scholarly journals Association of BMI and nutritional habits with hypertension in the adult population of Croatia

2009 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Ivičević Uhernik ◽  
Marijan Erceg ◽  
Sanja Musić Milanović
Keyword(s):  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Regular Consumption

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of the present study was to investigate the distribution of hypertension, its nutritional and other determinants and their association in Croatia.DesignPopulation-based, cross-sectional study.SettingCroatia.SubjectsRepresentative random sample of 9070 adults (18 years and older) from all Croatian regions, selected using multistage sampling.ResultsOverall prevalence of hypertension (arterial blood pressure ≥140/90 mmHg) in Croatia was 45·5 %, of which 40 % were newly diagnosed hypertensives. There was no difference in the percentage of hypertensives between the continental and Mediterranean parts of Croatia. Newly diagnosed hypertension was found to be positively associated with increased BMI, age and alcohol consumption in the total sample and with moderate consumption of coffee in women, as well as inversely associated with regular consumption of fruits and vegetables in the total sample and high consumption of coffee in the total sample and in men. No association with newly diagnosed hypertension was recorded for use of animal fat, consumption of whole milk, smoked meat products, for adding salt, smoking and leisure-time physical activity.ConclusionsHypertension is a major public health problem in both continental and Mediterranean parts of Croatia. Maintenance of normal body mass, its reduction if already increased, and regular consumption of fruits and vegetables are proposed as priorities for primary prevention of hypertension in Croatia.

scholarly journals Factors determining the knowledge related to tuberculosis in a rural community, a community based cross sectional study

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 294
Author(s):  
C. Rajan Rushender ◽  
G. Dinesh Kumar ◽  
M. Logaraj
Keyword(s):  
Adult Population ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Study Population

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major public health problem. It is reported that, globally, about 9 million people developed tuberculosis and about 1.5 million people died due to tuberculosis across the globe in 2013.Methods: A descriptive cross sectional study was conducted in the Rural Health Training Center, SRM Medical College to assess knowledge and practice regarding tuberculosis using a pretested Interview schedule. Adult population, who are residing in the field practice area were considered as study population. The study period was between August 2013 to February 2014.Results: A total of 246 study subjects were included in the final analysis with the majority of the participants to be between 21 to 40 years (39.40%). Cough and expectoration as symptom of TB was known to 82.5% of study subjects. Only 22.8% of the study subjects are aware of at least one extra pulmonary for of tuberculosis. The proportion of subjects with good overall knowledge about TB was highest in subjects aged 61 and above, lowest in 41 to 60-year age group. The proportion of subjects with good knowledge had gradually increased with increasing socio economic status.Conclusions: Culture specific IEC interventions and their delivery mechanisms need to be designed, considering the highly heterogeneous nature of population in India. 

scholarly journals A study on health and nutritional status of children in rural and urban ICDS projects in Karimnagar

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 1747
Author(s):  
Anil Moluguri ◽  
Dasari Gayathry ◽  
Sachin Gurnule
Keyword(s):  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Preschool Age ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Nutritional Status Of Children ◽  
The Impact

Background: Malnutrition is a major public health problem. It continues to be a primary cause of ill health and mortality among children in developing countries. Preschool age is an important stage of life where the nutrition plays an important role and has long lasting effects in the later years of life. Hence the objective of the present study was to assess the nutritional and health status of under-five children covered under the ICDS project.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted during March 2013-February 2014 among 846 children attending the rural and urban anganwadi centers of Karimnagar ICDS project. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data and was analyzed using Epi info version 7 and valid inferences were drawn.Results: It was observed in the present study that females (53.5%) were more compared to boys (46.5%), out of the total sample surveyed. In this study 87.6% were completely immunized and 12.4% were partially immunized. According to IAP classification of malnutrition, 27.7% children were mildly malnourished, 16.5% were moderately malnourished, 3.9 % were severely malnourished and 0.9 % was very severely malnourished.Conclusions: High prevalence of malnutrition was observed among children in both urban and rural area warrants urgent attention. ICDS projects should be periodically studied to evaluate the impact of interventions. Further exploratory studies are required to find of several risk factors of malnutrition.

scholarly journals Pattern and Outcome of Self- Poisoning among Adult population Admitted in a Tertiary Care Hospital

