scholarly journals Effectiveness of Child To Child Approach on Practice of Hand Washing Among School Children in a Selected School at Mangalore

2018 ◽  
Vol 08 (01) ◽  
pp. 15-21
Author(s):  
Smitha Mariam Mathew ◽  
Sujatha R.
Keyword(s):  
Primary School ◽  
School Children ◽  
Test Score ◽  
Peer Group ◽  
Rural School ◽  
Hand Washing ◽  
P Value ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Group I ◽  
Post Test

Abstract Objective: Effectiveness of child to child approach on practice of hand washing. Design: Quantitative evaluative research approach & pre experimental - One group pre-test post-test design was used. Setting: This study was conducted in a selected rural school (Aided higher primary school, Pavoor- Harekala) at Mangalore. Participants: The populations covered were school children in the age group 9-10 years who met the inclusion criteria and studying in a rural school at Mangalore. 75 students from Aided higher primary school within the age 9-10 years and studying in 4th to 5th class were selected by using purposive sampling. Main outcome measures: Main outcome measure was whether the school children are able to practice the hand washing technique. Data collection was collected by using Demographic proforma and Checklist (to assess the practice of hand washing). Results: Data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The mean post-test score on hand washing of group 1 (12.46) and group 2 (12.05) was higher as compared with pre-test score of group I (12.46) and group II (12.05) and the “p” value is <0.05. So the child to child approach was effective to teach the children hand washing technique. There was no association between the selected demographic variables and pre-test hand washing scores Conclusions: This study concludes that through proper training and motivation by peer group, that is child to child approach was an effective method to teach the children healthy habits like hand washing and other common issues concerning children.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Near Peer Learning on Knowledge and Habit Making Regarding Prevention of Water Borne Diseases among Primary School Children – A Pilot Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 34-41
Author(s):  
Rupa Ashok Verma ◽  
Archana Maurya
Keyword(s):  
Primary School ◽  
School Children ◽  
Peer Learning ◽  
Hand Washing ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Waterborne Diseases ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Water Borne

Near peer learning is an educational practice in which children interact with  their peers or friends attain educational objectives. In simpler terms children involved in this type of learning are seniors and juniors of the same school or college. Learners are more comfortable and relaxed, and ready to learn when teacher is their peer, whom they know and understand. At the same time, it develops communication skill, leadership skills and confidence of public dealings in the teacher peer.  In recent days, near peer teaching and learning becoming popular as learning methodology in schools and colleges. It involves students exposed to similar circumstances, from same educational programme, but at different levels. Research question of the study is ‘Is Near Peer learning effective on improving knowledge and habit making regarding prevention of waterborne diseases among primary school children?’ This study was carried out systematically to assess the effectiveness of structured Near Peer learning, where a senior student teaches regarding prevention of waterborne diseases to junior students. Here the subject selected for structured near peer learning is “prevention of waterborne diseases”. Elder children of age group 13-14 years taught their near peers of age group 9-10 years, regarding prevention of waterborne diseases with special attention on improving personal hygiene and hand hygiene. The researcher assessed the effectiveness of structured Near peer learning regarding prevention of water borne diseases, in increasing the knowledge and improving the habits related to Personal hygiene and Hand washing, among primary school children. An evaluative research approach with one group pre test post test design was adopted.  In the study, 4 students of 13-14 years age group were selected and researcher taught them regarding prevention of waterborne diseases. 40 primary school children of age group 9-12 years, constituting both boys and girls were also selected through convenient sampling technique. Then one elder child taught 10 younger children regarding same. Pretest and post test done. The questionnaire used were, demographic proforma, knowledge questionnaire, and checklist. Mean pretest was 9.925 and mean post test knowledge was 15.6 Mean pretest for practice was 33.5 and mean post test for practice was 42.07. Hand washing mean pretest practice score was 7.075 and post test was 10.095. There was significant association between pre test scores regarding knowledge and practice and education of child, occupation of father and age of child. P_value<0.005.

