scholarly journals Laboratory analysis of Au–Pd bimetallic nanoparticles synthesized with Citrus limon leaf extract and its efficacy on mosquito larvae and non-target organisms

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Savy Panamkuttiyiel Minal ◽  
Soam Prakash
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Bimetallic Nanoparticles ◽  
Lethal Effect ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Citrus Limon ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Predation Efficiency ◽  
Aqueous Leaf Extract ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Efficiency Test

AbstractThe current study provides novel results on the synthesis of bimetallic nanoparticles (BNPs) of gold and palladium (Au–Pd) with an eco-friendly and non-toxic aqueous leaf extract of plant Citrus limon. The BNPs were characterized and toxicity bioassay was examined on the larvae of the pathogen vectors such as Anopheles stephensi and Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. The predation efficiency test was evaluated on the invertebrate non-target organisms such as natural predatory nymphs of dragonfly and damselfly. The results of material characterization using UV VIS spectroscopy confirmed the synthesis of Au–Pd BNPs with the appearance of the SPR bands. FT-IR spectroscopy indicates the presence of functional groups containing high amounts of nitro compounds and amines on the surface of BNPs. TEM result shows the presence of spherical polydisperse Au–Pd BNPs in the sample. The XRD pattern displayed the semi-crystalline nature and the changes in the hydrodynamic size and surface potential was determined for the sample at 0 h, 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h of synthesis through DLS and ZP analysis. Au–Pd BNPs Bioassay provided the effective lethal concentrations (LC50) against the I–IV instar larvae of An. stephensi and Ae. aegypti after 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h of exposure. The LC50 obtained from the larvicidal bioassay was used to test its effect on the predation efficiency of the selected nymphs which showed increased predation from 40 to 48 h of exposure as compared to the negative control. Hereby, we conclude that Au–Pd BNPs bioassay shows toxic mosquito larvicidal activity at the selected concentration with no lethal effect on the predation efficiency of the selected stage of the predatory non-target aquatic invertebrate insects.

scholarly journals Biogenic silver nanoparticles from Trichodesma indicum aqueous leaf extract against Mythimna separata and evaluation of its larvicidal efficacy

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 194-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul A. Buhroo ◽  
Gousul Nisa ◽  
Syed Asrafuzzaman ◽  
Ram Prasad ◽  
Razia Rasheed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Particle Sizes ◽  
Mythimna Separata ◽  
Ag Nps ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Tem Analysis ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Aqueous Leaf Extract

AbstractThe present exploration is focused on the bio-fabrication of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) usingTrichodesma indicumaqueous leaf extract as a reducing agent. The synthesized Ag NPs were productively characterized by UV-vis spectroscopy, XRD, and TEM studies. The photosynthesis of Ag NPs was done at room temperature for 24 h and at 60°C. The green synthesis of spherical-shaped Ag NPs bio-fabricated fromT. indicumwith a face centred cubic structure showed average particle sizes of 20–50 nm, which is inconsistent with the particle size calculated by the XRD Scherer equation and TEM analysis. We further explored the larvicidal efficacy of biosynthesized Ag NPs with leaf extracts ofT. indicumagainstMythimna separata. The results showed that Ag NPs (20–50 nm) ofT. indicumpossess good larvicidal activity againstM. separatawith an LC50of 500 ppm. Thus, we can advocate that Ag NPs of 20–50 nm size extracted fromT. indicummay be considered in the pest management programme ofM. separatain future.

scholarly journals Histopathological and Biochemical effects of aqueous leaf extract of Cadaba farinosa on the liver of adult Wistar Rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 3716
Author(s):  
Solomon M. Gamde ◽  
Hauwa Kabiru ◽  
Aisha Abdulazziz ◽  
Khadijah A. Abubakar ◽  
Abdurahman A. Musa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Gastrointestinal Parasites ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Biochemical Effects ◽  
Elevated Liver Enzymes ◽  
Need To Evaluate ◽  
Herbal Plants ◽  
Aqueous Leaf Extract

