefore, there is no single approach to understanding of this concept. It is indicated that organizational culture is a distinguishing feature of every organization and is a decisive factor in the success / the failure of the whole group. In the article, the author conducted a sociological survey among public servants. The purpose of the survey was to find out what major changes have occurred in the organizational culture of public service in recent years. Based on empirical data, it has been found that changes in organizational culture are very slow. Respondents noted that the majority of elements of organizational culture remained constant, such as: the culture of appearance; the individual independence and the responsibility; the interaction of members of the organization with each other; the physical and psychological comfort; the motivation to work. It is proved that a favorable socio-psychological climate in public authorities is very important. So, the high performance indicators of the authorities, the low staff turnover, the high level of labor discipline, and the absence of tension and conflicts in the group depend on it. The important elements of organizational culture, such as the motivation to work, the culture of appearance, the communication links both within the organization (between public servants) and outside (public relations) are analyzed. It is indicated that the leader plays a key role in communication. He must directly participate in the formation of a favorable moral and psychological climate in the group. It has been established that the process of changing organizational culture is quite complicated, requires time and effort, and high level of professionalism of leader. Changes very often cause discontent of the group, they are often perceived painfully. A strong organizational culture generates a positive image of the public service, which in is turn an important factor in raising confidence in public authorities. Therefore, it is necessary to continue to studied organizational culture, to monitor its formation, to improve and to regulate its changes.  


2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 71-80
Author(s):  
Dmytro Osypov

In the article, the author proposes the structure of the reflexive-acmeological approach to the development of professional interests from the position of acmeology in the practical activities of the heads of public authorities and heads of the public service, which includes several aspects: educational and educational, professional and creative.The importance of professional education and assessment in the context of the topic of the article has been clarified and expanded, a two-factor model (cycle) of the formation of the professional interests of public servants (acmeological approach) has been proposed, and the tasks of personnel management in the field of public administration have been clarified as a cyclic use of stimulating and activating reserves of professional interests in the form of directions of activity.It is recommended to use specific acmeological approaches in the diagnosis (assessment) of the professional interests of public servants for heads of public authorities and public service leaders: problem; situational and systemic genetic.Professional education as a practical activity of leaders provides for the development of such qualities as: proper subjectivity – the formation of the life position of a «doer», «leader»; professional learning ability, education, and therefore – professional competence; tolerance as an understanding of the values of another person, as an acknowledgment of dissent; functional literacy. The components of the professional activity of the head of a public authority or the head of the public service are: mobility of professional skills; social determination of activity; integrity and completeness of work; subjective autonomy; feedback.Specific components of the professional activity of the head of a public authority or the head of a public service, which have a competence-based nature, as well as appropriate techniques are proposed.


2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 106-112
Author(s):  
Tatiana Kolomoiets ◽  
Oleksii Makarenkov ◽  
Georgiy Samoylenko

