The 'Sick immigrant' and 'Healthy immigrant' phenomenon among Jews migrating from the USSR to Israel

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
R Pinchas-Mizrachi ◽  
Y Naparstek ◽  
R Nirel ◽  
E Kukia
Keyword(s):  
Social Stratification ◽  
High Income ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Total Study Population ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Low Incomes ◽  
Study Population ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract The “healthy immigrant” phenomenon attributes health benefits to immigrants. We examined this phenomenon using the relationship between immigration and mortality, by income level, among Soviet immigrants to Israel in the 1990s, in comparison to veteran immigrants with similar genetic makeup. A retrospective cohort study of mortality during 1996-2016 was conducted among 99,037 immigrants born during 1940-1955 in the USSR or Eastern Europe who immigrated during 1990-1995, compared to a control group of 119,150 Jews born during 1940-1955 who and/or whose parents were born in those same countries and immigrated by 1960. After adjusting for gender, age, income and marital status, we found higher mortality rates among immigrants compared to non-immigrants for the total study population (adjusted hazard ratio (AHR) = 1.297, 99% confidence intervals (CI) = 1.248, 1.348) and among 27,563 men (AHR = 2.941, 99%CI = 2.704, 3.199) and 32,220 women (AHR = 1.756, 99%CI = 1.614, 1.909) with low incomes. The opposite relationship was found for 45,863 men (AHR = 0.714 ,99%CI = 0.635, 0.804) and for 24,852 women (AHR = 0.738 ,99%CI = 0.596, 0.913) with high incomes. For the total study population, we found support for the “sick immigrant” phenomenon. However, both genders in the high-income subgroup, and women in the middle-income subgroup, demonstrated the “healthy immigrant” phenomenon. Decision makers in Israel should devote particular attention to immigrants from a low socioeconomic level. Our results emphasize the need for social stratification when examining the relationships between immigration and health outcomes. Key messages For the total study population, we found support for the “sick immigrant” phenomenon. However, both genders in the high-income subgroup, and women in the middle-income subgroup, demonstrated the “healthy immigrant” phenomenon.

scholarly journals Socioeconomic Disparities in Foods/Beverages and Nutrients Consumed by U.S. Adolescents When Snacking: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005–2018

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 2530
Author(s):  
Navika Gangrade ◽  
Janet Figueroa ◽  
Tashara M. Leak
Keyword(s):  
National Health ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Low Income ◽  
High Income ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Income Ratio

Snacking contributes a significant portion of adolescents’ daily energy intake and is associated with poor overall diet and increased body mass index. Adolescents from low socioeconomic status (SES) households have poorer snacking behaviors than their higher-SES counterparts. However, it is unclear if the types of food/beverages and nutrients consumed during snacking differ by SES among adolescents. Therefore, this study examines SES disparities in the aforementioned snacking characteristics by analyzing the data of 7132 adolescents (12–19 years) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005–2018. Results reveal that adolescents from low-income households (poverty-to-income ratio (PIR) ≤ 1.3) have lower odds of consuming the food/beverage categories “Milk and Dairy” (aOR: 0.74; 95% CI: 0.58-0.95; p = 0.007) and “Fruits” (aOR: 0.62, 95% CI: 0.50–0.78; p = 0.001) as snacks and higher odds of consuming “Beverages” (aOR: 1.45; 95% CI: 1.19-1.76; p = 0.001) compared to those from high-income households (PIR > 3.5). Additionally, adolescents from low- and middle-income (PIR > 1.3–3.5) households consume more added sugar (7.98 and 7.78 g vs. 6.66 g; p = 0.012, p = 0.026) and less fiber (0.78 and 0.77 g vs. 0.84 g; p = 0.044, p = 0.019) from snacks compared to their high-income counterparts. Future research is necessary to understand factors that influence snacking among adolescents, and interventions are needed, especially for adolescents from low-SES communities.

scholarly journals Hypertension Burden and the Risk of New-Onset Atrial Fibrillation

Hypertension ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 919-928
Author(s):  
So-Ryoung Lee ◽  
Chan Soon Park ◽  
Eue-Keun Choi ◽  
Hyo-Jeong Ahn ◽  
Kyung-Do Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Total Study Population ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Burden Scale ◽  
History Of ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Korean National Health Insurance ◽  
Stage 1 ◽  
The Relationship

