scholarly journals Kritický realismus Revisited: Příspěvek k sociologické teorii subjektivity

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2020 SPEC) ◽  
pp. 69-88
Author(s):  
Dušan Janák
Keyword(s):  
Philosophy Of Language ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Critical Realism ◽  
Mental Representations ◽  
Social Events ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Classical Sociology

This paper develops the sociological conception of subjectivity, which recognizes the key role of cultural and linguistic meanings in social life. J. Šubrt’s concept of “duplex” could help to overcome the theoretical dilemma between individualism (subjectivism) and holism (objectivism) in sociology. This concept is inspired by the critical realism of I. A. Bláha and takes into account perspectives from the philosophy of language, phenomenology, the classical sociology of G. H. Mead, and the contemporary critical realism of M. Archer. The focus of the duplex concept is the interactive and procedural nature of meanings (mental representations). The argument in favour of the interactive and pluralistic conception of the subject of social events derives from this attribute of meaning.

PERAN BAHASA INDONESIA DALAM PEMBELAJARAN TEMATIK TERPADU MELALUI PENDEKATAN SAINTIFIK

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 171
Author(s):  
Yusnawarni Yusnawarni
Keyword(s):  
Social Studies ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Knowledge And Skills ◽  
New Learning ◽  
Scientific Approach ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Thematic Learning ◽  
Bahasa Indonesia

To commemorate the 21st century, a new learning model was designed in 2013 curriculum, in which there is a shift from teachers give knowledge to students become student must actively seek out knowledge from a variety of learning resources. In this case, the teacher acts as facilitators. Thus, language is a very central role, because the language should be in front of all other subjects. Curriculum 2013 imposed a thematic integrated learning which is no longer based subjects. Various subjects for primary schools (such as: Religion, Civics, Indonesian, Mathematics, Science, Social Studies, and so on) are integrated intoone book. The subject matter is not presented in textbook, but it presented in book thematics lesson, the themes are about nature, social life and culture. In this new curriculum, learning process is implemented by applying a scientific approach (observing, questioning, experimenting, associating, and networking) that includes three aspects such as attitudes, knowledge, and skills. So, how is the role of Indonesian in an integrated thematic learning by applying scientific approaches in primary schools in 2013 curriculum? By appying the method, the object of this paper is to gain preview about the role of Indonesian in 2013 curriculum that uses integrated thematic learning by scientific approach in primary schools.AbstrakUntuk menyongsong abad ke-21, model pembelajaran baru dirancang dalam Kurikulum 2013, yang di dalamnya terdapat pergeseran dari siswa diberi tahu menjadi siswa harus aktif mencari tahu ilmu pengetahuan dari berbagai sumber belajar. Dalam hal ini, guru berperan sebagai fasilitator. Dengan demikian, peran bahasa menjadi sangat sentral, karena bahasa harus berada di depan semua mata pelajaran lain. Kurikulum 2013 memberlakukan pembelajaran tematik terpadu yang tidak lagi berbasis mata pelajaran. Berbagai mata pelajaran untuk sekolah dasar (seperti: Agama, PPKN, Bahasa Indonesia, Matematika, IPA, IPS, dan sebagainya) diintegrasi menjadi satu buku. Materi pelajaran tidak disajikan dalam buku mata pelajaran, tetapi dalam buku tema pelajaran, baik tema alam, sosial, maupun budaya. Proses pembelajaran dalam kurikulum baru ini diimplementasikan melalui pendekatan saintifik (mengamati, menanya, menalar, mencoba, dan mengomunikasikan) yang mencakup tiga aspek, yaitu sikap, pengetahuan, dan keterampilan. Lalu, bagaimana peran bahasa Indonesia dalam pembelajaran tematik terpadu melalui pendekatan saintifik di sekolah dasar pada Kurikulum 2013 ini? Melaluimetode deskriptif, yang menjadi tujuan penulisan ini adalah mendapatkan gambaran mengenai peran bahasa Indonesia dalam Kurikulum 2013 yang menggunakan pembelajaran tematik terpadu melalui pendekatan saintifik di sekolah dasar.

Are Information Technologies So Dangerous for Written Culture?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asya Syrodeeva
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Writing Practices ◽  
Sociocultural Diversity ◽  
History Of ◽  
Personal Level ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Broad Interpretation

One of the factors that determines the current lifestyle is technology, which persistently draws the world into competition for new means and practices. As the subject of these processes, our contemporary not only takes an active part in them, but also reflexes a lot about his/her own impact. Although technology is ambivalent and multivector in its development, the humanitarian role of protecting the history of human experience, as well as creating the updated versions of cultural practices is not alien to it. Inspired by the broad interpretation of the writing practices proposed by J. Derrida, the author of the article shows how important it is for the understanding of technology not to be overloaded with alarmism. Information technologies have a democratizing effect on social life by offering new tools and formats for the writing. In particular, they support on a personal level the freedom of self-realization, while on a public scale — sociocultural diversity and interaction.

