scholarly journals Godparents and Trading Partners: Social and Economic Relations in Peruvian Amazonia

2008 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 303-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
EVAN KILLICK
Keyword(s):  
Economic System ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Trading Partners ◽  
Peruvian Amazonia

AbstractThrough an ethnographic account of contemporary relations between Ashéninka men and mestizos on the Ucayali River in Eastern Peru, this article examines how individuals use specific cultural idioms in their attempts to counteract the exploitative nature of economic relations. Specifically the article considers how the institutions of ayompari trading partners and compadrazgo (godparenthood) are used by Ashéninka and mestizo individuals respectively to understand and try to control their relationships within the local economic system of habilitación. The article concludes by noting the continued importance of these individual relationships in light of recent changes to Peru's forestry laws.

scholarly journals SOSIOLOGI SPIRITUALITAS & KESALEHAN SOSIAL

Spiritualita ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sukron Romadhon
Keyword(s):  
Economic System ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Religious Traditions ◽  
Religious Rituals ◽  
The People ◽  
The World ◽  
New Religion

Spirituality and a new religious awakening, are seen by religious elites as a stage of religious directness in carrying out religious traditions and rituals. New civilizations can instead be a threat to conventional religious traditions and rituals. Without the willingness of religious elites to criticize and re-interpret conventional ritual traditions and patterns, the functions of the world's major religions could fade. The world's major religions are increasingly alienated from the objective world and awareness of the lives of the people and their people. It seems that there will be a new form of religion or a new religion that is completely different from the tradition of religious rituals that have been carried out by the major religions of the world. While the religious elite is still attached to classical religious interpretations. But on the other hand, the emergence of modern society, encouraging the argument of secularization is part of modernization. The values underlying socio-political and economic relations also appear to be beginning to enter an irregular stage, when viewed conventionally, the spiritulitas of global civilization, rather than lies in the format of values, traditional systems and structures or modern rationality. New civilizations in social systems and Science and Technology (SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY) began to be directed at a more intuitive spirituality stage. Then came the act of social piety that proved impartiality over the duafa wal mustad'afin, workers and the poor who were oppressed by the economic system. The emergence of the term left theology only wants to explain about righteousness and belief based on the ability to perform acts of liberation of the proletariat. This action is not only done after the reality of the proletariat appears, but creates a social and economic system that has impartiality towards the proletariat.Keywords: Spirituality, Secularization, Social Piety

DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION OF THE ECONOMY AND FINANCIAL SYSTEM OF RUSSIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 82-95
Author(s):  
А. V. ZVEREV ◽  
◽  
M. Yu. MISHINA ◽  
A. V. NOVIKOV ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic System ◽  
Financial System ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Financial Sector ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
Economic Relations

The article considers the theoretical aspects of the digitalization of economic relations in Russia, identifies the features of the digital transformation of the economic system and the formation of the digital state. The advanced industries and the most developed digital technologies by Russian companies are identified. The focus is on the digitalization of the financial sector: the main trends and directions of the process are identified, the level of development and implementation of financial technologies in the framework of the formation of the fintech industry is considered.

Profiting from Sanctions: Economic Coercion and US Foreign Direct Investment in Third-Party States

2015 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 881-912 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin M. Barry ◽  
Katja B. Kleinberg
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Economic Sanctions ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Trading Partner ◽  
Financial Flows ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Trading Partners ◽  
Economic Coercion ◽  
Using Data

AbstractScholarship on the determinants of foreign direct investment (FDI) flows has produced valuable insights into the role of host state characteristics and home-host relations. This study draws attention to another factor in investment decisions—the political and economic relations that home and host states maintain with third-party states. More narrowly, we focus on how investors respond to their home-state's imposition of economic sanctions against a trading partner. Greater economic integration has allowed states to use economic sanctions more frequently in recent decades. At the same time, economic sanctions are thought to have a distorting effect on global trade and financial flows as firms and governments adjust to new constraints. We argue that as firms at home in the sanctioning state respond to coercive measures against a trading partner by looking for alternative sources of profit, they will shift investments to states that can provide indirect access to the sanctioned economy. In particular, those states that are perceived as prospective sanctions-busters—major trading partners of the sanctions target or states with a history of sanctions-busting behavior—will benefit disproportionately from the misfortune of others. We test this conjecture using data on US economic sanctions and global flows of US FDI from 1966 to 2000. The findings reveal that investor decision making in part responds to political developments beyond the home-host dyad.

