scholarly journals Globe rupture: a single-center retrospective study of demographic patterns and outcomes

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Janejit Choovuthayakorn ◽  
Susama Chokesuwattanaskul ◽  
Phit Upaphong ◽  
Pongsant Supreeyathitikul
Keyword(s):  
Road Traffic ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Tertiary Referral Centre ◽  
Effective Prevention ◽  
Globe Rupture ◽  
Open Globe ◽  
Minimum Angle ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Demographic Patterns

Abstract Globe rupture is one of the severe mechanisms of eye injury. This study aimed to describe an epidemiologic patterns and visual outcomes of the open globe injury from globe rupture at a tertiary referral centre. Medical records of 167 patients (173 eyes) were retrospectively reviewed. Overall, males were predominant (82%). Road traffic- (26.3%) and work- (23.4%) were the major contributors. However, falling was the main mechanism in the elderly aged over 60 years. At presentation, 91.4% of eyes had initial visual acuity (VA) of worse than 20/200. The mean (SD) VA in logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (LogMAR) unit at final [1.8 (1.1)] was significantly improved from presenting VA [2.4 (0.6)] (p ˂ 0.001). Predictors for final VA of worse than 20/400 included poor initial VA, presence of relative afferent pupillary defect, and endophthalmitis. In conclusion, this study observed the peak incidence of globe rupture in young teen to early adult patients, with unique characteristics in each age group. Even with significant visual improvement following the treatments, profound visual loss was still a common consequence. Thus, the role of effective prevention along with a multidisciplinary team together with timely and prompt ophthalmic management should be emphasised.

scholarly journals Open Globe Injury related to Road Traffic Accident: a Retrospective Study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phit Upaphong ◽  
Pongsant Supreeyathitikul ◽  
Janejit Choovuthayakorn
Keyword(s):  
Road Traffic ◽  
Visual Outcome ◽  
Considerable Proportion ◽  
Similar Proportion ◽  
Safety Education ◽  
Open Globe Injury ◽  
Eye Injuries ◽  
Globe Rupture ◽  
Open Globe ◽  
High Prevalence

Abstract BackgroundTo evaluate epidemiology, clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients who sustained road traffic-related open globe injury (OGI)MethodsMedical records of all road traffic-related OGI patients who were admitted to the hospital from January 2006 to December 2016 were retrospectively reviewed. Data including age, gender, vehicle type, initial ocular presentation, and final visual outcome were extracted.ResultsAmong the overall causes of OGI, road traffic-related accidents comprised 92/978 (9%) of cases. Of these, ten (11%) patients acquired bilateral eye injuries and 72 (78%) were male. Nearly half of the injuries (51%) occurred in the 20-39 years old age group and the majority of cases (59%) involved automobile transportation. Globe rupture, 48 (47%) eyes, occurred in a similar proportion of penetration, 46 (45%) eyes. Following treatments, LogMAR visual acuity (VA) significantly improved from a median (interquartile range) of 2.3 (1.9 - 2.3) to 1.7 (0.3 - 3.0), at the final follow-up appointment. Presence of relative afferent pupillary defect and presence of retinal detachment were predictors for poor final visual outcomes.ConclusionsThis study provides information regarding road traffic-related OGI that had a high prevalence in young. The risky transportation mode were motorcycles in teenager and automobiles in young adult. A considerable proportion of impaired final VA might have a significant impact on the socio-economic system. Establishing effective safety education and encouraging regular adherence to road safety behaviors are challenging issues that need more action.

scholarly journals Adverse drug events leading to emergency department visits in elderly: the role of inappropriate prescription

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Marcelo Farfel ◽  
Tarso Augusto Duenhas Accorsi ◽  
Marcelo Franken ◽  
Sueli Pinto Doudement ◽  
Mariane Moran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Adverse Drug Events ◽  
Inappropriate Medication ◽  
Albert Einstein ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Emergency Department Visits ◽  
Drug Event ◽  
Inappropriate Prescription ◽  
The Mean

