scholarly journals Addictive use of smartphone, depression and anxiety among female undergraduates in Nigeria: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 443-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olusola Ayandele ◽  
Olugbenga A Popoola ◽  
Tolulope O Oladiji
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
The Body ◽  
Smartphone Addiction ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Average Rank ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Southwest Nigeria

PurposeThis study examined the prevalence and relationship between addictive use of smartphones and symptoms of depression and anxiety among female undergraduates.Design/methodology/approachStandardized scales were used to measure the addictive use of smartphones, depression and anxiety among 398 female students (mean age 21.75 years, SD = 2.67) at two large higher institutions in southwest Nigeria and were opportunely sampled. Two hypotheses were tested using Spearman's rho and Mann–Whitney U tests.FindingsThe results showed that 1.01% of the respondents were probable smartphone addicts and 17.34% were at-risk, while 14.32% and 16.33% manifested symptoms of anxiety and moderate-to-severe depression, respectively. Depression (r = 0.24, p < 0.01) and anxiety (r = 0.21, p < 0.01) have significant relationship with addictive use of smartphone. Addictive/at-risk smartphone users significantly scored higher on symptoms of depression (average rank of 233.40) than normal smartphone users (average rank of 191.88); U = 9387.50; z = −2.81, p < 0.05; Also, addictive/at-risk smartphone users reported significantly higher level of anxiety (average rank of 229.27) than normal smartphone users (average rank of 192.81); U = 9689.00; z = −2.46, p < 0.05.Research limitations/implicationsGeneralizing these results to a clinical setting and other at-risk demographic groups might prove difficult due to the respondents' condition of homogeneity.Practical implicationsThe findings suggest that relationships exist between the addictive use of smartphones and symptoms of depression and anxiety among undergraduate students in southwest Nigeria. Clinicians should assess smartphone use in the management of depression and anxiety disorders.Social implicationsUniversity administrators should target prevention and intervention strategies that would assist students to be taught positive ways of using their smartphones.Originality/valueThe study contributes to the body of knowledge by revealing relationships between smartphone addiction and mental health in an African sample.

scholarly journals Burden, depression and anxiety in primary caregivers of children and adolescents in renal replacement therapy

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 356-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angélica Godoy Torres Lima ◽  
Clécia Cristiane da Silva Sales ◽  
Welton Flávio de Lima Serafim
Keyword(s):  
Renal Replacement Therapy ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Replacement Therapy ◽  
Primary Caregivers ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
The Body ◽  
Renal Unit ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Cross Sectional

ABSTRACT Introduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is rare in children, but it causes repercussions in several aspects of life, because the disease and treatment cause great changes in the daily lives of the child and his family, increasing the burden on caregivers. Objective: To evaluate the burden of primary caregivers of children and adolescents who undergo renal replacement therapy (RRT). Methods: Cross-sectional, observational study performed at the Pediatric Renal Unit of a school hospital in the Northeast. Forty-nine primary caregivers of pediatric patients with CKD in RRT followed up in our clinic participated in the study. We used validated instruments to assess burden, depression and anxiety. We ran some tests to analyze the findings of burden, depression and anxiety in the sample. Results: Most of the caregivers are the mothers of these children (89.8%), aged between 36 and 45 years (46.9%), have Elementary School education only (55.1%) and reported feeling pain in the body (69.4%), but they did not have chronic disease. The majority of the children have been in RRT from 1 to 3 years (40.8%), aged from 9 to 11 years (30.6%), are male (55.1%), and under hemodialysis (38.8%). The caregivers had a moderate level of burden (2.10), a high prevalence of moderate to severe depression (18.4%) and anxiety (47%), and a strong correlation between burden, depression and anxiety. Conclusions: Caring for a child with CKD is an intense experience, with negative consequences, due to uncertainties about the future and the very care these children require. We need to do something to help these caregivers better manage care, as well as cope with their own feelings.

Demonstration of the relationship between MSD and online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kochu Therisa Karingada ◽  
Michael Sony
Keyword(s):  
Online Learning ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Right ◽  
Almost All

PurposeThe COVID-19 pandemic lockdown has caught many educational institutions by surprise and warranted an abrupt migration from offline to online learning. This has resulted in an education change, without any time for due consideration, as regards its impact on musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) on students. The purpose of this study is to investigate MSD related to online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown.Design/methodology/approachA cross-sectional study was conducted on undergraduate students in India. In total, 261 students participated in this online survey.FindingsThe study finds that around 80% of students have reported some symptom in the head, neck and eyes since they started online learning. In total, 58% have reported MSD symptom in the right shoulder and 56% in the right hand fingers. Besides, more than 40 % of students experienced some MSD symptoms, in almost all the body parts studied, due to online learning. Correlation analysis is conducted between time spent on online learning per day and MSD symptoms.Originality/valueThis is the first study conducted on MSD and online learning during COVID-19 pandemic.

