Erratic hyperaccumulation of nickel, with particular reference to the Queensland serpentine endemic Pimelea leptospermoides

2015 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger D. Reeves ◽  
W. Scott Laidlaw ◽  
Augustine Doronila ◽  
Alan J. M. Baker ◽  
(the late) George N. Batianoff
Keyword(s):  
Soil Ph ◽  
Geographic Range ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Ultramafic Soils ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Total Soil ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Soil Metal ◽  
Very High ◽  
Ni Accumulation

Many hyperaccumulators of nickel (Ni) are endemic to ultramafic soils and always show very high Ni concentrations. Others occur on a variety of substrates but accumulate high Ni from the ultramafic ones. Pimelea leptospermoides is unusual in being an ultramafic endemic that shows a very wide range of Ni concentrations. The present work sought to establish the factors governing the wide variation in Ni uptake by P. leptospermoides, and aimed to investigate the likelihood of this variation originating from plant differences or soil differences. Multiple paired plant and soil samples were taken over the geographic range of occurrence of P. leptospermoides. Plant and soil metal concentrations and soil pH were measured. No evidence was found to suggest that the plants belong to populations with inherent ‘high-Ni’ and ‘low-Ni’ accumulation capability. Instead, the soil pH (covering a range from 6.0 to 8.3) and the total soil Ni concentrations of the ultramafic soils were found to be the major influences on the level of Ni accumulation. The wide variation observed in Ni accumulation by P. leptospermoides from ultramafic soils can be explained by a combination of variations in soil pH and total soil Ni concentrations.

scholarly journals Status of soil properties in relationship with soil pH in Madhupur tract of Tangail district in Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 282-287
Author(s):  
U Kumar ◽  
H Rashid ◽  
NH Tithi ◽  
MY Mia
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
The Status ◽  
June July ◽  
Zn Status ◽  
Very High ◽  
N Status

The study was intended to investigate the status of soil properties and its relation to soil pH in Madhupur tract soil of Tangail district, Bangladesh. Thirty soil samples were collected during the period from June-July, 2016 covering four types of land as high land, medium high land, medium low land and low land. The interpretative data showed that the range of pH was strongly acidic to slightly acidic (5.27- 5.90), mean pH was slightly acidic (5.61). The organic matter (OM) status was medium (2.11 to 2.33 %) and mean OM was medium (2.24 %). The Nitrogen (N) status was low (0.11 to 0.13 %) and mean N status was medium (0.12 %). The range of the Phosphorus (P) status was found very low to medium (1.63 to 11.06 µg g-1 soil) and mean P status was medium (7.37 µg g-1 soil). The Potassium (K) status was low to very high (0.15 to 0.75meq/100 g soil) and mean K status was low (0.18 meq/100 g soil). The range of the Sulfur (S) status was found from low to medium (11.73 to 16.31 µg g-1 soil), mean S status was low (13.26 µg g-1 soil). The range of the Zinc (Zn) status was found from medium to high (0.96 to 2.23 µg g-1 soil), mean Zn status was optimum (1.55 µg g-1 soil). The range of the Boron (B) status was found from medium to very high (0.39 to 0.86 µg g-1 soil), mean B status was high (0.73 µg g-1 soil). The Calcium (Ca) status was medium to optimum (4.42 to 5.23meq/100 g soil), mean Ca status was optimum (4.83 meq/100 g soil). The Magnesium (Mg) status was optimum to high (1.21 to 1.75meq/100 g soil), mean Mg status was optimum (1.37 meq/100 g soil). No significant correlation of OM and other nutrients with pH. Progressive Agriculture 30 (3): 282-287, 2019

scholarly journals Forced Biomineralization: A Review

Biomimetics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
Hermann Ehrlich ◽  
Elizabeth Bailey ◽  
Marcin Wysokowski ◽  
Teofil Jesionowski
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Dissolved Metals ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Ion Concentrations ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Aqueous Environments ◽  
Protective Structures ◽  
Very High

Biologically induced and controlled mineralization of metals promotes the development of protective structures to shield cells from thermal, chemical, and ultraviolet stresses. Metal biomineralization is widely considered to have been relevant for the survival of life in the environmental conditions of ancient terrestrial oceans. Similar behavior is seen among extremophilic biomineralizers today, which have evolved to inhabit a variety of industrial aqueous environments with elevated metal concentrations. As an example of extreme biomineralization, we introduce the category of "forced biomineralization," which we use to refer to the biologically mediated sequestration of dissolved metals and metalloids into minerals. We discuss forced mineralization as it is known to be carried out by a variety of organisms, including polyextremophiles in a range of psychrophilic, thermophilic, anaerobic, alkaliphilic, acidophilic, and halophilic conditions, as well as in environments with very high or toxic metal ion concentrations. While much additional work lies ahead to characterize the various pathways by which these biominerals form, forced biomineralization has been shown to provide insights for the progression of extreme biomimetics, allowing for promising new forays into creating the next generation of composites using organic-templating approaches under biologically extreme laboratory conditions relevant to a wide range of industrial conditions.