‘Strike a pose’: Fabricating posthumous presence in mannequin design

2020 ◽  
pp. 135918352090794
Author(s):  
Cath Davies
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Material Objects ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
Original Function ◽  
Bodily Integrity ◽  
Frida Kahlo ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Corporeal Substance

Interviewed in 2004, designer duo Viktor and Rolf outlined their ambivalence towards fashion exhibitions suggesting that ‘somehow life is taken out of the subject’ (2008, cited in Teunissen, ‘Understanding Fashion through the Museum in Melchior, MR, 2014). Garments seeking spectator attention within the museum space are often perceived as static entities devoid of their original function as embodied artefacts. There is no denying an inert aura pervades listless materials that have supposedly lost their agency, now confined to the vaults of the museum-as-mausoleum. In their re-purposed role of performing as reminders of a life now departed, this article considers curatorial strategies that seek to revive a living presence in garment display with specific reference to the remodelling of Frida Kahlo in the V&A exhibition ‘Frida Kahlo: Making Her Self Up (2018)’. Addressing Dudley’s suggestion in Museum Objects: Experiencing the Properties of Things (2012: 19) that an artefact’s ‘fundamental material characteristics’ should be at the heart of contextual interpretation, the role that an object’s material properties can play in the re-materializing of embodiment is evaluated. In the V&A exhibition, a narrative emerges on clothing as an agent that conceals vulnerable corporeality. Sartorial practices armoured Kahlo’s body and the role material entities can play in containing and preserving the illusion of corporeal substance will be investigated. Given this premise, it seems wholly appropriate to focus on the contribution that the mannequin can make to this conceptual framework. After all, it is an artefact with a central occupation of establishing bodily integrity in the display of clothing. Reiterating Clark’s suggestion in The Textile Reader (2012) that the mannequin contributes to the vocabulary of a curatorial brief, this article proposes that this artefact can interrogate the tensions that exist between Kahlo’s sartorial practices and her abject body. Substantiating Appadurai’s premise of material objects’ agency in The Social Life of Things (2001[1986]), the exhibition arguably employs the once humble tailor’s dummy in a significant role, thereby reconstructing its dominant function of embodying fabric in the museum.

scholarly journals Worrying about Trust

2007 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
PIOTR SZTOMPKA
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Central Research ◽  
Common People ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
The Social ◽  
New Type ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Late Modern

In the last few decades, the subject of trust has become one of the central research topics in sociology and political science. Various theoretical approaches have crystallized, and an immense amount of empirical data has been collected. The focus on trust is for two kinds of reasons. One has to do with immanent developments in the social sciences. We have witnessed a turn from almost exclusive preoccupation with the macro-social level, that is the organizational, systemic or structuralist images of society, toward the micro-foundations of social life; that is, everyday actions and interactions, including their ‘soft’ dimensions, mental and cultural intangibles and imponderables. Another set of reasons has to do with the changing quality of social structures and social processes in the late-modern period. The ascendance of democracy means that the role of human agency is growing, and more depends on what common people think and do, how they feel toward others and toward their rulers and how they choose to participate and cooperate. The process of globalization means that more and more of the factors impinging on everyday life of people are non-transparent, unfamiliar and distant, demanding new type of attitudes. The expansion of risk means that people have to act more often than before in conditions of uncertainty. The traumas of rapid, comprehensive and often unexpected social change produce disorientation and a loss of existential security. If the ambition of sociology to become the reflexive awareness of society is to be realized, then the current interest in trust seems to be wholly warranted.

scholarly journals Práticas docentes e a inclusão do aluno com paralisia cerebral no contexto escolar

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-30
Author(s):  
Adriane Aparecida de Souza Mahl Mangaroti ◽  
Lúcimar dos Santos Alves ◽  
Davino Aquila Florentino ◽  
Rosemeri Theresinha
Keyword(s):  
Learning Strategies ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Social Agents ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Right ◽  
Education Of Students ◽  
Maximum Development