scholarly journals Managing the sustainability of economic system as the basis of investment development in Ukraine

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 50-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serhii Kozlovskyi ◽  
Illya Khadzhynov ◽  
Ivan Vlasenko ◽  
Liliya Marynchak
Keyword(s):  
Economic System ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Economic Sustainability ◽  
Investment Climate ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Current Period ◽  
Sustainability Concept ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Nowadays, studying the categories of “economic sustainability”, “economic sustainability management” and the peculiarities of these concepts is especially relevant. Their use would provide an opportunity to ensure the sustainable and most effective functioning of the subject of economic relations in the current period of time, as well as to create a high potential for its development and ensuring the conditions for investing capital in the Ukrainian economy. All this determined the purpose of this study, which consists in the analysis of the theory and essence of the economic sustainability concept, the interpretation of the concept of “economic sustainability of the system” and the concept of “management of economic sustainability of the system”, distinguishing factors affecting the sustainability of the Ukrainian economic system, determining the relationship of economic sustainability with economic security, investing as well as forecasting the level of the Ukrainian economy sustainability based on the innovative modeling methods. The object of the research is to develop the theory of the “economic sustainability” concept and to determine the level of economic sustainability of the economy aimed at raising the investment climate in Ukraine. To ensure the development, security and investment attractiveness of the Ukrainian economy, an organizational structure of the management model for the sustainability of the Ukrainian economic system was developed using the developed economic and mathematical model.

scholarly journals Selected aspects of GDP value and structure development in sub-Saharan Africa

2011 ◽  
Vol 59 (7) ◽  
pp. 347-362
Author(s):  
Luboš Smutka ◽  
Karel Tomšík
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Mutual Cooperation ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
The World ◽  
Trading Partners ◽  
Limited Degree ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
High Dynamics

Africa belongs to the poorest regions of the world. This statement may be applied especially to its sub-Saharan part. The paper analyses some basic structural characteristics related to the economic development of sub-Saharan region. The article reveals existing differences between countries and regions of sub-Saharan Africa and analyses key problems which influence economic development of individual states. An emphasis is placed on analysing an unsuitable GDP structure and on external economic relations which affect this structure. Results of an investigation show that the GDP of sub-Saharan countries is to a large extend generated by the primary sector of their economies, which is dominant in the total GDP value and its position is continuously strengthening due to a high dynamics of its growth. Having regard to the external environment, there can be stated that the foreign trade has contributed to the GDP growth of the whole region only to a limited degree (this does not apply to all countries seen as individuals). The integration process in sub-Saharan Africa may be characterized as questionable. Many integration groupings are operating in the region, but their influence on economic growth is limited due a low potential for mutual cooperation based on specialisation and use of comparative advantages. The economies of sub-Saharan countries are very sensitive to changes in their external economic environment. In this regard, there is important to highlight the very strong sensitivity of the GDP in the sub-Saharan region in relation to the World GDP (mainly to European and US GDP because both regions belong to the most important trading partners of Africa as a whole).

scholarly journals The Industrial Revolution and Birth of the Anti-Mercantilist Idea:Epistemic Communities and Global Leadership

1996 ◽  
pp. 2-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel J. Whiteneck
Keyword(s):  
Agenda Setting ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Bilateral Trade ◽  
Global Leadership ◽  
Coalition Building ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Long Cycle ◽  
Trading Partners ◽  
New Perspective

This paper seeks to offer a new perspective on the linkage between global leadership and the role of epistemic communities in international relations. The issue of bilateral trade liberalization between Great Britain and its trading partners rose to prominence on the global agenda in the 1700s by the efforts of British political economists and merchants. These efforts were prompted by changes in economic relations brought about by the Industrial Revolution and its impact on the mercantile system. While this group was small in number and its interactions rudimentary by 20th Century standards, it nonetheless met the qualifications specified by many scholars. It is further argued that such communities are linked to the exercise of global leadership in the long cycle model's phases of agenda setting and coalition building. They arc started and based in the global leader, and arc nurtured by the relatively open social and political structures of that leader. Evidence supporting this argument strengthens the long cycle model's explanatorypower with regard to agenda setting, coalition creation, and the role of innovative solutions to global problems, and makes preeminence in knowledge -based communities another dimension of global leadership.

scholarly journals The Issues of the Formation of the Common Economic Interest in the Russian Economic System

2019 ◽  
pp. 34-43
Author(s):  
Aleksej Tsikin
Keyword(s):  
Economic System ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Economic Interest ◽  
Economic Interests ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
The Common ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Modern Russian