ABSTRACT Objective: Adverse drug reactions are more incident among the elderly and are frequently associated to inappropriate prescription for this group. The objective of the current study was to investigate the incidence and the characteristics of emergency department visits, related to inappropriate prescription, at the Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein. Methods: Patients aged 60 years or older, admitted to the emergency department at Unidade Avançada Ibirapuera of Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, were included in the study. Potentially inappropriate medication for the elderly was evaluated using updated 2003 Beers criteria. Results: Over a period of 6 months, 214 individuals were included in the study, being 53.7% male. The mean age was 70.8 years (60-107). A total of 48 registries of inappropriate prescription were recorded in 42 patients (19.6% of sample). An emergency visit related to adverse drug event was verified in 27 individuals (12.5% of the sample). From these patients, 34.5% were admitted to the emergency department because of an adverse event caused by an inappropriate medication. Conclusion: Inappropriate prescription is frequent among elderly patients admitted to emergency department. A surveillance system and a program to educate physicians on the most recent criteria of appropriate prescription may help reducing emergency visits and adverse drug events in the elderly population.

School attainment in childhood is an independent risk factor of dementia in late life: results from a Brazilian sample

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Beatriz Costa Bezerra ◽  
Evandro Silva Freire Coutinho ◽  
Maria Lage Barca ◽  
Knut Engedal ◽  
Eliasz Engelhardt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
School Performance ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Final Grade ◽  
Brazilian Sample ◽  
School Attainment ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Life Course

ABSTRACTBackground: This study sought to assess whether lower school performance in childhood is a risk factor for dementia in old age.Methods: Participants aged 60 years or more (n = 111) with documented proof from schools were included. Grades in three subjects – Portuguese, mathematics, and geography – were recorded and the mean final grade in all disciplines were assessed. Dementia was diagnosed using DSM-IV criteria. Sociodemographic data, school performance, and years of education were ascertained by checking documents issued by schools. Health status (hypertension and diabetes) were self reported. Regression models were used to assess the role of school performance and years of education on the risk of dementia.Results: Dementia was diagnosed in 22 subjects. Higher school performance and years of education decreased the chance of dementia by 79% (OR = 0.21; CI 0.08–0.58) and 21% (OR = 0.79; CI 0.69–0.91), respectively. After adjustments for sociodemographic and clinical variables, only school performance remained statistically significant (OR = 0.06; CI 0.01–0.71).Conclusions: Education in early life should be viewed as a health issue over the life course. School attainment in certain basic disciplines may be important for cognitive reserve and prevention of dementia in the elderly.

scholarly journals The Interactome in the Evolution From Frailty to Sarcopenic Dependence

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Coto-Montes ◽  
Laura González-Blanco ◽  
Eduardo Antuña ◽  
Iván Menéndez-Valle ◽  
Juan Carlos Bermejo-Millo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Evolution ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Effective Prevention ◽  
Strong Candidate ◽  
Dependent Elderly ◽  
Independent Elderly ◽  
Mitochondrial Capacity ◽  
Apparently Healthy

Biomarkers are essential tools for accurate diagnosis and effective prevention, but their validation is a pending challenge that limits their usefulness, even more so with constructs as complex as frailty. Sarcopenia shares multiple mechanisms with frailty which makes it a strong candidate to provide robust frailty biomarkers. Based on this premise, we studied the temporal evolution of cellular interactome in frailty, from independent patients to dependent ones. Overweight is a recognized cause of frailty in aging, so we studied the altered mechanisms in overweight independent elderly and evaluated their aggravation in dependent elderly. This evidence of the evolution of previously altered mechanisms would significantly support their role as real biomarkers of frailty. The results showed a preponderant role of autophagy in interactome control at both different functional points, modulating other essential mechanisms in the cell, such as mitochondrial capacity or oxidative stress. Thus, the overweight provoked in the muscle of the elderly an overload of autophagy that kept cell survival in apparently healthy individuals. This excessive and permanent autophagic effort did not seem to be able to be maintained over time. Indeed, in dependent elderly, the muscle showed a total autophagic inactivity, with devastating effects on the survival of the cell, which showed clear signs of apoptosis, and reduced functional capacity. The frail elderly are in a situation of weakness that is a precursor of dependence that can still be prevented if detection is early. Hence biomarkers are essential in this context.

scholarly journals Does Preoperative Cognitive Optimization Improve Postoperative Outcomes in the Elderly?

