scholarly journals Professional psychological selection of military personnel: structure and main characteristics

2021 ◽  
Vol 113 ◽  
pp. 00081
Author(s):  
T.P. Skripkina ◽  
D.V. Smirnov ◽  
V.M. Bolshakova

The article examines the essential characteristics of professional psychological selection of military personnel through the analysis of professional selection and its structure. The problem of effective implementation of professional psychological selection is considered by the authors as a problem of mutual correspondence of the individual and the profession. It is noted that it is solvable only if a certain set of requirements is met: both the individual's requests for a certain type of professional activity, and the requirements of the activity itself for the subjective characteristics of the «person of labor». Professional selection of military personnel structurally includes: social selection; medical selection; professional psychological selection; educational and qualification selection; assessment of the level of functional development and general physical fitness. The scientific results of the study include the fact that the general characteristics of the candidate and the military specialist performing professional psychological selection, the conditions and means of its implementation are disclosed.

Author(s):  
K. Kravchenko

The cognitive-perceiving sphere of the individual has got a crucial load in terms of developing a world model. Among thecognitive processes there’re the sense, perception, memory, contemplation, imagination and attention. The scientificpsychologicalapproach demands an analytical perception of the perception procedures, however in this real psychological lifeall these processes are combined unified and dependent on the structure and content of the individuals’ personality, its motives,global purpose etc.The cognitive-perceptional sphere of the individual takes an important role in many types of professional activity. The militaryactivity is not an exception. The timely and correct orientation under combat circumstances, the assessment of one’s role andsignificance, without considering the necessity of taking decisions that could have implications not only for the results of thetasks set, but also the life and health of other military personnel, which is achieved by intense intellectual activity. Addi tionally,every service men is obliged to clearly understand the algorithm of actions in average situations of service activity, supposed tohave the skills of self-regulation of the cognitive functions, sufficient creative potential and the ability to conduct rapid logicalanalyses of insignificant complications of the situation under the conditions of combat activities.This work presents certain aspects of the cognitive-perceptional sphere of military personnel, namely the peculiarities ofcontemplating and intellectual capabilities (intellect).The article presents certain results of empirical research, that have been conducted in air-assault units of the Armed Forcesof Ukraine in the period from 2019 till 2020. 173 military men – participants of combat activities in the east of Ukraine have takenpart in the research. Due to the fact that the conducted research was vast and broad in terms of volume its results shall behighlighted in a number of scientific publications.The purpose of this particular part of research is to determine certain elements of the cognitive-perceptional sphere, that aretypical to the finest military men of the air assault troops. The research is constructed in the following manner. It contained twofields of activity: the first one was the conduct of diagnosis methods with military personnel; the second one was the conduct ofa survey among the direct commanders of this military personnel with the aim to identify the example group. The necessity toidentify the example group was dictated by the following: determining of a certain number of individuals among the generalamount of those that are under research, the psychological features of which are going to be determined as the best andnecessary to assure the effective implementation of combat tasks. The survey among direct commanders contained only onesingle question: « Who of your subordinates could be characterized as a serviceman that has been effective in terms of carryingout tasks in the combat area”. Here is of utmost importance to stipulate the exercise of combat activities, and no other features,as good discipline, healthy working atmosphere etc. The first example group included 18 military men, whilst the secondincluded – 155.By indicating the example group and the further comparison of the features with another group, the purpose that has beenset by the researchers has been achieved.The results of the research conducted could be used when determining the candidates to continue service in the air-assaulttroops of the Armed Forces of Ukraine under the conditions that some of the changes are to be added to the Instruction onorganizing the professional-psychological selection in the Armed Forces of Ukraine. Also when receiving the results, the militarypsychologists could use in terms of internal activities (psychological training and psycho correctional events) in order to achievethe finest results by the military personnel as the representatives of their military branch.


Author(s):  
Sergey Aleksandrovich Kuzmin ◽  
◽  
Lyubov Kuzminichna Grigorieva ◽  
Margarita Vadimovna Mirzaeva ◽  
◽  
...  

In the context of the reform of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation and a significant increase in the proportion of military personnel doing military service under contract, the issues of manning the troops with healthy, physically developed citizens with high moral and business qualities are of paramount importance. Of particular importance in the selection of candidates for military service under the contract is the conduct of laboratory and instrumental studies, professional and psychological selection, determination of the level of citizens’ physical fitness. The Federal Law «On Military Duty and Military Service» defines a two-stage system for medical examination of citizens entering military service under contract, which is necessary as a barrier in order to prevent citizenswho do not meet the necessary requirements for military personnel from entering the Russian Armed Forces. At the first stage (preliminary examination), the military and medical examination of citizens was carried out by specialist doctors working in medical organizations of the outpatient-polyclinic link of municipalities at the place of citizens’ permanent residence. Medical specialists of the regular military medical commission of the military commissariat of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation participated in the second stage (final examination) of the military medical examination. During the five-year period under study, 5,133 citizens (72.9 %) were selected out of 7,043 candidates for military service under contract, who fully met all the criteria for defenders of the Fatherland.


