scholarly journals Cytotoxic and Antimicrobial Activities of Quinones Isolated from Different Organism

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nimsi Campos-Xolalpa ◽  
Julia Pérez-Ramos ◽  
Ana Esquivel-Campos ◽  
Cuauhtemoc Pérez-González ◽  
Leonor Sánchez-Pérez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Natural Products ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Cell Growth ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
New Compounds

Cancer is a group of related diseases in which there is uncontrolled cell growth that spreads to the surrounding tissues and damages them. Cancer remains the disease with the leading cause of death worldwide, and incidence and mortality are increasing rapidly. The main cancer treatment is chemotherapy; however, the compounds used in this treatment have serious side effects for this reason, is necessary to develop new therapeutic strategies. Natural products are an excellent pharmacological alternative for the treatment of cancer and infections. In search of new compounds with cytotoxic and antimicrobial activity, we have found quinones that have a high pharmacological potency in the treatment of these health problems. Quinones are an aromatic system of one or diketone and are mainly isolated from plants, fungi, bacteria, and other organisms. These compounds are secondary metabolites derived from the oxidation of hydroquinones; they include benzoquinones, naphthoquinones, anthraquinones, and polyquinones. This review summarizes the activity of 152 anticancer and 30 antimicrobial quinones.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Activity of Securamines From the Bryozoan Securiflustra securifrons

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 1934578X2199618
Author(s):  
Kine Ø. Hansen ◽  
Ida K. Ø. Hansen ◽  
Céline S. Richard ◽  
Marte Jenssen ◽  
Jeanette H. Andersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Natural Products ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽  
Mode Of Action ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Pathogenic Microorganisms ◽  
Human Pathogenic Bacterium

Natural products and their derivatives have served as powerful therapeutics against pathogenic microorganisms and are the mainstay of our currently available treatment options to combat infections. As part of our ongoing search for antimicrobial natural products from marine organisms, one fraction prepared from the Arctic marine bryozoan Securiflustra securifrons was found to be active against the human pathogenic bacterium Streptococcus agalactiae (gr. B). Chemical investigation of the fraction revealed that it contained several variants of the highly modified secondary metabolites known as securamines. The securamines are alkaloids sharing a common isoprene-histamine-tryptamine backbone. In this study, we describe the antimicrobial activities of securamine C, E, and H – J (4, 5, and 1-3) and the attempt to deconvolute the mode of action of 1.

Medicinal Plants and Natural Products, More Effective and Safer Pharmacological Treatment for the Management of Obesity

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harsha Negi ◽  
Meenakshi Gupta ◽  
Ramanpreet Walia ◽  
Moayad Khataibeh ◽  
Maryam Sarwat
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Pancreatic Lipase ◽  
Herbal Products ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
Herbal Plants ◽  
New Compounds

: Obesity is a major lifestyle disorder and it is correlated with several ailments. The prevalence of obesity has elevated over the years and it has become a global health problem. The drugs presently used for managing obesity have several side-effects associated with them such as diarrhoea, leakage of oily stools, etc. On the contrary, herbal plants and natural products are considered safe for use because they have lesser side effects. New compounds isolated from medicinal plants are screened and identified to determine their effectiveness and potential in preventing abnormal weight gain. In this review, the medicinal plants and natural materials were surveyed across the literature to cover those that have potential for managing and controlling weight gain, and their mechanism of action, active component, and experimental methodologies are also included. These herbal products can be developed as formulations for therapeutic use in obesity. The herbal plants mentioned in the review are classified based on their mechanism of action: inhibition of pancreatic lipase and appetite suppression activities. The ability to inhibit pancreatic lipase enzyme has been used to determine the effectiveness of herbal products for the prevention of abnormal weight gain because of its action on dietary fat and suppression of appetite. This review is an attempt to summarize the herbal plants and natural products that can be used to develop formulations effective in controlling weight gain and obesity.

scholarly journals Dissociating antibacterial from ototoxic effects of gentamicin C-subtypes

2020 ◽  
Vol 117 (51) ◽  
pp. 32423-32432
Author(s):  
Mary E. O’Sullivan ◽  
Yohan Song ◽  
Robert Greenhouse ◽  
Randy Lin ◽  
Adela Perez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Hair Cell ◽  
Aminoglycoside Antibiotic ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Cell Toxicity ◽  
Structure Activity ◽  
Future Drug

