THE BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF 3,6-EPIDITHIADIKETOPIPERAZINES: INHIBITION OF GROWTH OF BACILLUS SUBTILIS BY GLIOTOXINS, SPORIDESMINS, AND CHETOMIN

1966 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1187-1195 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Brewer ◽  
D. E. Hannah ◽  
A. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Disulfide Bridge ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Lag Phase ◽  
Fungal Metabolites ◽  
Inhibition Of Growth

The ability of chetomin and the sporidesmin and gliotoxin groups of fungal metabolites to inhibit the growth of Bacillus subtilis (HLX 373) has been examined. With the exception of gliotoxin dibenzoate, compounds having the 3,6-epidithiadiketopiperazine structure, when added to the culture medium before inoculation, increased the lag phase of growth; this increase was influenced by the number of organisms in the inoculum and the concentration of the metabolite. When the disulfide bridge was eliminated chemically, the resulting degradation products were biologically inactive.

scholarly journals CULTURAL MORPHOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF BACILLUS SUBTILIS STRAINS

2019 ◽  
pp. 58-62
Author(s):  
V. S. Rusaleyev ◽  
О. V. Pruntova ◽  
D. A. Vasilyev
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Antagonistic Effect ◽  
Lag Phase ◽  
Probiotic Properties ◽  
Biochemical Characteristics ◽  
Species Characteristics ◽  
One Year

A decrease in therapeutic effect of some live lacto- and bifdobacteria-based drugs for veterinary use has been observed for the last 20 years that urges scientists to search for new microorganisms possessing probiotic properties. Many studies in this feld are focused onBacillus subtilisthat is widespread in the environment and non-pathogenic for animals and humans. Results of tests ofBacillus subtilisfor its biological properties and antagonistic activity aimed at optimization of methodical approaches for detection of strain with the highest antagonistic effect on some opportunistic microorganisms and their further use as probiotics are described. Cultural morphological and biochemical characteristics of the tested strains conformed to the species characteristics ofBacillus subtilis.Tested strains were nonpathogenic for white mice. Tests showed that spore biomass could be prepared both in liquid and on solid nutrient media. Methodically, spore biomass preparation in liquid nutrient medium is preferable. The tests showed that spores emerged from anabiosis non-uniformly and it depended on original seed spore storage period. Spore cultures stored less than one year emerged from anabiosis more quickly. It was found that the spores formed more readily when the cultures were aerated with oxygen as well as that lag-phase culture medium had a stimulating effect onBacillus subtilisspore germination.Bacillus subtilisstrains were found to have antagonistic effect onEscherichia coli, SalmonellaandStaphylococcus. Area of growth inhibition of the said bacteria was 15–20 mm. TestedBacillus subtilisstrains could be proposed for use as probiotics.

scholarly journals The influence of Bacillus subtilis on tin-coated copper in an aqueous environment

RSC Advances ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 4671-4679
Author(s):  
Ruilin Xiong ◽  
Kui Xiao ◽  
Pan Yi ◽  
Yuting Hu ◽  
Chaofang Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Corrosion Behaviour ◽  
Aqueous Environment

The effect of Bacillus subtilis (BS) on the corrosion behaviour of tin-coated copper was investigated by exposing the sample to a culture medium inoculated with BS.

In Vitro Removal of Ochratoxin A by Wine Lactic Acid Bacteria

2007 ◽  
Vol 70 (9) ◽  
pp. 2155-2160 ◽  
Author(s):  
VINCENZO DEL PRETE ◽  
HECTOR RODRIGUEZ ◽  
ALFONSO V. CARRASCOSA ◽  
BLANCA de las RIVAS ◽  
EMILIA GARCIA-MORUNO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Ochratoxin A ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Cell Binding ◽  
A Cell ◽  
In Vitro Interaction

A study was carried out to determine the in vitro interaction between ochratoxin A (OTA) and wine lactic acid bacteria (LAB). Fifteen strains belonging to five relevant oenological LAB species were grown in liquid synthetic culture medium containing OTA. The portion of OTA removed during the bacterial growth was 8 to 28%. The OTA removed from the supernatants was partially recovered (31 to 57%) from the bacterial pellet. Cell-free extracts of three representative strains were produced by disrupting cells in a French pressure cell. The ability of crude cell-free extracts to degrade OTA was studied. OTA was not degraded by cell-free extracts of wine LAB strains, and no degradation products of OTA were detected in the high-performance liquid chromatograms of the methanol extract of the bacterial pellet. On the basis of these results, we conclude that OTA removal by wine LAB is a cell-binding phenomenon. The chemistry and the molecular basis of OTA binding to wine LAB remains unknown.