2020 ◽  
pp. 130-139
Author(s):  
Олена Научитель ◽  
Юрій Гулий ◽  
Геннадій Садіков

The aim of the study. Identify the features of the structure of professional «I-concepti» of military personnel in accordance with the type of their professional identity (TPI).Research methods. Conversation method, testing.Sample description. The study involved 100 military personnel with different TPI.Conclusions. Summarizing, we can state both similar trends and differences in the characteristics of the structural elements of the professional «I-concept», the nature of the relationship between these components.Cognitive component (professional orientation). Among all possible career orientations, military personnel emphasize that work and place of residence must be stable and important for them, a sense of personal safety, both in professional activity and in personal space.Behavioral component (self-efficacy). The components of the cognitive and behavioral components of the professional self-concept are in feedback. But it should be borne in mind that according to the TPI of military personnel are different professional orientations.There is no correlation between the metrics of all three components of the professional self-concept. There is only a link between the components of its cognitive and emotional components.TPI identifies certain differences in all structural elements of the professional self-concept.Cognitive component (professional orientations). There are no «diffuse» and «pseudo-identity» military personnel from the TPI who are seeking a career. Autonomy at work and in its actions dominates among the military personnel with a «pseudo-identity» TPI compared to their counterparts with a premature TPI. The desire to be a leader is a motivating factor for military personnel with a TPI «moratorium» compared to their counterparts with a TPI «pseudo-identity». For military personnel with diffuse TPI, the most important is the desire for stability and safety at work, than for military personnel with TPI «pseudo-identity».Behavioral component (self-efficacy). Only military personnel with a TPI «moratorium» have an adequate assessment of their self-efficacy. All other TPIs have a clear tendency to diminish their capacity for self-efficacy. There is a feedback of professional orientation (cognitive component) and self-efficacy (behavioral component of professional self-concept). However, it should be borne in mind that according to the TPI of military personnel are different professional orientations.Emotional component (self-esteem). Adequacy of understanding and emotional perception of the value of one’s personality is more often manifested in military personnel with premature and diffuse TPI than their counterparts with TPI «pseudo-identity». Military personnel with diffuse TPI are more aware of and emotionally perceived the value of their personality than their counterparts with the TPI «moratorium».The presence of the relationship between the components of the cognitive and emotional component of the professional "I-concept", depending on the military personnel’s TPI is determined both by the different nature and heterogeneity of these components.


2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 133-144
Author(s):  
Vladislav Petrov ◽  
Evgeniya Panferova

The article is devoted to the development and verification of a model for psychodiagnostic forecasting of readiness of military personnel of information and technical units of the Russian aerospace forces to perform combat duty. The longitudinal study used standardized test tools (the method "Motivational profile of the individual", the personal questionnaire "Big five", the method of diagnosing the tendency to deviate behavior, the multi-level personal questionnaire" Adaptability", the method of studying the features of thinking), a questionnaire and expert assessment. Participants were 119 experts and 255 military personnel serving under a contract. The main difference in subgroups of military personnel of various degrees of readiness for combat duty was the presence of purposefulness and awareness of activity. In the regression model of predicting military readiness, the success of activity is associated with the presence of adaptive abilities, consciousness and intellectual potential. Combat readiness is reduced due to the soldier's tendency to aggression and violence, power and recognition, as well as utilitarian motivation. The results of the research allow us to improve the procedure for professional psychological selection of candidates for military service under a contract and preventative work with personnel, optimize training and combat training of military personnel, and ultimately increase the combat readiness of units and formations of constant readiness.


Author(s):  
Sergey V. Zhukovskiy

The article deals with issues related to the study of the problem space of the phenomenon of «professional adaptation of young offi cers», the study of the possibilities of pedagogic support for military specialists in the adaptation process in the conditions of its organisation in the military unit. Topicality of this direction is determined by the high social signifi cance of military work, the special nature of its organisation and implementation, which requires increasing the effi ciency of the process and the result of professional adaptation of young military specialists who are able to quickly «enter» a new professional environment, updating their personal and professional competences and qualities necessary to ensure the success of professional activities in the military environment in the framework of the implementation of functions for offi cial purpose in accordance with the requirements. Theoretical analysis of scientifi c works devoted to the problem of professional adaptation of the individual is carried out, the content and procedural characteristics of this phenomenon are determined, and its signifi cance for increasing the effi ciency of professional activity of military specialists is updated. On the basis of the conducted research, the spectrum of diffi culties that arise in young offi cers during the adaptation period, located within the boundaries of the problem fi elds of service-organisational, psychophysiological, communicative, social and household components of professional work, is revealed. It is established that increasing the effectiveness of professional adaptation of young offi cers and minimising the diffi culties that arise is possible with the use of mechanisms of pedagogic support of the individual in the adaptation process, implemented at various levels of management of the military unit with the involvement of its resource potential. A set of conditions aimed at providing pedagogic support to young offi cers during the adaptation period, which contribute to improving its effectiveness, is identifi ed. The results of the study established that the organisation of systematic work on the pedagogic support of professional adaptation of young military specialists, implemented at various levels of military control in the framework of the indicated conditions is an important factor in achieving personal and professional success of young offi cers, their development in space military environment.