FAKTOR-FAKTOR PENYEBAB GAKY DAN HUBUNGANNYA DENGAN STATUS GIZI ANAK SEKOLAH DASAR NEGERI 36 SINGGALANG TANAH DATAR

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 200
Author(s):  
RAHMITA YANTI
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Primary School ◽  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Iodine Deficiency ◽  
School Children ◽  
Iodine Intake ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
Iodine Deficiency Disorder ◽  
P Value

The main nutritional problems facing the Indonesian government one of Iodine deficiency disorders (IDD). West Sumatra province found the prevalence of enlarged adenoids school children is still high which ranges from 12% -44,1% and Total Goiter Rate also high in the coastal region. This study aims to determine the factors cause iodine deficiency disorder (IDD) and relationship to nutritional status of primary school children 36 Singgalang Tanah Datar.This type of research is Case Control. The study population are the all of primary school children 36 Singgalang Tanah Datar, aged 9-12 years who suffered goiter examined palpation. The sample consisted of 30 cases and 30 controls. Sampling was done by purposive sampling technique. Data were processed using univariate, bivariate with chisquare test.The research results revealed there is relationship IDD to nutritional status of primary school children 36 Singgalang Tanah Datar (p = 0,034 (95% CI: 1,2 to 11,4)), an related of iodine intake (p = 0,016 (95% CI: 1,5 -14,4)), goitrogenik intake (p = 0,039 (95% CI: 1,2-9,9)), the quality of salt (p = 0,038 (95% CI: 1,2 to 10,2)), socioeconomic status (p = 0,02 (95% CI: 1,4-11,8), and the level of parents knowledge (p = 0,039 (95% CI: 1,2 to 9,9)) with iodine deficiency disorder. While variable which is not related to iodine deficiency disorder is the parents education level p = 0,77 (p value> 0,05)This study concluded that there is relationship IDD to nutritional status and there are relationship iodine intake, goitrogenik, salt quality, socioeconomic status, and level of knowledge of parent with iodine deficiency disorder. Need for nutrition counseling conducted by the health promotion officers regularly about the importance of the use of iodized salt for children's growth and nutrition education in the family menu processing so as to improve the nutritional status of children at the household levelKeywords : Iodine deficiency disorder, nutritional status, school children

scholarly journals Personal cell phones among children: attitudes of parents of primary school pupils

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
D Austys ◽  
A Sprudzanaitė ◽  
R Arlauskas ◽  
R Stukas
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Primary School ◽  
Mobile Phones ◽  
School Children ◽  
Cell Phones ◽  
Children's Health ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sexual Content ◽  
Primary School Pupils

Abstract Background A large number of primary school children have personal smartphones which enable them to communicate with lots of people and use social networks. However, social networking should not be accessible to primary school pupils due to existing age restrictions. Studies show that cell phones can be used to send offensive or sexual content to children or by them. This might have long-term effects on child's mental health and even provoke suicidal thoughts. While parents are able to control many aspects of children's life, we aimed to disclose parental attitudes towards use of mobile phones among children. Methods A total number of 619 parents of primary school children from middle-sized town of Lithuania participated in this study. Parents anonymously expressed their opinion to questions about personal cell phones usage among children. Distribution of participants was assessed according to social and demographic characteristics. Results Most of the respondents (79.8%) indicated that use of mobile phones might be harmful to children's health, 56.0% indicated that their children use social networks and every second child was registered by their parents (49.5%). Minority of the respondents (8.1%) thought that children (including children from other families) receive messages from strangers and communicate with them (2.1%). Similarly, very few of the respondents thought that children receive offensive (15.0%) or sexual (4.8%) content. Younger and lower educated parents registered their children to social networks more frequently (p-value less than 0.05). Lower educated parents more frequently indicated that offensive or sexual content can reach children via smartphones (p-value less than 0.05). Conclusions Majority of parents of primary school children thought that cell phones might be harmful to children's health but most of them did not pay attention to threats such as communication with strangers or transmission of sexual content. Key messages Only minority of parents of primary school children indicated communication with strangers or transmission of sexual content as threats induced by use of smartphones among children. Regardless that lower educated parents indicated awareness of content-related threats to children more frequently they registered their children to social networks more frequently as well.

scholarly journals Association of Heavy School Bags with Musculoskeletal Discomfort among Primary School Children of Islamabad, Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 358-364
Author(s):  
Humaira Khan ◽  
Hadiqa Adnan ◽  
Sara Qayyaum ◽  
Hajar Jamshaid ◽  
Rabiya Tahir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary School ◽  
Shoulder Pain ◽  
School Children ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Government Schools ◽  
Musculoskeletal Discomfort ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Secondary Damage

