Relationship Between Employment Status, Reported Physical Activity, and Sitting Time During COVID-19 Pandemic

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Bryndan W. Lindsey ◽  
Ali Boolani ◽  
Justin J. Merrigan ◽  
Nelson Cortes ◽  
Shane V. Caswell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Employment Status ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Sitting Time ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Multiple Linear Regressions ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Linear Regressions ◽  
Daily Total

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has changed our working environment and divided workers into essential or nonessential statuses. Employment status is a major factor determining the amount of physical activity performed. Our purpose was to understand how employment status affects physical activity and sitting time. Methods: Between April 13 and May 4, 2020, 735 full-time employed individuals responded to a survey investigating daily life and overall health during the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants reported how much physical activity they had performed in the last 7 days. Multiple linear regressions were performed for physical activity and sitting time. Results: Physical activity was not associated with employment status. An interaction effect between hours worked and employment status was found for sitting time. Conclusions: Employment status was not related to physical activity; however, it did affect the amount of time spent sitting, with nonessential employees sitting more and working more hours than essential employees. Because greater amounts of daily total sitting time have been associated with increased risk of all-cause mortality, it is important that increased sitting time be attenuated by greater physical activity.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) and Determinants Among Obese Teachers in Makassar, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurzakiah Hasan MKM ◽  
Veni Hadju ◽  
Nurhaedar Jafar ◽  
Ridwan M. Thaha
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sitting Time ◽  
Moderate Physical Activity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Study Population

Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is related to the increased risk of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Teacher profession is an adult group with various risks of NCDs. This study aims to assess the determinants of the MetS in teachers with central obesity. Material and Methods: The study was conducted in Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia with cross- sectional study design on 12 secondary schools. The number of samples in this study was 129 teachers. The prevalence of the MetS was determined using criteria from the Joint Interim Statement, while physical activity and sitting time were measured using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Results: Respondents in our study were mostly women (78.3%) with an average age of 49.8 years. The prevalence of the MetS in our study population was 39.5%. The prevalence of the Mets was higher in Buginese ethnic (70.6%), respondents with more income (56.9%), bachelor degree (80.4%), married (98%), family history of diabetes mellitus, obesity, hypertension and heart diseases (52.9%), and moderate physical activity (37.3%). There was a significant relationship between sitting time 4 hours; p=0.004), parameters of Mets (p<0.001), LDL (p=0.026), and LDL/HDL ratio (p<0.001) with the Mets. Conclusions: The prevalence of the Mets is high among obese teachers in our study population. Sitting time was an important determinant for MetS among obese teachers.

Multimorbidity, mortality, and physical activity

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 272-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul D Loprinzi ◽  
Ovuokerie Addoh ◽  
Chelsea Joyner
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Minimal Effect ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
The Government ◽  
Physician Diagnosis

Objectives Multimorbidity and physical inactivity are individually associated with increased mortality risk, but the possibility for physical activity to moderate the multimorbidity–mortality relationship has yet to be investigated. Methods Data from the 1999–2006 NHANES were employed, with 16,091 participants constituting the analytic sample. Participants were followed through 2011, including a median follow-up of 99 months. Physical activity was assessed via self-report with multimorbidity assessed from physician diagnosis. Results After adjustment, for every 1 morbidity increase, participants had a 23% increased risk of all-cause mortality (HR = 1.23; 95% CI: 1.19–1.28; p < 0.001). Multimorbidity mostly remained associated with all-cause mortality across all levels of physical activity, with the exception of those achieving four times the dose of the government guidelines. Discussion With the exception of those who engaged in high levels of self-reported physical activity, physical activity had a minimal effect on the multimorbidity–mortality relationship.

scholarly journals Cambios en hábitos saludables relacionados con actividad física y sedentarismo durante un confinamiento nacional por covid-19 (Changes in healthy habits regarding physical activity and sedentary lifestyle during a national lockdown due to covid-19)