2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Fabrício Baroni de Carvalho ◽  
Marcos Dos Santos ◽  
Renato Santiago Quintal

The increase in Brazil's interest in international affairs has generated a growing participation in military operations under the control of the United Nations. The selection of the military for this type of mission is a major challenge for the decision-making authority, since they represent Brazil before the international community. The choice must be transparent and based on well-defined criteria. In this context, the purpose of this article is to propose a methodology to be used during the selection process of military personnel to integrate military observer missions into peace operations. The multicriteria decision support techniques can contribute to this process, considering the objective and subjective aspects and supporting the decision maker. The ELECTRE III method was used to determine the Officer who is best able to perform the military observer mission. The choice of a method of overclassification is due to the fact that no compensation is allowed between the criteria. The study shows that in certain military situations with lower rank may possess characteristics that make them as or more interesting than those of higher rank.


2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Владислав Петров ◽  
Vladislav Petrov ◽  
Яна Онкамо ◽  
Yana Onkamo

The article is devoted to comparative analysis of the personal characteristics of military personnel. In the psychological study involved 283 people, including soldiers of the permanent composition of the Military University, students of the Military University (military personnel of the defense Ministry), members of Regardie. Testing was conducted using the California psychological inventory based on the automated workplace of the military psychologist. Statistically significant differences (between different categories of military personnel, police officers) for the different scales of the questionnaire identified relevant performance standards. The results allow to improve the technology of study of the individual officers at different stages of service.


2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 82-87
Author(s):  
V K Shamrei ◽  
V V Yusupov ◽  
B V Ovchinnikov

Presents information about the work of scientists of the Military Medical Academy for the formation of a unified system of professional psychological selection and the development of methodological approaches to the study of the problems of professional suitability of military personnel.


Author(s):  
Michel Moraes Gonçalves ◽  
Humberto Lameira Miranda ◽  
Eduardo Borba Neves ◽  
Fabio Alves Machado ◽  
Antonio Marcio dos Santos Valente ◽  
...  