2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 445
Author(s):  
Yumiko Ishizawa
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Training ◽  
Postoperative Delirium ◽  
Brain Plasticity ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cognitive Outcomes ◽  
Effective Prevention ◽  
Cognitive Optimization

Perioperative neurocognitive disorder (PND) is a growing concern, affecting several million elderly patients each year in the United States, but strategies for its effective prevention have not yet been established. Humeidan et al. recently demonstrated that preoperative brain exercise resulted in a decrease in postoperative delirium incidence in elderly surgical patients, suggesting the potential of presurgical cognitive optimization to improve postoperative cognitive outcomes. This brief review summarizes the current knowledge regarding preoperative cognitive optimization and highlights landmark studies, as well as current ongoing studies, as the field is rapidly growing. This review further discusses the benefit of cognitive training in non-surgical elderly populations and the role of cognitive training in patients with preexisting cognitive impairment or dementia. The review also examines preclinical evidence in support of cognitive training, which can facilitate understanding of brain plasticity and the pathophysiology of PND. The literature suggests positive impacts of presurgical cognitive optimization, but further studies are encouraged to establish effective cognitive training programs for elderly presurgical patients.

scholarly journals Medical and socioeconomic aspects of road traffic accidents

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hakim Khan Afridi ◽  
Zawar H Khichi ◽  
Khalid Aziz
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Medical Profession ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Safety Measures ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Set Up

Road traffic accidents leave medical and social repercussions on families and individuals involved. Moreover, it is saddening that the most vulnerable are from the youth and middle age groups. This deprives the society of much needed and precious human resources. Hence, the mean which was originally designed to serve mankind has become a means of destruction, cause of disability and sometimes death. The medical profession has to assume a key role not only in the management of the injured, but also in the prevention of accidents and road safety measures. In order to reduce the incidence of road accidents it is important to establish an efficient organizational set-up, highlight the role of mass-transit, periodic checkup of the vehicle for its road worthiness and education of masses with the hope that they will adhere to the rules while on road.

scholarly journals PENINGKATAN KESEHATAN LANSIA MELALUI POSYANDU LANSIA DENGAN PENGAKTIFAN KEGIATAN SENAM LANSIA DI DESA PAGERNGUMBUK KECAMATAN WONOAYU KABUPATEN SIDOARJO

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 319
Author(s):  
Zulfa Rufaida ◽  
Sri Wardini Puji Lestari ◽  
Abdul Muhith
Keyword(s):  
Community Service ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
A Value ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Health Care Policies ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Government

The number of elderly people is increasing, therefore the government has formulated various health care policies aimed at improving the health status and quality of life of the elderly to achieve a happy and efficient old age in family and community life according to their existence. The purpose of this community service is to increase knowledge about the Elderly Posyandu and to be active in participating in elderly gymnastics. The methods used are lectures, discussions, role play and mentoring. The targets are the elderly in Pagerngumbuk Village, Wonoayu District, Sidoarjo Regency, the implementation of activities from April to June 2018. Data analysis uses frequency distribution. The results obtained, there were 34 participants with the mean pre-test and post-test scores of 87.94. The result is a significant increase in knowledge of 0.000 with a value of t = -16.85, and a 95% CI between -46.81 - -36.72, meaning that the effect is strong because it does not pass 1; giving treatment can increase 3-4x knowledge compared to not given. Meanwhile, for elderly exercise assistance, the number of participants averaged 27 people. The Posyandu Elderly counseling participants were enthusiastic about the material presented. There is an increase in the knowledge of the elderly about the role of the elderly Posyandu and the importance of elderly exercise. Health workers always provide information about the activities of the Elderly Posyandu to cadres, village officials and the community on an ongoing basis.  