Retos ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 415-421
Author(s):  
Eva Santos-Miranda ◽  
Javier Rico-Díaz ◽  
Aida Carballo-Fazanes ◽  
Cristian Abelairas-Gómez
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Employment Status ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Sedentary Lifestyle ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Sitting Time ◽  
Redes Sociales ◽  
Humanitarian Crisis ◽  
Effective Strategies ◽  
Healthy Habits

  El presente estudio analizó el efecto del confinamiento en España derivado de la COVID-19 en niveles de actividad física diaria, ejercicio físico y comportamientos sedentarios. Tras la declaración del estado de alarma, se difundió un cuestionario por redes sociales con preguntas sociodemográficas, actividad física y comportamientos sedentarios. Posteriormente, se envió por correo electrónico otro cuestionario en relación con la nueva situación de confinamiento. Respondieron a ambos cuestionarios 474 participantes. Se registró un aumento del peso e índice de masa corporal durante el confinamiento (p < .001). Aumentó el número de días en los que se realizaba ejercicio físico en tiempo de ocio (p < .001), pero no el tiempo de práctica semanal total. Se redujo el tiempo de actividad física durante actividades académicas y/o profesionales y el tiempo destinado a desplazamientos (p < .001). Se registró un mayor tiempo de sueño, siestas y sedestación (p < .01). El presente estudio evidencia la necesidad de crear estrategias eficaces encaminadas a aumentar la práctica actividad física y promover los hábitos de vida saludables, especialmente durante la actual crisis humanitaria y posibles futuras.  Abstract. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of a lockdown in Spain due to COVID-19 on the levels of physical activity, exercise and sedentary lifestyle. After declaring state of alarm in Spain, a questionnaire was distributed via social networks with demographic questions, academic and/or employment status, physical activity and sedentary lifestyle. Subsequently, another questionnaire was sent by email in relation to the new lockdown measures. 474 participants replied to both questionnaires. An increase in weight and body mass index was recorded during lockdown (p <0.001). The number of days in which physical activity was practiced during leisure time increased (p <0.001), but the total time of weekly practice stayed the same. The time of physical activity during academic and the time spent walking was reduced, as well as was the time spent walking (p <0.001). Longer sleep, naps and sitting time was also recorded (p <0.01). The present study shows the need to create effective strategies aimed to increase the practice of physical activity and promote a healthy lifestyle during the current humanitarian crisis and possible future ones.

The influence of job stress and working environment on job satisfaction toward job performance

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roes Aldi Asaddiari Maulidka ◽  
Dessy Isfianadewi
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Job Performance ◽  
Work Environment ◽  
Job Stress ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Multiple Linear Regressions ◽  
Hrm Practices ◽  
Permanent Employees ◽  
Linear Regressions

The purpose of this research was to gain information on the influence of HRM practices especially job stress, working environment on job satisfaction toward job performance at Bank Mandiri as state-owned companies in Indonesia. The samples of this research were permanent employees of the company. The questionnaires were distributed to 150 respondents and the employees properly filled 115 questionnaires. The analytical model used in this research was multiple linear regressions. The results of this research proved that job stress significantly influence over job satisfaction because the value of significance is 0.019 (p < 0.05). Work environment with significance value of 0.000 (p < 0.05) is proved to have significant influence to job satisfaction. Job stress also proved to have significant influence to job performance based on the significance value of 0.008 (p < 0.05). Besides that, work environment with the significance value of 0.000 (p < 0.05) is proved to have significance value to job performance. Lastly, job satisfaction with the significance value of 0.000 (p < 0.05) is proved to have a significant value to job performance.

