scholarly journals Study on electric pulse destruction of diseased nematodes

2021 ◽  
Vol 939 (1) ◽  
pp. 012013
Author(s):  
N T Tashpulatov ◽  
R A Zakhidov
Keyword(s):  
Electric Current ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Electric Pulse ◽  
Cellular Structures ◽  
Electric Discharges ◽  
Vital Activity ◽  
Technological Method ◽  
Stems And Leaves ◽  
Plant Sap

Abstract The article presents the results of research on the use of electric discharges of current for the destruction of worms, larvae and galls of pathogenic nematodes. Nematodes consisting of round worms in the process of their vital activity penetrates the roots, stems and leaves of the plant, disrupting the integrity of tissues, cells and cellular structures, feeding on plant sap leads to lagging behind growth and development, contributes to the spread of various diseases, causes rot and infection. They can be found even in fruits and seeds of plants. Most often, worms form a kind of swelling growth in the roots, in the stems in the leaves and in the fruits, the growths of which are called galls. When unfavorable conditions arise, they move at an accelerated rate in the soil, maintaining their vitality. Therefore, their destruction using well-known methods such as agro technical, thermal biological, chemical, etc. is laborious and ineffective. The article describes an alternative electro technological method for the destruction of nematodes using electric current discharges, which provides the required destruction effect at the lowest cost.

scholarly journals Study on the Effect of Cu (II) and Zn (II) on the Accumulation of Pb (II) from Soil to the Biomass of Vegetable

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Le Thi Thanh Tran ◽  
Le Van Luan ◽  
Tran Quang Hieu ◽  
Le Van Tan
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Industrial Processes ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Metal Pollutants ◽  
Inhibition Effect ◽  
Copper And Zinc ◽  
Stems And Leaves ◽  
Effect Of Copper

Among soil pollutants, lead (Pb) is one of the toxic metal pollutants widely used in many industrial processes and occurs as a contaminant in environment. In this study, a field experiment was carried out to investigate the accumulation of lead from soil contaminated by this metal ion on the biomass of some vegetables, including spinach, lettuce, carrots, and potatoes. The results showed that lead was cumulative metal. Besides, the level of lead accumulation in soil of the studied vegetables decreased in the order of tubers of carrots, tubers of potato, spinach root, lettuce root, stems and leaves of spinach, stem and leaves of carrot, stems and leaves of potato, and stem and leaves of lettuce, respectively. Our investigations demonstrate the effect of copper and zinc micronutrient elements which play an important role in the growth and development of plants, on the accumulation of lead from contaminated soil of the studied vegetables. The obtained results showed that high concentration of copper and zinc in soil cause competition with lead in the process of absorption and accumulation in the plant. Specifically, copper and zinc showed the inhibition effect on the uptake and accumulation of lead by these plants.

scholarly journals Improving the performance parameters of railway wheels with the help of optimal design technologies of their electric pulse processing

2019 ◽  
Vol 294 ◽  
pp. 05004
Author(s):  
Igor Vakulenko ◽  
Nickolay Kuzin ◽  
Leonid Vakulenko ◽  
Sergey Raksha ◽  
Svetlana Proidak
Keyword(s):  
Electric Current ◽  
Electric Pulse ◽  
Cold Deformation ◽  
Metal Structure ◽  
Performance Parameters ◽  
Railway Wheel ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Pulse Processing ◽  
Rolling Surface ◽  
Railway Wheels

The processing by pulses of electric current (PEC) of a fragment of the rim of a railway wheel was carried out on the DS10D equipment. When the density of the electric current is from 3 to 17 A/mm2, the processing cycle consisted of the action of a pulse with a duration of 2.5-3 s and a pause between pulses of 4 s. After 150 cycles of PEC, the hardness of cold-formed metal was reduced from 10 to 20%. Studies of the parameters of the metal structure of the wheels have determined that the processing of PEC leads to a decrease in the number of defects in the internal structure, which are accumulated as a result of cold deformation of the rim along the rolling surface of the railway wheel. It has been established that, according to the nature of the influence on the hardness distribution of carbon steel, the PEC treatment corresponds to changes during tempering in the average temperature range and allows to significantly increase the operating parameters of the wheels of railway equipment.