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-25
Author(s):  
Madhabi Karmaker ◽  
Khan Abul Kalam Azad ◽  
Partha Sarathi Sarker ◽  
Noshin Tabassum ◽  
Debashis Mohanta
Keyword(s):  
Medical Condition ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Pharmaceutical Drugs ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Attempted suicide or deliberate self-harm by self-poisoning among adult males and females are a major public health problem to be addressed like any other medical condition. In recent years, patterns of self-poisoning are changing. So it is important to know about the substances used in self poisoning and its outcome. Materials and Methods: It was a descriptive type of cross sectional study done in Department of Medicine, Dhaka medical college hospital, Dhaka on100 patients with a history of self-poisoning. Study period was six months. A semi structured questionnaire was used for collection of data. Results: In our study self-poisoning was more prevalent among young age group with female preponderance. Family disharmony (45%) was the commonest cause of self poisoning and most commonly used substance was pharmaceutical drugs. Anxiolytics were the commonest (42 %), organo phosphorus compound (OPC) 20%, mixed drugs 12%, harpic 11%, rat killer 8%, NSAIDs 3%, Dettol 3% and Wheel powder 1%. Out of 90 patients 91.11% patients recovered completely. Death was observed from OPC poisoning. Conclusion: Knowing the pattern and outcome of self poisoning may improve the community based support system through which we can combat against self- poisoning. J MEDICINE JAN 2020; 21 (1) : 20-25

scholarly journals Prevalence of hypertension and selected factors associated to hypertension in a rural area of South Karnataka: a cross sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 3186
Author(s):  
Dharaneesh Prasad S. ◽  
Rajeev K. H.
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Hypertension is one of the major risk factors for CVDs and its complications which account for 9.4 million deaths worldwide every year. Hypertension itself responsible for about 45% and 51% deaths due to heart disease and stroke respectively. It is a major public health problem in India both in urban and rural areas and is increasing at an alarming rate in rural population now days. Because of lack of access to health care facilities at rural areas, the early screening and treatment of hypertension is not done regularly, so we conducted this study. The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence and associated factors of hypertension in a rural community of South Karnataka.Methods: A community based cross sectional study was conducted at rural field practice area of a private medical college in Bengaluru. Sample size was 380 and convenient sampling method used. Data was collected by visiting homes and blood pressure measured with mercury sphygmomanometer. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse the data.Results: Among 380 participants, 58.4% and 41.6% were males and females respectively. The overall prevalence of hypertension among them was 22.6%, newly diagnosed cases were 7.1% and the proportion of hypertension was more among the age group of 50-59 years (40.7%).Conclusions: Our study shows that hypertension has creeped into the rural areas also and creating a huge health problem for the community. Newly diagnosed cases are also high which shows that most of the people are not aware of their blood pressure and importance of regular monitoring of blood pressure. Since screening helps in early detection, so strengthening of health facilities and creation of awareness at rural levels will reduce the morbidity and mortality due to hypertension and its complications.

scholarly journals Knowledge and attitude regarding tuberculosis in a rural area of eastern Maharashtra: an implication for advocacy and communication strategy planning in the national program

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 1485
Author(s):  
Umakant G. Shidam ◽  
Manoj R. Talapalliwar ◽  
Subhash B. Thakre
Keyword(s):  
Rural Area ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Communication Strategy ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Health Seeking ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a major public health problem in India. Adequate and timely knowledge about tuberculosis is associated with positive attitude towards tuberculosis, which can improve both health seeking behavior and adherence to treatment. The study was planned with the objective of determining the Knowledge and Attitude regarding tuberculosis among rural population of eastern Maharashtra, India.Methods: A community based cross sectional study was carried in rural area of eastern Maharashtra using a semi structured, pretested interview schedule. A total 225 adult population aged 18 years and above, who are residing in the field practice area were selected from sampled households using systematic random sampling. Data collection was done by house-to-house survey.Results: Out of 225 respondents, 220 (97.8%) had heard about TB. Cough as a major symptom of TB was known to 80.5% of study subjects. Among the subjects surveyed, 84.5% of respondents were aware of the mode of transmission of TB from one person to another. More than half of respondents were aware of sputum examination as a diagnostic investigation. Three fourth of the subjects reported that TB could be treated by modern medicine. However only 22.2% of them were known to BCG immunization as means of prevention for tuberculosis. Tendency to discriminate TB patients was evident as 53% respondents opined to isolate TB patients from the family and 37.7% opined to avoid sharing food with these patients.Conclusions: Although the study revealed adequate knowledge about nearly every aspect of tuberculosis; there are few myths about causes, symptoms, transmission, and TB prevention. There is a great need to improve awareness in illiterate individuals and females.