Gentamicin is a potent broad-spectrum aminoglycoside antibiotic whose use is hampered by ototoxic side-effects. Hospital gentamicin is a mixture of five gentamicin C-subtypes and several impurities of various ranges of nonexact concentrations. We developed a purification strategy enabling assaying of individual C-subtypes and impurities for ototoxicity and antimicrobial activity. We found that C-subtypes displayed broad and potent in vitro antimicrobial activities comparable to the hospital gentamicin mixture. In contrast, they showed different degrees of ototoxicity in cochlear explants, with gentamicin C2b being the least and gentamicin C2 the most ototoxic. Structure–activity relationships identified sites in the C4′-C6′ region on ring I that reduced ototoxicity while preserving antimicrobial activity, thus identifying targets for future drug design and mechanisms for hair cell toxicity. Structure–activity relationship data suggested and electrophysiological data showed that the C-subtypes both bind and permeate the hair cell mechanotransducer channel, with the stronger the binding the less ototoxic the compound. Finally, both individual and reformulated mixtures of C-subtypes demonstrated decreased ototoxicity while maintaining antimicrobial activity, thereby serving as a proof-of-concept of drug reformulation to minimizing ototoxicity of gentamicin in patients.

scholarly journals New and bioactive natural products from an endophyte of Panax notoginseng

RSC Advances ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (60) ◽  
pp. 38100-38109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Xie ◽  
Ying-Ying Wu ◽  
Tian-Yuan Zhang ◽  
Meng-Yue Zhang ◽  
Wei-Wei Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Natural Products ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Antiviral Activity ◽  
Cytotoxic Activity ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Panax Notoginseng ◽  
Bioactive Natural Products

Secondary metabolites with cytotoxic activity, antiviral activity and antimicrobial activity from the endophytic fungi of Panax notoginseng.

INVITRO EVALUATION OF ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF CLOVE BUDS( EUGINEA AROMATICA)

2020 ◽  
pp. 25-33
Author(s):  
A.Mounika A.Mounika ◽  
M.Sushma M.Sushma ◽  
Lahari Sidde Lahari Sidde ◽  
Sankara Malathi Sankara Malathi ◽  
Konapalli Rajani Konapalli Rajani
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Natural Products ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Clove Oil ◽  
Agar Diffusion ◽  
Variant Method ◽  
Varied Range

Bioactive compounds from Eugenia  aromaticum were extracted by Soxhlet using DCM ,DCM;WATER,WATER and extracts were examined for its phytocomponents along with Clove oil. These bioactive plant compounds were screened for possible antimicrobial activities against two strains of MDR S. aureus. Antimicrobial activity of extracts using agar diffusion disc variant  method. The objective of this study was to evaluate technical variants used in screening methods to determine antibacterial activity of natural products. Thus, a varied range of natural products of plant were tested against two bacterial species,m Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and klebesella pnemonia ATCC 25922, by two variants of the agar diffusion method (well and disc), two variants of the bio autographic method (direct and indirect) and by microdilution assay. We concluded that the well-variant of the diffusion method was more sensitive than the disc-variant,  it was found extract 1 ie,DCM  and extract 2 i.e DCM;WATER had shown best results on antimicrobial activity ,phytocvhemical screening test are done for three extractsn invitro evalvation of antimicrobial activity was performed.

Secondary metabolites of the aspen fungus Stachybotrys cylindrospora

1993 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 487-493 ◽  
Author(s):  
William A. Ayer ◽  
Shichang Miao
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
The Other ◽  
Spectroscopic Techniques ◽  
Blue Stain ◽  
New Compounds

The secondary metabolites produced by the fungus Stachybotrys cylindrospora, which is known to be strongly antagonistic to the blue-stain fungus Ceratocystiopsis crassivaginata, have been examined. The compounds responsible for the antifungal activity are trichodermin (5) and trichodermol (6), two previously known mycotoxins belonging to the trichothecene family. The other metabolites, stachybotrydial (1), stachybotramide (8), and 6,8-dihydroxy-3,5,7-trimethylisochroman (7), although not active against C. crassivaginata, are new natural products. The structures of the new compounds were established by spectroscopic techniques.

scholarly journals Microwave assisted synthesis and antimicrobial activity of some novel pyrimidine derivatives

2007 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.J. Vaghasia ◽  
V.H. Shah
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Microwave Assisted Synthesis ◽  
Mass Spectral Data ◽  
Pyrimidine Derivatives ◽  
Plate Method ◽  
Mass Spectral ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
New Compounds

The synthesis of thiazolo[5,4-d]pyrimidines can be achieved from different 5- thiazolidinones, 2-butyl-1H-imidazole-5-carbaldehyde and thiourea using microwave irradiation within 5 min. The structures of the products were supported by FTIR, PMR and mass spectral data. The in vitro antimicrobial activity of the synthesized thiazolo[5,4-d]pyrimidines 1a-j, having substituents at the 1- and 3-positions, were determined by the cup-plate method against several standard strains chosen to define the spectrum and potency of the new compounds. The antimicrobial activities of the thiazolo[5,4-d]pyrimidines 1a-j are compared with those of known chosen standard drugs, viz. ampicillin, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin and griseofulvin. .