scholarly journals Metal‐rich soils increase tropical tree stoichiometric distinctiveness

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liam A. Trethowan ◽  
Benjamin Blonder ◽  
Endang Kintamani ◽  
Deden Girmansyah ◽  
Timothy M. A. Utteridge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Forests ◽  
Niche Differentiation ◽  
Ultramafic Soils ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Extreme Phenotypes ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Leaf Stoichiometry ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Stressful Environments ◽  
Soil Metal

Abstract Background and aims Ultramafic soils have high metal concentrations, offering a key opportunity to understand if such metals are strong predictors of leaf stoichiometry. This is particularly relevant for tropical forests where large knowledge gaps exist. Methods On the tropical island of Sulawesi, Indonesia, we sampled forests on sand, limestone, mafic and ultramafic soils that present a range of soil metal concentrations. We asked how variation in 12 soil elements (metals and macronutrients) influenced leaf stoichiometry and whether stoichiometric distinctiveness (the average difference between a species and all others in a multivariate space, the axes of which are the concentrations of each leaf element) is influenced by increasing soil metal concentrations. Results Positive correlations between corresponding elements in soils and leaves were only found for Ca and P. Noticeably, soil Cr had a negative effect upon leaf P. Whilst most species had low stoichiometric distinctiveness, some species had greater distinctiveness on stressful metal-rich ultramafic soils, generally caused by the accumulation of Al, Co, Cr or Ni. Conclusions Our observation of increased stoichiometric distinctiveness in tropical forests on ultramafic soils indicates greater niche differentiation, and contrasts with the assumption that stressful environments remove species with extreme phenotypes.

scholarly journals PEMETAAN STATUS HARA P, pH dan C organik TANAH SAWAH DI DESA HILIBADALU KECAMATAN SOGAEADU KABUPATEN NIAS

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 240-251
Author(s):  
Charlan B Lombu
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Total Phosphate ◽  
Grid Survey ◽  
Detailed Level ◽  
Very High ◽  
Available Phosphate

The purpose of this research is to survey and mapping nutrient status of total phosphate, available phosphate, soil pH and organic carbon at paddy fields Hilibadalu Village Sogaeadu District Nias Regency and its influence on rice production. Soil samples were analyzed at the Analytical Laboratory of PT Socfindo Indonesia North Sumatera Province. Which began in October to December 2016. The method used is the Free Grid Survey semi-detailed level survey and analysis of nutrient data total phosphate by Acid destruction method (HClO4), available phosphate by Bray II method, soil pH by H2O extraction and organic carbon by Walkley & black method and then interpret to the map nutrient status. The result of research showing that status total phosphate classified by 3 statuses such as medium (81,59 ha), high (81,15 ha) and very high (27,26 ha). Available phosphate classified in 3 nutrient status such as very low (39,11 ha), low (137,40 ha) and medium (13,49 ha). Soil pH classified into 2 statuses such as moderately acidic (30,16 ha) and strongly acidic (159,84 ha). Organic carbon classified by 3 nutrient statuses such as very low (3,06 ha), low (135,84 ha) and medium (51,10 ha). Available phosphate and organic carbon affect rice production in Hilibadalu Village Sogaeadu District Nias Regency.

TEM study of boron additions to cobalt aluminide

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 546-547
Author(s):  
Gerald B. Feldewerth
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Turbine Engines ◽  
Major Drawback ◽  
University Of Missouri ◽  
Specific Strength ◽  
Aerospace Applications ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Ordered Alloys ◽  
The University ◽  
Very High

In recent years an increasing emphasis has been placed on the study of high temperature intermetallic compounds for possible aerospace applications. One group of interest is the B2 aiuminides. This group of intermetaliics has a very high melting temperature, good high temperature, and excellent specific strength. These qualities make it a candidate for applications such as turbine engines. The B2 aiuminides exist over a wide range of compositions and also have a large solubility for third element substitutional additions, which may allow alloying additions to overcome their major drawback, their brittle nature.One B2 aluminide currently being studied is cobalt aluminide. Optical microscopy of CoAl alloys produced at the University of Missouri-Rolla showed a dramatic decrease in the grain size which affects the yield strength and flow stress of long range ordered alloys, and a change in the grain shape with the addition of 0.5 % boron.

Features of the Christian values ​​system

2004 ◽  
pp. 21-29
Author(s):  
G.V. Pyrog
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
Religious Beliefs ◽  
Religious Values ◽  
Direct Influence ◽  
Moral Norms ◽  
Value System ◽  
Christian Religion ◽  
Mass Consciousness ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Very High

In domestic scientific and public opinion, interest in religion as a new worldview paradigm is very high. Today's attention to the Christian religion in our society is connected, in our opinion, with the specificity of its value system, which distinguishes it from other forms of consciousness: the idea of ​​God, the absolute, the eternity of moral norms. That is why its historical forms do not receive accurate characteristics and do not matter in the mass consciousness. Modern religious beliefs do not always arise as a result of the direct influence of church preaching. The emerging religious values ​​are absorbed in a wide range of philosophical, artistic, ethical ideas, acting as a compensation for what is generally defined as spirituality. At the same time, the appeal to Christian values ​​became very popular.