scholarly journals Validation and Psychometric Properties of the Spanish Version of the Hopkins Symptom Checklist-25 Scale for Depression Detection in Primary Care

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (15) ◽  
pp. 7843
Author(s):  
María Rodríguez-Barragán ◽  
María Isabel Fernández-San-Martín ◽  
Ana Clavería-Fontán ◽  
Susana Aldecoa-Landesa ◽  
Marc Casajuana-Closas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Composite International Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Spanish Version ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Symptom Checklist ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hopkins Symptom Checklist

Depression constitutes a major public health problem due to its high prevalence and difficulty in diagnosis. The Hopkins Symptom Checklist-25 (HSCL-25) scale has been identified as valid, reproducible, effective, and easy to use in primary care (PC). The purpose of the study was to assess the psychometric properties of the HSCL-25 and validate its Spanish version. A multicenter cross-sectional study was carried out at six PC centers in Spain. Validity and reliability were assessed against the structured Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI). Out of the 790 patients, 769 completed the HSCL-25; 738 answered all the items. Global Cronbach’s alpha was 0.92 (0.88 as calculated for the depression dimension and 0.83 for the anxiety one). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) showed one global factor and two correlated factors with a correlation of 0.84. Area under the curve (AUC) was 0.89 (CI 95%, 0.86–0.93%). For a 1.75 cutoff point, sensibility was 88.1% (CI 95%, 77.1–95.1%) and specificity was 76.7% (CI 95%, 73.3–79.8%). The Spanish version of the HSCL-25 has a high response percentage, validity, and reliability and is well-accepted by PC patients.

scholarly journals The prescription pattern and awareness about antibiotic prophylaxis and resistance among a group of Egyptian pediatric and general dentists: a cross sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariam Mohsen Aly ◽  
Marwa Aly Elchaghaby
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
Antibiotic Prescription ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
General Dentists

Abstract Background The use of antibiotics in dentistry as prophylaxis and treatment is frequent. Their misuse has led to a major public health problem globally known as antibiotic resistance. This study aimed to assess the pattern of antibiotic prescription and its prophylactic use for systemic conditions. Besides, this study evaluated the awareness and adherence to antibiotic prescription guidelines and antibiotic prophylaxis guidelines along with awareness of antibiotic resistance across pediatric and general dentists. Methods An overall of 378 pediatric and general dentists meeting the required eligibility criteria, fulfilled a pre-designed validated questionnaire. Data were collected, tabulated, and statistically analyzed. Results A significant statistical difference was found among the pediatric and general dentists regarding antibiotics prescription for most of the oral conditions where Amoxicillin with clavulanic acid was the most frequently prescribed antibiotic among the two groups (53% pediatric dentist and 52% general dentist). The majority of pediatric and general dentists, on the other hand, were aware of antibiotic resistance and prescribing recommendations. Conclusions The present study showed a tendency to overprescribe and overuse antibiotics in certain dental conditions among the participants. The vast majority of dentists, especially general dentists do not have adherence to professional guidelines for antibiotics prescription in children despite their awareness of antibiotic resistance and prescription guidelines.

scholarly journals Predictive risk factors towards liver fluke infection among the people in Kamalasai District, Kalasin Province, Thailand

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 205031211984020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Woragon Wichaiyo ◽  
Wirat Parnsila ◽  
Wisit Chaveepojnkamjorn ◽  
Banchob Sripa
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Liver Fluke ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The People ◽  
Fluke Infection ◽  
Raw Fish ◽  
Predictive Risk ◽  
Liver Fluke Infection

Background: Liver fluke disease caused by Opisthorchis viverrini remains a major public health problem with its crucial risk factors caused by some individual habits or false beliefs among the people in northeastern Thailand concerning the consumption of raw fish meat dishes. Objectives: This study explores the predictive risk factors for the infection of liver fluke disease. Methods: The sample consisted of 400 people aged 30 years and above in Thanya sub-district, Kamalasai district, Kalasin province. A cross-sectional analytic study, using the χ2 test, odds ratio and 95% confidence interval, was used to find the influence of each variable, along with the use of multiple logistic regression (p = 0.05). A questionnaire form was used as the research instrument. Results: Factors found in the results are as follows: households with a cat were 7.00 times more at risk than households without a cat; eating raw fish dishes prepared by themselves increases the risk of infection by 2.58 times; eating raw fish dishes prepared by family members increases the risk by 4.74 times; and raw fish dishes bought from a community market increases the risk by 2.33 times. Conclusion: A campaign should be launched to educate people not to eat raw or undercooked fish dishes, but to fully cook fish dishes before eating, as the food is still delicious, but also safe, healthy, and free from liver fluke infection.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Pathological Gambling in Quebec in 2002