A pesquisa teve como objetivo estudar algumas estratégias específicas de aprendizagem do aluno com paralisia cerebral, com destaque no papel da escola, professor e relação família escola. Foi desenvolvida através de pesquisa bibliográfica mediante leituras, análise e fichamento de livros, periódicos, banco de dados relacionados ao assunto em questão. Verificou-se que os agentes sociais são de suma importância na vida do educando tanto na formação intelectual quanto social. Ressalta-se que, na educação do aluno com PC, não se pode perder de vista a necessidade de garantir o desenvolvimento máximo de suas capacidades, para que ele possa alcançar boa relação com seus pares, bem como o máximo aproveitamento de seu tempo de lazer, de estudo, de forma adaptada e feliz. A criança com PC, como todas as crianças, tem o direito de ter independência, integração e vida social. Sabendo das dificuldades existentes em torno da aprendizagem da pessoa com PC, é importante que o professor esteja apto a buscar a ajuda adequada, zelando pelas particularidades de cada aluno.   This research aimed to study some specific learning strategies for students with cerebral palsy, with emphasis on the role of the school, the teacher, and the family-school relationship. It was developed through bibliographic research by reading, analyzing, and annotating books, periodicals, and databases related to the subject in question. It was verified that the social agents are of utmost importance in the life of the student both in the intellectual and social formation. It is noteworthy that, in the education of students with CP, one cannot lose sight of the need to ensure the maximum development of their capabilities, so that they can achieve a good relationship with their peers, as well as the maximum use of their leisure time and study time, in an adapted and happy way. The child with CP, like all children, has the right to independence, integration, and a social life. Knowing the difficulties surrounding the learning of a person with CP, it is important that the teacher be able to seek appropriate help, taking care of each student's particularities.

scholarly journals STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF THE INTERACTION BETWEEN GENDER ATTITUDE AND PERCEPTION OF HAPPINESS: AN APPLICATION ON UNIVERSITY STUDENTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 485-500
Author(s):  
Selay GİRAY YAKUT ◽  
Gülen ARIKAN KOKKAYA ◽  
Ceren CAMKIRAN ◽  
Bilge BAŞCI
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
University Students ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Attitude Scale ◽  
Equal Rights ◽  
Gender Attitude ◽  
Social Events ◽  
Multistage Sampling

Gender attitude is the concept defines the roles and behaviors that society and cultural structure expect from women and men throughout their lives. Gender equality emphasizes that women and men should have equal rights and opportunities and should not be gender-dependent. On the other hand, gender inequality can be defined as inequality in accessing resources and opportunities by sex. The effects of gender inequality can be observed in couples' relationships and social events in daily life. It is not possible to deny the role of gender inequality on people’s and society’s happiness level since it is one of the most important dynamics of social life. In this study, the relationship between gender attitudes and happiness perceptions of individuals were analyzed by using micro data. Within the scope of the study “Attitude Scale Regarding Gender Roles”, which is validated and reliable in the literature, was applied to a randomly selected sample. The sample was designed using both multistage sampling and stratified sampling techniques together. Stratification was planned on the basis of faculties. The prepared questionnaire was applied to a random sample of 3403 university students. The data collected were analyzed by homogeneity analysis and two-step cluster analysis, which are some of the Optimal Scaled Multivariate Analysis techniques. According to the results, it was observed that individuals whose gender attitude is relatively egalitarian are moderately happy and also, are the happiest with themselves. In addition, it is remarkable that the categories of success and love are closely located. Individuals with relatively more traditional attitude describe themselves as very happy. Additively it was determined that their source of happiness is their families, while the concept that makes them most happy is “health”. The findings are corroborated with the two-step cluster analysis results.

scholarly journals Differences in Subject-Specific Competences between Slovenian and Italian Physical Education Teachers

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-58
Author(s):  
Marjeta Kovac ◽  
◽  
Bojan Leskosek ◽  
Gregor Jurak ◽  
Miha Marinsek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Education ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Physical Education Teachers ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Social Events ◽  
Subject Specific ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

This cross-sectional study was designed to analyse the differences between the subject-specific competenc- es of Slovenian and Italian physical education (PE) teachers. The participants, 669 Slovenian and 484 Italian PE teachers, evaluated their professional competences with a self-administered questionnaire on a four-level Likert scale. A t-test for independent samples indicates differences in the self-evaluations of the majority of sub- ject-specific competences between both groups. However, in almost all items, Slovenian PE teachers evaluate their competences higher. A multivariate analysis of variance, used to identify the role of some socio-demo- graphic factors (state, gender, years of service), shows that the state has the highest impact on the differences between self-efficiency of both groups (p<0.001, Eta2=0.531). The greatest differences (Cohen's d > 0.8) are observed on those competences that relate to some of the narrower aspects of PE didactics. The reasons for the perceived differences can be found in some historical and social events, length of education, the different orientation of PE teacher education programmes, and the different responses of both countries to educational policies. The present study outcomes may aid in updating initial PE teacher training and designing a creative system of continuous professional development.

