scholarly journals Factors Affecting the Utilization of a Minimum of Four Antenatal Care Services in Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Garoma Wakjira Basha
Keyword(s):  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Wealth Index ◽  
Complete Information ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Household Wealth ◽  
Routine Care ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Poor Households ◽  
Nationally Representative

Background. Antenatal care is defined as the routine care of pregnant women provided between conception and the onset of labor. This study is aimed to identify factors affecting the utilization of antenatal care (ANC) services in Ethiopia. Methods. The study used data from the nationally representative 2016 Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS). A total of 7,167 mothers who gave birth within five years preceding the 2016 EDHS whose complete information was available in the survey were included in this study. Logistic regression statistical analyses were used to identify factors associated with the utilization of a minimum of 4 ANC services in Ethiopia. Results. Among the 7,167 women included in this study, 2,598 (36.6%) had utilized a minimum of 4 ANC services in Ethiopia. This study showed that factors such as place of residence, region, mothers’ education level, household wealth index, desire for pregnancy, frequency of reading newspaper, frequency of listening to radio, and frequency of watching TV were associated with the utilization of a minimum of four ANC services at 5% level of significance in Ethiopia. Conclusion. Strategies to increase the accessibility and availability of healthcare services are important particularly for communities in rural areas. Financial support that enables mothers from poor households to use health services will be beneficial. Health promotion programs targeting mothers with no education are vital to increase their awareness about the importance of antenatal services.

scholarly journals Association between type of cooking fuel and body mass index among women in Cambodia

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 128-133
Author(s):  
Heidi Rowles
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Wealth Index ◽  
Household Wealth ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Cooking Fuel ◽  
Younger Women ◽  
Poor Households ◽  
Nationally Representative

Introduction: Solid cooking fuel is the primary source of energy for almost half of the world’s population. Studies have examined the association between solid cooking fuel and respiratory and cardiovascular disease, negative pregnancy outcomes, and shortened life expectancy. However, no study has examined the association between solid cooking fuel and Body Mass Index (BMI) among women in Cambodia. Methods: Data was taken from the 2014 Cambodia Demographic and Health Survey (N=3249), women aged 15-49 years. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to determine the association between type of cooking fuel and BMI, controlling for age, education, marital status, parity, employment status, kitchen being a separate room, location of cooking food, and household wealth index. Results: Compared to younger women, older women were more likely to be overweight/obese shown by multivariable adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) for women aged 25-34 years 2.64 (1.80, 3.86), and for women aged 35-49 years 4.97 (3.20, 7.72). Compared to women who reside in poor households, the odds of being overweight/obese were higher for women residing in a middle household wealth index 2.62 (1.52, 4.52), and women residing in rich household wealth index 2.78 (1.83, 4.24). When adjusting for potential confounding variables, the association between type of cooking fuel and BMI observed in the unadjusted model disappeared (p = 0.103). Conclusion: These findings indicate that type of cooking fuel is not significantly associated with BMI in a nationally representative sample of women in Cambodia.

ASSOCIATION OF SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS WITH DIARRHEA IN CHILDREN LESS THAN FIVE YEARS: A SECONDARY ANALYSIS OF MULTIPLE INDICATOR CLUSTER SURVEY SINDH 2014

1970 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-89
Author(s):  
Muhammad Irfan ◽  
Syed Mustansir Hussain Zaidi ◽  
Hira Fatima Waseem
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Wealth Index ◽  
Household Wealth ◽  
Cluster Survey ◽  
Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Multiple Indicator ◽  
Mother Education ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors

Background: Diarrhea founds to be the major cause of morbidity and mortality in children less than five years. Various factors are associated with diarrhea but socio-demographic factors are the main key elements, which associated with diarrhea. Methods: This study was examined association of socio-demographic factors with diarrhea in children less than five years of age of Sindh, Pakistan, using data from the Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS) conducted from January 2014 to August 2014. Data were collected for 18,108 children in whom 16,449 children had complete data of demographic variables being included in the analysis. Bivariate analysis was done using Pearson's Chi square test and multivariate analysis being done using binary logistic regression. Results: We found increased risk of diarrhea among children lives in rural areas while household wealth index quintile was also associated with diarrhea. Children in the poor, middle and fourth wealth index quintiles being at increased risk of diarrhea compared to children in the richest wealth index quintile. The highest risk of diarrhea was found for the child having mother with no education as well as children aged 12-23 months. Conclusion: Age of child, mother education and wealth index found significant with diarrhea while Male children, child aged 12-23 months, child with no mother education, child from rural areas and child from poor households found with high risk of diarrhea.

Demographic and socioeconomic factors affecting infant mortality in Egypt

1990 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 447-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassan Y. Aly
Keyword(s):  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Socioeconomic Factors ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Reduce Infant Mortality ◽  
Nationally Representative

SummaryThis paper analyses the relative importance of demographic and socioeconomic factors with respect to their role in reducing infant mortality in Egypt.Logit analyses of data from a nationally representative sample of Egyptian households, and for urban and rural households separately, indicate that demographic factors have more effect on infant mortality than socioeconomic factors. The results also show the need to improve housing in urban areas and sewerage systems in rural areas in order to reduce infant mortality. One of the most important policy conclusions, however, concerns the importance of providing a vigorous educational campaign to enlighten mothers and prospective mothers in both rural and urban areas on the positive effects of breast-feeding, longer birth intervals, and fewer children on the survival of infants.

scholarly journals INDIVIDUAL AND CONTEXTUAL FACTORS AFFECTING DPT IMMUNIZATION IN INDONESIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-31
Author(s):  
Resti Wahyuni ◽  
Titik Harsanti
Keyword(s):  
Junior High School ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Contextual Factors ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Poor Households ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Individual

Nowadays, diphtheria cases always increase from year to year. Until now, no drug has been found to cure diphtheria, but there is the most effective way of prevention through immunization. It is known that diphtheria sufferers who don’t get immunizations increase every year. The purpose of this study is to determine the individual and contextual factors that influence the status of DPT immunization in Indonesia and its trends and to know the diversity between cities. The data used in this study are Susenas KOR and consumption and expenditure (KP) modules. The results of multilevel binary logistic regression analysis indicate that individual factors that influence the status of DPT immunization are residence classification, highest maternal education, ownership of immunization cards, birth order, and household poverty status. While the contextual are the ratio of posyandu to 100,000 population and PDRB. Characteristics of children aged 12-59 who do not get immunizations tend to live in rural areas, have mothers with the highest education in junior high school, don’t have immunization cards, who born late in households with many children, and come from poor households. Besides that, there is a diversity of characteristics between cities, which amounted to 22,19%.

scholarly journals Utilization of antenatal care services and factors affecting antenatal care visits in Pokhara sub-metropolitan city

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabita Paudel ◽  
Tarun Paudel ◽  
Seshananda Sanjel
Keyword(s):  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Nuclear Family ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Metropolitan City ◽  
Care Services

Background: In context of Nepal, although pregnant women from city areas contribute to maternal mortality, evidence of the study of utilization of antenatal care services and factors affecting antenatal care visits (ANC) are focused in rural areas where health institutions are not easily available. The objective of this study was to identify ANC services utilization by eligible women in Pokhara sub-metropolitan city. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted applying face to face interviews with 240 eligible women bearing at least one youngest child below the age of two years. A structured and semi-structured questionnaire was used after translating into the Nepali language and pretesting it in the field. Data entered in Microsoft excel were transferred in SPSS (Statistical package for social sciences) version 21 and analysis were carried out. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were computed. The significance was set at the 0.05 level. Results: Approximately 97.0% of women had visited ANC during their recent pregnancy and about 56.0% of women had ≥4 ANC visits. The majority (80.3%) of the women used to seek ANC checkups during their first trimester and nearly half (49.0%) of the respondents belonged to the younger age of 15-19 years. Women’s (99.0%) and her husbands’ (86.0%) educational level significantly impacted ANC visits. Women having fewer numbers of children (98.0%) and the nuclear family (99.0%) had significantly higher ANC visits. Husbands’and mother-in-laws’ encouragement to go for ANC visits was significantly higher. All of the above-mentioned parameters were statistically significant at p< 0.05 level. Conclusions: There was variation in ANC service taking as per the encouragement from the husband and mother-in-law of the woman. Hence, awareness programs targeting husband and mother-in-law regarding the importance of ANC services are suggested. Conduction of detailed study in the future to explore the quality of services is recommended.

