scholarly journals National and Subnational Cancer Incidence for 22 Cancer Groups, 2000 to 2016: A Study Based on Cancer Registration Data of Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Javad Khanali ◽  
Ali-Asghar Kolahi
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Cancer Control ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Cancer Registration ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Cancer Type ◽  
Crude Rate ◽  
Annual Percent Change ◽  
Visualization System ◽  
Cancer Project

Background. Cancer is an increasing public health concern, and detailed knowledge of the cancer incidence is required for developing effective cancer control plans. The objective of this study is to present the cancer incidence of 22 cancer groups in Iran and all 31 provinces of the country from 2000 to 2016, for both sexes across different age groups. Method. To study the national and provincial cancer incidence in Iran, we extracted data from the Cancer Project, which collects the Iranian cancer registry data and visualizes it in the VIZIT data visualization system. The methodology and statistical analysis that is used in this study follow the cancer project study protocol. Joinpoint analysis was performed to calculate the average annual percent change of the crude rates and age-standardized rates from 2000 to 2016. Results. Cancer incidence was 126,982 patients in 2016, and the crude rate (CR) of cancer in both sexes and all ages was 155 per 100,000 people. Cancer incidence approximately doubled between 2000 and 2016; however, the age-standardized rate (ASR) had a less drastic increase. The most incident cancers in 2016 were breast, skin, and colorectal cancers; however, the ranking of cancer groups by incidence was different in different age and sex groups and provinces. Some cancers exhibited a unique distribution pattern in the country with high-incidence local areas. Discussion. The study showed that cancer incidence, crude rate, and age-standardized rate (ASR) in Iran had increased in 2000-2016 with vast heterogeneity by cancer type, province, and sex. Moreover, it was shown that the crude rate of cancer in Iran was much less than the global cancer crude rate. Providing such data helps to allocate resources and develop effective national cancer control plans appropriately.

Trends in cancer incidence in Lithuania between 1991 and 2010

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 135-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ieva Vincerževskienė ◽  
Agnė Krilavičiūtė ◽  
Giedrė Smailytė
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Cancer Control ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Joinpoint Regression ◽  
Annual Percent Change ◽  
Targeted Interventions ◽  
Disease Aetiology ◽  
Clinical Tools ◽  
Cancer Incidence Rates

Background. Analysis of time trends in cancer incidence provides an estimate of the burden of cancer in a certain population and is a useful tool for planning cancer control. Identification of changing epidemiological patterns in cancer is crucial in formulating future healthcare clinical tools, evaluating prognostic and therapeutic models, and generating new hypotheses on disease aetiology and prevention. Materials and methods. Patients diagnosed with cancer in Lithuania between 1991 and 2010 were considered into analysis. Crude rates and age-standardized incidence rates for both sexes were calculated, as well as annual percent change with 95% confidence intervals for selected cancer sites using the Joinpoint Regression Analysis. Results. With the major exceptions of male lung cancer and stomach cancer in both sexes, cancer incidence has increased for most cancer sites in the last two decades in Lithuania. The strongest rises in incidence were seen for prostate cancer in men and thyroid cancer in women. Overall cancer incidence in men was strongly influenced by newly diagnosed prostate cancer cases. Conclusions. This up-to-date analysis provides a basis for establishing priorities to cancer control actions in Lithuania. These results show increase in incidence rates in Lithuania of all cancers combined among both men and women. Trends in cancer incidence rates for males were heavily influenced by trends in prostate cancer which is the most common cancer among men. Increasing cancer incidence requires targeted interventions on risk factors control, early diagnosis, and improved management and pharmacological treatment for selected cancer sites.

scholarly journals Bayesian adjustment for trend of colorectal cancer incidence in misclassified registering across Iranian provinces

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sajad Shojaee ◽  
Nastaran Hajizadeh ◽  
Hadis Najafimehr ◽  
Luca Busani ◽  
Mohamad Amin Pourhoseingholi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Cancer Control ◽  
Misclassification Error ◽  
Cancer Registration ◽  
Incidence Data ◽  
Medical Facilities ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Incidence ◽  
South Khorasan

AbstractOne of the problems in cancer registry of developing countries is misclassification error. This error leads to overestimation and underestimation of cancer rate in different provinces. The aim of this study is to use Bayesian method to correct for misclassification in registering cancer incidence in neighboring provinces of Iran. Incidence data of colorectal cancer were extracted from Iranian annual of national cancer registration reports 2005 to 2008 And Eighteen of the thirty Iranian provinces were selected to enter the Bayesian model and to correct their misclassification. Always a province with appropriate medical facilities is comparable to its neighbor or neighbors. Between years of 2005 and 2008, on the average, 28% misclassification was estimated between the province of East Azarbaijan and West Azarbayjan, 56% between the province of Fars and Hormozgan, 43% between the province of Isfahan and Charmahal and Bakhtyari, 46% between the province of Isfahan and Lorestan, 58% between the province of Razavi Khorasan and North Khorasan, 50% between the province of Razavi Khorasan and South Khorasan, 74% between the province of Razavi Khorasan and Sistan and Balochestan, 43% between the province of Mazandaran and Golestan, 37% between the province of Tehran and Qazvin, 45% between the province of Tehran and Markazi, 42% between the province of Tehran and Qom, 47% between the province of Tehran and Zanjan. Correcting the regional misclassification and obtaining the correct rates of cancer incidence in different regions is necessary for making cancer control and prevention programs and in healthcare resource allocation.