scholarly journals La polonité des Hauts-de-France telle qu’inscrite sur les étendards. Une étude d’objets jusque-là négligés alors que riches d’informations

2020 ◽  
pp. 273-285
Author(s):  
Maryla Laurent ◽  
Iwona H. Pugacewicz
Keyword(s):  
Subject Matter ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
The State ◽  
Northern France ◽  
Immigrant Identity ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
State Of Research

The authors have considered the topic, rarely mentioned in the scientific literature, which are the inscriptions and symbols placed on polonical banners. A three-volume dissertation by Monika Salmon-Siama, entitled Vexillological heritage of the Polish immigration in northern France (1919-2018), turned out to be a contributing factor to this kind of scientific digression. In the introduction, they analyzed the state of research on Polish emigration, settled in northern France, indicating the main reasons for their poor representativeness in comparison with the entire emigre history of the Polish diaspora. Referring to the proper vexological studies, they brought closer the richness of sources that we deal with in the discussed region, and then showed the complexity of this type of bibliological-semiotic research. Taking up the subject matter from the Westphalian-French borderline, inevitably, after M. Salmon Siama, they showed aesthetic and axiological values, including patriotic values, a group of symbols and inscriptions discussed, and in turn showed the durability of the Polish immigrant identity of subsequent generations living in northern France. The article is also an attempt to show the reader the diversity and richness of organizational and social life over almost a century, introduces the mentality and customs of the Polish Diaspora, and shows the underestimated role of the Polish banner.  

scholarly journals MENAKAR RASA KEADILAN PADA PUTUSAN HAKIM PERDATA TERHADAP PIHAK KETIGA YANG BUKAN PIHAK BERDASARKAN PERSPEKTIF NEGARA HUKUM PANCASILA

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 361
Author(s):  
Abdul Hakim
Keyword(s):  
Subject Matter ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Freedom Of Contract ◽  
Authoritative Text ◽  
Procedural Law ◽  
Procedure Code ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Law ◽  
Sense Of Justice

Law is a set of words that are systematically linking an authoritative text, according to Gustav Radbruch, it should contain three (3) elements, namely fairness, certainty and expediency. The application of the authoritative text in social life was an absolute authority of a judge in resolving a civil case. The judge, in the checking-hearing-deciding a case, not only expected to return the case to the original state (restitutio in integrum) before the advent of the dispute, but should attempt made every effort to not create new disputes or disputes derived from the subject matter examined. Therefore, it becomes very important role of the paradigm for a judge in deciding the case in order to fulfill a sense of justice. Therefore, deciding the case in a precise sense of justice will be a judge most important role. Nowadays, the meaning of "justice" in Civil Procedure Code only limited to the authority of the power of the parties bound by the principle of consensualism and the principle of freedom of contract. Therefore, based on the Law Paradigm (Philosophy) of Pancasila, Judge as an interpreter, in defining and applying the law, legal science must have the ability to deconstruct and reconstruct an authoritative text based paradigm embraced by a nation.Keywords: the principle of consensualism, justice, pancasila, paradigm, civil procedural law

scholarly journals The Psychosocial Aspects of Team Sports: The Individual Versus the Team

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (57) ◽  
Author(s):  
Halina Zdebska
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Team Building ◽  
Team Sports ◽  
Psychosocial Aspects ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Individual

This text is a part of a longer elaboration concerning the humanistic bases of the theories of team sports. The notion“sports games” refers to team sports, which are most popular in our culture (in Poland): volleyball, basketball,football and handball.Team sports are a very interesting matter for the observation, how the integrated human teams function. Sport, as aconstituent of social life, is liable to the principles and rules, which are similar to the ones we may observe in ambientreality. Willing to explain and describe those phenomena, we should reach for the knowledge from the subject fieldof social sciences; in this case — concerning the collective behaviours.In this analysis I took into consideration the opinions about the functioning of human communities — the opinionsformulated by G. Le Bon (1996), W. McDougall (1920), S. Freud (2000) and selected conceptions from contemporaryAmerican psychology concerning the relations between the individual and the group. In this context I emphasized areflection about the necessity of proper stimulation, when the development of an individual is concerned, which meansthe change towards the individualization of training in team sports. The character of this text is strictly theoreticalbut it is also an attempt to accentuate the importance of the knowledge of a team’s morphology and the relationsbetween an individual and other members of a team for sports practice. This knowledge is a substantial (but usuallyunderrated) element of the trainer’s work.Keywords: team sports, collective behaviours, philosophy, psychology of sport, role of trainer, team building.

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