scholarly journals Using Electric Current as a Weed Control Method

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Hasan Sahin ◽  
Mehmet Yalınkılıc
Keyword(s):  
Electric Current ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Electric Circuit ◽  
The Body ◽  
Vital Activity ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Chemical Methods ◽  
Important Place

Weed struggle has an important place in agricultural production. The widespread use of chemicals in this struggle is due to its easy applicability, its short-term results, and its economic efficiency. However, the negative effects of these chemicals on the environment and human health have been recognized, and the interest in non-chemical struggle methods has also increased. One of the non-chemical methods of struggle is using electric energy. In this work, which is carried out by passing the electric current through the plant, it is aimed that ended the vital activity of weed (cress), as a result of electric current flowing through it. The experimental setup prepared for use in operation consists of a voltage regulator with 1-300 V steps and copper conductors which will contact the plants. In the experiments, weed seeds germinated under suitable conditions were placed on the board to complete the electric circuit and the circuit was completed by passing current through the plants that the copper conductor tips contacted. As a result of the experiments, plants were observed to lose their vitality about 70% when 100 volts of electricity was applied over the body for 300, 420 and 540 seconds. On the other hand, when electric energy was applied as 200 volts and 300 volts for 300, 420, and 540 seconds, respectively, the vital activity of the plants close to 100% was ended.

scholarly journals Operating Parameters of Electric Pulse Activation for Internal Tapping-Screw Operations and its Justification

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 122-133
Author(s):  
Berezin Sergey Ya. ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Current ◽  
Pulse Current ◽  
Electric Pulse ◽  
Pulse Action ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Thread Cutting ◽  
Dislocation Interaction ◽  
Physical Phenomena ◽  
Pulse Stimulation ◽  
Stimulation Of

The processes of intensification of thread-cutting opera-tions by electric current have been known since the 70s of the last century. Internal threading operations are associated with the mechanism of plastic deformation, and, accordingly, with high values of forces and torques. This reduces the reliability of the process and requires additional measures to reduce power ten-sion. The use of the energy of short stimulating current pulses makes it possible to solve such problems due to the so-called electro-plastic effect (EPE). It is manifested due to additional stresses that cause an increase in the plasticity of metals in the presence of an electric potential and a temperature field in the de-formation center. At present, there is still no clear understanding of the phys-ical processes that determine the change in the VAT of a metal when an electric current is passed. The article presents an analysis of information in this area, which allows us to establish a number of physical phenomena, which are formed into three theories that explain the essence of EPE in metals: electron-dislocation interaction, joule heating, and magnetoplasticity. A description of experiments and equipment for electro-pulse stimulation of the threading operation is presented. The author offers a number of indicators that evaluate the possibilities of electric pulse action on the formation of internal threads when rolling threads, screwing thread-pressing parts, etc. A system of calculated coefficients evaluating the efficiency of the pulse current, its parameters and modes is established.

Electrotechnology as One of the Most Advanced Branches in the Agricultural Production Development

2018 ◽  
pp. 149-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viktor Ivanovich Baev ◽  
Igor Viktorovich Yudaev ◽  
Vladimir Aleksandrovich Petrukhin ◽  
Ivan Viktorovich Baev ◽  
Petr Victorovich Prokofyev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Electric Current ◽  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Plant Growth And Development ◽  
Tobacco Plants ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Crop Farming ◽  
Weeds Control

This chapter describes how electric current is the main electrotechnological working tool in crop farming. It can initiate the plant growth and development or it can suppress, damage and destroy them. The stimulating electrotechnology example involves the electrical stimulation of ligneous plants allowing grafting survivability and growth. Alternatively, the suppressing and damaging current influence is vividly illustrated by the electro-impulse of sunflower and tobacco plants for pre-harvest processing. The demonstrative example of plants' electric destruction is weeds control using electro-impulse technology. The electrotechnologies effect on nature with key points' of usage and issues, alongside their technological and economic efficiency benefits are considered in the chapter.