DURCOMET 100

Alloy Digest ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Corrosion And Wear ◽  
Annealed Condition ◽  
Excellent Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Very High

Abstract Durcomet 100 is an improved version of Alloy CD-4 MCu with better corrosion and wear resistance. The alloy is used in the annealed condition and possesses excellent corrosion resistance over a wide range of corrosion environments. Mechanical strength is also very high. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, and tensile properties as well as fracture toughness. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as heat treating and joining. Filing Code: SS-540. Producer or source: Duriron Company Inc.

Influencia de las condiciones de secado solar en la coloración de plantas medicinales

2019 ◽  
pp. 28-34
Author(s):  
Margarita Castillo-Téllez ◽  
Beatriz Castillo-Téllez ◽  
Juan Carlos Ovando-Sierra ◽  
Luz María Hernández-Cruz
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Forced Convection ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Color Change ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Scientific Medicine ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Bacterial Proliferation ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Very High

For millennia, humans have used hundreds of medicinal plants to treat diseases. Currently, many species with important characteristics are known to alleviate a wide range of health problems, mainly in rural areas, where the use of these resources is very high, even replacing scientific medicine almost completely. This paper presents the dehydration of medicinal plants that are grown in the State of Campeche through direct and indirect solar technologies in order to evaluate the influence of air flow and temperature on the color of the final product through the L* a* scale. b*, analyzing the activity of water and humidity during the drying process. The experimental results showed that the direct solar dryer with forced convection presents a little significant color change in a drying time of 400 min on average, guaranteeing the null bacterial proliferation and reaching a final humidity between 9 % and 11 %.

scholarly journals Separate Universe calibration of the dependence of halo bias on cosmic web anisotropy

2020 ◽  
Vol 499 (3) ◽  
pp. 4418-4431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sujatha Ramakrishnan ◽  
Aseem Paranjape
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
High Precision ◽  
Gaussian Distribution ◽  
Initial Perturbation ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Web Environment ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Galaxy Assembly ◽  
Very High ◽  
Good Agreement

ABSTRACT We use the Separate Universe technique to calibrate the dependence of linear and quadratic halo bias b1 and b2 on the local cosmic web environment of dark matter haloes. We do this by measuring the response of halo abundances at fixed mass and cosmic web tidal anisotropy α to an infinite wavelength initial perturbation. We augment our measurements with an analytical framework developed in earlier work that exploits the near-lognormal shape of the distribution of α and results in very high precision calibrations. We present convenient fitting functions for the dependence of b1 and b2 on α over a wide range of halo mass for redshifts 0 ≤ z ≤ 1. Our calibration of b2(α) is the first demonstration to date of the dependence of non-linear bias on the local web environment. Motivated by previous results that showed that α is the primary indicator of halo assembly bias for a number of halo properties beyond halo mass, we then extend our analytical framework to accommodate the dependence of b1 and b2 on any such secondary property that has, or can be monotonically transformed to have, a Gaussian distribution. We demonstrate this technique for the specific case of halo concentration, finding good agreement with previous results. Our calibrations will be useful for a variety of halo model analyses focusing on galaxy assembly bias, as well as analytical forecasts of the potential for using α as a segregating variable in multitracer analyses.

scholarly journals Modelling the atmosphere of lava planet K2-141b: implications for low- and high-resolution spectroscopy

2020 ◽  
Vol 499 (4) ◽  
pp. 4605-4612
Author(s):  
T Giang Nguyen ◽  
Nicolas B Cowan ◽  
Agnibha Banerjee ◽  
John E Moores
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Ocean Circulation ◽  
Scale Height ◽  
High Resolution Spectroscopy ◽  
Return Flow ◽  
High Dispersion ◽  
Magma Ocean ◽  
Steady State Flow ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Very High

ABSTRACT Transit searches have uncovered Earth-size planets orbiting so close to their host star that their surface should be molten, so-called lava planets. We present idealized simulations of the atmosphere of lava planet K2-141b and calculate the return flow of material via circulation in the magma ocean. We then compare how pure Na, SiO, or SiO2 atmospheres would impact future observations. The more volatile Na atmosphere is thickest followed by SiO and SiO2, as expected. Despite its low vapour pressure, we find that a SiO2 atmosphere is easier to observe via transit spectroscopy due to its greater scale height near the day–night terminator and the planetary radial velocity and acceleration are very high, facilitating high dispersion spectroscopy. The special geometry that arises from very small orbits allows for a wide range of limb observations for K2-141b. After determining the magma ocean depth, we infer that the ocean circulation required for SiO steady-state flow is only 10−4 m s−1, while the equivalent return flow for Na is several orders of magnitude greater. This suggests that a steady-state Na atmosphere cannot be sustained and that the surface will evolve over time.

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