scholarly journals Cryptogamic Packed Biofilter as Potential Adsorbent for CO2, NH3, and H2S Impurities from Biogas

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Norbert W. Temba ◽  
Thomas Kivevele ◽  
Tatiana Pogrebnaya
Keyword(s):  
Sorption Capacity ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Breakthrough Time ◽  
Trace Impurities ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Adsorption Dynamics ◽  
Metallic Oxides ◽  
S 100 ◽  
Extractable Cations

The presence of elevated concentrations of carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, and trace impurities in biogas affect its caloric value as well as causes corrosion and is extremely toxic. There are various methods in existence for removal of these impurities, but most are chemically based and expensive and are limited in use. In our work, cryptogams (moss) integrated with soil and biochar packed in a filter have been employed for simultaneous removal of CO2, H2S, and NH3, from biogas. Different soil types rich in metallic oxides at different masses of 100 g, 150 g, and 200 g with a fixed mass of moss and biochar were tested in an on-site experiment to determine the removal efficiency (RE) and sorption capacity (SC). The adsorption dynamics of the filters were investigated at two flow rates, 80 ml/min and 100 ml/min, by determining removal efficiency. For the contribution of each substrate, sorption capacity and breakthrough time were determined by considering 5 g of each substrate that made up the filter. The soils with a high content of extractable cations showed excellent adsorption capacity for H2S by about 20 g S/100 g, which was higher than other adsorbents tested. It was found that integrated biofilter made up of bed arrangement of the soil, biochar, and moss plant improved the quality of biogas with SC of 11 g S and RE of 93% for H2S, 72% for NH3, and 68% for CO2.

Radon removal by aeration: observations on testing, installation and maintenance of domestic treatment units

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 469-475
Author(s):  
T. Turtiainen
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Flow ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Test Protocol ◽  
Household Water ◽  
Medium Flow ◽  
Removal Efficiencies ◽  
Frequent Sampling

Radon is one of the contaminants that sometimes impair the water quality of wells, especially those drilled in bedrock. Domestic radon removal units based on aeration have been commercially available for more than ten years. In order to determine how effectively these units remove radon a new test protocol applying frequent sampling while letting 100 litres of water flow, was developed. This way, removal efficiencies can be more accurately calculated and possible malfunctions detected. Seven models of domestic aerators designed for removing radon from household water were tested. The aerators were based on diffused bubble aeration, spray aeration or jet aeration. The average removal efficiencies for 100 litres with a medium flow rate were 86–100% except for a unit that circulated the aerated water back to the well that had removal efficiency of 80% at the maximum. By conducting a questionnaire study usual problems related to the aeration units were localized and recommendations on maintenance and installation are given accordingly.

Continuing the Development of Municipal Effluent Guidelines for the Northwest Territories

1986 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-184
Author(s):  
R. J. Kent
Keyword(s):  
Northwest Territories ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Flow Ratio ◽  
Dilution Ratio ◽  
Effluent Quality ◽  
Municipal Effluent

The background to and the rationale for the Guidelines for Municipal Type Wastewater Discharges in the Northwest Territories is discussed. Particu1ar attention is given to the development of Table 2.1, Effluent Quality of Municipal Wastewater Discharges, which was based upon expected lagoon performance. Also included is a discussion of the flow ratio and dilution ratio concepts. The viability of these concepts was assessed against the available data. It appears that the guidelines misjudged both the number of coliform bacteria in northern raw sewage and the removal efficiency for these organisms in lagoons. It appears unlikely that lagoons can consistently meet the guideline requirements. More information and research is necessary before a complete assessment can be performed.

scholarly journals Changes in quality parameters of vodka filtered through activated charcoal

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (No. 5) ◽  
pp. 474-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Siříšťová ◽  
Š. Přinosilová ◽  
K. Riddellová ◽  
J. Hajšlová ◽  
K. Melzoch
Keyword(s):  
Production Technology ◽  
Sensory Analysis ◽  
Activated Charcoal ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Filtration Device

The production technology of high-quality vodka used in Russia involves filtration through activated charcoal. To approach the quality of renowned Russian vodka, one prominent Czech spirit-producing company installed on its production premises a filtration device including a charcoal column, and launched test runs during which different filtration conditions were tested. Samples collected during the test runs were analysed by GC-FID and GC-MS with the aim to compare their composition; sensory analysis was an integral part of the evaluation. The results documented a positive effect of charcoal filtration on the quality of produced vodka, which was not reduced when higher flow rates were applied.  