Background: Plants are important source of chemical substances with therapeutic effects. Although, the promising potentials for good number of medicinal plants are being established, there exists in developing countries where people resort to herbal plants without proper awareness of the associated risks particularly in event of excessive or chronic use. Hence, the need to evaluate the histological and biochemical effects of aqueous leaf extract of Cadaba farinosa used traditionally for treatments of gastrointestinal parasites, cancer and diabetes in North-Eastern Nigeria. To evaluate the histological and biochemical effects of aqueous leaf extract of Cadaba farinosa on liver of adult Wistar rats.Methods: Twelve adult Wistar rats of both sexes were used and divided into four groups of three rats each. Group 1 served as control. Aqueous leaf extract were orally administered for 28 days at doses of 100, 200 and 300mg/kg respectively. Biochemical and histological analysis were performed.Results: This study showed significantly elevated levels of aspartate transaminase, alkaline phosphatase and alanine transaminase in animals treated with Cadaba farinosa (especially the highest dose 300mg/kg) compared to negative control. Elevated liver enzymes were corroborated by histopathological changes of liver exhibiting ballooning degenerations and steatohepatitis.Conclusions: Cadaba farinosa causes hepatic injury. Hence, further work needs to be done to ascertain whether reducing the dose of Cadaba farinosa would ameliorate this effect. Authors speculate that injury to multiple organelles including fat droplets and endoplasmic reticulum contribute to this characteristic finding.

scholarly journals Green Synthesis, Characterization, Antioxidant, Antibacterial and Dye Degradation of Silver Nanoparticles using Combretum indicum Leaf Extract

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 216-222
Author(s):  
Arnannit Kuyyogsuy ◽  
Paweena Porrawatkul ◽  
Rungnapa Pimsen ◽  
Prawit Nuengmatcha ◽  
Benjawan Ninwong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Dye Degradation ◽  
Sunlight Irradiation ◽  
Particle Size Analyzer ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Edx Analyses ◽  
Aqueous Leaf Extract ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus

Silver nanoparticles were synthesized by bioreduction of silver nitrate using the aqueous leaf extract of Combretum indicum (CI-AgNPs). The synthesized CI-AgNPs exhibited a distinct absorption peak at 414 nm in UV-vis spectroscopy. Various parameters such as pH, temperature and time were optimized using spectrophotometry. The particle size of the CI-AgNPs was 48 nm as evaluated from the laser particle size analyzer. The XRD and EDX analyses confirmed the presence of silver in silver nanoparticles. Synthesized CI-AgNPs revealed significant antioxidant, antimicrobial (against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus) and photocatalytic (against methylene blue under sunlight irradiation) activities. Thus, an eco-friendly method was developed to synthesize silver nanoparticles using the C. indicum leaf extract.

scholarly journals Mikania Mikrantha Leaf Extract Mediated Biogenic Synthesis of Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles: Characterization and Its Antimicrobial Activity Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aayushi Biswas ◽  
Vanlalveni Chhangte ◽  
R. Lalfakzuala ◽  
Soumitra Nath ◽  
Samuel Lalthazuala Rokhum
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Iron Oxide ◽  
Iron Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Ft Ir

<p>With an aim to introduce a new highly potent antimicrobial nanoparticles using an environment-friendly route, he present work reports the green synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>NPs) utilizing <i>Mikania mikrantha</i> leaf extract and its application as efficient antimicrobial agent. The green Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>NPs have been described by X-beam diffraction (XRD), Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and Fourier Transform-Infra Red (FT-IR) investigation. The TEM image shows the rhomboidal Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>NPs with average mean sizes 20.27 nm. The FT-IR investigation proved Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>NPs have been balanced out through the associations of steroids, terpenoids, flavonoids, phenyl propanoids, phenolic acids and proteins present in the leaf extract. The synthesized Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>NPs shows a very high antibacterial and antifungal property against 5 bacterial strains such as <i>Bacillus cereus, Acinetobacter johnsonii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Achromobacter spanius </i>and <i>Chromobacterium pseudoviolaceum</i> strain, and 4 fungal strains (<i>Aspergillus niger, Penicillium citirinum, Fusarium oxysporium</i>, and <i>Candida albicans</i>). The green synthesized iron oxide nanoparticles can interfere metabolic activities of microorganisms which determine its antimicrobial properties and could bring a promising application in the fields of medicine. </p>

scholarly journals Anti Ulceration Efficacy of Boiled Aqueous Leaf Extract of Morinda lucida on Ethanol Induced Gastric Ulceration Rats

