scholarly journals Chemical Composition of Anthocleista vogelii and Anti-oxidant Effect of Its Methanolic and Acetone Extracts

2020 ◽  
pp. 7-18
Author(s):  
E. E. Ikpe ◽  
U. D. Archibong ◽  
C. U. Michael ◽  
E. G. Ukpong
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Acetone Extract ◽  
World Health ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Acetone Extracts ◽  
Oxidant Effect

This study entailed determination of chemical composition of Anthocleista vogelii and anti-oxidant effect of its methanolic and acetone extract. The phytochemical screening of Anthocleista vogelii showed quantitatively the presence of alkaloids, Tannins, Flavonoids, Saponins, Glycoside and phenols. The results from the proximate analysis indicated that the plant contained some important nutrient such as carbohydrate with percentage content of 16.07 – 34.67%, lipid 5.40 – 7.35%, and crude protein 2.23 – 2.41%. The mineral element analysis showed that potassium (K) was 32.6 – 41.1 mg/kg, sodium (Na) 5.41- 6.21 mg/kg, calcium 9.74 – 17.81 mg/kg, magnesium (mg) 5.71 – 32.0 mg/kg and Zn 0.32 – 0.68 mg/kg. The acetone and methanol leaves, stem bark and roots extracts of Anthocleista Vogelii exhibited reasonable scavenging activity in the DPPH (1, 1- diphenyl – 2- picrlhydrazyl) assay. The methnaolic extracts had a better inhibiting ability than acetone extract which could be attributed to higher content of tannin and Saponin in methanolic than acetone extract. The results were discussed with referenced to World Health Organization (WHO) standard of nutritional and medicinal values.

scholarly journals Measurement report: Fourteen months of real-time characterisation of the submicronic aerosol and its atmospheric dynamics at the Marseille–Longchamp supersite

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 7293-7319
Author(s):  
Benjamin Chazeau ◽  
Brice Temime-Roussel ◽  
Grégory Gille ◽  
Boualem Mesbah ◽  
Barbara D'Anna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Long Range ◽  
Ultrafine Particle ◽  
Urban Traffic ◽  
World Health ◽  
Land Breeze ◽  
Local Pollution ◽  
Shipping Traffic ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Pollution Episodes

Abstract. This study reports results of PM1 chemical composition determined using a Time-of-Flight Aerosol Chemical Speciation Monitor (ToF-ACSM) over a 14-month period (1 February 2017–13 April 2018) at the Marseille–Longchamp supersite (MRS-LCP) in France. Parallel measurements were performed with an aethalometer, an ultrafine particle monitor and a suite of instruments to monitor regulated pollutants (PM2.5, PM10, NOx, O3 and SO2). The average PM1 chemical composition over the period was dominated by organic aerosol (OA; 49.7 %) and black carbon (BC; 17.1 %), while sulfate accounted for 14.6 %, nitrate for 10.2 %, ammonium for 7.9 % and chloride for 0.5 % only. Wintertime was found to be the season contributing the most to the annual PM1 mass concentration (30 %), followed by autumn (26 %), summer (24 %) and spring (20 %). During this season, OA and BC concentrations were found to contribute 32 % and 31 % of their annual concentrations, respectively, as a combined result of heavy urban traffic, high emissions from residential heating and low planetary boundary layer (PBL) height. Most (75 %) of the 15 days exceeding the target daily PM2.5 concentration value recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) occurred during this season. Local and long-range pollution episodes with contrasting chemical composition could be distinguished, accounting for 40 % and 60 % of the exceedance days, respectively. Enhanced OA and BC concentrations, mostly originating from domestic wood burning under nocturnal land breeze conditions, were observed during local pollution episodes, while high levels of oxygenated OA and inorganic nitrate were associated with medium-/long-range transported particles. In summertime, substantially higher concentrations of sulfate were found, with an average and a maximum contribution to the PM1 mass of 24 % and 66 %, respectively. Results from k-means clustering analysis of daily profiles of sulfate concentrations clearly reveal the significant influence of local harbour/industrial activities on air quality in addition to the more regional contribution of shipping traffic that originates from the Mediterranean basin.