Do physical activity, sitting time and body mass index affect fertility over a 15-year period in women? Data from a large population-based cohort study

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 676-683 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela P Mena ◽  
Gregore I Mielke ◽  
Wendy J Brown
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Cumulative Incidence ◽  
Sitting Time ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Physical Activity Levels ◽  
Fertility Problems

Abstract STUDY QUESTION Do physical activity (PA), sitting time (ST) and body mass index (BMI) affect fertility over a 15-year period in Australian women? SUMMARY ANSWER Moderate and high levels of PA confer advantages for fertility in women with normal BMI, but increased risk of infertility was observed in obese women. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Higher BMI is positively associated with higher rates of problems with fertility, but the effects of physical activity and sitting time on fertility are less well understood. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION Participants in The Australian Longitudinal Study of Women’s Health (ALSWH) completed mailed surveys in 2000, with follow-ups in 2003, 2006, 2009, 2012 and 2015 (N = 6130). PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Participants were aged 22 to 27 in 2000. They were asked to report their physical activity levels, sitting time and fertility problems in each survey from 2000 to 2015. BMI was calculated from self-reported weight and height. Cumulative incidence of fertility problems was calculated from 2000 to 2015 and hazard ratios (HR) and 95% CIs were calculated using survival analysis. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE From 2000 to 2015, the cumulative incidence of fertility problems was 15.4% (95% CI: 14.5–16.4). High levels of PA were associated with reduced risk of problems with fertility [HR 0.82 (95% CI: 0.69–0.98)], and higher BMI was positively associated with fertility problems [overweight: HR 1.18, (95% CI 0.99–1.39); obese: HR 1.36, (95% CI 1.14–1.63)]. In survival analyses, incidence rates were highest in every survey interval in women who reported low PA levels and in women who were obese. Overall, ST was not associated with fertility problems. In stratified models, high levels of PA attenuated the risk of problems with fertility in women who were in the normal BMI category [HR 0.64, (95% CI 0.49–0.82)]. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION The ALSWH relies on self-reported data, which may be subject to recall bias. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS The study provides estimates of problems with fertility in a cohort of young adult Australian women, and the results indicate that these are inversely associated with physical activity levels and positively associated with BMI. However, the high infertility risk in obese women was not attenuated by high levels of PA. The protective effects of PA were only observed in women with normal BMI. As rates of developing problems with fertility were highest in every survey interval among women who reported low levels of physical activity and in women who were obese, these findings suggest that improving physical activity levels could be an affordable strategy to reduce problems with fertility in women who are trying to conceive. These findings should be considered by clinical and public health practitioners. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) The ALSWH is funded by the Australian Government. Funding for these analyses was provided by a University of Queensland (UQ) International Postgraduate Research Scholarship and a UQ International Development Fellowship. The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

scholarly journals Association between Physical Activity and Seasonal Variations in Metabolic and Vascular Function in Adults

Endocrines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 150-159
Author(s):  
Hiroto Honda ◽  
Makoto Igaki ◽  
Motoaki Komatsu ◽  
Shin-ichiro Tanaka
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Seasonal Variations ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Important Method ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Seasonal Impact ◽  
All Cause Mortality

This article highlights the association between physical activity (PA) and seasonal variations in metabolic and vascular function in adults. Increasing PA is an important method for preventing cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality by improving blood glucose, blood pressure, blood lipid profiles, body fat, insulin resistance, and vascular function, such as endothelial function. Conversely, various factors, such as seasonal climate conditions, may affect the amount of PA that individuals undertake. Changes in PA often induce seasonal variations in metabolic and vascular function; the deterioration of such functions in winter is the most prominent, and there is clear evidence of an increased risk of CVD in this season. Understanding the influence of PA on seasonal variations observed in metabolic and vascular function is necessary for the management of these physiological functions. In this article summary, few studies have proven that maintaining PA can suppress the variations, and it remains unclear what types, intensities, and durations of regular PA are effective for circumventing seasonal impact. In addition to further studies, there is a need to educate individuals about the strategies to manage PA and other aspects of their lifestyles throughout the year, particularly in winter.