Prospective Memory Development Across the Lifespan

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 162-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sascha Zuber ◽  
Matthias Kliegel
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Memory ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Present Model ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cognitive Factors ◽  
Everyday Functioning ◽  
Integrative Framework

Abstract. Prospective Memory (PM; i.e., the ability to remember to perform planned tasks) represents a key proxy of healthy aging, as it relates to older adults’ everyday functioning, autonomy, and personal well-being. The current review illustrates how PM performance develops across the lifespan and how multiple cognitive and non-cognitive factors influence this trajectory. Further, a new, integrative framework is presented, detailing how those processes interplay in retrieving and executing delayed intentions. Specifically, while most previous models have focused on memory processes, the present model focuses on the role of executive functioning in PM and its development across the lifespan. Finally, a practical outlook is presented, suggesting how the current knowledge can be applied in geriatrics and geropsychology to promote healthy aging by maintaining prospective abilities in the elderly.

HUBUNGAN PERAN FAMILY CAREGIVER TERHADAP QUALITAS HIDUP LANSIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-56
Author(s):  
RIANI PRADARA JATI ◽  
Sekar Farah Nabila
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Family Caregiver ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Family

  Penempatan peran yang baik bagi Family Caregiver sangatlah membantu lansia dalam meningkatkah qualitas hidupnya, meningkatkan motivasi dalam menjalankan hidup Penelitian ini bertujuan Mengetahui hubungan peran Family Caregiver dalam pemenuhan qualitas hidup bagi lansia di Kelurahan Langenharjo Kabupaten Kendal. DesainPenelitianDeskriptifKorelasional menggunakan pendekatan Krosectional,tehnikSamplingStratified Simple Random Sampling dengan karakteristik heterogen, dari populasi mempunyai hak yang sama untuk diseleksi sebagai sampel teknik undianPengambilan data dengan menggunakan kuesioner yang telah diuji validitas dan reliabilitasnya. Uji statistik Chi-square, dengan taraf signifikasi 5%jumlah sampel pada penelitian ini 70 sampel pada Family Caregiver dari 213 populasi yang ada. Hasil penelitian dari 70 responden didapatkan Peran Family Caregiver tidak baik dengan qualitas hidup tidak baik 33 (47,1%), sedangkan Peran Family Caregiver kurang baik dengan qualitas hidup lansia baik 3 (4,3%). Untuk distribusi Peran Family Caregiver kurang baik dengan qualitas hidup lansia tidak baik sebanyak 6 responden (8,6%) sedangkan untuk distribusi Peran Family Caregiver kurang baik dengan qualitas hidup lansia baik sebanyak 23 responden (32,9%). Terakhir, untuk distribusi Peran Family Caregiver baik dengan qualitas hidup lansia tidak baik didapatkan hasil 2 responden (2, 9%) sedangkan untuk distribusi Peran Family Caregiver baik dengan qualitas hidup lansia baik didapatkan hasil 3 responden (4,3%)Menunjukkan nilai ρ value 0,001 (ρ < 0,05) berarti ada hubungan antara dukungan keluarga dengan kepatuhan lansia dalam keikutsertaan posyandu lansia. Disarankan kepada semua Family Cregiver lansia untuk mampu memahami pentingnya perhatian, dukungan bagi lansia dalammeningkatkan qualitas hidup yang lebih baik bagi lansia.   Kata kunci : Peran family caregiver, qualitas hidup, lansia.   ABSTRACT Placement of a good role for Family Caregiver is very helpful for the elderly to improve their quality of life, increase motivation in living life Research Objective: To know the relationship between the role of Family Caregiver in fulfilling quality of life for the elderly in Langenharjo Village, Kendal Regency. Descriptive Correlational Research Design uses a cross sectional approach, Sampling Stratified Simple Random Sampling technique with heterogeneous characteristics, from the population has the same right to be selected as a sample lottery technique Retrieving data using a questionnaire that has been tested for validity and reliability. Test Chi-square statistics, with a significance level of 5% the number of samples in this study 70 samples on the Family Caregiver from 213 populations. Results of the Study Of 70 respondents found the role of Family Caregiver was not good with poor quality of life 33 (47.1%) , while the role of the Family Caregiver is not good with the quality of life of a good elderly 3 (4.3%). For the distribution of the role of Family Caregiver is not good with the quality of life of the poor family as many as 6 respondents (8.6%) while for the distribution of the Role of Family Caregiver is not good with the quality of life of good elderly as many as 23 respondents (32.9%). Finally, the distribution of the Role of Family Caregiver with good quality of life for the poor is obtained by 2 respondents (2, 9%), while the distribution of the Role of Family Caregiver with good quality of life for the elderly is obtained by 3 respondents (4.3%). 0.001 (ρ <0.05) means that there is a relationship between family support and the compliance of the elderly in the participation of the elderly posyandu. It is recommended to all elderly Cregiver families to be able to understand the importance of attention, support for the elderly in improving the quality of life better for the elderly   Keywords: Role of Family Caregiver, Quality of Life, Elderly

