Citrus sinensis CBF1 Functions in Cold Tolerance by Modulating Putrescine Biosynthesis Through Regulation of ARGININE DECARBOXYLASE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Song ◽  
Hao Wu ◽  
Feng He ◽  
Jing Qu ◽  
Yue Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Transgenic Plants ◽  
Cold Stress ◽  
Cold Tolerance ◽  
Citrus Sinensis ◽  
Sweet Orange ◽  
Arginine Decarboxylase ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Shed Light

Abstract C-repeat (CRT) binding factors (CBFs) are well known to act as crucial transcription factors that function in cold stress response. Arginine decarboxylase (ADC)-mediated putrescine biosynthesis has been reported to be activated in plants exposed to cold conditions, but it remains elusive whether CBFs can regulate ADC expression and putrescine accumulation. In this study, we show that cold up-regulated ADC gene (CsADC) and elevation of endogenous putrescine content in sweet orange (Citrus sinensis). Promoter of CsADC contains two CRT sequences that are canonical elements recognized by CBFs. Sweet orange genome contains four CBFs (CsCBF1-4), in which CsCBF1 was significantly induced by cold. CsCBF1, located in the nucleus, was demonstrated to bind directly and specifically to the promoter of CsADC and acted as a transcriptional activator. Overexpression of CsCBF1 led to notable elevation of CsADC and putrescine level in sweet orange transgenic plants, along with remarkably enhanced cold tolerance, relative to the wild type (WT). However, pretreatment with D-arginine, an ADC inhibitor, caused prominent reduction of endogenous putrescine level in the overexpressing lines, accompanied by greatly compromised cold tolerance. Taken together, these results demonstrate that CBF1 of sweet orange directly regulates ADC expression and modulates putrescine synthesis for orchestrating the cold tolerance. Our findings shed light into the transcriptional regulation of putrescine accumulation through targeting the ADC gene in the presence of cold stress. Meanwhile, this study illustrates a new mechanism underlying the CBF-mediated cold stress response.

scholarly journals Overexpression of the pitaya phosphoethanolamine N-methyltransferase gene (HpPEAMT) enhanced simulated drought stress in tobacco

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ai-Hua Wang ◽  
Lan Yang ◽  
Xin-Zhuan Yao ◽  
Xiao-Peng Wen
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Transgenic Plants ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Transgenic Tobacco ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Amino Acid Sequence Similarity ◽  
Transgenic Tobacco Plants ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Tobacco Plants

AbstractPhosphoethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PEAMTase) catalyzes the methylation of phosphoethanolamine to produce phosphocholine and plays an important role in the abiotic stress response. Although the PEAMT genes has been isolated from many species other than pitaya, its role in the drought stress response has not yet been fully elucidated. In the present study, we isolated a 1485 bp cDNA fragment of HpPEAMT from pitaya (Hylocereus polyrhizus). Phylogenetic analysis showed that, during its evolution, HpPEAMT has shown a high degree of amino acid sequence similarity with the orthologous genes in Chenopodiaceae species. To further investigate the function of HpPEAMT, we generated transgenic tobacco plants overexpressing HpPEAMT, and the transgenic plants accumulated significantly more glycine betaine (GB) than did the wild type (WT). Drought tolerance trials indicated that, compared with those of the wild-type (WT) plants, the roots of the transgenic plants showed higher drought tolerance ability and exhibited improved drought tolerance. Further analysis revealed that overexpression of HpPEAM in Nicotiana tabacum resulted in upregulation of transcript levels of GB biosynthesis-related genes (NiBADH, NiCMO and NiSDC) in the leaves. Furthermore, compared with the wild-type plants, the transgenic tobacco plants displayed a significantly lower malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation and higher activities of the superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) antioxidant enzymes under drought stress. Taken together, our results suggested that HpPEAMT enhanced the drought tolerance of transgenic tobacco.

GRAS-domain transcription factor PAT1 regulates jasmonic acid biosynthesis in grape cold stress response

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zemin Wang ◽  
Darren Chern Jan Wong ◽  
Yi Wang ◽  
Guangzhao Xu ◽  
Chong Ren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Response ◽  
Cold Stress ◽  
Cold Tolerance ◽  
Cold Treatment ◽  
Ectopic Expression ◽  
Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation ◽  
Luciferase Reporter ◽  
Vitis Amurensis ◽  
Mobility Shift

