Study, Nonylphenol Analysis of Textile Liquid Discharges of the City of Marrakech

Nonyphenols, especially the ethoxylated derivatives of nonylphenol (NPE) known as ethoxylated alkylphenols (APEs), are synthesized for their surfactant properties, which allow a better dispersion of liquids and the miscibility of certain substances such as oil and water. More than 40 years have been used as detergents, emulsifiers, wetting agents and dispersing agents and even cosmetic products such as shampoos. These organic molecules are very persistent and well known by their predatory toxicities on the skin, the eye, the respiratory tract, the kidneys and the liver, they are endocrine disruptors. The textile industry via some ennobling chemicals, tissue contamination and liquid discharges by these molecules remains a concern for the industry and the quality of these discharges. Our goal is to verify the contamination of liquid discharges from a textile industry using certain chemicals in the dyeing process.

A Study on Microfluidic Spinning Technology (MST) Used for Micro Fibre Fabrication

Functional polymeric micro/nanofibers have gained considerable interest as promising materials for the structures that are potentially beneficial in lot of application areas as they possess excellent characteristics such as large surface-area-to-volume ratio, incredibly small pore dimensions etc. Microfluidic developments have currently shown a huge amount of opportunities as revolutionary approaches to create microfiber. By carefully regulating the flow and reaction kinetics in microchannel chip, microfluidic-spinning technology can be applied to generate fibers with tailored characteristics and polymorphic structures. However, this paper features the basic mechanism of micro-fiber production by microfluidic spinning Technology (MST) as well as the principle of Elcectro-Microfluidic Spinning Technology (EMST). Besides, core-shell fiber production by MST is also described in brief. Finally, the advantageous features, application areas and challenges of MST are reviewed briefly in this paper.

Ball-Milling Graphite Used for Synthesis of Biocompatible Blue Luminescent Graphene Quantum Dots

Graphene Quantum Dots (GQDs) have been prepared by oxidationhydrothermal reaction, using ball-milling graphite as the starting materials. The prepared GQDs are endowed with excellent luminescence properties, with the optimum emission of 320nm. Blue photoluminescent emitted from the GQDs under ultraviolet light. The GQDs are ~3nm in width and 0.5~2 nm in thickness, revealed by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. In addition, Fourier transform infrared spectrum evidences the existence of carbonyl and hydroxyl groups, meaning GQDs can be dispersed in water easily and used in cellar imaging, and blue area inside L929 cells were clearly observed under the fluorescence microscope. Both low price of raw material and simple prepared method contribute to the high quality GQDs widespread application in future.

Comparative Study on Antimicrobial Activity of Four Bangladeshi Medicinal Plants used as Antimicrobial Finishes on Cotton Fabric

Considering the post COVID-19 pandemic situation, it can be assumed that using safer clothing will be a great attraction point for consumers across the world. In that scenario, effective antimicrobial finishes that are readily available and cheap would contribute to the consumer demand of safer clothing. This study scrutinized the antimicrobial activity of bleached cotton fabric treated with extracts of Ocimum tenuiflorum (Basil), Mentha spicata (Spearmint), Centella asiatica (Indian pennywort) and Azadirachta indica (Neem) as antimicrobial finishes. The study aims at assessing the comparative activity of four abovementioned natural medicinal plants, which can be used as ecofriendly antimicrobial finishes for textiles. Bleached cotton fabric samples were treated with plant extractions following exhaust method and then evaluated by using ASTM E2149-01 method against gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli. The results depicted that all the four samples showed antimicrobial activity with more than 95% reduction of micro-organisms. Among the four, Ocimum tenuiflorum (Basil) showed the best result against both E. coli and S. aureus with reduction percentage of 98.81% and 99.16% respectively. Although Azadirachta indica (Neem) has comparatively the lowest performance against E. coli, its antimicrobial activity against S. aureus is very close to Ocimum tenuiflorum (Basil).

A Review on Natural Dyes: Raw Materials, Extraction Process, and their Properties

Synthetic dyes and all the processing used in general dyeing is harmful to our health. Dye from natural sources can reduce the risk of synthetic dyes. As indigo has been used for thousands of years for the coloration of textiles as a natural source. This review is aimed at a discussion of different raw materials used for the extraction of natural dyes, the extraction process for different natural dyes, and the properties of fabric dyed by those dyestuffs. Most of the natural dyes showed a very good fastness property in researches. The dyes can be extracted from trees, bark, leaves, flowers, and many more sources. Most of the natural dyes exhibit special properties like anti-microbial, less toxicity, less allergenic, UV protection.

An Empirical Study on Lead Time of Readymade Garments in Bangladesh

This paper addressed the issues that lead up to the higher lead-time in readymade garment industries of Bangladesh. Lead-time involve the time required to deliver any good to the specified destination since receiving the order. For Bangladesh, usual lead time is 90-120 days which is very high compared to competing countries like China, Vietnam etc. This time span is prolonged by issues such as worker unrest, political instability, poor productivity, poor production planning etc. The aim of this paper was to pin point these factors and explain exactly how these issues increases the lead-time. Another objective of this study was to propose realistic solutions to the stated lead time problem. This study was conducted with a combination of quantitative and qualitative approaches. The factors working behind higher lead time and the proposed solutions are being suggested by industry experts working in the supply chain management sector. This study was conducted with hope to help the supply chain professionals working in the readymade garment industries in reducing lead-time by various SCM strategies.

Optimization of Spacer Size and Degree of Shore Hardness on Yarn Quality in Ring Frame Machine

This study was mainly focused on the optimization of spacer size and degree of shore hardness in ring frame drafting systems to improve yarn quality parameters. The 100% cotton fiber carded yarn samples of 35.5Nm were produced to analyze the effect of spacer size and degree of shore hardness with different combinations. The spacers were 4.2 and 4.5 mm and the shore hardness was 70 back & 62 front and 70 back & 65 front. All yarn samples of the same count were produced on the same spinning positions by changing the spacer’s size and degree of shore hardness by keeping all other parameters constant. The produced samples were tested according to standard testing methods and instruments. After testing, the tested results were compared to analyze the influence of spacer size and shore hardness on yarn quality in a ring spinning frame. The technologist needs to understand this and act on it to optimize the yarn production. The specific size of the spacer with specific shore hardness should be used for a particular count of yarn. The results showed that yarn quality i.e. U%, Cvm, Neps +200%/km, Thick +50%/km, Thin -50%/ km, TIPI are considerably influenced by the spacer size with different shore hardness. So it is concluded that the best result has been obtained in the case of using a pink color spacer (4.2mm) with 70 degrees back and 65 front degree front top rollers.