Background: Musculoskeletal disorders, an increasing concern among school going children, primarily affect muscles and tendons. They lead to secondary damage to nerves and joints in the neck, upper back, shoulders, arms, and hands, etc. The objective of this study was to determine the association of carrying heavy school bags with musculoskeletal discomfort among primary school children in government schools of Islamabad, Pakistan. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional survey was conducted in different government schools of Islamabad, Pakistan from June 2018 to November 2018. After an informed consent from parents, 377 healthy school going children aged 6-14 years were included in this study. Data was collected through Backpack Questionnaire. Chi square test was used to compare the frequency of musculoskeletal discomfort with demographic characteristics and backpack-related features. P-value less than .05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Mean age of the school children was 9.49 ± 1.53 years with 179 (46.9%) male and 203 (53.1%) female students. Majority of students (89.8%) were found with school bags more than 15% of their body weight. Shoulder pain was the most commonly reported complaint (67.3%). There was a significant association between pain and perceived backpack weight (P=.001), and between pain and self-perceived posture (P=.001). Leaning forward (66.2%) was the most commonly adopted posture followed by leaning sideways (15.4%) and stooping (2.9%), respectively. The association between pain and duration of carrying backpack from home to school was insignificant (P=.055) in contrast to pain and duration of carrying bag from school to home (P=.007), respectively. Conclusions: Musculoskeletal discomfort was found commonly among primary school children with shoulder pain being the most frequent, as maximum students were carrying heavy school bags.

scholarly journals Educational intervention to improve the knowledge of hand hygiene in pediatric residents and nurses

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Faheem Afzal ◽  
Muhammad Haroon Hamid ◽  
Azra Parveen ◽  
Asif Hanif
Keyword(s):  
Hand Hygiene ◽  
Educational Intervention ◽  
Test Score ◽  
P Value ◽  
Practical Training ◽  
Pretest Score ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pediatric Residents ◽  
Post Test

Objectives: To assess the improvement in the knowledge of hand hygiene in Pediatric residents and nurses after theoretical and hands-on educational intervention Methods: This study was a questionnaire‑based cross‑sectional survey carried out in the department of Pediatrics, King Edward Medical University/ Mayo hospital Lahore in two weeks period. Total 41 Pediatrics residents and nurses, participated in the study. Initially a pretest questionnaire was given to each participant, followed by an educational intervention: a day’s worth of didactic lectures and practical training of practices for infection control. After two weeks, an identical post-test questionnaire was sent to the participants via email. Data were statistically analyzed through SPSS 22. Z test was applied to see the normality of data while paired t test was applied to compare the pretest score with posttest score. Results: Of 41 participants who attended the workshop, 34 participants responded to post‑test giving an overall response rate of 83%. Out of 34, there were 27(80%) doctors and 7(20%) nurses, who participated in workshop. Each item of the questionnaire was analyzed, showing that pretest score for questions related to indication for hand washing, minimum timings required for hand rub, and spread of infection from unclean hands was quite low, as compared to post-test score, indicating statistically significant increment (p value 0.000, 0.001and 0.046 respectively). Mean pre-test score for doctors was 3.22 while for nurses, it was 3.14, whereas post-test score was 4.51 and 4.00 for doctors and nurses respectively. Overall, there was statistically significant increase in knowledge after educational intervention. Conclusion: There is statistically significant impact of educational intervention on improving the knowledge of Pediatric residents and nurses with respect to hand hygiene practices. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.3.388 How to cite this:Afzal MF, Hamid MH, Parveen A, Hanif A. Educational intervention to improve the knowledge of hand hygiene in pediatric residents and nurses. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(3):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.3.388 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

scholarly journals Aplikasi Simple Hand Washing Station terhadap Perilaku Cuci Tangan dalam Pencegahan Penularan Covid-19 di Desa Dilem Kecamatan Kepanjen

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-216
Author(s):  
Yuyud Wahyudi ◽  
Lilis Sulistiya Nengrum ◽  
Icca Presilia Anggreyanti
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Research ◽  
Hand Washing ◽  
P Value ◽  
Test Design ◽  
Paired Sample ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Many ◽  
Global Threat