Abstract Cultivated grapevine (Vitis) is a highly valued horticultural crop, and cold stress affects its growth and productivity. Wild Amur grape (Vitis amurensis) PAT1 (Phytochrome A signal transduction 1, VaPAT1) is induced by low temperature, and ectopic expression of VaPAT1 enhances cold tolerance in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). However, little is known about the molecular mechanism of VaPAT1 during the cold stress response in grapevine. Here, we confirmed the overexpression of VaPAT1 in transformed grape calli enhanced cold tolerance. Yeast two-hybrid and bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays highlighted an interaction between VaPAT1 with INDETERMINATE-DOMAIN 3 (VaIDD3). A role of VaIDD3 in cold tolerance was also indicated. Transcriptome analysis revealed VaPAT1 and VaIDD3 overexpression and cold treatment coordinately modulate the expression of stress-related genes including lipoxygenase 3 (LOX3), a gene encoding a key jasmonate biosynthesis enzyme. Co-expression network analysis indicated LOX3 might be a downstream target of VaPAT1. Both electrophoretic mobility shift and dual luciferase reporter assays showed the VaPAT1-IDD3 complex binds to the IDD-box (AGACAAA) in the VaLOX3 promoter to activate its expression. Overexpression of both VaPAT1 and VaIDD3 increased the transcription of VaLOX3 and JA levels in transgenic grape calli. Conversely, VaPAT1-SRDX (dominant repression) and CRISPR/Cas9-mediated mutagenesis of PAT1-ED causing the loss of the C-terminus in grape calli dramatically prohibited the accumulation of VaLOX3 and JA levels during cold treatment. Together, these findings point to a pivotal role of VaPAT1 in the cold stress response in grape by regulating JA biosynthesis.

scholarly journals Genome-Wide Identification and Analysis of the WRKY Gene Family and Cold Stress Response in Acer truncatum

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1867
Author(s):  
Yan Li ◽  
Xiang Li ◽  
Jiatong Wei ◽  
Kewei Cai ◽  
Hongzhi Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Cold Stress ◽  
Gene Family ◽  
Gene Families ◽  
Regulatory Function ◽  
Wrky Gene ◽  
Wrky Transcription Factors ◽  
Biotic Stresses ◽  
Genome Wide

WRKY transcription factors constitute one of the largest gene families in plants and are involved in many biological processes, including growth and development, physiological metabolism, and the stress response. In earlier studies, the WRKY gene family of proteins has been extensively studied and analyzed in many plant species. However, information on WRKY transcription factors in Acer truncatum has not been reported. In this study, we conducted genome-wide identification and analysis of the WRKY gene family in A. truncatum, 54 WRKY genes were unevenly located on all 13 chromosomes of A. truncatum, the highest number was found in chromosomes 5. Phylogenetic relationships, gene structure, and conserved motif identification were constructed, and the results affirmed 54 AtruWRKY genes were divided into nine subgroup groups. Tissue species analysis of AtruWRKY genes revealed which were differently exhibited upregulation in flower, leaf, root, seed and stem, and the upregulation number were 23, 14, 34, 18, and 8, respectively. In addition, the WRKY genes expression in leaf under cold stress showed that more genes were significantly expressed under 0, 6 and 12 h cold stress. The results of this study provide a new insight the regulatory function of WRKY genes under abiotic and biotic stresses.

scholarly journals Comparative Transcriptomics for Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) under Cold Stress and after Rewarming

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (21) ◽  
pp. 10204
Author(s):  
Wu Miao ◽  
Jingshuang Song ◽  
Yanwu Huang ◽  
Rongyun Liu ◽  
Gaofeng Zou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Cold Stress ◽  
Cold Tolerance ◽  
Inbred Line ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Cold Treatment ◽  
Nac Transcription Factors ◽  
Physiological Indicators ◽  
Damage Repair ◽  
Cytochrome P450 Family

Cold stress has become one of the main abiotic stresses in pepper, which severely limits the growth and development of pepper. In this study, the physiological indicators and transcriptome of a cold-tolerance (CT) inbred line A188 and a cold-sensitive (CS) inbred line A122 under cold–rewarm treatments were studied; the aim of this study was to determine the potential of the key factors in pepper response to cold stress. Compared with CT, CS wilts more seriously after cold stress, with poor resilience, higher content of malondialdehyde, and lower content of soluble sugar and total chlorophyll. Moreover, during cold treatment, 7333 and 5953 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were observed for CT and CS, respectively. These DEGs were significantly enriched in pathways related to photosynthesis, plant hormone signal transduction, and DNA damage repair. Interestingly, in addition to the widely studied transcription factors related to cold, it was also found that 13 NAC transcription factors increased significantly in the T4 group; meanwhile, the NAC8 (Capana02g003557) and NAC72 (Capana07g002219) in CT were significantly higher than those in CS under rewarming for 1 h after 72 h cold treatment. Notably, weighted gene coexpression network analysis identified four positively correlated modules and eight hub genes, including zinc finger proteins, heat shock 70 kda protein, and cytochrome P450 family, which are related to cold tolerance. All of these pathways and genes may be responsible for the response to cold and even the cold tolerance in pepper.