Frequent, short bouts of light-intensity exercises while standing decreases systolic blood pressure: Breaking Up Sitting Time after Stroke (BUST-Stroke) trial

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 932-940 ◽  
Author(s):  
Coralie English ◽  
Heidi Janssen ◽  
Gary Crowfoot ◽  
Josephine Bourne ◽  
Robin Callister ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Light Intensity ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Plasma Fibrinogen ◽  
Sitting Time ◽  
Stroke Survivors ◽  
Clotting Factors ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Intensity Physical Activity

Background Stroke survivors sit for long periods each day. Uninterrupted sitting is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Breaking up uninterrupted sitting with frequent, short bouts of light-intensity physical activity has an immediate positive effect on blood pressure and plasma clotting factors in healthy, overweight, and type 2 diabetic populations. Aim We examined the effect of frequent, short bouts of light-intensity physical activity on blood pressure and plasma fibrinogen in stroke survivors. Methods Prespecified secondary analyses from a three-armed randomized, within-participant, crossover trial. Participants were 19 stroke survivors (nine female, aged 68 years old, 90% able to walk independently). The experimental conditions were sitting for 8 h uninterrupted, sitting with 3 min bouts of light-intensity exercise while standing every 30 min, or sitting with 3 min of walking every 30 min. Blood pressure was measured every 30 min over 8 h and plasma fibrinogen at the beginning, middle, and end of each day. Intention-to-treat analyses were performed using linear mixed models including fixed effects for condition, period, and order, and a random intercept for participant to account for repeated measures and missing data. Results Sitting with 3 min bouts of light-intensity exercise while standing every 30 min decreased systolic blood pressure by 3.5 mmHg (95% CI 1.7–5.4) compared with sitting for 8 h uninterrupted. For participants not taking antihypertensive medications, sitting with 3 min of walking every 30 min decreased systolic blood pressure by 5.0 mmHg (95% CI −7.9 to 2.0) and sitting with 3 min bouts light-intensity exercise while standing every 30 min decreased systolic blood pressure by 4.2 mmHg (95% CI −7.2 to −1.3) compared with sitting for 8 h uninterrupted. There was no effect of condition on diastolic blood pressure (p = 0.45) or plasma fibrinogen levels (p = 0.91). Conclusion Frequent, short bouts of light-intensity physical activity decreases systolic blood pressure in stroke survivors. However, before translation into clinical practice, the optimal duration and timing of physical activity bouts needs to be determined. Clinical trial registration Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry http://www.anzctr.org.au ANZTR12615001189516.

Physical activity, body mass index, and blood progranulin in older adults: cross-sectional associations in the MAPT study

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jérémy Raffin ◽  
Davide Angioni ◽  
Kelly V Giudici ◽  
Philippe Valet ◽  
Geetika Aggarwal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Multiple Linear Regressions ◽  
Opposite Pattern ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Linear Regressions

Abstract Physical activity (PA) has been shown to moderate the negative effects of obesity on pro-inflammatory cytokines but its relationship with the adipokine progranulin (PGRN) remains poorly investigated. This study aimed to examine the cross-sectional main and interactive associations of body mass index (BMI) and PA level with circulating PGRN in older adults. Five-hundred and twelve subjects aged 70 years and over involved in the Multidomain Alzheimer Prevention Trial (MAPT) Study who underwent plasma PGRN measurements (ng/ml) were included. Self –reported PA levels were assessed using questionnaires. People were classified into three BMI categories: normal weight, overweight or obesity. Further categorization using PA tertiles was used to define highly active, moderately active and low active individuals. Multiple linear regressions were performed in order to test the associations of BMI, PA level, and their interaction with PGRN levels. Multiple linear regressions adjusted by age, sex, diabetes mellitus status, total cholesterol, creatinine level and MAPT group demonstrated significant interactive associations of BMI status and continuous PA such that in people without obesity, higher PA levels were associated with lower PGRN concentrations, while an opposite pattern was found in individuals with obesity. In addition, continuous BMI was positively associated with circulating PGRN in highly active individuals but not in their less active peers. This cross-sectional study demonstrated reverse patterns in older adults with obesity compared to those without obesity regarding the relationships between PA and PGRN levels. Longitudinal and experimental investigations are required to understand the mechanisms that underlie the present findings.