scholarly journals Treatment of simulated printing and dyeing wastewater using ozone microbubble

2021 ◽  
Vol 261 ◽  
pp. 04005
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Nkudede ◽  
Husseini Sulemana ◽  
Bo Zhang ◽  
Kaida Zhu ◽  
Shan Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Cod Removal ◽  
Dyeing Wastewater ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Printing And Dyeing Wastewater ◽  
Cod Removal Efficiency ◽  
Initial Ph

Owing to its widespread and persistent usage, methylene blue (MB) is an environmental substance, mostly found in the printing and dyeing industry that raises concerns in the environment recently by posing significant threat to human life and the ecosystem as a whole. Thus, there is the need to effectively manage and treat the wastewater from these industries before reaching to the available water sources. Ozonation treatment is very efficient in treating printing and dyeing wastewater (MB) and can be greatly improved by using micro-bubble technology. Microbubble dissolution is an effective way to improve the rate of ozone mass transfer. To discover these properties, a method was used to improve the mass transfer of ozone microbubbles, which was used to effectively treat simulated printing and dyeing wastewater. We investigated the effects of pH, water temperature, ozone flow, and other conditions on the dissolution and attenuation properties of ozone in methylene blue microbubble solutions. Treatment of simulated printing and dyeing wastewater (methylene blue) was investigated under various initial pH and ozone flow rates. A catalytic exhibition was performed towards the decolorization of methylene blue (MB) concentrations and the corresponding COD removal efficiency. Ozone depletion and pH levels played key roles in MB degradation. Under high pH level of 11.01, the rate of removal of COD was 93.5%. Ozone dosage also has direct effect on COD removal efficiency and decolorization. Higher ozone flow rates, 0.4 L/min and 0.5 L/min recorded more than 94% degradation of COD thus very effective and efficient. Also, ozone flow rates 0.3 L/min, 0.4 L/min and 0.5 L/min with initial pH, 7.03, 6.63 and 6.36 decreased to 3.43, 3.49 and 3.44 after reaction processes which clearly shows that with high ozone dosage, pH reduces considerably.

scholarly journals The influence of changing the parameters of water-abrasive cutting on the quality of cutting composite cross-section structures

Mechanik ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 91 (7) ◽  
pp. 476-478
Author(s):  
Elżbieta Doluk ◽  
Józef Kuczmaszewski ◽  
Paweł Pieśko
Keyword(s):  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Surface Quality ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Water Mass ◽  
Abrasive Water Jet ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Composite Layers ◽  
Mass Flow Rates ◽  
Abrasive Cutting

Presented are results of the surface quality sandwich composites (aluminum alloy EN AW-2024 and CFRP) by using an abrasive water-jet. The experiments were conducted with different speed of cutting, pressure of the abrasive water, mass flow rates, entry side of the stream and quantity of composite layers. The analysis has been studied based on received bevel angle values.

scholarly journals Fertilizer deposition as a function of angular velocity and inclination of the helical dosing mechanism

2022 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 226-235
Author(s):  
Gabriel G. Zimmermann ◽  
Samir P. Jasper ◽  
Daniel Savi ◽  
Leonardo L. Kmiecik ◽  
Lauro Strapasson Neto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Angular Velocity ◽  
Process Control ◽  
Statistical Process Control ◽  
Industrial Process ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Flow Data ◽  
Statistical Process ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Angular Velocities

ABSTRACT The establishment of grain crops in Brazil is an important industrial process in the agricultural chain, requiring the correct deposition of granular fertilizer over the sowing furrow and more efficient, precise, and sustainable assessments in the operation, which can be achieved with the statistical process control. This study aimed to assess the effect of the angular velocity on different inclinations of the helical metering mechanism on the granular fertilizer deposition. An automated electronic bench was used to assess the deposition quality of granular fertilizers considering different angular velocities (1.11, 1.94, and 2.77 m s-1) and longitudinal and transverse inclinations (+15, +7.5, 0, −7.5, and −15°), with the helical doser by overflow. Flow data were collected and submitted to descriptive statistics and statistical process control. The metering mechanism showed expected variations, with acceptable performance under process control. The values of the flow rates of the granular fertilizer increased as velocity increased, standing out longitudinal inclinations of +7.5 and +15°, providing higher fertilizer depositions.