2021 ◽  
pp. 164-175
Author(s):  
Nkiruka Millicent Amadi ◽  
Peter Uwadiegwu Achukwu ◽  
S. O. Onwukwe ◽  
Emmanuel Ifeanyi Obeagu ◽  
Nonyelum V. Anoh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Gastric Mucosa ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Gastric Ulceration ◽  
Ethanol Administration ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Aqueous Leaf Extract

Stomach ulceration study was carried on 25 groups (5 rats each of the groups), groups (E, E1, E2, , E3 and EC, placed on 24 hours fasting before the single dose of intra peritoneal dose administration of 5ml/kg body weight of 99% ethanol and  after one hour, received daily extract of dilution doses of ((500, 1000, 1500) mg /kg) body weight and 100 mg /kg body weight cimentidine (standard drug) respectively for 7 days. Groups (EA1, EA2, , EA3 and EAC, ) were treated with the same extract doses and drug concentration for 7 days before the dose ethanol administration. Group Eand 0 served as a positive control and a negative control respectively. On day 9, target organs; stomach and intestines were harvested under anaesthetize weighed, gross macroscopically and histomorphological studied. Result of the study showed plant inhibition on ethanol induced gastric ulceration; the standard drug (cemetidine) and the mapped extract doses of ((500, 1000, 1500) mg /kg) body weight respectively showed normal organ architecture. Ulcer index study activities 70% indicating evidence of curative and preventive index range 35 to 43% showed some inhibition as seen on the gastric mucosa of the treated group. It was observed that the treatment and anti- ulceration effect of boiled aqueous leaf extract metabolites showed reduction on the histomorphological changes in the gastric mucosa and provided inhibition effectiveness of ethanol induced injury.

scholarly journals Room temperature Phytosynthesis of Ag/Co bimetallic nanoparticles using aqueous leaf extract of Canna indica

2018 ◽  
Vol 173 ◽  
pp. 012019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anuoluwa Abimbola Akinsiku ◽  
Enock Olugbenga Dare ◽  
Olayinka Oyewale Ajani ◽  
Joan Ayo-Ajayi ◽  
Olabisi Theresa Ademosun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Bimetallic Nanoparticles ◽  
Canna Indica ◽  
Aqueous Leaf Extract

scholarly journals Green Synthesis of Ag NPs Mediated by Using Aqueous Leaf Extract of Coriandrum sativum

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 451-459
Author(s):  
K. Kalpana K. Anandaraj
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Coriandrum Sativum ◽  
Biotechnological Applications ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Ag Nps ◽  
Aqueous Leaf Extract ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
New Generation

Nanoparticles have attracted scientific responsiveness due to their fascinating properties, commercial and biotechnological applications advantageous over their bulk counterparts This is principally due to their small size and, subsequently, the remarkable surface area of NPs. Presently, advances in the synthesis, stabilization and production of AgNPs have adopted a new generation of commercial products and intensified scientific investigation within the nanotechnology field. In the present study, Ag NPs are synthesized in the presence of the aqueous leaf extract of Coriandrum sativum. The biosynthesized nanoparticles were characterized by UV– Vis spectra, FT-IR, XRD, and SEM analysis. Further, the antibacterial activity of the biosynthesized nanoparticles was tested against the selected bacterial isolates. Ag NPs exhibited maximum antagonistic activity towards Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

scholarly journals Synthesis, characterization and comparative anticancer potential of phytosynthesized mono and bimetallic nanoparticles using Moringa oleifera aqueous leaf extract.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shruti Gupta ◽  
Hemlata Hemlata ◽  
Kiran Kumar Tejavath
Keyword(s):  
Cell Lines ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Anticancer Agents ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Bimetallic Nanoparticles ◽  
Cancer Cell Line ◽  
Silver Nps ◽  
Aqueous Leaf Extract ◽  
Ir Spectroscopic