Abstract 14662: Relationships Between Physical Activity, Coronary Artery Calcium, and Cardiovascular Outcomes in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis: MESA

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (Suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles A German ◽  
Jason Fanning ◽  
Matthew J Singleton ◽  
Michael D Shapiro ◽  
Peter H Brubaker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Artery Calcium ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Ethnic Study ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard Regression ◽  
Reduced Risk

Introduction: Physical activity is associated with decreased rates of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and mortality. However, high levels of physical activity (PA) have paradoxically been linked with elevated levels of coronary artery calcium (CAC). It remains unclear whether high levels of physical activity in the presence of high CAC are associated with adverse outcomes in a diverse, multi-ethnic population. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that high compared to low levels of PA are associated with a reduction in incident ASCVD and all-cause mortality, even in the presence of high CAC. Methods: Baseline total PA (MET-min/week) in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA), obtained via questionnaire, was divided into quartiles. CAC was dichotomized into low (CAC <100 Agatston Units (AU)) and high (CAC ≥100 AU) categories. Outcomes of interest included ASCVD and all-cause mortality. Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was used to assess associations between PA, ASCVD, and all-cause mortality among low and high CAC groups. Results: Among the 6,814 participants included in this study, the average age was 62 years, 53% were female, and 38% were non-Hispanic white. In participants with CAC <100 AU and PA in the highest quartile, we observed a significant reduction in ASCVD and all-cause mortality compared with participants in the lowest PA quartile (Table1). In participants with CAC ≥100 AU and PA in the highest quartile, we observed a significant reduction in all-cause mortality, but no difference in the risk of ASCVD compared with participants in the lowest PA quartile. Conclusions: Our study suggests that high levels of PA are associated with a reduced risk of ASCVD and all-cause mortality among individuals with low CAC, and a reduced risk of all-cause mortality among individuals with high CAC. There was no evidence to suggest an increased risk of ASCVD from high levels of PA in individuals with high CAC.

P627Patterns of physical activity over 22 years and mortality: the HUNT Study, Norway

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
T Moholdt ◽  
B Moe ◽  
T I L Nilsen
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Baseline Measure ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Reference Category ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Hunt Study ◽  
Cvd Mortality

Abstract Background The majority of studies relating physical activity (PA) to mortality have assessed PA using one baseline measure. Important questions in a preventive perspective are whether you can compensate for prior physical inactivity by taking up PA at a later stage in life and whether being physically active earlier in life can confer benefits even if you become inactive later. We investigated how patterns of PA over 22 years associated with all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality. Methods We used data from the prospective population-based HUNT Study in Norway, including 10,491 men and 12,655 women aged ≥20 years who participated at HUNT in 1984–86 and 2006–08. PA was categorised into inactive, <2 h/week or ≥2 h/week, making nine categories of patterns of PA over 22 years. All-cause and CVD mortality were assessed from the national Cause of Death Registry, with follow-up until the end of 2013. We used Cox regression to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for all-cause and CVD mortality within categories of PA patterns, compared to the reference category of individuals who reported ≥2 h/week at both examinations. Estimates were adjusted for baseline age, sex, body mass index, smoking, education level and blood pressure. Results Individuals who were inactive in both 1984–86 and in 2006–08 had increased risk of all-cause mortality (HR 1.99, 95% CI 1.48–2.67) and CVD mortality (HR 2.68, 95% 1.47–4.86) compared to those who were physically active ≥2 h/week at both examination. The HRs for all-cause and CVD mortality were 1.60 (1.22–2.15) and 1.90 (1.06–3.42), respectively, for those who reported PA of <2h/week at both examinations. Individuals who went from being physically active in 1984–86 to inactive in 2006–08, had a comparable risk of all-cause and CVD mortality as those who were inactive at both examinations. Overall, the mortality risk was still increased in those who took up PA between the two examinations, compared to the reference category. Physical activity & all-cause mortality. Discussion Individuals who remained physically inactive or who decreased their PA over 22 years had substantially increased all-cause and CVD mortality risk. Taking up PA only attenuated the risk but a high level of sustained PA was associated with the lowest risk. Acknowledgement/Funding Funded by the Norwegian Health Association

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