The article is devoted to studying the theory of economic interests on the basis of the retrospective analysis of the works of the main economic school representatives, modern Russian and foreign scientists. The aim of the work is to elaborate the concept of the common economic interest in the modern Russian economic system. To achieve this aim, the author conducted the development analysis of the relevant methodological approaches to the study of economic relations, identified the most relevant concepts and proposed the concept interpretations of the national economic system priorities. It is established that the evolution of the theory of economic interests is directly related to the world economy development. In the current conditions, approaches related to absolutization of state (characteristic of the Late Middle Ages) or private (used during the rapid development of the market) interests are not applicable to achieve the common economic interest. Today, the theory introduces the factors of uncertainty, limited knowledge, explores real and perceived interests, and increases the role of social security and environmental safety. The analysis carried out in the work indicates the need to include social, innovative, technological, labor, infrastructure, institutional priorities, as well as self-sufficiency of the economy in the definition of the common economic interest. The results of the work can be used in developing strategies to improve the competitiveness of the Russian economy.

John H. Jackson, A Personal Tribute

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 421-422
Author(s):  
LEE ANN JACKSON
Keyword(s):  
Economic System ◽  
Domestic Policy ◽  
World Peace ◽  
Trading System ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Personal Tribute ◽  
Trading Partners ◽  
John Howard

My father, John Howard Jackson, was a life-long advocate for strengthening a rules-based trading system. While he recognized the importance of developing a predictable, transparent economic system, the larger goal in his view was to contribute to creating conditions for world peace. He argued for a system that would favour co-operation in situations where domestic policy-makers might otherwise make decisions that would have negative spill-over effects on their trading partners. At the same time, he recognized the tension between the need to have rules conducive to stability and predictability and the need to allow official discretion to address targeted problems. The challenge of crafting institutions that could effectively manage this tension captured his attention throughout his career.

The Continuing Relevance of the Marxist Tradition for Transcending Capitalism

2018 ◽  
pp. 792-808
Author(s):  
Erik Olin Wright
Keyword(s):  
Economic System ◽  
System Level ◽  
Human Flourishing ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Strategic Vision ◽  
Marxist Tradition ◽  
Collective Actor ◽  
Great Harm ◽  
Popular Mobilization

Marx’s formulation of a theory of transcending capitalism is unsatisfactory for two main reasons: 1) the dynamics of capitalism may generate great harm, but they do not, as Marx claimed, inherently make capitalism unsustainable or generate the structural foundations of a collective actor with a capacity to overthrow capitalism; 2) the vision of a system-level rupture with capitalism is not a plausible strategy replacing capitalism by a democratic-egalitarian economic system. Nevertheless, there are four central propositions anchored in the Marxist tradition that remain essential for understanding the possibility of transcending capitalism: 1) capitalism obstructs the realization of conditions for human flourishing, 2) another world is possible, 3) capitalism’s dynamics are intrinsically contradictory, 4) emancipatory transformation requires popular mobilization and struggle. These four propositions can underwrite a strategic vision of eroding the dominance of capitalism by building democratic-egalitarian economic relations within the contradictory spaces of capitalism.

Mexico–Canada Economic Relations during the NAFTA Era

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Zepeda
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Bilateral Trade ◽  
Trade Agreement ◽  
The United States ◽  
Trading Partner ◽  
Canadian Province ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
The North ◽  
Trading Partners ◽  
Subnational Governments

Canada is Mexico’s third largest trading partner in terms of the overall bilateral trade, and both countries have become strategic allies during the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) era, between 1994 and 2020. Canada, Mexico, and the United States have been members of the NAFTA since 1994. For both Canada and Mexico, the United States is their first trading partner, in terms of exports, imports, and foreign direct investment. NAFTA has paved the way for economic integration between Canada and Mexico during the period of this agreement. It is significant to highlight the notable expansion of Mexico’s exports to Canada, but also of Canada’s investment in Mexico. From a subnational perspective, the provinces of Ontario, Quebec, British Columbia, and Alberta are among Mexico’s most important trading partners. Economic relations between Mexico and Canada has also facilitated international cooperation from subnational governments and important interchanges in education, science, culture, and environment. Quebec is the only Canadian province with a general delegation in Mexico and representations in several subnational states. The Canadian province of Saskatchewan has established important agreements in education with government agencies and universities in Mexico. Relations between Mexico and Canada have strengthened during the NAFTA era. Not only central governments but also subnational governments define the characteristics and dynamics of this relation.

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