scholarly journals Study and analysis the effect of chemical composition of spring water of dhofar region against turbidity

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmmed Saadi Ibrahim ◽  
◽  
Tafoul Abdullah Al Kathiri ◽  
Tariq Omar Hassan Al Rashidi Al Rashidi ◽  
Salim Ahmed Salim Al Shanfari Al Shanfari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Solid Particles ◽  
World Health ◽  
Identification System ◽  
Physiochemical Parameters ◽  
Percentage Difference ◽  
Quality Water ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Health Organization

The aim of this study is to calculate the physical properties of eight springs of the water of the Dhofar region in Oman using physiochemical parameters like pH, total dissolved solids (TDS), conductivity, turbidity, and dissolved oxygen (DO). The chemical properties estimated the concentrations of the metals in springs of water and specified the best healthy spring of water depending on the percentage difference between the actual and normal range set by the World Health Organization (WHO). Eight samples for each test were collected from eight springs of water, namely, Ain Hamran, Ain Deribat, Ain Tobruk, Ain Al-Nabi Ayoub, Ain Atom, Ain Jarziz, Ain Sahlnot, and Ain Razat using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) to study the chemical composition of the samples. Ain Jarziz represented high quality water because the percentage difference between actual and WHO was 78.78% compared to Ain Al-Nabi Ayoub, where the difference percentage was 105.95 %. Quantity of dissolved solid particles has a big effect on TDS and conductivity compared to the turbidity. Identification system was used to evaluate the effect of the quality of the chemical composition on the turbidity for Ions of Cl-1, So4 -2, Ca+2, Na+1, Mg+2, and K+1 to be equal to 99.52%, 75.4%, 92.548%, 95.346%, 98.011%, and 97.33 %, respectively. However, more studies are required to conform with the outcomes of this research employing this energetic technique.

scholarly journals Chemical composition and insecticidal activity of Anacyclus pyrethrum essential oil from the Bensliman area against Culex pipiens

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-21
Author(s):  
Kawtar El Mokhtari ◽  
M'hammed EL Kouali ◽  
Mohammed Talbi ◽  
Latifa Hajji ◽  
Abdelhak El Brouzi
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Insecticidal Activity ◽  
Culex Pipiens ◽  
Larval Mortality ◽  
World Health ◽  
Herbaceous Plant ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Asteraceae Family ◽  
Lc50 And Lc90

Anacyclus pyrethrum is a herbaceous plant that belongs to the Asteraceae family. The focus of the present study is to extract the essential oil from this plant, to determine its chemical composition and to evaluate its insecticidal activity against the larvae of the mosquito Culex pipiens. The essential oil from A. pyrethrum collected from the region of Bensliman in Morocco was extracted by hydrodistillation and analyzed by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry were studied. Essential oil yield obtained by hydrodistillation was 0.09%. The major aroma constituents were Spathulenol (20.47%), Germacrene D (16.48%), Caryophyllene oxide (13.20%), 4(14)-Salviale-1-one (8.27%) and Caryophyllene 4(14),8(15)-dien-5α-ol (7.30%). The larvicidal test carried out according to a methodology based on the standard protocol of the World Health Organization was studied on 4th instar larvae of C. pipiens and showed that A. pyrethrum essential oil possesses remarkable insecticidal properties.  After 24 hours of exposition, larvicidal assays revealed a 100% mortality of C. pipiens larvae. The dose of 40 μL/mL was toxic enough to cause 100% larval mortality of C. pipiens. The lethal concentrations LC50 and LC90 calculated for the essential oil studied were of the order of 14.79 μL/mL and 19.95 μL/mL, respectively. To control mosquitoes, this essential oil extracted from A. pyrethrum might be used as a natural insecticide and therefore could be an alternative to synthetic insecticides already present on the market.

scholarly journals PHARMACOGNOSTIC STUDIES OF DALBERGIA SISSO ROXB.