Public service motivation and willingness to collaborate

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather Getha-Taylor ◽  
Alexa Haddock-Bigwarfe
Keyword(s):  
Homeland Security ◽  
Public Service ◽  
Public Service Motivation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Organizational Level ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Original Survey ◽  
The Individual

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine public service motivation (PSM) and the connection with collaborative attitudes among a sample of homeland security actors representing the public, private, and nonprofit sectors. Design/methodology/approach – This study examines relationships between measures of PSM and collaboration using original survey data and hierarchical multiple regression. Findings – Findings reveal strong positive relationships between PSM measures and attitudes toward collaboration at the individual and organizational level. Research limitations/implications – Survey results are cross-sectional and are from respondents participating in a single state's homeland security summit. Practical implications – It is expected that results can be used to enhance collaboration at the individual and organizational levels. At the organizational level, results can be used for matching individuals with collaborative opportunities. At the individual level, results can be used for enhanced self-reflection and effectiveness purposes. Originality/value – This study provides insights on the relationship between PSM measures and collaborative attitudes. The research contributes to the body of scholarly work connecting PSM and correlates of interest.

scholarly journals PREVALENCE OF SMARTPHONE ADDICTION AMONG STUDENTS OF COLLEGES OF REHABILITATION SCIENCES

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 14-18
Author(s):  
Mehreen Zahid
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Smartphone Addiction ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mental Health Issues ◽  
Rehabilitation Sciences

BACKGROUND AND AIM Smartphones have become an essential tool now days that impact psychologically as well as physically to the user. This study rules out smartphone excess usage and its addiction amongst pupil from Colleges of Rehabilitation Sciences METHODOLOGY A cross-sectional study was conducted on 260 medical students out of which 50 dropped out later. Smartphone Addiction Scale (SAS) was used to assess the level of smartphone addiction amongst these individuals. RESULTS The statistical value of mean is 1.48 for both the genders whereas the statistical value of mean for age ranging from 20-25 years is 21.7 and the standard deviation is 0.50 for gender and 1.38 for the included age group. Only 7 participants (3.3%) were found to have low smartphone addiction level, 108 participants (51.4%) to be moderately addicted and 95 participants (45.2%) to have higher addiction. CONCLUSION The excessive use of smartphone was significant among the individuals aged 22 years and more specifically the more males than the females were found to be more addicted by smartphone. Our findings may help in the development of policies and guidelines which should be followed by the students to improve their quality of life and mental health issues such as depression and anxiety.

scholarly journals Screening of Anxiety and Depression Related CD4 Count of People Living with HIV/AIDS with Anti-Retroviral in Medan, Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (16) ◽  
pp. 2590-2594
Author(s):  
Dona Farila Agus ◽  
Elmeida Effendy ◽  
Vita Camellia
Keyword(s):  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Correlation Strength ◽  
Hiv Aids

BACKGROUND: HIV, which causes AIDS, infects the immune system cells, by destroying or damaging the function of the CD4. PLWHA will have twice the risk of experiencing mental health disorders such as depression and anxiety compared with the general population, thereby suppressing immune function, decreasing their quality of life, decreasing the level of adherence to treatment, and contributing significantly to the occurrence of premature death. AIM: To determine the correlation Anxiety and Depression symptoms and CD4 levels in PLWHA who are undergoing Anti-Retroviral treatment at the HIV/AIDS METHODS: The study was a cross-sectional study, which assesses the correlation between Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale scores (HADS) and CD4 levels in PLWHA who are receiving ARV in the HIV/AIDS Special Services Polyclinic Medan Haji general hospital. RESULTS: It was found that the average HADS-A score, PLWHA was 15.286 and the SD ± 2.244. This shows that PLWHA is in moderate to severe anxiety and moderate to severe depression. The mean CD4 level of people with HIV/AIDS/PLWHA was 288.171 and SD ± 88.955. According to WHO criteria, regarding the classification of HIV immunodeficiency in adults, are classified as moderate immunodeficiency. There was a significant correlation between the HADS-A score and CD4 level with a correlation value of r = -0.592 indicating a negative correlation with a moderate correlation strength, and the correlation between HADS-D score and CD4 level. The strength of the relationship between HADS-D score and CD4 level is r = -0.650, shows a negative correlation with strong correlation strength. CONCLUSION: from this study, it was found that there is a relationship between depression and anxiety symptom and CD4 level.

