FIFTY YEARS OF THE HISTORICAL JOURNAL

2008 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 821-855 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARK GOLDIE
Keyword(s):  
Historical Analysis ◽  
The State ◽  
New Era ◽  
High Modernism ◽  
Electronic Access ◽  
Historical Journal

ABSTRACTThe half-centenary of the Historical Journal is here used as an opportunity not for celebration but for historical analysis. How well does the journal's claim to publish ‘on all aspects of history’ stand up to scrutiny? Do its contents and contributors reflect the state of the profession, or are they skewed? These questions are explored both conceptually and quantitatively. The notion of a ‘general’ historical journal is examined, as also the distinction between a journal's research and pedagogic functions. Some implications of the HJ's origins in the period of high modernism are suggested. Finally, current dilemmas are examined, especially in the new era of electronic access.

Politični položaj na Slovenskem leta 1919

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2020) (2) ◽  
pp. 359-394
Author(s):  
Jurij Perovšek
Keyword(s):  
State Government ◽  
The State ◽  
The Political ◽  
Liberal Party ◽  
New Era ◽  
Party Organisation ◽  
Western Border ◽  
Historical Phenomenon ◽  
First Time ◽  
Similar Development

For Slovenes in the Kingdom of the Serbs, Croats and Slovenes the year 1919 represented the final step to a new political beginning. With the end of the united all-Slovene liberal party organisation and the formation of separate liberal parties, the political party life faced a new era. Similar development was showing also in the Marxist camp. The Catholic camp was united. For the first time, Slovenes from all political camps took part in the state government politics and parliament work. They faced the diminishing of the independence, which was gained in the State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs, and the mutual fight for its preservation or abolition. This was the beginning of national-political separations in the later Yugoslav state. The year 1919 was characterized also by the establishment of the Slovene university and early occurrences of social discontent. A declaration about the new historical phenomenon – Bolshevism, had to be made. While the region of Prekmurje was integrated to the new state, the questions of the Western border and the situation with Carinthia were not resolved. For the Slovene history, the year 1919 presents a multi-transitional year.

Interaction between the state and religious confessions in the christian world: historical analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 9-15
Author(s):  
T.T. Aimukhambetov ◽  
◽  
N.L. Seitakhmetova ◽  
E.F. Yessekeyeva ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Historical Analysis ◽  
The State

Electronic Access to Factual Materials Information: The State of the Art

MRS Bulletin ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 40-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.H. Westbrook ◽  
J.G. Kaufman ◽  
F. Cverna
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
The State ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
End User ◽  
Cd Rom ◽  
Component Design ◽  
Property Data ◽  
On Line ◽  
Electronic Access ◽  
Access To Data

Over the past 30 years we have seen a strong but uncoordinated effort to both increase the availability of numeric materials-property data in electronic media and to make the resultant mass of data more readily accessible and searchable for the end-user engineer. The end user is best able to formulate the question and to judge the utility of the answer for numeric property data inquiries, in contrast to textual or bibliographic data for which information specialists can expeditiously carry out searches.Despite the best efforts of several major programs, there remains a shortfall with respect to comprehensiveness and a gap between the goal of easy access to all the world's numeric databases and what can presently be achieved. The task has proven thornier and therefore much more costly than anyone envisioned, and computer access to data for materials scientists and engineers is still inadequate compared, for example, to the situation for molecular biologists or astronomers. However, progress has been made. More than 100 materials databases are listed and categorized by Wawrousek et al. that address several types of applications including: fundamental research, materials selection, component design, process control, materials identification and equivalency, expert systems, and education. Standardization is improving and access has been made more easy.In the discussion that follows, we will examine several characteristics of available information and delivery systems to assess their impact on the successes and limitations of the available products. The discussion will include the types and uses of the data, issues around data reliability and quality, the various formats in which data need to be accessed, and the various media available for delivery. Then we will focus on the state of the art by giving examples of the three major media through which broad electronic access to numeric properties has emerged: on-line systems, workstations, and disks, both floppy and CD-ROM. We will also cite some resources of where to look for numeric property data.