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
Ijaz Ali ◽  
Ghazala H. Rizwani ◽  
Huma Shareef ◽  
Sohail Khan
Keyword(s):  
Research Work ◽  
Powdered Material ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
World Health ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Important Species ◽  
Infra Red ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
High Level ◽  
Different Parts

<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Present study was aimed to standardize the leaves, pods, and bark of <em>Dalbergia sisso </em>Roxb (Fabaceae) plant which is one of the most important species of Pakistan and used in different ailments.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Powders of dried parts of this plant were used for macroscopic and microscopic, histological, fluorescence, micro chemical, proximate, infra-red spectroscopic examinations and extract were used for preliminary phytochemical examination. These entire tests were performed as per World Health Organization (WHO) standards.<strong><em></em></strong></p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In preliminary phytochemical analysis <em>D. sisso</em> carbohydrates, alkaloids, and tannins were detected in the pod while leaves contain carbohydrates alkaloids and flavonoids. The different cellular structure provides the basis of different parts identifications like stomata in leave (A), schlerides in pods (B) and tissues in bark (C) parts of the powdered plant. Proximate analysis showed the high level of moisture content and ash values of A, B and C samples. The fluorescence behavior of powdered material of A, B and C revealed the coloration of these samples under different wavelength. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) established the spectrum include aromatic and aldehyde based functional groups for the all three powdered samples of <em>D. sisso </em>Roxb.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This research work was performed for the standardization of the plant <em>D. sisso </em>Roxb. as per WHO recommendations and we established the proper identification profile of the plant and its parts.</p>

scholarly journals Standardisation of Holarrhena floribunda (G. Don) Durand & Schinz: pharmacognostic evaluation and HPLC profiling of some of its steroidal alkaloids as chemical markers

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL4) ◽  
pp. 2710-2725
Author(s):  
Amponsah Kingsley I ◽  
Ampofo Kwesi E ◽  
Oppong Bekoe S ◽  
Harley Kingsley B ◽  
Armah Ackah F ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Evaluation ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Hplc Method ◽  
World Health ◽  
Correct Identification ◽  
Chemical Markers ◽  
Abaxial Surface ◽  
Steroidal Alkaloids ◽  
Anomocytic Stomata ◽  
Health Organization

The World Health Organization has encouraged the development of medicinal plant monographs in various countries. The present study therefore aimed at developing pharmacognostic standards for the quality evaluation of Holarrhena floribunda (G. Don) Durand & Schinz, used as anti-infective in folklore medicine. The macromorphological and micromorphological features, physicochemical, phytochemical and thin layer chromatograms of the leaves and stem bark were evaluated using standard methods. An HPLC method was also developed and validated to profile some steroidal alkaloids of the stem bark. The plant has simple, glaborous leaves, broadly lanceolate to ovate in shape and opposite in arrangement. The leaves were hypostomatic with paracytic and anomocytic stomata on the abaxial surface. The flat stem bark is light brown on the inner surface. Three alkaloids were profiled as chemical markers for the quality control of the stem bark of H. floribunda, to aid its correct identification for research and industry.

scholarly journals ELEMENTAL PROFILE ANALYSIS OF SOME INDIAN TRADITIONAL MEDICINAL SPICE PLANTS OF, BELLARI DISTRICT, KARNATAKA USING AAS TECHNIQUE

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Rajeshwari B. Morabad ◽  
Sharangouda J. Patil
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Trace Element ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Trace Element Analysis ◽  
The Body ◽  
World Health ◽  
Mineral Contents ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Health Organization