Antibacterial Effects of Long-Chain Polyphosphates on Selected Spoilage and Pathogenic Bacteria

2008 ◽  
Vol 71 (7) ◽  
pp. 1401-1405 ◽  
Author(s):  
JEREMY A. OBRITSCH ◽  
DOJIN RYU ◽  
LUCINA E. LAMPILA ◽  
LLOYD B. BULLERMAN
Keyword(s):  
Food Industry ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Lag Phase ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Inhibition Of Growth ◽  
K 12 ◽  
Chain Lengths ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Long Chain

The antimicrobial activities of four long-chain food-grade polyphosphates were studied at concentrations allowed in the food industry (<5,000 ppm) in defined basal media by determining the inhibition of growth of three gram-negative and four gram-positive spoilage and pathogenic bacteria. Both generation time and lag phase of Escherichia coli K-12, E. coli O157: H7, and Salmonella Typhimurium were increased with all of the polyphosphates tested. Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus were more sensitive to polyphosphates, but not in all cases, with multiphased growth. The growth of Lactobacillus plantarum was inhibited by polyphosphates at concentrations above 750 ppm, but the lag time of Listeria monocytogenes was shortened by the presence of polyphosphates. No single polyphosphate was maximally inhibitory against all bacteria. Polyphosphates with chain lengths of 12 to 15 were significantly different from those with chain lengths of 18 to 21 depending on the organism and concentrations of polyphosphate used. Overall, higher polyphosphate concentrations resulted in greater inhibition of bacterial growth.

Synthesis and action of nitric oxide in rat glomerular mesangial cells

1991 ◽  
Vol 261 (4) ◽  
pp. F600-F606 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. Shultz ◽  
M. A. Tayeh ◽  
M. A. Marletta ◽  
L. Raij
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Mesangial Cells ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Specific Inhibitor ◽  
Cgmp Level ◽  
Glomerular Mesangial Cells ◽  
Intracellular Cgmp ◽  
Stimulation Of

Macrophages and certain tumor cell lines can be induced to synthesize nitric oxide (NO) from L-arginine after stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or cytokines. In the present study, we have found that culture medium collected after 24 h from unstimulated rat mesangial cells (MC) contains 6.3 +/- 1.2 microM of NO3-/NO2- (the degradation products of NO). These levels were significantly increased when MC were incubated with LPS (10 micrograms/ml) for 24 h (23.9 +/- 4.1, P less than 0.05). The specific inhibitor of NO synthesis, NG-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA) completely inhibited LPS-stimulated production of NO3-/NO2-, confirming that the NO3-/NO2- was derived from NO within the MC. Recent studies suggest that endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF) produced by vascular endothelium is also NO, and we have previously shown that both EDRF and NO stimulate increases in MC guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP). Thus we sought to determine whether NO synthesized by the MC could affect cGMP levels within the same cells. After 24-h incubation with LPS (10 micrograms/ml), intracellular cGMP level within the MC was 706.3 +/- 197 (SE) compared with 40.5 +/- 7 fmol/micrograms protein in control MC incubated in media alone (P less than 0.01). The changes in cGMP in response to LPS were inhibited by greater than 90% by L-NMMA. Similar to LPS, incubation of MC with the cytokine gamma-interferon also increased NO3-/NO2- in the culture media and increased cGMP levels within MC. The induction of NO synthesis within MC and the concomitant stimulation of MC cGMP may be important in the modulation of the effects of endotoxemia, as well as inflammation, within the glomerulus.

scholarly journals Enhancement of protease production by the optimization of Bacillus subtilis culture medium

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheong, J.Y. ◽  
Mustafa, M. ◽  
Abd. Aziz, N.A. ◽  
Go, R. ◽  
Ahmad Adli, A.
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Protease Production

scholarly journals Bunias erucago L.: Glucosinolate Profile and In Vitro Biological Potential

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 741 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivica Blažević ◽  
Azra Đulović ◽  
Vedrana Čikeš Čulić ◽  
Franko Burčul ◽  
Ivica Ljubenkov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Degradation Products ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Mediterranean Area ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Glucosinolate Content ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Biological Potential ◽  
Glucosinolate Profile