scholarly journals The prevalence of smartphone addiction and its correlation with depression among higher college of technology students, Oman

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 1833
Author(s):  
Adil M. AL Mahrooqi ◽  
Talal A. AL Agbari ◽  
Asma S. AL Shidhani
Keyword(s):  
Severe Depression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Depression Score ◽  
Smartphone Addiction ◽  
Short Version ◽  
Mild Depression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Technology Students ◽  
College Of Technology ◽  
Patient Health

Background: The aim of this study is to identify the prevalence of smartphone addiction and its correlation with depression among Higher College of Technology students in Oman.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Higher College of Technology, Oman. A self-reported questionnaire was distributed electronically to students between January and February 2017. The questionnaire contained a validated short version of the smartphone addiction scale (SAS-SV) and a validated Arabic version of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), along with a single question to self-assess smartphone addiction.Results: With a response rate of 86.2%, a total of 376 students were considered, of whom 34.6% were males and 65.4% were females, with an overall mean age of 20.9 years. This study showed that the prevalence of smartphone addiction in the study population using the SAS-SV was 63.8%; 88.3% of students were using their smartphones for four hours or more per day and 80% had been using smartphones for more than four years. The overall depression rate was 32.2%. As the total depression score increased by 1 point, the smartphone addiction score increased by 0.428 points (p<0.005). The prevalence of smartphone addiction was 54.9% among those who had no depression, 80.3% among those who had mild depression, 75.9% among those who had moderate depression, and 96.2% among those who have severe depression (p<0.005).Conclusions: This study shows high smartphone addiction levels based on SAS-SV scores and found a significant positive correlation between smartphone addiction score and depression scores.

scholarly journals Mexican pregnant women show higher depression and anxiety with rising age and in the case of being single

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 227-236
Author(s):  
Irma Visoso Salgado ◽  
Jayson Leonel Moncada Mendoza ◽  
Hugo Mendieta Zerón
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Mild Depression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Psychology Service ◽  
First Time ◽  
Severe Anxiety

Background. Pregnancy is an important predisposition period to develop anxiety and depression, with a direct impact on the woman’s offspring. The aim of this study was to report the correlation between depression and anxiety in pregnant women and its association with the marital status and age. Materials. A descriptive, retrospective and cross-sectional study was conducted in the outpatient care of the Psychology Service at the “Mónica Pretelini Sáenz” Maternal Perinatal Hospital (HMPMPS), Toluca, Mexico, from June 2012 to March 2019. As routine, the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II) and the Beck Anxiety Inventory-Trait (BAIT), were applied to all women seeking attention at the HMPMPS. Only pregnant patients were selected for this study, with the women referred for the first time to the external Psychology Clinic as inclusion criteria. Pearson’s correlation coefficient and the frequency of cases for age, BDI-II, and BAIT were obtained using the IBM SPSS Statistics ® v.23 software. Results. The study included 2947 pregnant patients with a mean age of 28.6 ± 6.9 years. Of these, 2616 (88.8%) presented with mild anxiety, 269 (9.1%) with moderate, and 62 (2.1%) with severe anxiety. On the other hand, 2149 (72.9%) patients presented with minimal depression, 341 (11.6%) mild depression, 268 (9.1%) moderate depression, and 189 (6.4%) had severe depression. The correlations between age and BDI-II was –0.026 (P = 0.152), between age and BAI was –0.038 (P = 0.037), and between BAIT and BDI-II 0.650 (P ≤ 0.001). Conclusions. The age group with the highest frequency of depression and anxiety was from 20 to 29 years. The absence of a stable partner represented an important risk factor for anxiety and depression during pregnancy.

scholarly journals COMORBIDITY OF DEPRESSION AND ANXIETY AMONG STUDENTS AT THE KENYA MEDICAL TRAINING COLLEGES IN KENYA

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 360-370
Author(s):  
Jared Menecha ◽  
Susan Muriungi
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Medical Training ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Middle Level ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Co Morbidity