scholarly journals Statistical Analysis of Factors Affecting Utilization of Antenatal Care in Nepal

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 268-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gauri Shrestha ◽  
Ganga Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Health Services ◽  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Data File ◽  
Maternal Health Services ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Care Health

Antenatal care provides an entry point for pregnant women to the health care system. This study investigates factors associated with the use of maternal health services as number of antenatal care visits. For analyzing the use of antenatal care health services system in Nepal, data were extracted from individual recods of a data file of NDHS 2006. The unit of analysis for this study is Ever Married Woman (EMW) who had at least one live birth in the five years preceding the survey. The sample of study consisted of 4182 EMW. The simple cross tabulation and chi square tests were used for examining the bivariate relationship and multinomial logit (MNL) model was selected for establishing linkage between number of antenatal care visits and several explanatory variables. Estimation of the parameter of this MNL models done by what is known as iteratively weighted leastsquare (IRWLS), which was identical to the algorithm of Fisher scoring and leads to maximize likelihood estimates. The results were interpreted in terms of odd ratios. The result of this study showed that women with low education level, those residing in rural areas and those with low socio-economic status were less likely to use number of ANC visits.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njst.v12i0.6512 Nepal Journal of Science and Technology 12 (2010) 268-275 

scholarly journals Spatial Prevalence and Determinants of Malaria among under-five Children in Ghana

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bedilu Alamirie Ejigu ◽  
Eshetu Wencheko
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Wealth Index ◽  
Household Wealth ◽  
Malaria Prevalence ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Under Five Children

AbstractIn Ghana malaria is an endemic disease and the incidence of malaria still accounts for 38.0% of all outpatient attendance with the most vulnerable groups being children under 5 years of age. In order to alleviate this problem, it is essential to design geographically targeted and cost-effective intervention mechanisms guided by up-to-date and reliable data and maps that show the spatial prevalence of the disease. The 2016 Ghana Malaria Indicator Survey data (N = 2,910 under-five children) were analyzed using model-based geostatistical methods with the two objectives to: (1) explore individual-, household-, and community-level determinant variables associated with malaria illness in U5 children, and (2) produce prevalence maps of malaria across the study locations in the country. The overall weighted prevalence of malaria by microscopy blood smear and rapid diagnostic tests were 20.63% (with 95% CI: 18.85% - 22.53%) and 27.82% (with 95% CI: 25.81% - 29.91%), respectively. Across regions of Ghana, the prevalence of malaria ranges from 5% in Greater Accra to 31% in Eastern region. Malaria prevalence was higher in rural areas, increased with child age, and decreased with better household wealth index and higher level of mother’s education. Given the high prevalence of childhood malaria observed in Ghana, there is an urgent need for effective and efficient public health interventions in hot spot areas. The determinant variables of malaria infection that have been identified in this study as well as the maps of parasitaemia risk could be used in malaria control program implementation to define priority intervention areas.

scholarly journals Under-Utilization of Maternal-Child Healthcare Services and Adverse Outcomes of Unwanted Pregnancies in Urban and Rural Areas of Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 170-182
Author(s):  
Yunisa Astiarani ◽  
◽  
Maybelline . ◽  
Giovani I.G. Putri ◽  
Nur Fitriah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Child Health ◽  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Unwanted Pregnancy ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Maternal Child Health ◽  
Rural Settings ◽  
Child Healthcare ◽  
Maternal Child