scholarly journals Comparison between Protoplast Transformation and Co-transformation in `Hamlin' Sweet Orange [Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck]

HortScience ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 972D-973
Author(s):  
Ahmad A. Omar ◽  
Wen-Yuan Song ◽  
James H. Graham ◽  
Jude W. Grosser
Keyword(s):  
Transgenic Plants ◽  
Citrus Sinensis ◽  
Fluorescent Protein ◽  
Sweet Orange ◽  
Citrus Canker ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Dna Encoding ◽  
Early Maturity

Citrus canker disease caused by the bacterial pathogen Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri is becoming a worldwide problem. Xa21 gene is a member of the Xa21 gene family of rice, which provides broad spectrum Xanthomonas resistance in rice. `Hamlin' sweet orange [Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck) is one of the leading commercial cultivars in Florida because of its high yield potential and early maturity. `Hamlin' also has a high regeneration capacity from protoplasts and is often used in transformation experiments. Since the citrus canker pathogen is in the same genus, this gene may have potential to function against canker in citrus. The wild-type Xa21 gene contains an intron, and there are some questions whether dicot plants can process genes containing monocot introns (the cDNA is intron-free). Plasmids DNA, encoding the non-destructive selectable marker EGFP (Enhanced Green Fluorescent Protein) gene and the cDNA of the Xa21 gene were transformed or co-transformed into `Hamlin' orange protoplasts using polyethylene glycol. More than 200 transgenic embryoids were recovered. More than 400 transgenic plants were developed from 75 independent transgenic events. PCR analysis revealed the presence of the cDNA of the Xa21 and the GFP genes in the transgenic plants. Some of the plants have the GFP only. Southern analysis is showing integration of the cDNA into different sites ranges from one to five sites. Western analysis is showing the expression of the cDNA of the Xa21 gene in the transgenic citrus plants. This is the first time that a gene from rice has been stably integrated and expressed in citrus plants. Canker challenge assay is in progress.

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS DFOXO, DSIR2 AND HSP70 IN LIFESPAN ALTERATION OF DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER IN DIFFERENT LIGHT CONDITIONS

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 67-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksey A Moskalev ◽  
Olga A Malysheva
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Light Regime ◽  
Light Conditions ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Stress Response Genes ◽  
Significant Difference

It was investigated the role of stress-response genes (dFOXO, dSir2, Hsp70) in regulation of life span of Drosophila in response to light regime alteration. It was revealed the FOXO-dependant mechanism of lifespan increasing at darkness conditions. The distance of lifespan of FOXO homozygous mutants at different light conditions were absent 3 times from 4 times. It was shown, that homozygotes with deletion of dSir2 have more significant difference between lifespan at standard light and darkness conditions with comparing to wild type and heterozygous strain. The same tendency was also detected the in the strains with Hsp70 deletions. It was produced the evidences of two mechanisms of light regime influence on lifespan: metabolism intensification at light conditions and neuroendocrine-determinated lifespan increasing at darkness conditions.

scholarly journals OsCBE1, a Substrate Receptor of Cullin4-Based E3 Ubiquitin Ligase, Functions as a Regulator of Abiotic Stress Response and Productivity in Rice

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 2487
Author(s):  
Juyoung Choi ◽  
Wonkyung Lee ◽  
Gynheung An ◽  
Seong-Ryong Kim
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Cold Stress ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Ubiquitin Ligase ◽  
E3 Ubiquitin Ligase ◽  
In Silico Analysis ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Abiotic Stress Response ◽  
Environmental Stress Response

Ubiquitination is an important environmental stress response, and E3 ubiquitin ligases play a major role in the process. T-DNA insertion mutants of rice, Oscbe1-1, and Oscbe1-2, were identified through the screening of cold stress tolerance at seedling stage. Oscbe1 mutants showed a significantly higher cold stress tolerance in the fresh weight, chlorophyll content, and photosynthetic efficiency than wild type. Molecular prediction showed that OsCBE1 (Oryza sativa Cullin4-Based E3 ubiquitin ligase1) encoded a novel substrate receptor of Cullin4-based E3 ubiquitin ligase complex (C4E3). Whereas Oscbe1 mutants had fewer panicles and grains than wild type in the paddy field, the overexpression lines of OsCBE1 had more panicles and grains, suggesting that OsCBE1 is involved in the regulation of both abiotic stress response and development. Oscbe1 mutants also showed ABA hypersensitivity during seed germination, suggesting OsCBE1 function for the stress response via ABA signaling. In silico analysis of OsCBE1 activity predicted a CCCH-type transcription factor, OsC3H32, as a putative substrate. Co-IP (Co-immunoprecipitation) study showed that OsCBE1 interacts with OsDDB1, an expected binding component of OsCBE1 and OsC3H32. Additionally, expression of OsOLE16, OsOLE18, and OsBURP5 were negatively related with expression of OsCBE1. These results suggest that OsCBE1 functions as a regulator of the abiotic stress response via CCCH as a member of the C4E3.