Cicero and Milo

1974 ◽  
Vol 64 ◽  
pp. 62-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. W. Lintott
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Rule Of Law ◽  
The State ◽  
The Political ◽  
New Era ◽  
The Rule Of Law ◽  
Political Position ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Political Realignment ◽  
Political Scene

The battle of Bovillae on 18th January, 52 B.C., which led to Clodius' death, was literally treated by Cicero in a letter to Atticus as the beginning of a new era—he dated the letter by it, although over a year had elapsed. It is difficult to exaggerate the relief it afforded him from fear and humiliation for a few precious years before civil war put him once more in jeopardy. At one stroke Cicero lost his chief inimicus and the Republic lost a hostis and pestis. Moreover, the turmoil led to a political realignment for which Cicero had been striving for the last ten years—a reconciliation between the boni and Pompey, as a result of which Pompey was commissioned to put the state to rights. Cicero's behaviour in this context, especially his return to the centre of the political scene, is, one would have thought, of capital importance to the biographer of Cicero. Yet two recent English biographies have but briefly touched on the topic. It is true that, in the background of Cicero's personal drama, Caesar and Pompey were taking up positions which, as events turned out, would lead to the collapse of the Republic. However, Cicero and Milo were not to know this, nor were their opponents; friendly cooperation between the two super-politicians apparently was continuing. Politicians on all sides were still aiming to secure power and honour through the traditional Republican magistracies, and in this pursuit were prepared to use the odd mixture of violence, bribery and insistence on the strict letter of the constitution, which was becoming a popular recipe. In retrospect their obsession with the customary organs of power has a certain irony. Yet it is a testimony to the political atmosphere then. Their manoeuvres are also important because both the instability caused by the violence of Clodius and Milo, and the eventual confidence in the rule of law established under Pompey's protection, helped to determine the political position of the boni associated with Pompey in 49 B.C. Cicero's relationship with Milo is at first sight one of the more puzzling aspects of his career. What had they in common, except that Milo, like most late Republican politicians, was at one time associated with Pompey? Properly interpreted, however, this relationship may not only illuminate Cicero's own attitudes but illustrate the character of the last years of Republican politics.

Reflections from the Margins: Complexities, Transitions and Developmental Challenges - The Case of the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
The State ◽  
Eastern Cape ◽  
The People ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Leadership Accountability ◽  
Multiple Challenges ◽  
Colonial Oppression

Since the dawn of colonialism in Southern Africa, the province of the Eastern Cape emerged as the cradle of African resistance against colonial oppression. A closer look at the province reveals opportunities for progress and ultimate resurgence of economic and social development, yet conflated by a myriad of challenges. This book brings together different perspectives and realities of the post-apartheid Eastern Cape to provide an in-depth exploration of the developmental dilemmas that the province faces. This book provides insightful reflections on development and its sustainability some 25 years since democracy, and specifically focuses on sociological and demographic realities in the areas of migration and its impact on families. The book further grapples with the role of the state in developing culture and heritage in the province, pointing to fundamental and multiple challenges of deprivation, unemployment and subsequent community resilience in a variety of sectors including health and education. While it provides a historical analysis of contextual issues facing the province, the book also highlights the agency of the people of the Eastern Cape in confronting challenges in leadership, accountability, citizen participation and service provision. The book will be useful for development scholars and practitioners who are interested in understanding the state of the province, and similar settings, and the degree to which it has emerged from the shadows of its colonial and apartheid legacies.