Bunias erucago belongs to the Brassicaceae family, which represents a forgotten crop of the Euro-Mediterranean area. The aim of the present study was to determine the glucosinolate profile in different plant parts and biological properties (antioxidant, anticholinesterase, and cytotoxic activities) of the isolates containing glucosinolate breakdown products. The chemical profiles were determined by using HPLC-PDA-MS/MS of desulfoglucosinolates and GC-MS of glucosinolate degradation products. The analysis of B. erucago showed the presence of seven glucosinolates: gluconapin (1), glucoraphasatin (2), glucoraphenin (3), glucoerucin (4), glucoraphanin (5), glucotropaeolin (6), and glucosinalbin (7). The total glucosinolate content ranged from 7.0 to 14.6 µmol/g of dry weight, with the major glucosinolate glucosinalbin in all parts. The antioxidant activity of all volatile isolates was not notable. At a tested concentration of 227 μg/mL, flower hydro-distillate (FH) showed good AChE inhibition, i.e., 40.9%, while root hydro-distillate (RH) had good activity against BChE, i.e., 54.3%. FH showed the best activity against both tested human bladder cancer cell lines, i.e., against T24 after 72 h, which have IC50 of 16.0 μg/mL, and against TCCSUP after 48 h with IC50 of 7.8 μg/mL, and can be considered as highly active. On the other hand, RH showed weak activity against tested cancer cells.

scholarly journals Food additives reduce lactic acid bacterial growth in culture medium and in meat products, increasing product shelf life

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 3681
Author(s):  
Cleonice Mendes Pereira Sarmento ◽  
Eliane Colla ◽  
Cristiane Canan ◽  
Francieli Dalcanton ◽  
Gláucia Maria Falcão de Aragão
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Shelf Life ◽  
Bacterial Growth ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Sodium Lactate ◽  
Lag Phase ◽  
Pork Sausages

The uncontrolled growth of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in meat and meat products leads to product spoilage, and thus shortens product shelf life. Although food additives are known to decrease LAB growth, this effect has not been analyzed in detail. Here, a detailed analysis was performed of the effects of sodium chloride, sodium polyphosphate, sodium lactate, sodium nitrite/nitrate, and garlic on the growth of the Lactobacillus plantarum in culture medium. The results were used to design and test experimental formulations of meat products. Initially, the effect of food additives on L. plantarum was evaluated using a Fractional Factorial Design (FFD), followed by a Central Composite Rotatable Design (CCRD). The Modified Gompertz Model was adjusted to the growth curves to determine the Kinetic parameters of bacterial growth (logarithmic increase in the population, specific growth rate, and lag phase extension). Higher sodium lactate and sodium chloride levels had a negative impact on L. plantarum growth parameters (p?0.05). Therefore, we designed experimental formulations of mortadella and smoked pork sausages containing 4% sodium lactate (w w-1) and 2.4-3.5% sodium chloride (w w-1), and determined LAB growth from samples of stored products produced according to these formulations, in order to determine product shelf life. There was an increased lag phase of LAB growth for most experimental formulations. Also, the experimental smoked pork sausages had a longer shelf life, which was increased by at least 22 days, suggesting that the proposed formulation, with higher than standard lactate concentration, increased the product’s shelf life.

Métabolisme de l'acide indolyl-3-acétique dans les cultures de cellules d'Acer pseudoplatanus cultivés in vitro

1977 ◽  
Vol 55 (19) ◽  
pp. 2530-2534 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Maillard ◽  
J.-P. Zrÿd
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Cell Suspensions ◽  
The Other ◽  
Acer Pseudoplatanus ◽  
Kinetics Of

Incubation of cell suspensions of sycamore (Acer pseudoplatanus) with β-indoyl-3-acetic acid (IAA) first led to the formation of IAA-glycosides, then to that of IAA-aspartate. Great differences are observed between the kinetics of IAA transformed by two distinct strains: one, auxin dependent (S), the other, auxin independent (MB). Other degradation products are only found in the culture medium. The localization of IAA-degrading systems in the cell wall is postulated. The auxin requirement of the S strain is discussed.

scholarly journals Chromatography of transforming deoxyribonucleic acid on methylated albumin and by gel filtration

1974 ◽  
Vol 137 (3) ◽  
pp. 543-546
Author(s):  
G. R. Barker ◽  
P. Hodges
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
High Molecular Weight ◽  
Deoxyribonucleic Acid ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Agarose Gel ◽  
Transforming Activity ◽  
Different Strains ◽  
Two Peaks

1. Native DNA from two strains of Bacillus subtilis was chromatographed by stepwise elution from MAK (methylated albumin on kieselguhr). 2. Transforming activity was confined to two out of the three main fractions, activity being distributed between the two peaks differently for DNA from the different strains. 3. Fractionation of DNA from both strains on 2% agarose gel gave two components. Approx. 75% of the material was eluted within the void volume of the column. Approx. 25% of the material consisted of degradation products of lower molecular weight. 4. Chromatography on MAK of the material of high molecular weight eluted from agarose gel gave a number of peaks differing in molecular weight, indicating that degradation of the DNA takes place during chromatography on MAK. 5. The distribution of transforming activity among the fractions from MAK suggests that degradation occurs preferentially in certain regions of the DNA.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document