scholarly journals Overexpression of MdCPK1a gene, a calcium dependent protein kinase in apple, increase tobacco cold tolerance via scavenging ROS accumulation

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. e0242139
Author(s):  
Hui Dong ◽  
Chao Wu ◽  
Changguo Luo ◽  
Menghan Wei ◽  
Shenchun Qu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transgenic Plants ◽  
Cold Stress ◽  
Cold Tolerance ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Ros Scavenging ◽  
Tobacco Plants ◽  
Calcium Dependent ◽  
Ros Accumulation ◽  
Dependent Protein ◽  
Stress Related Genes

Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) are important calcium receptors, which play a crucial part in the process of sensing and decoding intracellular calcium signals during plant development and adaptation to various environmental stresses. In this study, a CDPK gene MdCPK1a, was isolated from apple (Malus×domestica) which contains 1701bp nucleotide and encodes a protein of 566 amino acid residues, and contains the conserved domain of CDPKs. The transient expression and western blot experiment showed that MdCPK1a protein was localized in the nucleus and cell plasma membrane. Ectopic expression of MdCPK1a in Nicotiana benthamiana increased the resistance of the tobacco plants to salt and cold stresses. The mechanism of MdCPK1a regulating cold resistance was further investigated. The overexpressed MdCPK1a tobacco plants had higher survival rates and longer root length than wild type (WT) plants under cold stress, and the electrolyte leakages (EL), the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were lower, and accordingly, antioxidant enzyme activities, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) were higher, suggesting the transgenic plants suffered less chilling injury than WT plants. Moreover, the transcript levels of ROS-scavenging and stress-related genes were higher in the transgenic plants than those in WT plants whether under normal conditions or cold stress. The above results suggest that the improvement of cold tolerance in MdCPK1a-overexpressed plants was due to scavenging ROS accumulation and modulating the expression of stress-related genes.

scholarly journals Xrp1 and Irbp18 trigger a feed-forward loop of proteotoxic stress to induce the loser status

PLoS Genetics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
pp. e1009946
Author(s):  
Paul F. Langton ◽  
Michael E. Baumgartner ◽  
Remi Logeay ◽  
Eugenia Piddini
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Oxidative Stress Response ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Cell Competition ◽  
Feed Forward ◽  
Feed Forward Loop ◽  
Proteotoxic Stress

Cell competition induces the elimination of less-fit “loser” cells by fitter “winner” cells. In Drosophila, cells heterozygous mutant in ribosome genes, Rp/+, known as Minutes, are outcompeted by wild-type cells. Rp/+ cells display proteotoxic stress and the oxidative stress response, which drive the loser status. Minute cell competition also requires the transcription factors Irbp18 and Xrp1, but how these contribute to the loser status is partially understood. Here we provide evidence that initial proteotoxic stress in RpS3/+ cells is Xrp1-independent. However, Xrp1 is sufficient to induce proteotoxic stress in otherwise wild-type cells and is necessary for the high levels of proteotoxic stress found in RpS3/+ cells. Surprisingly, Xrp1 is also induced downstream of proteotoxic stress, and is required for the competitive elimination of cells suffering from proteotoxic stress or overexpressing Nrf2. Our data suggests that a feed-forward loop between Xrp1, proteotoxic stress, and Nrf2 drives Minute cells to become losers.

scholarly journals Sucrose Enhances Anthocyanin Accumulation in Torenia by Promoting Expression of Anthocyanin Biosynthesis Genes

Horticulturae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 219
Author(s):  
Aung Htay Naing ◽  
Junping Xu ◽  
Kyeung Il Park ◽  
Mi Young Chung ◽  
Chang Kil Kim
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Transgenic Plants ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Anthocyanin Biosynthesis ◽  
Anthocyanin Accumulation ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Anthocyanin Production

We examined the effects of different sucrose concentrations (3%, 5%, and 7%) on anthocyanin accumulation and plant growth in wild type (WT) and transgenic (T2) torenia cultivar “Kauai Rose” overexpressing the anthocyanin regulatory transcription factors B-Peru + mPAP1 or RsMYB1. Sucrose increased anthocyanin production in both WT and transgenic plants, with higher anthocyanin production in transgenic plants compared to WT plants. Higher sucrose concentrations increased production of anthocyanin in transgenic and WT plants, with increased anthocyanin production associated with increased expression of anthocyanin biosynthesis genes. Higher sucrose concentrations reduced growth of WT and transgenic plants. Our results indicate that sucrose enhances anthocyanin production in torenia by regulating anthocyanin biosynthesis genes.

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