Features of the legal status of subjects of Civil Law

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-188
Author(s):  
Iryna I. Banasevych ◽  
Ruslana M. Heints ◽  
Mariia V. Lohvinova ◽  
Oksana S. Oliinyk
Keyword(s):  
Legal Status ◽  
Civil Law ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Roman Law ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
Legal Method ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Legal Entities

Theoretical and applied research of the features of the legal status of the subjects of civil law remains debatable today. Doctrinal and legislative analysis of this subject points to unresolved issues in this area. In particular, the provision on defining the state as a party to civil law remains controversial. There is no consensus on the definition of individuals and legal entities as subjects of civil law among scholars. Furthermore, the legal regulation of certain types of entities is somewhat unsystematic and chaotic. This is largely due to the insufficient development of theoretical issues related to the subjects of civil law. The above issues determine the relevance of the study of the features of the legal status of subjects of civil law. The purpose of the study is to investigate the features of the legal status of subjects of civil law based on doctrinal and legislative analysis. The study is based on a systematic approach, which lies in studying a complex system of relationships between subjects of civil law. Furthermore, the study is based on the laws and principles of dialectics, which contribute to the study of the legal status of the subjects of civil law. Systemic and structural-functional analysis was used to comprehensively describe the legal status of subjects of civil law. The historical method contributed to the study of the evolution of research on the subjects of civil law. The formal legal method helped identify the special features of the provisions of regulations concerning the subjects of civil law. With the help of the comparative legal method, the study analysed the provisions of the Civil Code of Ukraine in terms of regulation of subjects of civil law and such regulation was compared with other countries. The study defined the concepts and types of subjects of civil law and considered the features of the legal status of individuals, legal entities, as well as the state as a special participant of civil law. Special attention was paid to the historical analysis of the development of approaches to the definition of subjects of law, starting with Roman law

Data for Alabama Taxation and Changing Discourse from Reconstruction to Redemption

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kasey Hendricks
Keyword(s):  
Civil Rights ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
The State ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Political Debate ◽  
General Role ◽  
Proposition 13 ◽  
New Era ◽  
Princeton University

At their most basic level taxes carry, in the words of Schumpeter ([1918] 1991), “the thunder of history” (p. 101). They say something about the ever-changing structures of social, economic, and political life. Taxes offer a blueprint, in both symbolic and concrete terms, for uncovering the most fundamental arrangements in society – stratification included. The historical retellings captured within these data highlight the politics of taxation in Alabama from 1856 to 1901, including conflicts over whom money is expended upon as well as struggles over who carries their fair share of the tax burden. The selected timeline overlaps with the formation of five of six constitutions adopted in the State of Alabama, including 1861, 1865, 1868, 1875, and 1901. Having these years as the focal point makes for an especially meaningful case study, given how much these constitutional formations made the state a site for much political debate. These data contain 5,121 pages of periodicals from newspapers throughout the state, including: Alabama Sentinel, Alabama State Intelligencer, Alabama State Journal, Athens Herald, Daily Alabama Journal, Daily Confederation, Elyton Herald, Mobile Daily Tribune, Mobile Tribune, Mobile Weekly Tribune, Morning Herald, Nationalist, New Era, Observer, Tuscaloosa Observer, Tuskegee News, Universalist Herald, and Wilcox News and Pacificator. The contemporary relevance of these historical debates manifests in Alabama’s current constitution which was adopted in 1901. This constitution departs from well-established conventions of treating the document as a legal framework that specifies a general role of governance but is firm enough to protect the civil rights and liberties of the population. Instead, it stands more as a legislative document, or procedural straightjacket, that preempts through statutory material what regulatory action is possible by the state. These barriers included a refusal to establish a state board of education and enact a tax structure for local education in addition to debt and tax limitations that constrained government capacity more broadly. Prohibitive features like these are among the reasons that, by 2020, the 1901 Constitution has been amended nearly 1,000 times since its adoption. However, similar procedural barriers have been duplicated across the U.S. since (e.g., California’s Proposition 13 of 1978). Reference: Schumpeter, Joseph. [1918] 1991. “The Crisis of the Tax State.” Pp. 99-140 in The Economics and Sociology of Capitalism, edited by Richard Swedberg. Princeton University Press.

