scholarly journals Up North and Down South: Regional Differences in Pain, Religious Coping, and Negative Affect in Osteoarthritis

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 380-380
Author(s):  
Katherine Cheesman ◽  
Patricia Parmelee ◽  
Dylan Smith
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Religious Coping ◽  
Sex Education ◽  
Regional Differences ◽  
Pain Scale ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Phone Calls ◽  
Daily Diary Methodology ◽  
Daily Pain

Abstract Objective: This research examines regional differences (Northern vs. Southern) in pain, religious coping, and negative affect among African Americans (AA) and non-Hispanic Whites (NHW) over the age of 50 with physician-confirmed knee osteoarthritis (OA). Methods: As part of a larger study of racial/ethnic differences in everyday quality of life with OA, 116 persons were recruited from sites in Alabama (n = 64) and New York (n = 52). Participants completed global measures of pain (PGC Pain Scale) and religious coping (Brief RCOPE); daily variability in pain, coping, and affect was assessed using a daily diary methodology consisting of 4 daily phone calls over 7 days. Site comparisons were conducted using one-way multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) with covariates of race, sex, education, and marital status. Results: There was a significant multivariate effect of site on pain, religious coping, and affect, F(5, 104) = 3.846, p = .003, Wilk’s Λ = .844, partial η2 = .156. Follow-up univariate tests and mean examinations revealed that Southerners reported statistically more daily pain (M = 2.023, SD = .89), religious coping (M = .618, SD = .427), and negative affect (M = 6.556, SD = 2.661) than Northerners (M = 1.810, SD = .719; M = .386, SD = .417; M = 5.865, SD = 1.446). Implications: Results contribute to a growing understanding of how individuals use their religious beliefs to cope with daily pain. (Supported by R01-AG041655 D. Smith and P. Parmelee, PIs.)

scholarly journals THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN GLOBAL AND DAILY LEVELS OF PAIN AND RELIGIOUS COPING

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S524-S524
Author(s):  
Katherine L Cheesman ◽  
Brian Cox ◽  
Dylan M Smith ◽  
Patricia A Parmelee
Keyword(s):  
Religious Coping ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Coping Behaviors ◽  
Phone Calls ◽  
Daily Diary Methodology ◽  
And Coping ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Racial Ethnic ◽  
Daily Pain

Abstract Objective: This research examines associations between global and daily levels of pain and the use of religious coping strategies among African American (AA) and non-Hispanic White (NHW) older adults with physician-confirmed knee osteoarthritis (OA). Methods: As part of a larger study of racial/ethnic differences in everyday quality of life with OA, 125 persons over the age of 50 completed a global measure of religious coping using the Brief RCOPE. Daily variability in pain and coping was assessed using a daily diary methodology consisting of 4 daily phone calls over 7 days. Hypotheses: Demographic characteristics (sex, race) were expected to predict religious coping at both the global and daily levels. Specifically, we expected women and AAs would use more religious coping than their male and NHW counterparts. Further, daily levels of pain were predicted to correlate with daily levels of coping. Results: AAs were found to engage in significantly more religious coping behaviors than NHWs at the global, but not daily, level. An intraclass correlation coefficient of .316 indicated sufficient within-person variability for the use of multi-level modeling to determine the association of daily pain and religious coping. Within individuals, pain was significantly lower on days when religious coping was not used. Implications: Results contribute to a growing understanding of how individuals use their religious beliefs to cope with daily pain and perhaps, to the formulation of more targeted therapies for individuals living with chronic illness. (Supported by R01-AG041655 D. Smith and P. Parmelee, PIs.)

Sleep symptomatology is associated with greater subjective cognitive concerns: Findings from the community-based Healthy Brain Project

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Nicolazzo ◽  
Katharine Xu ◽  
Alexandra Lavale ◽  
Rachel Buckley ◽  
Nawaf Yassi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Sex Education ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Psychomotor Function ◽  
Community Based ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insomnia Severity

Abstract Study objectives To examine if sleep symptomatology was associated with subjective cognitive concerns or objective cognitive performance in a dementia-free community-based sample. Methods A total of 1421 middle-aged participants (mean±standard deviation = 57±7; 77% female) from the Healthy Brain Project completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) to measure sleep quality, insomnia symptom severity, and daytime sleepiness, respectively. Participants were classified as having no sleep symptomatology (normal scores on each sleep measure), moderate sleep symptomatology (abnormal scores on one sleep measure), or high sleep symptomatology (abnormal scores on at least two sleep measures), using established cut-off values. Analysis of covariance was used to compare objective cognitive function (Cogstate Brief Battery) and subjective cognitive concerns (Modified Cognitive Function Instrument) across groups. Results Following adjustments for age, sex, education, mood, and vascular risk factors, persons classified as having high sleep symptomatology, versus none, displayed more subjective cognitive concerns (d=0.24) but no differences in objective cognitive performance (d=0.00-0.18). Subjective cognitive concerns modified the association between sleep symptomatology and psychomotor function. The strength of the relationship between high sleep symptomatology (versus none) and psychomotor function was significantly greater in persons with high as compared with low cognitive concerns (β±SE =-0.37±0.16; p=0.02). Conclusions More severe sleep symptomatology was associated with greater subjective cognitive concerns. Persons reporting high levels of sleep symptomatology may be more likely to display poorer objective cognitive function in the presence of subjective cognitive concerns.