Relevance. In terms of revising the provisions of legal regulation of relations in the field of transport with the borrowing of competitive principles of the European institutes to ensure the integration of transport into European and world transport area, with revision of models of relations between relevant public administration entities and private entities, ensuring balance of their interests , including in the context of national and supranational threats and focus on expanding the implementation of rights, freedoms and legitimate interests of the latter in the field of transport, strengthening of the principles of decentralization of power in the system of public authorities occurs, resulting in a significant increase in the number and diversity of regulatory and legal acts aimed at settling the above relations. Unfortunately, at the same time the processes of "growth" and a variety of forms of corruption in the activities of public servants, whose professional sphere is directly related to transport relations with the involvement of municipal transport, are also active. Analysis of law enforcement activities of anti-corruption entities in all its manifestations shows a fairly steady trend towards an increase in the number of detected acts of corruption committed by public servants directly related to the exercise of their authority over the procedure for admission to municipal passenger transportation. The specifics of the legislative regulation of the latter presupposes the presence of many "defects", which create the basis for variable manifestations, including illegal, of the activities of public servants with a subjective arbitrary interpretation of the latest provisions of the law. "Low-quality" regulation of the provisions of the activity of public servants to exercise power over the admission to municipal passenger transportation has a negative impact not only on the implementation of passenger rights (of various categories), but also provision of the public interest, and contributes to the formation of a national threat with a "corrosive" sign of power within administrative and territorial units, especially the country in general. An integrated approach to clarifying the problems of "municipal passenger transportation" with an emphasis on eliminating corruption risks in the activities of public servants at the stage of exercising their power to admit to transportation, which will contribute to the "quality" of such entities and will form an effective regulatory framework for the relevant component of transport in general, its effective existence, the realization of the public interest and its correlation with the interests of individuals. The purpose of the paper is the justification of the relationship of the "quality" of standardization of the procedure for admission of entities to municipal passenger transportation and corruption risks in the professional activities of public servants, which is related to this area, formulating proposals for their multi-balance ratio to minimize these risks and "qualitative" standardization of the relevant component of passenger transportation and transport relations in general based on the analysis of various sources. The objects of the article are public relations directly related to municipal passenger transportation. The subject of the article is the "quality" of standardization of relations in admission to municipal passenger transportation and its connection with corruption risks in activity of public servants connected with the specified sphere of relations. Methods of research. Both general legal and special methods of scientific cognition were used in research. As the basis, the dialectic method was used, which allowed to reveal problematic issues in dynamics; juridical and logical method allowed to form options for borrowing positive and avoiding negative experience of relevant rulemaking and law enforcement in foreign countries; forecasting and modeling were used for making proposals to strengthen "quality" of standardization of the procedure of admission to municipal passenger transportation in order to eliminate corruption risks in the activities of public servants. Results. Admission to municipal passenger transportation should be considered as a form of public procedure, the subjects of which are servants of local public authorities. Given the specifics of municipal transport in general, any activity associated with its use, objectively anticipates the risks of possible, including illegal, priority satisfaction of private interests of public servants and the interests of relatives during the exercise of the public authority, which causes "corrosion" of public authority. The procedure of admission to the relevant transportation, the "corruption freedom" of which depends on the "quality" of normalization of its provisions, is not an exception. The relationship between the "quality" of legislation and the "corruption risk" of professional activity of public servants, which is associated with the procedure of admission to the services mentioned, is interdependent (the lower the quality of legislation, the higher the risks of "corrosion" of professional activity of public servants and vice versa). In order to improve the "quality" of standardization of the procedure for admission to the transportation and minimize corruption risks in the professional activities of public servants associated with the above procedure, it is appropriate to strengthen the provisions of certainty of the content of relevant legislation, their systematization (including in the form of codification), streamlining the thematic definition series, meaningful consolidation of the principles of transparency, publicity, participation, public-private partnership, guarantee of all elements and admission procedures in general.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kannan Perumal

Abstract This study challenges the argument that making it mandatory for the anti-corruption agencies to obtain prior administrative approvals from public authorities before detecting and prosecuting the corrupt can bring-in efficiency in corruption control. Applying the political economy concepts rents and rent seeking, this study explores the intricate relationships that exist between discretions available with the public authorities and their decisions to allow the anti-corruption enforcement to detect and prosecute public servants in corruption cases. Issue of similar facts getting differently appreciated by different public authorities has also been brought out by this study. This study argues that prior approvals by public authorities in high discretionary and low risk environments can promote rent seeking behaviour in public organizations. Findings of this study shows that limiting the discretions of authorities that decide administrative approvals and holding them accountable for their decisions can be the conditions critical for efficient anti-corruption enforcement in India.