scholarly journals Phytoremediation of Soil Contaminated With Heavy Metals Using the Sunflower (Helianthus Annuus L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Merima Toromanović ◽  
Vildana Jogić ◽  
Jasmina Ibrahimpašić ◽  
Aida Džaferović ◽  
Samira Dedić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Experimental Study ◽  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Experimental Research ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Helianthus Annuus L ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Dangerous Substances ◽  
Stems And Leaves

Phytoremediation has proven to be a suitable method for removing heavy metals from the soil with the help of plants. To examine the phytoremediation potential, the experimental study monitored the influence of high and low concentrations of heavy metals (Pb, Cd, and Zn) on Helianthus annuus L., as well as their accumulation in seeds, roots, stems and leaves. The experiment was carried out during one growing season in outdoor conditions, in pots with a volume of 5L in which Helianthus annuus L. was planted, and the soil was contaminated with these heavy metals in concentrations below and above the maximum allowable concentration prescribed by the Rulebook on Determining Permissible Quantities of Harmful and Dangerous Substances in Soil and Methods of Their Testing. After growth and development of the plant, the experimental research examined the accumulation potential of the plant, the growth of the plant itself and its ability to survive depending on different concentrations of heavy metals. By processing the obtained results, statistically significant differences of heavy metals were determined in individual parts of the plants, depending on the applied concentration. The highest concentration of Zn was recorded in the leaves of the plant in the amount of 18.21 mg/kg, and the lowest concentration in the stem, 3.92 mg/kg. The measured values of heavy metals Cd and Pb differ from the above because the lowest concentrations of these heavy metals were recorded in the seed, and were 12.02 mg/kg for Pb and 9.20 mg/kg for Cd, which is a statistically significantly lower determined value relative to other parts of the plant.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF PULSED ELECTRIC CURRENT ON THE WAVES MOTION CHARACTER OF PLASTIC DEFORMATION AT TENSION OF A STEEL PLATE

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-153
Author(s):  
A. Yu. Gagarin ◽  
V. D. Sarychev ◽  
S. A. Nevskii ◽  
A. I. Potekaev
Keyword(s):  
Plastic Deformation ◽  
Electric Current ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Electric Pulse ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Central Area ◽  
Sample Temperature ◽  
Joule Effect ◽  
Pulsed Electric Current ◽  
Deformable System

Infrared thermography and two-exposure speckle interferometry have been used to study the plastic deformation of low-carbon steel under the action of pulsed electric current. It was established that external electric effect leads to an increase in velocity of plastic waves by 65  %. Analysis of the velocity distribution patterns showed that they have the profile of “shock transition”. At the origin, velocity of the material is zero (motionless gripping), and at the right end of the curve material velocity is equal to stretching speed specified by testing machine. The effect of electric current leads to splitting of the displacements velocities, both at moving and stationary ends of the samples. It is assumed that the observed splitting is related to the Stark splitting of energy levels of the deformed system. This splitting leads to a decrease in the potential barrier for the motion of defects in crystal lattice. Thermographic studies have shown presence of a temperature gradient directed from clamps to center of the sample, which does not coincide with pattern of displacement distribution. It was determined that during the primary treatment with high power current pulses in the central area of the sample, sample temperature reaches 351  K, and 330  K in the area adjacent to clamps. Subsequent treatments result in a slight increase in temperature. This behavior of temperature can be explained by the fact that heat does not dissipate at a repetition rate of 10  Hz. On an average, sample temperature increases by 30  K. Theoretical calculation has shown that the Joule effect leads to an increase in temperature of the sample by 21  K per pulse, which is practically in agreement with experimental results. Estimates of thermal energy and energy of elastic deformation have shown that the fastest channel for converting the energy of electric pulse is structural changes in deformable system, which lead to the observed decrease in deforming force.

scholarly journals Teaching physics through contextualized concept cartoons

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (36) ◽  
pp. 381-395
Author(s):  
Jaime Duvan Reyes-Roncancio ◽  
Gloria Patricia Romero-Osma ◽  
Edier Hernan Bustos-Velazco
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Electric Current ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Electric Discharges ◽  
School Students ◽  
Mixed Approach ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Teaching Physics