Introdução: Em formaturas militares a posição ortostática (em pé), com a máxima imobilidade, é um fator exigido e, muitas vezes, suportando cargas externas. Para se adaptar a este esforço alterações fisiológicas são necessárias, porém podem ser prejudiciais. Entretanto, para tornar a atividade menos desgastante e sem comprometer a marcialidade do cerimonial militar, ajustes posturais podem ser sugeridos.Objetivo: Observar as alterações de frequência cardíaca máxima (FCMáx), percentual de saturação de oxigênio (%SatO2), perímetro da panturrilha (PP), percepção subjetiva de esforço (PSE) e de percepção de conforto, comparando períodos de permanência na posição ortostática com e sem breve período de livre postura e com e sem sobrecarga de peso externo.Métodos: Estudo experimental de seção transversal, modelo cross-over, do qual participaram 24 militares do sexo masculino. Foram executados dois protocolos (P1 e P2) simulando uma formatura de 33 minutos, em pé, com a máxima imobilidade, com carga externa (mochila operacional). Em ambos, foram executados comandos de “sentido e descansar” a cada 5 minutos, porém, somente em P2 os sujeitos puderam retirar a carga externa e permanecer em livre postura por 5 minutos. Foram realizadas medidas de FCmáx (bpm), %SatO2 (%), PP (cm), PSE e percepção de conforto. Foram realizados testes estatísticos ANOVA de medidas repetidas, ANOVA fatorial, U de Mann Whitney, Wilcoxon e correlação de Spearman.Resultados: Houve aumento no PP, com diferença estatística significativa entre o minuto 13 (38,75 ± 5,91cm) e o minuto 33 (37,67 ± 4,62cm) em P1 (protocolo sem intervalo para “período de livre postura”), mas o mesmo não ocorreu em P2. Observou-se um aumento mais acentuado na FCmáx ao longo do tempo em P1, foram encontradas diferenças significativas apenas em P1, em todos os momentos após M16 (M21 = 80,58 ± 13,49 bpm; M26 = 79,08 ± 10,61 bpm; M31 = 83,67 ± 11,77 bpm e M33 = 80,00 ± 12,80 bpm) em relação ao primeiro minuto (M1=71,71 ± 15,29 bpm). Não houve diferenças no %SatO2. Não foi encontrada diferença significativa na PSE, nem na percepção de conforto entre os protocolos.Conclusão: Um período de 5 minutos, com livre postura e sem a mochila operacional, em formatura militar, parece ter um efeito protetor em relação a alguns efeitos fisiológicos causados por este tipo de esforço, embora não pareça influenciar na percepção de esforço e percepção de conforto entre militares. Physiological Changes, Perceived Exertion and Perceived Comfort During Military Parade: An Experimental StudyIntroduction: Introduction: In military graduations the individual must be in an orthostatic (standing) position, with maximum immobility and, often, bearing external loads. To adapt to this effort, physiological changes occur which can be harmful. However, strategies can be adopted to alleviate these changes, making the activity less exhausting, without compromising the martial nature of the military ceremonial.Objective: Observe changes in maximal heart rate (HRmax), oxygen saturation percentage (% SatO2), calf girth (CG), subjective exertion perception (SEP) and comfort perception, comparing periods of standing in the standing position with and without a short period of free posture and with and without external weight overload.Introduction: Introduction: In military graduations the individual must be in an orthostatic (standing) position, with maximum immobility and, often, bearing external loads. To adapt to this effort, physiological changes occur which can be harmful. However, strategies can be adopted to alleviate these changes, making the activity less exhausting, without compromising the martial nature of the military ceremonial.Methods: Experimental cross-sectional study, cross-over model, involving 24 male military personnel. Two protocols were executed (P1 and P2) simulating a 33-minute standing graduation, with maximum immobility, with external load (operational backpack). In both protocols, "sense and rest" commands were executed every 5 minutes, but only in P2 the subjects could remove the external load and remain in a relaxed position for 5 minutes, in the sixteenth minute of the simulation. Measurements of maximum heart rate - HRmax (bpm), percentage of oxygen saturation -% SatO2 (%), calf perimeter - PP (cm), subjective perception of effort (PSE) and comfort were performed. Statistical tests were performed using repeated measures ANOVA, factorial ANOVA, U de Mann Whitney, Wilcoxon and Spearman correlationResults: An increase in calf circumference was found, with a significant statistical difference between minute 13 (38,75 ± 5,91cm) and minute 33 (37,67 ± 4,62cm) in P1 (protocol no rest for "period of free posture ), but the same did not occur in P2. A more pronounced increase in heart rate over time was observed in P1, significant differences were found only in P1, at all times after the interval (M21 = 80,58 ± 13,49 bpm; M26 = 79,08 ± 10,61 bpm; M31 = 83,67 ± 11,77 bpm e M33 = 80,00 ± 12,80 bpm) in relation to the first minute (M1=71,71 ± 15,29 bpm). There were no differences in % SatO2. No significant difference was found in PSE, but it was found in the perception of comfort.Conclusion: A period of free posture during for 5 minutes without the backpack operational, in military parade, seems to have an effect protection against some physiological effects caused by this type of effort, although it not seems to influence the perception of effort and perception of comfort in military personnel.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (119) ◽  
pp. 61-68
Author(s):  
Ernar M. Iskakov ◽  

The article is devoted to the problem of professional development and career development of officers of the armed forces, other troops and military formations. The relevance of this problem is due to the rapidly changing conditions of the military-pedagogical environment. At present traditional forms and methods of professional training cannot fully meet the demand of military personnel for the formation of self-development, self-actualization and self-realization skills. In this regard the author raises the question of the need to find new approaches and views on the process of improving professional training, the result of which should be the readiness of officers to build, design and develop a military career. The author suggests using coaching, the methodology of which is focused on the disclosure of professional and personal potential and the awakening of the activity of officers as promising forms and methods of military professional training. The concepts of «profession-oriented army coaching» and «army coach» are clarified. It is emphasized that the technology of coaching is new for the military sphere and requires substantial and technical adaptation to the army reality. In this work the author presents the concept of profession-oriented army coaching, taking into account the ideas of the acmeological approach, the military specifics and the architecture of the coaching process. The goals, objectives,principles, directions and conditions for the implementation of coaching in the army environment are defined. The author comes to the conclusion that in the army environment, the coaching and acmeological approaches have similar views, combining the search for ways to maximize self-expression in the military profession and the optimal ways to organize professional activity to achieve success in the future. The concept of profession-oriented army coaching proposed by the author reflects the requirements for finding new approaches to the process of improving the professional training of military personnel, imposed by the modern training and combat process of the armed forces. The practical implementation of this concept became development and introduction of «Profession-oriented army coaching» teaching guide to the learning process of military universities of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The author sees the prospect of further work in the use of profession-oriented army coaching in the troops in organizing classes for the professional development of personnel.


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