Author(s):  
Miguel Ángel Sánchez Huete

ResumenLa figura del tributo aparece habitualmente asociada a la idea de gravamen y carga ya que supone la entrega de parte del patrimonio, además de onerosas obligaciones de colaboración. Pero la contribución, además de obligación, representa un valor esencial en nuestra conveniencia ciudadana: la solidaridad. Solidaridad que constituye valor imprescindible en los Estados considerados de Derecho, por aparecer vinculado a la idea de autoimposición y dignidad, además de ser medio para la realización de los derechos prestacionales consustanciales al denominado Estado social. Si necesario resulta poner de relieve el carácter fundamental de tal deber no lo es menos efectuar un tratamiento acorde a la hora de su exigencia por los poderes públicos. En las sociedades actuales, de gran movilidad e intercambio económico, el Derecho Tributario ha de prever con antelación las conductas que le son lesivas. En tales contextos, la admisibilidad ética de algunas medidas preventivas utilizadas resulta cuestionable. Pues si las normas tributarias evidencian un compromiso ético de la sociedad, los instrumentos y formas de exigencias han de ser coherentes y, en todo caso, respetar los principios que las justifican. En el presente artículo, se pretende mostrar el carácter, además de jurídico, intrínsecamente valorativo y ético del deber de contribuir y de su exigencia. Ambos aspectos –deber y exigencia- son parte de una misma dimensión, pero de diversa perspectiva. Con el deber se afirma su vinculación y con la exigencia se estudia el papel del legislador y de la Administración, pero también sus límites. AbstractThe notion of tax is generally associated with the ideas of levy and charge, as it implies the delivery of a part of one’s property, along with costly obligations to collaborate. However, fiscal contribution, apart from being a duty, expresses an essential value for our citizen coexistence: solidarity. It is an indispensable value for the Rule of Law as it reckons on the ideas of self-assessment and dignity, and being also a mean for the achievement of provision rights, inherent to the so-called welfare State. It is necessary to underline the fundamental aspect of this duty along with its processing when it is required by the public authorities. In our current societies, of great mobility and economic exchange, tax law must anticipate the conducts that are harmful to it. In such contexts, the ethical eligibility of some preventive measures might be questionable. Thus, if tax rules reveal an ethical commitment of society, the instruments and forms of exigencies must be coherent, and, in any cases, respectful of the principles that justify them. This article intends to show not only the legal feature, but also the intrinsically ethical and axiological aspects of the duty to pay one’s taxes and its exigency. These two features -obligation and exigency – are part of the same dimension, but from a different perspective. With the obligation, a commitment is established, and through the exigency, the role of the legislator and the administration is studied as long as its limits. ResumoA figura tributo normalmente aparece associada à ideia de carga tributária, uma vez que significa tanto a entrega de parte do patrimônio de um indivíduo quanto o surgimento de obrigações de colaboração custosas. Mas a contribuição, além de ser uma obrigação, representa um valor essencial à nossa convivência cidadã: a solidariedade. A solidariedade é um valor essencial ao Estado de Direito, por ser ligada às ideias de autoimposição e de dignidade, bem como por ser um meio de alcançar os direitos prestacionais, intrinsecamente ligados ao chamado Estado de bem-estar. É necessário destacar o aspecto fundamental deste dever em conjunto com o seu processamento ao ser requerido pelas autoridades públicas. Nas sociedades modernas, de alta mobilidade e intercâmbio econômico, o direito tributário deve antecipar os comportamentos que lhe podem ser prejudiciais. Em tais contextos, a admissibilidade ética de algumas medidas preventivas pode ser questionável. Assim, se as regras fiscais demonstram o compromisso ético de uma sociedade, os instrumentos e as formas de exigências devem ser coerentes e, em qualquer caso, respeitar os princípios que os justificam. No presente artigo, pretende-se demonstrar o aspecto não somente jurídico, mas também inerentemente axiológico e ético do dever de contribuir e de sua exigência. Ambos aspectos – exigência e dever – são parte da mesma dimensão, mas seguindo uma perspectiva diferente. Com o dever se afirma um compromisso, e, a partir da exigência, estuda-se o papel do legislador e da administração, com seus limites.