Objective: Karnataka (India) is the darling child of nature where about 722 medicinal plants are available. Ions of different metal elements have an important role in both the reactions. Few elements are essential to the body as nutrients called minerals. Present study deals with trace element analysis was carried out in Ballari district, Karnataka, India.Methods: 0.25g each of the powdered medicinal plant spice seeds samples digested in 6.5 ml of acid solution to study the trace element like Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Cd, and Cr in Coriander seeds, Ajwain seeds, Pepper seeds, Cumin seeds and Sweet cumin seeds at ppm levels were figured out by using AAS analysis.Results: Analysed trace mineral contents of these spice plants resulted highest level of Manganese is 1.92 ppm, Ferrous is 3.69 ppm and in Chromium is 0.0980 ppm in Ajwain seeds, Copper is 0.42 ppm in Coriander seeds, Zinc is 3.02 ppm and Cadmium is 0.0070 ppm in Sweet cumin seeds and lowest were found Mn is 0.65 ppm, Fe is 2.43 ppm in Coriander seeds, Cu is 0.15 ppm in Cumin seeds, Zn is 1.64 ppm in Pepper seeds, Cd is 0.0018 in Ajwain seeds and Cr is 0.0669 ppm in Sweet cumin seeds were studied in (n=3 ppm) all the sample selected spice seeds by AAS and suggests that the monitoring of trace elements in these medicinal plants does not exceed the limiting values set by World Health Organization to use it as a medicinal application.Conclusion: These Indian traditional medicinal spice plants can be safely used for food and medicinal purposes.Keywords: Medicinal Plants, Spices, AAS, Trace elements, Microelements

scholarly journals Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Extracts from the Inner Bark of Berberis vulgaris Stem

BioResources ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 7958-7969 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyyed Khalil Hosseinihashemi ◽  
Hamidreza Anooshei ◽  
Hamed Aghajani ◽  
Mohamed Z. M. Salem
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Acetone Extract ◽  
Butylated Hydroxytoluene ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Berberis Vulgaris ◽  
Dpph Method ◽  
Antioxidant Agent

Extracts from the inner stem bark of Berberis vulgaris were analyzed for their antioxidant activity using the 1,1-dipheny-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method and compared with ascorbic acid (AA) and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT). The most active extracts were analyzed for their chemical composition using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Acetone extract was found to be the most active as an antioxidant agent at 98.61%, which was higher than the value of vitamin C (93.03%) at the concentration of 0.16 mg/mL. The major components identified in the acetone extract were tetracosanoic acid, methyl ester (26.36%), followed by phthalic acid, diisooctyl ester (20.93%), 1,2-bis(trimethylsiloxy) ethane (10.26%), and 1,2-benzendicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester (8.70%). The dissolved water:methanol (1:1 v/v) partitioned from acetone extract afforded 12 fractions; among them, fraction F11 was found to have good antioxidant activity (95.41%) at the concentration of 0.16 mg/mL. The major compounds identified in F11 were N-methyl-4-(hydroxybenzyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoloine (28.82%), 9-α-hydroxy-17β-(trimethylsilyl-oxy)-4-anderostene-3-methyloxime (13.97%), ribitol, pentaacetate (9.76%), 1-methyl-4-[4,5-dihydroxyphenyl]-hexahydropyridine (6.83%), and 2-ethylacridine (4.77%).

scholarly journals Comparative Evaluation of the Nutritive, Mineral, and Antinutritive Composition of Musa sinensis L. (Banana) and Musa paradisiaca L. (Plantain) Fruit Compartments

Plants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barnabas Oluwatomide Oyeyinka ◽  
Anthony Jide Afolayan
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
World Health ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Musa Paradisiaca ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Peel Extract

Banana and plantain contribute significantly to food security and amelioration of malnutrition, earning their status as staples in several localities of tropical and sub-tropical regions. The distribution of metabolites within the various parts also remains as a key essential to their nutritive and therapeutic potential. This study was aimed at evaluating the nutritional and mineral composition of the flesh, peel, and peel extract components of Musa sinensis L. and Musa paradisiaca L. fruits as well as their nutritional and therapeutic potentials. Proximate and antinutritional analyses were carried out using standard analytical methods of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC), while the mineral constituents were evaluated using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). Proximate analysis revealed that the flesh and peel of M. sinensis L. and M. paradisiaca L. contain substantial amounts of moisture, fiber, carbohydrates, and low fat content, while minerals K, Mg, Ca, Na, P, and N were substantially concentrated in the peels and peel extracts in particular. The antinutrients alkaloid, oxalate, saponin, and phytate were detected in safe amounts according to the World Health Organization (WHO). The study points out that the peel and its derivative extract, as well as the flesh of M. sinensis L. and M. paradisiaca L. are to be put to more relevant human nutritional and therapeutic use.