scholarly journals Airbnb Short-term Housing Rental Status Prediction Model Under the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 251 ◽  
pp. 01017
Author(s):  
Zhixiang Lu
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
New York ◽  
Regional Differences ◽  
Prediction Accuracy ◽  
Visual Analysis ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Emerging Industries ◽  
Machine Learning Model ◽  
The Impact

With the vigorous development of the sharing economy, the short-term rental industry has also spawned many emerging industries that belong to the sharing economy. However, due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, many sharing economy industries, including the short-term housing leasing industry, have been affected. This study takes the rental information of 1,004 short-term rental houses in New York in April 2020 as an example, through machine learning and quantitative analysis, we conducted statistical and visual analysis on the impact of different factors on the housing rental status. This project is based on the machine learning model to predict the changes in the rental status of the house on the time series. The results show that the prediction accuracy of the random forest model has reached more than 94%, and the prediction accuracy of the logistic model has reached more than 74%. At the same time, we have further explored the impact of time span differences and regional differences on the housing rental status.

Return to the family and its consequence for rehospitalization among recently discharged mental patients

1982 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Blumenthal ◽  
Dolores Kreisman ◽  
Patricia A. O'Connor
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Living Arrangements ◽  
Living Alone ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Sample Analysis ◽  
Mental Patients ◽  
Return Rates ◽  
The Family ◽  
Major Predictor ◽  
Regression Techniques

SynopsisThis study examined the contribution that living arrangements made to the rehospitalization rates of mental patients discharged to the community during the first 7 months they spent there. Over 20000 mental patients discharged from psychiatric facilities in the state of New York were categorized on the basis of the living arrangements to which they were discharged. These included living alone, parental, marital, other relatives or friends, and domiciliary settings. The sample was divided in half and results of the analysis of the first sample were replicated on the second sample. Analysis of covariance and multiple regression techniques revealed that patients discharged to marital settings were rehospitalized less than those discharged to other settings, and that there were no differences in the return rates among the remaining settings. The major predictor of rehospitalization was the number of previous hospitalizations. The implications of these findings for further research on supportive as well as stressful parameters of community and family settings are discussed.

Gross-National Study of Diagnosis of the Mental Disorders: A Comparative Psychometric Assessment of Elderly Patients Admitted to Mental Hospitals Serving Queens County, New York, and the Former Borough of Camberwell, London

1975 ◽  
Vol 126 (6) ◽  
pp. 560-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daphne W. Cowan ◽  
J. R. M. Copeland ◽  
M. J. Kelleher ◽  
J. M. Kellett ◽  
A. J. Gourlay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Test Performance ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
High Rate ◽  
National Study ◽  
Mental Hospitals ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Initial Score ◽  
Bender Gestalt Test

SummaryIn a cross-national comparison of the frequency of occurrence of various diagnoses among elderly psychiatric patients admitted to public mental hospitals in London and New York, a short battery of psychological tests was administered to all patients independently of psychiatric examination. The psychological assessment was focused on the differentiation between dementing and affective disorders. The test performance showed a highly significant difference between the two groups as diagnosed, and when patients were allocated to groups on the basis of tests alone these allocations showed a high rate of agreement with initial psychiatric diagnosis. There was a similar high rate of agreement between test allocation and hospital diagnosis in the U.K., but this was not so in the U.S.No significant differences were found between the test performance of U.K. and U.S. patients, except on the WAIS Vocabulary and the Angles Error measurement of the Bender-Gestalt test. When the effects of age and Vocabulary score were eliminated these differences disappeared.The hypothesis that the diagnosis of affective disorder would be confirmed by a relatively greater improvement in test performance over time in this group of patients was not upheld by the non-parametric analysis of change scores. However, an analysis of covariance utilizing age and initial score did indicate the expected differential improvement.

Anxiety and self-care behaviour in patients with chronic systolic heart failure: A multivariate model

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 170-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Müller-Tasch ◽  
Bernd Löwe ◽  
Nicole Lossnitzer ◽  
Lutz Frankenstein ◽  
Tobias Täger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
New York ◽  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Sex Education ◽  
Nyha Class ◽  
Systolic Heart Failure ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Heart Association ◽  
Depression Score ◽  
Negatively Associated