The association between the cumulative hypertension burden and the development of atrial fibrillation (AF) is unclear. We aimed to investigate the relationship between hypertension burden and the development of incident AF. Using the Korean National Health Insurance Service database, we identified 3 726 172 subjects who underwent 4 consecutive annual health checkups between 2009 and 2013, with no history of AF. During the median follow-up of 5.2 years, AF was newly diagnosed in 22 012 patients (0.59% of the total study population; 1.168 per 1000 person-years). Using the blood pressure (BP) values at each health checkup, we determined the burden of hypertension (systolic BP ≥130 mm Hg or diastolic BP ≥80 mm Hg), stratified as 0 to 4 per the hypertension criteria. The subjects were grouped according to hypertension burden scale 1 to 4: 20% (n=742 806), 19% (n=704 623), 19% (n=713 258), 21% (n=766 204), and 21% (n=799 281). Compared with normal people, subjects with hypertension burdens of 1, 2, 3, and 4 were associated with an 8%, 18%, 26%, and 27% increased risk of incident AF, respectively. On semiquantitative analyses with further stratification of stage 1 (systolic BP of 130–139 mm Hg or diastolic BP of 80–89 mm Hg) and stage 2 (systolic BP ≥140 mm Hg or diastolic BP ≥90 mm Hg) hypertension, the risk of AF increased with the hypertension burden by up to 71%. In this study, both a sustained exposure and the degree of increased BP were associated with an increased risk of incident AF. Tailored BP management should be emphasized to reduce the risk of AF.

Health Risk, Income, and Employment-Based Health Insurance

2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kate Bundorf ◽  
Bradley Herring ◽  
Mark V. Pauly
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurance ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Medical Expenditure Panel Survey ◽  
Medical Expenditure ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Large Group ◽  
Low Incomes ◽  
Coverage Rates ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Group Health Insurance

While many believe that an individual’s health plays an important role in both their willingness and ability to obtain health insurance in the employment-based setting, relatively little agreement exists on the extent to which health status affects coverage rates, particularly for those with lower incomes. In this paper, we examine the relationship between health risk and the purchase of group health insurance and whether that relationship differs by a person’s income and whether they obtain coverage in the small, medium, or large group market. Using the panel component of the 1996-2002 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS), we find that health risk is positively associated with private health insurance across the different markets, and that this positive relationship is stronger for low and middle income people, particularly in the large group market. Our results are consistent with the existence of adverse selection in the group market in the form of low rates of coverage among low risks due to an absence of risk rating of premiums. We conclude that pooled premiums for low risks, particularly those with low incomes, may represent a more important financial barrier to coverage in voluntary group insurance than high premiums for high risks.

scholarly journals Apolipoprotein A-I and B levels in Bangladeshi patients with coronary artery disease

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-33
Author(s):  
Ashesh K Chowdhury ◽  
Abu Mohammed Shafique ◽  
Zeenat F Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Total Study Population ◽  
Apo B ◽  
Apolipoprotein A ◽  
Study Population ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Artery Disease

Coronary arteay disease (CAD) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in developed as well as developing countries like Bangladesh. In this study, the status of serum apolipoprotein A-I (Apo A-1) and apolipoprotein B (Apo B) levels were assessed in Bangladeshi patients with coronary artery diseases. The study was carried out in the Department of Cardiology, University Cardiac Centre (UCC), Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka. Total study population was 100, of which 50 were patients with CAD and 50 were individuals without CAD (control). The patients with CAD and controls were enrolled following the inclusion and exclusion criteria. About 5 ml blood was collected by venepuncture from each individual and apolipoprotein A-1 and B were determined by automated nephelometry. The mean age of total study population was 51.4 ± 10.8 years while the mean age of the patients and control was 51.3 ± 10.9 and 51.4 ± 10.9 years respectively. The Apo A-I level was significantly (p<0.01) different in CAD patients compared to control group (95.10 ± 20.50 mg/dl vs 113.47 ± 20.96 mg/dl). The ratio of Apo B and Apo A1 was also significantly higher (p<0.01) in CAD patients than that of controls (1.25 ± 0.40 vs 0.95 ± 0.26 while Apo B levels was not different among the two groups. The study revealed significant alteration of serum Apo A-I level and Apo B/Apo A-I ratio in patients with CAD compared to those without CAD. Further large-scale study is needed to evaluate the exact influence of apolipoproteins on coronary artery disease in Bengali ethnic population.Ibrahim Med. Coll. J. 2015; 9(1): 31-33