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a pandemic that is now a global threat where this virus causes many people to die every day in various countries, one of which is Indonesia, this disease is caused by SARS-CoV-2. The many impacts caused by COVID-19 make Simple Handwashing Station (SHS) one of the prevention efforts that can build proper handwashing behavior. Based on the results of research conducted from 13-18 April 2020 which is divided into 4 strategic points in Dilem Village. This study uses a Quasi-experimental research design with a One Group Pre Post-test design approach with a sample of residents of Dilem Village precisely RT 5 and 6 RW 1 Lemah Dhuwur. The analysis technique uses Paired Sample T-Test with the results that show that there is an influence of the application of simple handwashing station on the proper handwashing behavior of the residents of Dilem Village with a P-value <0.05, based on these results it can be concluded that there is an effect of the application of simple hand washing station for handwashing behavior in preventing COVID-19 transmission in Dilem Village Kepanjen District, with this result it is expected to be able to add a simple handwashing station in several other strategic points in Dilem Village in COVID-19 prevention.

scholarly journals Efektifitas Community Education System (CUBES) dengan Pendekatan Peer Group Education terhadap Kemampuan Bystander CPR

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-192
Author(s):  
Nove Lestari ◽  
Vela Purnamasari
Keyword(s):  
Education System ◽  
Community Education ◽  
Peer Group ◽  
T Test ◽  
P Value ◽  
Group Education ◽  
Probability Sampling ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Bystander Cpr

Latar Belakang dan Tujuan: Kejadian henti jantung ditandai dengan tidak adanya tanda – tanda sirkulasi seringkali ditemukan terjadi diluar rumah sakit yang membutuhkan pertolongan pertama dari orang – orang yang berada di sekitar korban (Bystander). Community Education System (CUBES) dengan pendekatan Peer Group Education merupakan pemberian pendidikan kesehatan yang diberikan  sasaran dengan jumlah yang banyak dengan karakteristik sasaran yang hampir sama, yang dilaksanakan secara kontinue dan dalam periode tertentu yang dalam rentang waktu yang telah direncanakan tersebut ada evaluasi hasil secara berkala.  Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui adayaitu sejumlah 8 respondenbulannya efektifitas Cubes dengan pendekatan peer grup education terhadap kemampuan bystander CPR. Metode: Metode penelitian yang digunakan quasy eksperiment melalui pendekatan  Pre dan Post Test Without Control dengan teknik Non Probability Sampling tipe Purposive Sampling dengan populasi 41 orang dan didapatkan sejumlah 8 responden. Hasil: Dari hasil uji T-Test berpasangan tersebut didapatkan hasil Significancy  0,000 dimana nilai p-value 0,05. Simpulan dan Implikasi: Terdapat perbedaan rerata kemampuan responden dalam melakukan CPR  yang bermakna sebelum dan sesudah dilakukan intervensi Community Education System (CUBES) dengan pendekatan Peer Group. Diharapkan masyarakat selaku bystander CPR lebih berinsiatif serta berperan serta dalam pemberian bantuan hidup dasar kepada pasien henti jantung sehingga komplikasi bisa diminimalisir.

scholarly journals Prevalence Study of Ocular Morbidity among Primary School Children in Delhi Area

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-45
Author(s):  
Sridhara Reddy ◽  
Gurunadh Satyanarayana Velamakanni ◽  
Shailesh Mogra
Keyword(s):  
Primary School ◽  
School Children ◽  
Refractive Error ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
Prevalence Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Group I ◽  
Ocular Morbidity ◽  
Group 5

ABSTRACT Aim To estimate the prevalence of ocular morbidity among primary school children in Delhi area. Materials and methods This was a descriptive cross-sectional study. The study was conducted among primary school children of age group 5–12 years in Delhi area. A total of 1,100 school-going children were evaluated. After questionnaire administration, visual acuity, examination of anterior and posterior segment structures of the eyes of the children were carried out. For the statistical analysis, children were divided into three groups: group I (5–7 years), group II (8–10 years), and group III ((<12 years) based on age. Results A total of 1,100 school children (625 boys and 475 girls) participated in the study. A total of 282 (25.6%) children had visual impairment and 315 (28.6%) children had ocular morbidities. The common ocular morbidities identified were refractive error 25.6%, color vision defective 0.9%, convergence defect 1.8%, and squint 0.2%. The older age group (8–10 years) had a higher prevalence of refractive error, especially myopia, compared to the younger age group (5–7 years) and group ((<12 years) (p < 0.001). Conclusion A high prevalence of ocular morbidity among school children of age group 8–10 years was observed. Refractive errors were the most common ocular disorders. This study emphasized that a simple school visual screening program is effective for the early detection of ocular problems. How to cite this article Reddy S, Velamakanni GS, Mogra S. Prevalence Study of Ocular Morbidity among Primary School Children in Delhi Area. J Med Acad 2020;3(2):43–45.