2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 43-48
Author(s):  
Marina B. Dobrobaba ◽  

This article is devoted to the problem of deformation of the personality of a public servant, as a reason condition for the commission of disciplinary offenses in the public service. Based on the analysis of the personal qualities of the civil servant, as well as the genesis of his illegal behavior, it is concluded that scientific research is necessary to study the personality of the civil servant as the subject of disciplinary legal relations, the mechanism of formation of his illegal behavior. The research data should be carried out as part of service-tort studies, as a direction of administrative tortology. It is concluded that in order to prevent deformation of the personality of a public servant, the following are necessary: detailed administrative and legal regulation of the mechanism of psychological selection using the methodology for identifying professional and personal qualities in relation to applicants, including using a polygraph; strengthening the importance and filling the gaps in the legal regulation of such personnel technologies as: mentoring, testing upon admission to the service and certification of public servants; development and implementation of a model of basic personal competencies; conducting a set of measures aimed at preventing and eliminating the problem of professional deformation of the personality of public servants.


2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darrall G Thompson

This paper attempts to address the possibility of real change after a hundred years of exam-based assessments that produce a single mark or grade as feedback on students’ progress and abilities. It uses design thinking and a reframing of the assessment space to foreground an attribute-based approach that retains the diversity of aspects of a student’s performance across subject boundaries. There are a number of rationales and concepts built into this approach that aim to divert staff and student focus from marks, content delivery, and retention, towards the development of knowledge literacies, conceptual frameworks, and a broad range of personal qualities and skills. Web-based software (REVIEW) developed and refined for more than a decade to facilitate this approach retains categorised student progress data through the day-to-day criterion-referenced marking of assignments and exams. Education research cited proposes that institutions should engage students as a partner in their personal and professional development rather than as a customer buying a degree. It is suggested and illustrated in this paper that the use of self-assessment and visual feedback on different categories of progress is part of the key to forming such a partnership.


2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-218
Author(s):  
OKSANA KOCHKINA ◽  
◽  
OLGA MARCHUK ◽  

The article examines the legal and moral and ethical aspects of a misdemeanor that discredits the honor of an employee of the criminal Executive system. The considered reason for dismissal has the main feature associated with the integration of legal and moral norms, which often raises a lot of questions about the attribution of a particular offense to this basis. Using the analysis of normative legal acts, the authors attempt to identify the signs that contribute to the separation of the studied grounds for dismissal from all their diversity. The classification of offenses that discredit the honor of an employee of the criminal Executive system is presented, which allows to systematize and organize the knowledge obtained about the considered grounds for dismissal. The analysis of a misdemeanor that defames the honor of an employee of the penal system from a moral and ethical position gives an understanding, first of all, that it does not have a clear regulation from the point of view of the law, but the consequences of committing such a misdemeanor are clearly legal. The concepts of “honor” and “dignity” are considered as ethical categories and are analyzed as personal qualities that are manifested in an employee of the penal correction system during the period of service. These categories in the behavior of a person or employee are manifested both externally (assessment from the outside) and internally (self-assessment). The article describes the value orientation of an employee of the criminal Executive system to ethical standards in professional activity, which is an integral part of the moral and ethical side of a misdemeanor that discredits the honor of an employee.


2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Benatov

Our conference is the first project of Student Science Association, which was restored in our University in 1998. The main peculiarity of the conference is the student organizing committee. The conference was attended by representatives of Russia, Belarus, Sweden, Poland, Bulgaria, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Czech Republic, Lithuania, Latvia, Georgia, Iran, not mentioning hundreds of Ukrainian participants. We’re happy with the fact that our conference allows students to discover new information, which they wouldn’t find in training courses manuals; contrariwise businesses and organizations can get direct access to young and qualified staff. We believe that events like our conference are useful for the young scientists and also for the public authorities and businesses. Conference "Ecology. Human. Society "is a part of feedback between universities and market participants. The conference has overgrown limits of being simple educational process element. Today, it is a serious recruiting resource for state institutions and businesses - an important part of a mutually beneficial dialogue.


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