PENINGKATAN KEINOVATIFAN GURU MELALUI PENGUATAN KOMPETENSI PEDAGOGIK DAN LEARNING ORGANIZATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-109
Author(s):  
Dedi Usmayadi ◽  
Soewarto Hardhienata ◽  
Nandang Hidayat
Keyword(s):  
Learning Organization ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Learning Organizations ◽  
Vocational School ◽  
Total Study Population ◽  
Relationship Strength ◽  
Pedagogical Competence ◽  
Study Population ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Relationship

IMPROVING TEACHER INNOVATIVITY THROUGH STRENGTHENING PEDAGOGIC COMPETENCIES AND LEARNING ORGANIZATIONSThis study is intended to determine how teachers’ innovativeness can be improved by examining the relationship between teacher innovativeness with pedagogical competency variables and learning organizations The study was conducted using correlational statistical methods to determine whether pedagogical competency variables and learning organization have a positive relationship with teacher innovation. Based on these results, an analysis is then performed using the Sitorem Method to derive recommendations and determining the order of priority improvements that need to be implemented. The study was conducted to the government official teachers of  State Vocational School located in Bogor Regency where the total study population was 184 and the sample taken was 126 teachers. The results showed  that there was a positive relationship between pedagogical competence and teacher innovativeness where the relationship strength ry1 = 0.7655 and there was a positive relationship between learning organization and teacher innovativeness where the relationship strength ry2 = 0.2671. This proved that teacher innovation might be improved through strengthening the  pedagogical competencies and learning organizations.

scholarly journals Circulating Endothelial Cells as Potential Markers of Atherosclerosis

2008 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 638-642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Gao ◽  
Chunyan Liu ◽  
Xiangjian Zhang ◽  
Jian Gao ◽  
Chunyan Yang
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Cerebral Infarction ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Cell ◽  
Circulating Endothelial Cells ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Background and Purpose:Vascular endothelial cell (VEC) injury represents a major initiating step in the process of atherosclerosis, which may lead to cerebral infarction. “Circulating endothelial cell” (CEC) is an index of ongoing endothelial injury, while intimal-medial thickness (IMT) detected by sounography was used to evaluate the severity of atherosclerosis. However, to our knowledge, there is no study that investigated the relationship of these two determinations. Our study was designed to address correlate CEC with IMT.Methods and Results:The study population consisted of 30 patients with acute cerebral infarction (ACI) and 30 age-and sex-matched volunteers as controls. The CEC counts were determined using Hladovec's method. All subjects underwent a 2-dimensional ultrasound examination of both carotid arteries to measure IMT. CEC counts in ACI group were significantly increased compared with control group (4.88±2.14 cells /0.9μl vs 2.73±1.95/0.9μl, P0.01); IMT in ACI patients was also significantly thicker compared with volunteers (2.72±1.07 mm vs 1.73±0.99 mm, P<0.01). There was positive correlation between CEC counts and maximal carotid artery IMT in both groups (r=0.522, P<0.01 in ACI patients and r=0.395, P<0.05 in healthy volunteers).Conclusions:Circulating endothelial cell counts can directly reflect the vascular injury. CEC counts parallel IMT. The CEC may be an independent predictor of cerebral infarction.

scholarly journals Middle Income Trap and Balance of Payments Constraint in the Turkish Economy

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zekayi Kaya ◽  
Erkan Tokucu ◽  
Murat Aykırı ◽  
Cahit Durmuş
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rates ◽  
High Income ◽  
Balance Of Payments ◽  
The Other ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Global Competitiveness ◽  
Turkish Economy ◽  
Middle Income Trap ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Policy Proposals

Since the 1980’s, the growth rates have been continuously fluctuating because of internal and external economic and politic developments. These fluctuating - low growth rates led to a discussion on the middle income trap which is an outcome of low growth rates in Turkey. According to the some indicators, there is a middle income trap in the Turkish economy and the competitiveness of the economy has been decreasing in the international area because of the trap. It is seen that especially technology and innovations are the prominents factors that the governments have to take into account. This study is on the middle income trap in Turkey. In this context, firstly, the definitions of income traps, income grups, and the middle income trap will be given. Second, the causes of the middle income trap and the exit strategies from the trap will be expressed. Third, some indicators of the economy will be examined and compared with the high middle income and the high income countries. Fourth, the rank of the Turkish economy in the global competitiveness indeks will be shown and compared with the other countries. Fifth, the relationship between the middle income trap and the balance of payments will be investigated in context of the Thirlwall Rule. Finally, in order to escape from the trap, some policy proposals of the authors will be asserted.