scholarly journals Treatment of poultry slaughterhouse wastewater with combined system

10.5219/1147 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 706-712 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kulyash Meiramkulova ◽  
Mikhail Zhumagulov ◽  
Gulnur Saspugayeva ◽  
Zhanar Jakupova ◽  
Мaral Mussimkhan
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Technical Equipment ◽  
Poultry Industry ◽  
Combined System ◽  
Slaughterhouse Wastewater ◽  
Treated Water ◽  
Poultry Products ◽  
Wastewater Samples

With the interest to reuse and recycle the wastewater for technological use, this project aims to test the treatment of wastewater from poultry slaughterhouse industry from three main sections of the poultry slaughtering process, defeathering, eviscerating and cooling processes. The samples for the project were obtained from Izhevskoe a Kazakhstani company. The technology used is a combination of electrocoagulation, ultrafiltration, and photochemical system and its goal is to provide treated water that can be re-utilized in the poultry industry for sterilization of technical equipment without contaminating and affecting the quality of the poultry products. The treatment of wastewater samples lasted in total for 40 min. From the results, it was found that indicators such as BOD, COD, and phosphates had removal efficiency of almost 100%, while the microbiological colonies were all eradicated from then wastewater making the treated water microbes free. Hence, proving this system to be effective for the treatment of poultry slaughterhouse wastewater and safe for technological reutilization.

scholarly journals Test Gas Generation from Pure Liquids: An Application-Oriented Overview of Methods in a Nutshell

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Li ◽  
Tim Täffner ◽  
Michael Bischoff ◽  
Bernd Niemeyer
Keyword(s):  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Gas Generation ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Test Gas ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Accuracy And Stability

The generation of test gas from pure liquids has a wide variety of applications in laboratory and field experiments, for which the quality of the test gas is of significance. Therefore, various methods for test gas generation have been designed. Each method has unique advantages and disadvantages. Thus, a short overview is presented within the scope of this paper. Furthermore, a common bubbler system is presented, which was built to generate test gas from volatile organic compounds for experimental usage in laboratory applications. An analysis is conducted with respect to the generated concentrations at different temperatures and flow rates of the diluting gas. Accuracy and stability of this method are investigated.

Influence of hydrodynamics of electrolyte flow during electrochemical treatment on the quality of the treated surface

2021 ◽  
pp. 55-60
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Electrochemical Treatment ◽  
Flow Lines ◽  
Electrolyte Flow ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Average Flow ◽  
Electrochemical Processing ◽  
Interelectrode Gap

The features of the hydrodynamics of the electrolyte in the interelectrode gap during electrochemical processing of a profile axisymmetric workpiece are considered. The distribution of average flow rates and flow lines is calculated for a specified electrolyte supply. The nature and rate of the electrolyte flow are established. The unevenness of the current density is determined taking into account the change in the electrical conductivity of the electrolyte from heating and gas filling of the interelectrode gap, as well as the quality of the treated surface. Keywords: electrochemical treatment, roughness, electrolyte, electrical conductivity, gas filling. [email protected]

scholarly journals Effect of Electron Beam Method on Processing of Titanium Technogenic Material

Metals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 683 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katia Vutova ◽  
Vania Vassileva ◽  
Vladislava Stefanova ◽  
Dinesh Amalnerkar ◽  
Takeshi Tanaka
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Beam Power ◽  
Melting Time ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Electron Beam Processing ◽  
Composition Variation ◽  
High Level

This study reveals the efficiency of the electron beam processing of titanium technogenic material with a high level of impurities and the quality of the obtained metal in correlation to process parameters which are discussed. The influence of the beam power and melting time on the composition variation, morphologies, hardness of metal samples and mass losses is investigated. Based on the different technological parameters, the removal efficiency of impurities is also discussed, and the corresponding experiments are carried out in order to make a comparison. Different thermal process conditions are realized during the single-melt operation. Chemical and metallographic analyses are performed, and the results are discussed. The hardness of the titanium decreases by prolonging the time of the electron beam processing. A maximal overall removal efficiency of 99.975% is seen at 5.5 kW beam power for a 40 min melting time and the best purification of Ti (99.996%) is achieved.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document