scholarly journals Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity of Novel Benzoxazoles

2012 ◽  
Vol 67 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 466-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Arisoy ◽  
Ozlem Temiz-Arpaci ◽  
Fatma Kaynak-Onurdag ◽  
Selda Ozgen
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Microbial Pathogens ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Dilution Technique ◽  
Spectral Techniques ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal Activities ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal ◽  
New Compounds

A series of 2-(p-substituted-benzyl)-5-[[4-(p-chloro/fluoro-phenyl)piperazin-1-yl]ace tamido] -benzoxazoles were synthesized in need of new compounds for the fight against microbial pathogens. Their structures were elucidated by spectral techniques. These new derivatives, along with previously synthesized 2-(p-substituted-benzyl)-5-substituted-benzoxazoles, were evaluated for their antibacterial and antifungal activities against standard strains and drugresistant isolates in comparison with ampicillin, gentamicin sulfate, ofloxacin, vancomycin, fluconazole, and amphotericin B trihydrate. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of each compound was determined by a two-fold serial dilution technique. The compounds were found to possess a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activities with MIC values of 32 - 256 μg/ml. Although standard drugs were more active against the pathogenes employed in this study, the activities of the new benzoxazoles and reference drugs against drug-resistant isolates of the microorganisms were largely similar

Biochemical Estimation and Antimicrobial Activities of the Extracts of Caesalpinia Sappan Linn.

1970 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 429-436
Author(s):  
N Senthilkumar ◽  
S Murugesan ◽  
N Banu ◽  
S Supriya ◽  
C Rajeshkannan
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Oriental Medicine ◽  
Good Source ◽  
Caesalpinia Sappan ◽  
Indian Medicinal Plant ◽  
Biochemical Estimation ◽  
Pathogenic Microbes ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extracts

Caesalpinia sappan Linn., a traditional Indian medicinal plant used widely in oriental medicine. The plant extracts were found to be a good source of secondary metabolites, vitamins and metals. The extracts were further tested against certain human pathogenic microbes. The methanol and ethyl acetate extracts of the heartwood was found to be effective against certain pathogenic microbes. Key words: Caesalpinia sappan; Secondary metabolites; Vitamins; Antimicrobial activity DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjsir.v46i4.9586 BJSIR 2011; 46(4): 429-436

scholarly journals Isolation, diversity, and antimicrobial activity of fungal endophytes from Rohdea chinensis (Baker) N.Tanaka (synonym Tupistra chinensis Baker) of Qinling Mountains, China

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e9342
Author(s):  
Chao An ◽  
Saijian Ma ◽  
Xinwei Shi ◽  
Wenjiao Xue ◽  
Chen Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Fungal Endophytes ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Qinling Mountains

Endophytic fungi have been emerged as fruitful resources for producing structurally fascinating and biologically active secondary metabolites. However, endophytic fungi from medicinal plants of Qinling Mountains–the most important natural climatic boundary between the subtropical and warm temperate zones of China with an astonishingly high level of biodiversity–have rarely been explored as potential sources of novel fungal species and active secondary metabolites. In this study, a total of 371 fungal colonies were successfully isolated from 510 tissue segments of the medicinal Tupistra chinensis Baker collected from Qinling Mountains, China. Roots of T. chinensis Baker are used as a folk medicine to ameliorate pharyngitis and treat rheumatic diseases. A total of 100 representative morphotype strains were identified according to ITS rDNA sequence analyses and were grouped into three phyla (Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, Mucoromycota), seven classes (Dothideomycetes, Sordariomycetes, Eurotiomycetes, Microbotryomycetes, Agaricomycetes, Leotiomycetes, Mortierellomycetes), and at least 35 genera. The genera of Collectotrichum (IF, 29.92%), Fusarium (IF, 8.36%), Aspergillus (IF, 8.09%), and Dactylonectria (IF, 5.39%) were most frequently isolated from the tissues of T. chinensis Baker. The Species Richness Index (S, 65) and the Shannon-Wiener Index (H′, 3.7914) indicated that T. chinensis Baker harbored abundant fungal resources. Moreover, five isolates were potential new taxa because of low similarity of ITS sequences ranged from 95.09%∼96.61%. Fifteen out of 100 endophytic fungal ethyl acetate extracts exhibited inhibitory activities against at least one pathogenic bacterium or fungus. Two important lead compounds produced by two stains (F8047 and F8075) with high antimicrobial activities were identified using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time of flight mass spectrometry (UPLC–QTOF MS) analyses. In addition, it was noteworthy that the strain F8001, which may be a potential new species, showed antimicrobial activity and should be investigated further. Overall, these results indicated that the endophytic fungi from T. chinensis Baker could be exploited as a novel source of bioactive compounds.

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