The Impact of Export Destination on Skills in a Middle-Income Country

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 317-340
Author(s):  
Adriana Peluffo
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Firms ◽  
Middle Income Country ◽  
High Income ◽  
Income Country ◽  
Skilled Labor ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Export Destination ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

This study analyzes the relationship among exports to high-income countries on the demand for skilled labor. To this aim, we use a panel of Uruguayan manufacturing firms for the period 1997–2006. The results show that, contrary to studies for developed and other middle-income economies, exports to high-income countries do not result in a higher demand for skilled labor. The explanation for these results may lie in the productive specialization of the country.

scholarly journals C-Reactive Protein (CRP) and Health Resort Reaction

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Jadwiga Kuciel-Lewandowska ◽  
Michal Kasperczak ◽  
Malgorzata Szybinska ◽  
Jan Gnus ◽  
Malgorzata Paprocka-Borowicz
Keyword(s):  
Acute Phase Proteins ◽  
Control Group ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Health Resort ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Treatment Standard ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Leukocyte Counts ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Elevated Body Temperature

Incident tissue-damaging factors trigger a systemic response manifested by inflammatory reaction. Acute-phase proteins are a diagnostic and prognostic marker in various systemic homeostasis disorders. In the course of health resort therapy, a so-called health resort reaction is observed presenting with, e.g., exacerbation of organ-related disorders, elevated body temperature, increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and leukocyte counts. The objective of the study was to demonstrate a change in the concentration of C-reactive protein (CRP) as a result of health resort radon therapy as well as to determine the relationship between this change and the phenomenon known as health resort reaction. The study was conducted in Swieradow-Zdroj resort. The study population consisted of patients undergoing radon-active water bath treatment. Standard tests were used to determine CRP levels before the treatment as well as 5 and 18 days into the treatment. The study group consisted of n = 34 patients with osteoarthritis and spondyloarthritis. The control group consisted of 17 employees of the health resort who were also burdened with osteoarthritis or spondyloarthritis yet did not undergo radon therapy and had absolutely no contact with radon materials. The study revealed no statistically significant increase in the concentration of CRP. This trial is registered with NCT03274128. The study was carried out as part of the statutory task SUB.E060.19.001.

scholarly journals Mitochondrial nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide hydride dehydrogenase (NADH) subunit 4 (MTND4) polymorphisms and their association with male infertility

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatina W. Dahadhah ◽  
Mayyas Saleh Jaweesh ◽  
Mazhar Salim Al Zoubi ◽  
Manal Issam Abu Alarjah ◽  
Mohamad Eid Hammadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Male Infertility ◽  
Semen Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Genotype Frequencies ◽  
Study Population ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Sanger Method

Abstract Purpose The purpose of the present study was to determine the relationship between infertility and the polymorphisms of mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4 (MTND4) by spermatozoa analysis in fertile and subfertile men. Methods Samples were divided into 68 subfertile men (case group) and 44 fertile men (control group). After semen analysis, samples were purified. The whole genome was extracted using a QIAamp DNA Mini Kit and the mitochondrial DNA was amplified by using the REPLI-g Mitochondrial DNA Kit. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to amplify the MT-ND4 gene. Then, samples were purified and sequenced using the Sanger method. Results Twenty-five single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified in the MTND4 gene. The genotype frequencies of the study population showed a statistically significant association between rs2853495 G>A (Gly320Gly) and male infertility (P = 0.0351). Similarly, the allele frequency test showed that rs2853495 G>A (Gly320Gly) and rs869096886 A>G (Leu164Leu) were significantly associated with male infertility (adjusted OR = 2.616, 95% CI = 1.374–4.983, P = 0.002; adjusted OR = 2.237, 95% CI = 1.245–4.017, P = 0.007, respectively). Conclusion In conclusion, our findings suggested that male infertility was correlated with rs2853495 and rs869096886 SNPs in MTND4.

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