Background: While comprehensive evidence exists regarding negative effects of depression on self-care behaviours in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF), the relation between anxiety and self-care behaviours in patients with CHF is not clear. The aim of this study was to analyse the interactions between anxiety, depression and self-care behaviours in patients with CHF. Methods: The self-care behaviour of CHF outpatients was measured using the European Heart Failure Self-care Behaviour Scale (EHFScBS). The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ) was used to assess anxiety, the PHQ-9 was used to measure depression severity. Differences between patients with and without anxiety were assessed with the respective tests. Associations between anxiety, self-care and other predictors were analysed using linear regressions. Results: Of the 308 participating patients, 35 (11.4%) fulfilled the PHQ criteria for an anxiety disorder. These patients took antidepressants more frequently (11.8% versus 2.3%, p = .02), had had more contacts with their general practitioner within the last year (11.8 ± 16.1 versus 6.7 ± 8.6, p = .02), and had a higher PHQ-9 depression score (12.9 ± 5.7 versus 6.5 ± 4.7, p < .01) than patients without anxiety disorder. Anxiety and self-care were negatively associated (ß = −0.144, r2 = 0.021, p = 0.015). The explanation of variance was augmented in a multivariate regression with the predictors age, sex, education, living with a partner, and New York Heart Association (NYHA) class ( r2 = 0.098) when anxiety was added ( r2 = 0.112). Depression further increased the explanation of variance (ß = −0.161, r2 = 0.131, p = 0.019). Conclusions: Anxiety is negatively associated with self-care behaviour in patients with CHF. However, this effect disappears behind the stronger influence of depression on self-care. The consideration of mental comorbidities in patients with CHF is important.

scholarly journals The Neurocognitive Study for the Aging: Longitudinal Analysis on the Contribution of Sex, Age, Education and APOE ɛ4 on Cognitive Performance

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Chadjikyprianou ◽  
Marilena Hadjivassiliou ◽  
Savvas Papacostas ◽  
Fofi Constantinidou
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Sex Education ◽  
Cognitive Aging ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Significant Interaction Effect ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽  
Mini Mental Status Examination ◽  
Subject Factor ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

Objective: The effects of normal cognitive aging on executive functions (EF), Verbal Episodic Memory (VEM) and the contribution of age, sex, education, and APOΕ ε4 in a group of old Greek Cypriots across a five-year period were investigated.Design: NEUROAGE, the first project on cognitive aging in Cyprus, is a prospective longitudinal study with a rolling admission process. Participants are assessed at baseline and retested every 24–30 months.Subjects: 170 participants completed all three testing cycles; 86 men and 84 women with ages ranging between 60 and 88 years (mean = 73.21, SD = 5.84); education, 2–20 years (mean = 9.07, SD = 4.27).Results: Α Repeated Measures Multivariate Analysis of Covariance was conducted with one between-subject factor: sex; two covariates: age and education, while Time (time 1, time 2, time 3) served as a within – subject factor. Time did not have an effect on mini mental status examination in Greek (MMSE), EF or VEM. Also, sex had no effect on MMSE, EF and VEM. There was no time by sex interaction. Age and Education significantly predicted the EF performance, F(1, 168) = 11.23, p &lt; 0.05; F(1, 158) = 90.03, p &lt; 0.001 and VEM performance, F(1, 171) = 17.22, p &lt; 0.001; F(1, 171) = 61.25, p &lt; 0.001. Furthermore, there was a significant interaction effect between time and education, for EF, F(2, 167) = 7.02, p &lt; 0.001. Performance of the APOE ε4 carriers did not differ on any of the above measures as compared to performance of non-carriers in this older adult group.Conclusion: Cognitively healthy adults maintained overall cognitive performance across the five-year period. Male and female participants performed similarly and the pattern of change over time was similar across the two sexes. Education was predictive of VEM and EF performance across time. Furthermore, those with higher education maintained higher levels of EF performance. APOE results did not differentiate performance at baseline. Implications of findings are discussed.

scholarly journals PAIN, AFFECT, AND OBJECTIVE ACTIVITY LEVELS IN OLDER ADULTS WITH OSTEOARTHRITIS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S718-S718
Author(s):  
Emily A Behrens ◽  
Jason A DeCaro ◽  
Dylan M Smith ◽  
Patricia A Parmelee
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Motor Activity ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Motor Movement ◽  
Phone Calls ◽  
Motor Movements ◽  
Large Motor

Abstract This research examined the relation between physical activity, pain, and mood among older adults with osteoarthritis (OA). Physical activity is associated with long-term maintenance of function in persons with chronic pain (Dunlop et al., 2014), but less is known about the association between objective measures of activity and transient mood states. Therefore, we captured the activity and mood levels of 218 older adults with knee OA over a seven-day period. Wrist and waist accelerometers captured small and large motor movements. Self-reported momentary pain and affect were collected through phone calls four times daily. We examined average and peak activity levels over the 4-hour windows between self-reports. Cross-sectionally, there was no association between momentary pain and activity. Average large motor movement was positively associated with positive affect and negatively associated with negative affect. Analyses revealed one association between affect and average previous activity; small motor movements predicted greater positive affect. Peak levels of both movements predicted greater positive affect, but only peak wrist activity predicted negative affect. Peak small motor movement at the previous call was associated with both positive and negative affect. These results provide insight into the unique contributions of small and large motor activity to mood and pain states. It appears that average large motor movements and prior small motor activity may have the greatest impact on momentary affect. Further study of distinct activity types and mood will be important for understanding and improving the quality of life among individuals diagnosed with OA (Supported by R01-AG041655).

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