The study examines the association of unwanted pregnancy and the utilization of maternal-child health services, and the adverse health outcomes in urban and rural settings. The study employed data from the 2017 Indonesia Demographic Health Survey that included 13,806 live births; the mothers were not pregnant at the interview and were married participants. The multiple logistic regression analysis concerning residential areas was conducted separately to compare outcomes related to unwanted pregnancy. Non-standard antenatal care visits (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]=1.7; 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.2–2.4), prolonged labor (AOR=1.6; 95% CI=1.2–2.1), the absence of child’s birth documentation (AOR=1.3; 95% CI=1.0–1.6), and smaller baby size (AOR=1.2; 95% CI=1.0–1.4) are associated with unwanted pregnancy in urban areas. In rural settings, on the other hand, unwanted pregnancy is associated with non-standard antenatal care (AOR=1.6; 95% CI=1.2–2.2). Therefore, in Indonesia, urban areas lack maternal-child healthcare services utilization and higher adverse events due to unwanted pregnancy than rural areas. An adjustment approach is required in maternal-child health-related programs in both areas, particularly for women living in urban.

scholarly journals Factors Affecting Postnatal Care in Bangladesh: Clustered Data Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-65
Author(s):  
Mehejabeen Mahbub ◽  
Most Fatima Tuz Zahura
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Birth Order ◽  
Postnatal Care ◽  
Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Wealth Index ◽  
Factors Affecting

The study aims to determine the factors affecting postnatal care in Bangladesh using the data extracted from Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS), 2014. For the purpose of regression analysis, mixed logistic regression model has been utilized to take into account the possible correlation among subjects within clusters. It is found that region, place of residence, mother’s education, wealth index, access to media, birth order and antenatal care visits have significant association with postnatal care. Dhaka Univ. J. Sci. 66(1): 59-65, 2018 (January)

scholarly journals The urban–rural differential in the association between household wealth index and anemia among women in reproductive age in Ethiopia, 2016

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Teshager Weldegiorgis Abate ◽  
Biruk Getahun ◽  
Mekuriaw Mesfin Birhan ◽  
Getasew Mulatu Aknaw ◽  
Sefealem Assefa Belay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Wealth Index ◽  
Household Wealth ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Women Of Childbearing Age ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
Wealth Status ◽  
Urban Rural

Abstract Background Anemia is more prevalent among women, and it is a moderate public health problem in Ethiopia. The wealth status and place of residence of a woman have implications on the intervention of anemia. Studies that examined the relationship between women’s wealth index status and residency in Ethiopia are scarce. We aimed to identify the urban–rural differential in the association between household wealth index and anemia among women of childbearing age in Ethiopia. Method A cross-sectional design was employed with a nationally representative sample of 14,100 women aged 15–49-year-old from the Ethiopian demographic and health survey conducted in 2016. We used the two-stage sampling method to select the sample size. The primary outcome was anemia in women of childbearing age. A hemoglobin level of below 11 g/dl for pregnant women and 12 g/dl for non-pregnant women was the indicator of anemia. Using a three-level random intercept model to explore associated factors at the individual and household levels quantified the observed and unobserved variations between household wealth index and residence on anemia. Results Women belonging to a lower household wealth index category were more anemic (29.6%) than those middle and above wealth index categories. Women who lived in rural areas (25.5%) were prone to anemia than those who lived in urban areas (17.5%). The odds of anemia were significantly higher in women of the low household wealth category who living in rural compared to women of the middle and above household wealth category who living in urban (AOR = 1.37, 95% CI 1.14–1.65, P < 0.001). Conclusion In this study, anemia is more common among women who live in rural with the low house wealth category. Therefore, novel public health interventions should target women who live in rural areas with the lowest household wealth status.

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