This document present the results of a research in the use of Cartoon in teaching of physics. The methodology of mixed approach, involved at first the design and use of Concept Contextualized Cartoons, as well their validation and implementation among groups of high school students. Secondly, a motivational scale regarding the use of cartoons and the teaching of physics was adapted and applied. The results describe the characteristics of the questions formulated by the students when interacting with the cartoon, specifically in relations the scientific knowledge associated to three phenomena of study: Atmospheric Electric discharges – Thunderbolt, Electric Current and Polarization. Furthermore, the cartoons didactic potential was identified in relation to the categories of the motivational scale, which highlights significant motivational levels associated with the relationship with life and the importance of the physics class.

COMPARISON OF GRO-LUX AND COOL-WHITE FLUORESCENT LAMPS WITH AND WITHOUT INCANDESCENT AS LIGHT SOURCES USED IN PLANT GROWTH ROOMS FOR GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF TOMATO PLANTS

1965 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 461-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. A. Helson
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
Ripe Fruit ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Fluorescent Lamps ◽  
Stems And Leaves ◽  
Percentage Basis

"Gro-lux" fluorescent lamps, a light source providing high energy in the blue and red regions of the spectrum, were designed and marketed by the Sylvania Company (4) especially for growing plants under artificial light. Their effectiveness for growing tomato plants was compared with that of cool-white fluorescent lamps, with and without adding 35% of the fluorescent wattage as incandescent light. On a percentage basis the dry weights of the stems and leaves after 5 weeks were, cool-white 100%, gro-lux 82, cool-white plus incandescent 131, and gro-lux plus incandescent 153. The addition of incandescent to gro-lux fluorescent as compared with gro-lux alone resulted in 44% increase in root dry weight, 73% increase in leaf area, and 80% increase in plant height. The increased growth obtained under either gro-lux or cool-white when incandescent is added is attributed to an increase in plant height caused by the addition of far-red energy, permitting more light to reach the lower leaves. Plants grown under gro-lux with incandescent had 34% more flowers, 20% more ripe fruit, and 32% heavier fruit than those grown under cool-white with incandescent.

BOX PENGHANGAT MAKANAN PENDAMPING AIR SUSU IBU MENGGUNAKAN TERMOELEKTRIK

JURTEKSI ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-74
Author(s):  
Khairi Ibnutama ◽  
Muhammad Gilang Suryanata
Keyword(s):  
Electric Current ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Complementary Feeding ◽  
Common Knowledge ◽  
Thermal Sensor ◽  
Complementary Foods ◽  
Career Women ◽  
Peltier Module ◽  
Made In

Abstract: The importance of complementary foods as complementary feeding for babies has become breastfeeding mother’s common knowledge. Impaired growth and development of infants and children aged 12-24 months is the low quality of complementary foods caused by unsanitary storage areas and uncontrolled temperatures. Therefore, a research was made in the form of designing a complementary food warmer box which aims to maintain the quality of complementary foods for breastfeeding, especially for career women who spend most of their time outside the home and not with babies. The MPASI heating box is made using a Peltier module with a thermoelectric working concept powered by an electric current or battery so that it can be used anywhere and anytime.            Keywords: MPASI; Thermal Sensor; Thermoelectric; Warming Box  Abstrak: Pentingnya MPASI sebagai asupan pendamping bayi sudah menjadi pengetahuan umum setiap ibu menyusui. Gangguan tumbuh kembang bayi dan anak usia 12-24 bulan disebabkan rendahnya mutu MPASI karena tempat penyimpanan yang kurang bersih dan suhu yang tidak terjaga. Dengan demikian dibuatlah penelitian berupa rancang bangun box penghangat MPASI dengan tujuan agar makanan pendamping ASI dapat terjaga kualitasnya, terutama bagi wanita bekerja yang menghabiskan sebagian besar waktunya diluar rumah tanpa bersama bayi. Box penghangat MPASI menggunakan konsep kerja termoelektrik dalam bentuk modul Peltier dengan sumber tegangan arus listrik atau baterai, sehingga dapat digunakan kapanpun dan dimanapun. Kata kunci: Box Penghangat; MPASI; Sensor Suhu; Termoelektrik

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