Design and Construction of a Posterior Walker for Older Adults “Moviclinic”

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gianina Garrido Silva ◽  
Juan Manuel Arguello Espinosa ◽  
Jessica Gissella Maradey Lázaro ◽  
Geidy Alexandra Bayona Velasco ◽  
Angela Dayana Suescun Mejia
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Mobile Devices ◽  
Design Thinking ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Obstacle Detection ◽  
Assistive Devices ◽  
World Health ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Peace Of Mind ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract In recent years, the population of older adults (i.e age over 65) will double from 11% to 22% according to statistics from the World Health Organization (i.e WHO). The assistive devices for gait (i.e Assistive Devices and Mobility Aids, ADMA) allow the movement and mobility of people with reduced abilities to walk, providing additional support of the human body to the ground. Some authors have classified these devices as fixed and mobile. Fixed devices are made up of parallel bars or handrails and mobile devices that include walking sticks, crutches, and walkers. Especially, mobile devices allow the gait to be carried out by leaning on the device so that the patient will have greater stability and balance; as well as autonomy on regular terrain. Likewise, these reduce the risk of complications such as falls and immobilizations, which greatly improves the patient’s functionality and in rehabilitation can help to reduce pain in the muscles and joints by redistributing weight. The “Moviclinic” rear walker is made up of a metal frame, equipped with forearm support and a front safety stop, which provides security for the user and his family. The rear wheels allow to direct the element and with the front wheels regulates the speed. Besides, it has an obstacle detection system which is based on the ultrasound principle, generating an audible alarm when detecting them with two priority levels, and the alarm system activated directly by the user. This feature always allows both the user and his family or caregiver to have peace of mind at all the times. Electronic design is also included. This article aims to show the design, construction and validation of a support device for elderly patients with gait disturbances called “Moviclinic” based on the application of the “Design Thinking” methodology, Finite Element Analysis (FEA) and a technological surveillance analysis to make a comparison with current walkers and be able to offer a quality, efficient and affordable product. Finally, the test protocols carried out and the results obtained when testing their operation.

scholarly journals Proximate and Sensory Analysis of Functional Drink from Jackfruit Seed Extract with Citrulline Fortification As A Potential Antidiabetic

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 56-64
Author(s):  
William Ben Gunawan ◽  
Amelia Septyn Priambodo ◽  
Diah Winarti ◽  
Aprilia Nurohma ◽  
Laurencia Okky Wijayanti
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Sensory Analysis ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
World Health ◽  
Antioxidant Content ◽  
Sugar Levels ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Functional Drink ◽  
Peel Extract

The World Health Organization (WHO) predicts that diabetes Mellitus in Indonesia by 2030 will increase to 21.3 million people. There was a growing need for natural foods that can be used as a substitute for antihyperglycemic drugs and may lower the blood sugar levels of diabetes Mellitus patients without burdening the kidneys and causing other side effects. Citrulline, one of the amino acids that are useful for the immune system and improving blood flow circulation, is found in the white peel of watermelon in greater levels compared to the citrulline content of other fruits. Previous research has shown that citrulline supplementation significantly lowered fasting blood sugar and HbA1c as well as inflammatory biomarkers, including in obese subjects. Methods conducted in this study include watermelon peel extract making, jackfruit seed drink making, proximate analysis, total phenol testing, organoleptic testing, and data analysis. The results of proximate testing on jackfruit seed drink with additional citrulline (F1) were F1 samples consisting of 92.31% water, 0.47% protein, 0.99% fat, 0.00% ash, and 6.23% total carbohydrates. Sensory analysis revealed that the flavor of the drink was disliked, while the aroma of the drink was somewhat liked. The addition of watermelon peel extract in jackfruit seed drinks may increase nutrition value, antioxidant content, and has the potential to be a functional drink with antioxidant content and blood sugar reduction effects as antidiabetics.

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