2005 ◽  
Vol 50 (8) ◽  
pp. 451-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Ladouceur ◽  
Christian Jacques ◽  
Serge Chevalier ◽  
Serge Sévigny ◽  
Denis Hamel
Keyword(s):  
Pathological Gambling ◽  
Telephone Interview ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Screening Instruments ◽  
South Oaks Gambling Screen ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pathological Gamblers

Objective: To assess gambling behaviours and the problems associated with pathological gambling among the adult population of Quebec in 2002. Method: In Phase 1 of this 2-phase study, a total sample of 8842 adults was assessed. We used the South Oaks Gambling Screen (SOGS), adapted for telephone interview, to assess one-half of the sample; the other one-half was evaluated with the Canadian Problem Gambling Index (CPGI). In the study's second phase, we compared the classifications obtained from these screening instruments with classifications obtained by a psychologist using a semistructured clinical telephone interview. Results: The results indicate that the prevalence of pathological gambling in 2002 (at which time 0.8% of the adult population were classified as probable pathological gamblers) did not differ from the proportion obtained in 1996 (1.0%), despite the significant decrease in gambling participation in 2002 (81% vs 90% in 1996). The most popular gambling activities were buying lottery tickets (68%), participating in fundraising draws (40%), gambling in casinos (18%), playing cards with family or with friends (10%), playing bingo (9%), and playing video lotteries (8%). The findings obtained from the SOGS and the CPGI revealed that the 2 instruments perform similarly when identifying pathological gambling prevalence. However, the results of the semistructured clinical telephone interviews differed from the results obtained with the screening instruments: 82% of the gamblers initially identified as probable pathological gamblers by the SOGS or the CPGI were not confirmed by a clinical interview. Conclusion: The discrepancy between the results of the screening questionnaires and the clinical evaluation is significant, and this difference needs to be addressed before further cross-sectional or longitudinal studies are conducted.

scholarly journals Role of Oxidative Stress as a Marker of Cardiovascular Risk in Children on Regular Hemodialysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 416-421
Author(s):  
Muhammad Abrar ◽  
Mazhar Nadeem ◽  
Sunila Fatima
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Prognostic Significance ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Dialysis Session ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Regular Hemodialysis

Introduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major public health problem worldwide, and its main consequences include loss of renal function leading to end-stage renal disease (ESRD), increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), significant increase in morbidity and mortality, and a decrease in health-related quality of life. Aims and Objectives: The basic aim of the study is to analyze the oxidative stress and total antioxidant capacity as a biomarker of cardiovascular risk in those children who are on regular hemodialysis. Materials and Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted at DHQ hospital, Faisalabad during July 2020 to January 2021. The data were collected from the age of less than 18 years children of both sexes. There were 50 children who was selected for this study. At the time of the study, all the patients were on regular three HD sessions per week. In HD patients, venous blood samples were drawn immediately before and after hemodialysis session. Baseline laboratory investigations were carried out for all patients and controls including complete blood count, serum urea and creatinine, arterial pH, arterial blood gases and infection screening, which included blood and urinary cultures by standard methods.  Results: The data were collected from 50 dialysis patients. The mean age of this study is 15years. We collected all the demographic data of patients. The mean value of Urea is 64.34±2.44 mg/dl). At before-dialysis session, duration of disease positively correlated with TPX (r = 0.969, P <0.001), but, negatively correlated with TAC (r = −0.469, P <0.002). At after-dialysis session, HIF-1α negatively correlated with each of TPX (r = −0.529, P <0.001) and OSI (r = −0.459, P <0.003); while, OSI positively correlated with TPX (r = 0.944, P <0.001). Conclusion: It is concluded that HD patients, the clinical and prognostic significance of oxidative status associated with cardiovascular risk factors is very different from the general population. Although a direct causality cannot be inferred from such kind of correlative investigations.

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