Chest Trauma Evaluation and Outcome of Management in a Tertiary Hospital - One Year Experience

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-117
Author(s):  
Md Mahmudul Islam ◽  
Khondkar AK Azad ◽  
Md Aminul Islam ◽  
Rivu Raj Chakraborty
Keyword(s):  
Road Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Chest Trauma ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Tube Thoracostomy ◽  
Rib Fracture ◽  
Medical College Hospital ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Medical College ◽  
The Mean

Background: Chest trauma is responsible for 50% of deaths due to trauma. This kind of death usually occurs immediately after the trauma has occurred. Various therapeutic options have been reported for management of chest injuries like clinical observation, thoracocentesis, tube thoracostomy and open thoracotomy. Objective: To observe the pattern and outcome of management in chest trauma Methods: This is an observational study carried out in Casualty department of Chittagong Medical College Hospital (CMCH), Chittagong, between April 2015 to March 2016. Our study was included all patients, both sexes, following chest injury at Casualty units of Chittagong Medical College Hospital. All the data were recorded through the preformed data collection sheet and analyzed. Result: The mean age was found 37.7±18.1 years with range from 12 to 80 years. Male female ratio was 11.8:1. The mean time elapsed after trauma was found 6.1±3.1 hours with range from 1 to 72 hours. Almost one third (35.7%) patients was affecting road traffic accident followed by 42(27.3%) assault, 35(22.7%) stab injury, 15(9.7%) fall and 7(4.5%) gun shot . More than three fourth (80.5%) patients were managed by tube thoracostomy followed by 28(18.2%) observation and 2(1.3%) ventilatory support. No thoracotomy was done in emergency department. 42(27.2%) patients was found open pneumothorax followed by 41(26.6%) rib fracture, 31(20.1%) haemopneumothorax, 14(9%) simple pneumothorax, 12(7.8%) haemothorax, 6(3.9%) chest wall injury, 5(3.2%) tension pneumothorax, and 3(1.9%) flail chest. About the side of tube 60(39.0%) patients were given tube on left side followed by 57(37.0%) patients on right side, 9(5.8%) patients on both (left & right) side and 28(18.2%) patients needed no tube. Regarding the complications, 13(30%) patients had persistent haemothorax followed by 12(29%)tubes were placed outside triangle of safety, 6(13.9%) tubes were kinked, 6(13.9%) patients developed port side infection, 2(4.5%)tube was placed too shallow, 2(4.5%) patients developed empyema thoracis and 2(4.5%) patients developed bronchopleural fistula. The mean ICT removal information was found 8.8±3.6 days with range from 4 to 18 days. Reinsertion of ICT was done in 6(4.7%) patients. More than two third (68.2%) patients were recovered well, 43(27.9%) patients developed complication and 6(3.9%)patients died. More than two third (66.9%) patients had length of hospital stay 11-20 days. Conclusion: Most of the patients were in 3rd decade and male predominant. Road traffic accident and tube thoracostomy were more common. Open pneumothorax, rib fracture and haemopneumothorax were commonest injuries. Nearly one third of the patients had developed complications. Re-insertion of ICT needed almost five percent and death almost four percent. Journal of Surgical Sciences (2018) Vol. 22 (2) : 110-117

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