The global change of continental aquatic systems: dominant impacts of human activities

2004 ◽  
Vol 49 (7) ◽  
pp. 73-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Meybeck
Keyword(s):  
Human Activities ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Aquatic Systems ◽  
Chemical Contamination ◽  
Species Introduction ◽  
Integrated Water Management ◽  
New Era ◽  
Earth Systems ◽  
Indirect Impacts

Continental aquatic systems, particularly rivers, are exposed to major changes due to human pressures. Some changes are voluntary such as flow regulation and the fragmentation of river courses, both due to damming, or the water consumption particularly in dry regions, which results in a partial to complete dry-up of some rivers (neo-arheism). Other changes result from indirect impacts of other human activities, and include: sediment unbalance of river systems, chemical contamination, acidification, eutrophication, thermal unbalance, radioactive contamination, microbial contamination, and aquatic species introduction/invasion. These changes can be regarded as syndromes which have now reached a global amplitude, even in less populated regions, as the result of damning, mining and of long-range atmospheric pollution, thus defining a new era, the Anthropocene, where continental aquatic systems are no longer controlled by earth systems processes but by human activities. Each region of the globe has developed specific patterns of syndromes trajectories that can be reconstructed from historical analysis and through environmental archives. These trajectories reveal multiple types of human responses to aquatic environmental issues (e.g. water quality), usually lasting 10 to 50 years for the successful ones. The reactions of the earth system to such major changes of fluxes (water, energy, nutrients, carbon, pollutants) via the continental waterscape, the land-ocean interactions, the water bodies-atmosphere interactions, are likely to take place over a longer time scale (100-1,000 years) yet are poorly addressed by scientists and not considered in Integrated Water Management, particularly as concerns the coastal zone.

scholarly journals Constructing the Localization of Marxism in Teaching

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 69
Author(s):  
Chufang Hu
Keyword(s):  
Real Life ◽  
The State ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Chinese People ◽  
Specific Time ◽  
New Era ◽  
Time Specific ◽  
Chinese Modernization

<p>The production of any kind of theory has its special and specific environment. Therefore, although truth can be universally applicable, it also needs to be associated with specific time, specific events, and specific environments in the process of combining it with practice, so that the truth can fully spread its wisdom, guide real life, and guide human society to develop scientifically and orderly. Based on the premise of fully understanding Marxism, this paper explores the localization of constructing Marxism in teaching based on the state of China. It proposes that it is necessary to fully integrate China's actual national conditions and realize the localization of Marxism in teaching from Chinese modernization, popularization, <em>etc.</em> in the new era, so as to fully integrate Marxism in China's new era of socialist construction, so that the Chinese people can get a sense of happiness in the localization of Marxism beliefs.</p>

scholarly journals CULTURE AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT: EMIGRATION AS EVALUATION OF LITHUANIAN CULTURAL ENVIRONMENT

Ekonomika ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 95 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-72
Author(s):  
Rytis Radavicius
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Young People ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
The State ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Economic Welfare ◽  
Cultural Environment ◽  
Scientific Evaluation ◽  
Historical Significance ◽  
Geographical Study

This article discusses the influence of culture on economic development and its historical significance. It includes the brief historical analysis of this influence, discussion of problems of its scientific evaluation and presentation of relevant theories and hypotheses. Several practical examples are given that indicate the influence of culture on economy and suggest possible solutions to countries seeking to attain economic welfare. The main issues addressed are: the scope of influence of cultural environment on economic development, the extent of its historical determination and the possibilities to modify it by innovative and consistent actions of the state. The Lithuanian cultural environment is evaluated from an emigration perspective following its comparison with several European countries and the presentation of two qualitative researches carried out by Lithuanian scientists aimed at geographical study preferences of young people.

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