In this article we bring up facile one-step phytosynthesis of Silver (Ag), Gold (Au) and Ag/Au bimetallic nanoparticles by reduction of Silver nitrate and Tetrachloroauric acid solution, using aqueous leaf extract of Moringa oleifera. Physical characterization was done using different techniques including UV-Visible spectroscopy, FT-IR Spectroscopic Analysis, DLS, Zeta Potential, XRD, TEM and EDAX. These nanoparticles were evaluated for their cytotoxicity against human hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HepG2) and breast cancer cell line (MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7). Our data suggest these phytosynthesized nanoparticles showed a dose-dependent cytotoxic effect on all the cancer cell lines. However, AuNPs is seen to have higher cytotoxic potential with IC50 value in the range of  9.20-21.46µg/ml  compared to that of Bimetallic NPs (Ag-Au NPs) with IC50 value of 37.22-49.94µg/ml. Whereas, Silver NPs (AgNPs) didn’t show cytotoxic activity upto 60µg/ml in all the three cell lines for 24hrs. Hence, this study supports the effectiveness of phytosynthesized AuNPs for the development of anticancer agents.

Biosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles from Aqueous Leaf Extract of Synedrella nodiflora under Sunlight Irradiation and Screening of its Antibacterial Activity

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 2590-2596
Author(s):  
Shyamal K. Jash ◽  
Dilip Gorai ◽  
Arindam Gangopadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Antibacterial Study ◽  
Sunlight Irradiation ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Aqueous Leaf Extract ◽  
Synedrella Nodiflora ◽  
Synthesis Of Nanomaterials

The field of nanotechnology and nanoscience is the most currently an area of intense scientific interest for researchers in modern materials science. However there are many chemical as well as physical methods, green synthesis of nanomaterials is the most emerging method of synthesis. We report the synthesis of antibacterial silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using aqueous leaf extract of medicinal herb Synedrella nodiflora (L.) Gaertn (Family: Asteraceae) at direct sunlight and monitored by UV-Vis spectroscopy. Both leaf extract and resulting AgNPs is subjected to antibacterial study against five pathogenic bacterial strains such as Bacillus megaterium, Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella typhimurium. AgNPs exhibited higher antibacterial efficacy than leaf extract and found to be more effective against                              B.  megaterium and  S. aureus.  

scholarly journals Silver nanoparticles synthesized using leaf extract of Azadirachta indica exhibit enhanced antimicrobial efficacy than the chemically synthesized nanoparticles: A comparative study

2021 ◽  
Vol 104 (2) ◽  
pp. 003685042110121
Author(s):  
Kashan Khan ◽  
Saleem Javed
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Synthesis Method ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Ag Nps ◽  
Aqueous Leaf Extract ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Biological Methods

A wide variety of methods have synthesized silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) in the recent past; however, biological methods have attracted much attention over the traditional chemical synthesis method due to being non-hazardous and eco-friendly. Here, a detailed and systemic study was performed to compare two different synthesis routes for Ag-NPs, that is, the chemical and the biological; their possible outcomes have also been described. Ag-NPs were synthesized chemically (cAg-NPs) using a chemical reductant and biologically (bAg-NPs) by using aqueous leaf extract of Azadirachta indica (neem). The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized using UV-visible spectrophotometry, FT-IR, EDX, and TEM. The average particle sizes (APS) of cAg-NPs were found to be 8 and 13 nm and of bAg-NPs to be 19 and 43 nm under different AgNO3 concentrations. The antimicrobial tests of differently sized NPs were performed against Escherichia coli (Gram −ve) and S taphylococcus aureus (Gram +ve). The results revealed that bAg-NPs of APS 43 nm were highly antimicrobial against both the tested bacterial stains followed by cAg-NPs of 8 nm. We found the effect of cAg-NPs to be size-dependent, whereas bAg-NPs showed a more significant antimicrobial effect than cAg-NPs.

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