scholarly journals Factors Related to Soil Transmitted Helminth Infection on Primary School Children

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-61
Author(s):  
Liena Sofiana ◽  
Mayang Sumira Jewana Kelen
Keyword(s):  
Primary School ◽  
School Children ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Hand Washing ◽  
Test Results ◽  
School Students ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Bowel Habits ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

ABSTRACT Infeksi Soil Transmitted Helminth (STH) is the third ranks of the top 10 common infectious diseases in the world with an incidence rate of about 1.4 billion per year. The incidence of STH in Indonesia is still quite high. This figure occurs in primary school students of 60-80%, while for all ages of 40% -60%. The purpose of this study was to determine factors related to STH infection in elementary school children at primary school of Moyudan Sleman. The type of research used was analytic observational with the cross-sectional design. The population in this study were all students of class I, II, and III in Moyudan Sleman primary school with total sampling technique of 60 respondents. Data analysis used chi-square. The test results showed that the habit of hand washing before eating (sig= 0.010; RP= 3.850), the habit of hand washing  after defecating(sig= 0.007; RP= 4.571), nail hygiene (sig= 0.179; RP= 2.138), the habit of wearing footwear (sig= 0.008; RP= 3.714), and bowel habits (sig= 0.004; RP= 4.000). It can be concluded that there was a relationship between hand washing before eating, hand washing after defecating, the habit of wearing footwear, bowel habits and STH infection on the students of Moyudan Sleman primary school but there was no relationship between nail hygiene and STH infection. ABSTRAK Infeksi Soil Transmitted Helminth (STH) adalah penyakit yang menempati urutan ketiga dari 10 penyakit menular di dunia dengan tingkat kejadian sekitar 1,4 miliar per tahun. Insiden STH di Indonesia masih cukup tinggi. Angka tersebut terjadi pada siswa di sekolah dasar mencapai 60-80%, sedangkan untuk semua usia berkisar antara 40%-60%. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor yang berhubungan dengan infeksi STH pada anak sekolah dasar di SD Negeri Moyudan Sleman. Penelitian ini adalah observasional analitik dengan rancangan cross sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah semua siswa kelas I, II, dan III di SD Moyudan Sleman dengan teknik total sampling yaitu 60 responden. Analisis data menggunakan uji chi-squre. Hasil uji menunjukkan bahwa mencuci tangan sebelum makan (sig= 0,010; RP= 3,850), mencuci tangan setelah buang air besar (sig= 0,007; RP= 4,571), kebersihan kuku (sig= 0,179; RP= 2,138), kebiasaan memakai alas kaki (sig= 0,008; RP= 3,714), dan perilaku buang air besar (sig= 0,004; RP= 4,000). Disimpulkan bahwa ada hubungan antara mencuci tangan sebelum makan, mencuci tangan setelah BAB, kebiasaan memakai alas kaki, dan perilaku buang air besar dengan infeksi STH pada anak-anak sekolah dasar  Moyudan Sleman, sementara kebersihan kuku tidak memiliki hubungan dengan infeksi STH. Kata kunci: Infeksi STH, faktor risiko, sekolah dasar ABSTRACT Infeksi Soil Transmitted Helminth (STH) is the third ranks of the top 10 common infectious diseases in the world with an incidence rate of about 1.4 billion per year. The incidence of STH in Indonesia is still quite high. This figure occurs in primary school students of 60-80%, while for all ages of 40% -60%. The purpose of this study was to determine factors related to STH infection in elementary school children at primary school of Moyudan Sleman. The type of research used was analytic observational with the cross-sectional design. The population in this study were all students of class I, II, and III in Moyudan Sleman primary school with total sampling technique of 60 respondents. Data analysis used chi-square. The test results showed that the habit of hand washing before eating (sig= 0.010; RP= 3.850), the habit of hand washing  after defecating(sig= 0.007; RP= 4.571), nail hygiene (sig= 0.179; RP= 2.138), the habit of wearing footwear (sig= 0.008; RP= 3.714), and bowel habits (sig= 0.004; RP= 4.000). It can be concluded that there was a relationship between hand washing before eating, hand washing after defecating, the habit of wearing footwear, bowel habits and STH infection on the students of Moyudan Sleman primary school but there was no relationship between nail hygiene and STH infection.  

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