Objectives: To determine comorbidity of depression and anxiety among students at the Kenya Medical Training College, Kenya Methodology: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study design. Study participants were basic diploma students in a middle level college in Kenya. Data was collected using a researcher designed self-administered questionnaire for socio-demographic characteristics, the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) for severity of depression and the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) for the severity of anxiety in all the students in the seven largest KMTC campuses. All the participants gave informed consent. Results: 18.4% and 20.2% of group A and B respectively had moderate depression while 48.5% and 45.8% respectively had severe depression. The equivalents for anxiety in groups A and B were 24.4% and 23.6% for moderate anxiety and 32.1% and 31.5% for severe anxiety. There was a higher rate of depression and anxiety in thesecond year; with a statistically significant association between depression and anxiety and the year of study in the two groups (p<0.0001 each respectively). All the other social demographic characteristics had no statistically significant association with depression or anxiety in the two groups. There was a higher prevalence of depression and anxiety co-morbidity in both groups which was statistically significant (p<0.0001). Conclusion: Depression and anxiety were highly prevalent and significantly co-existent among the KMTC students. These mental conditions seemed to vary with the level of study training among college students. Therefore, the psychological well-being of college students need to be carefully addressed. There is need to closely monitor anxiety and depression to eliminate the risk factors and consequently prevent the development of adverse outcomes.

Symptoms of Depression and Anxiety, and Screening for Mental Disorders in Migrainous Patients

Cephalalgia ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Kowacs ◽  
MP Socal ◽  
SC Ziomkowski ◽  
VF Borges-Neto ◽  
DP Toniolo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Gender Education

The purpose of this clinic-based study was the assessment of symptoms of depression, anxiety, and non-specific psychiatric disorders amongst patients with migraine, compared with healthy subjects and with individuals with a non-neurological chronic disease. A cross-sectional study was carried out in which 178 individuals (migraine 51; psoriasis 35; healthy 92) were submitted to three scales: MADRS (depression), STAI-T (anxiety) and SRQ (screening for mental disorders). The subjects with migraine and psoriasis were from the Out-patient Clinics of Headache and of Dermatology, and the healthy volunteers were persons who were accompanying out-patients in the same hospital. Scores were analysed by MANOVA and by association analysis and logistic regression. Scores of all instruments were higher in the migrainous group, but the univariate analysis of association (using cut-offs) showed significance only for suspicion of mental disorders (SRQ). By logistic regression, variables with strongest association to migraine were gender, education, and SRQ in decreasing order.

scholarly journals Gambling Among Emerging Adults: How Gender and Risk Level Influence Associated Problem Behaviours

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew D Sanscartier ◽  
Jack Shen ◽  
Jason D Edgerton
Keyword(s):  
Problem Gambling ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Jeunes Adultes ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Problem Behaviours ◽  
Gambling Severity ◽  
And Gender

This study investigates mental health and substance use problems associated with gambling among Canadian emerging adults (ages 18–20 years). Drawing on a cross-sectional wave of 624 (47.8% male) participants from the Manitoba Longitudinal Study of Young Adults, our findings suggest that among emerging adults, problem gambling should be understood as part of a wider syndrome. The profile of syndromic associations varies with both problem gambling risk level and gender. With respect to risk level, regression models indicate that, relative to no-risk gamblers, lower risk gamblers are more likely to use drugs and alcohol, whereas higher risk gamblers report greater symptoms of depression and anxiety. Males and females present different barriers to recovery: High-risk female gamblers are more likely to rely on escape-avoidance coping mechanisms, whereas their male counterparts tend to lack perceived social support. Given the centrality of these two variables and the lack of literature addressing how they interact, we conclude that further research is needed to understand how gender and gambling severity interact to simultaneously influence gambling-related behaviours among emerging adults. RésuméCette étude porte sur les problèmes de santé mentale et de toxicomanie associés au jeu chez les jeunes adultes canadiens (âgés de 18 à 20 ans). Fondés sur une vague transversale de 624 participants (47,8% d’hommes) de l’étude longitudinale des jeunes adultes du Manitoba (MLSYA), nos résultats laissent entendre que, parmi les jeunes adultes, le jeu problématique devrait être abordé comme faisant partie d’un syndrome plus vaste. Le profil des associations syndromiques varie selon le niveau de risque de jeu problématique et le genre. En ce qui concerne le niveau de risque, les modèles de régression indiquent que, par rapport aux joueurs sans risque, les joueurs à faible risque sont plus susceptibles de consommer de la drogue et de l’alcool, tandis que les joueurs à risque plus élevé montrent des symptômes plus importants de dépression et d’anxiété. En parallèle, les hommes et les femmes rencontrent différents obstacles au rétablissement : les joueuses à haut risque sont plus susceptibles de compter sur des mécanismes d’adaptation comme l’échappement ou l’évitement, tandis que leurs homologues masculins ont tendance à manquer de soutien social perçu. Compte tenu de la centralité de ces deux variables et du manque de littérature traitant de leurs interactions, nous concluons qu’il est nécessaire de poursuivre les recherches pour comprendre les interactions entre le genre et la gravité du jeu pathologique afin d’influencer simultanément les comportements liés au jeu chez les jeunes adultes.

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