scholarly journals A Global Cancer Project Map Integrating Global Cancer Statistics to Guide International Efforts

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 9s-10s ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Chisti ◽  
Nour Sharara ◽  
Manaswi Gupta ◽  
Jane Craycroft ◽  
Ilyana Rosenberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Research ◽  
National Cancer Institute ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Cancer Control ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Cancer Type ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Cancer Project

Abstract 39 Background: In response to the growing burden of cancer, Global Oncology, Inc., and the National Cancer Institute Center for Global Health launched a free, online, interactive map, the Global Cancer Project Map (GCPM) [ http://gcpm.globalonc.org ], to allow policy makers, researchers, and civil society around the world to search this central repository of international cancer control and research projects. The GCPM serves to catalyze collaboration in cancer research and clinical care, as well as inform research and care gaps. Methods: In addition to search options by project attributes, the GCPM provides map overlays of epidemiological measures using IARC’s GLOBOCAN cancer-specific estimates of incidence, prevalence, and mortality, cancer disability--adjusted life years, and UN Human Development Index country values. Currently, the map displays projects with international collaborators collated from the NCI, NCI-Designated Cancer Centers, UICC and ASCO. Results: The GCPM search options offer countless angles of looking at projects worldwide. Of the 1,479 currently-mapped projects, 44.8% have investigators or collaborators in less-developed countries (LDCs) (as defined by the UN). Of the 1218 with a project type classification, 104 relate to capacity building and/or training, with 69 of these projects (66.3%) occurring in LDCs. Utilizing the cancer type search options, the GCPM currently displays 54 cervical cancer projects with LDC collaborators, where the cervical cancer mortality age--standardized risk is more than 2.5 times higher for LDCs than more-developed countries. Conclusions: The GCPM is a real-time needs assessment tool to allow the cancer community to visualize international efforts in cancer control and link need to action. To better address the growing burden of cancer, the partnership is actively seeking collaboration and additional project submissions. Utilized with cancer statistic overlays, the GCPM can help develop regional priorities in cancer research and control. Funding: This project has been funded in whole or in part with federal funds from the National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, under Contract No. HHSN261200800001E. The content of this publication does not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the Department of Health and Human Services, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. AUTHORS’ DISCLOSURES OF POTENTIAL CONFLICTS OF INTEREST: Ali Chisti No relationship to disclose Nour Sharara No relationship to disclose Manaswi Gupta No relationship to disclose Jane Craycroft No relationship to disclose Ilyana Rosenberg Employment: Connance, Inc., Hayes Management Consulting Camille Morgan No relationship to disclose Kalina Duncan No relationship to disclose Rachel Abudu No relationship to disclose Billy Andre No relationship to disclose Shannon Silkenson No relationship to disclose Jennifer Silva No relationship to disclose Ami Bhatt No relationship to disclose Ted Trimble No relationship to disclose Franklin Huang Stock or Other Ownership: GlaxoSmithKline, Abbvie

scholarly journals Epidemiology of Different Types of Cancers Reported in Basra, Iraq

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 295
Author(s):  
Rafid A. Abood ◽  
Kareem A. Abdahmed ◽  
Seena S. Mazyed
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cancer Control ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Cancer Type ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Risk Of Cancer

Objectives: This study aimed to report the incidence and pattern of various types of cancers and their distribution across various demographic groups in Basra, Iraq. Methods: Cancer cases recorded during 2017 at the Basra Cancer Control Centre, the Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, the Basra Oncology and Hematology Centre, the Basra Children’s Hospital and at private laboratories were included in the study. Patients’ records were analysed for information related to age, gender, residence and type of cancer. Incidences for different geographical regions and distribution of incidences across age groups were recorded as percentages. The mean age was recorded for patients of different genders and age groups. Incidence rates per 100,000 were calculated for different types of cancer. Results: A total of 2,163 cancer cases were identified of which 2,020 were in adults (93.4%) and 143 were in children (6.6%). Among adults, most cancers were found in females (59%). Patients’ mean age at diagnosis was 51.4 ± 19.6 years for adults and 6.4 ± 4.23 years for children. Cancer incidence rates per 100,000 people increased with age. Breast cancer was the most frequent cancer type found in adult females, with an incidence rate of 60.64 per 100,000 people. The most common types of cancer found in adult males were urinary bladder and lung and bronchus cancers; leukaemia was the most common cancer in children. Conclusion: The findings from this study can be used for predicting cancer epidemiology in Basra, Iraq, and to identify subsets of the population at high risk of cancer incidence. This information will help healthcare providers to adequately respond to the demands of diagnosis, treatment and palliative care for such patients.Keywords: Neoplasms; Incidence; Epidemiology; Demography; Iraq.

Towards the elimination of occupational cancers in the Russian Federation: cancer research for cancer prevention (Part 1)

2019 ◽  
pp. 104-106
Author(s):  
J. Schüz ◽  
A. Olsson
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Research ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Cancer Control ◽  
Occupational Exposures ◽  
Cancer Registration ◽  
Occupational Cancer ◽  
Control Plan ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Incident Cases

Cancer is increasing worldwide. Th e Russian Federation is no exception in this regard with an increase of the total number of new cases predicted to rise from 529,062 in 2018 to 587,622 in 2040. Th e present high burden and increase in incident cases at the same time increases the pressure on healthcare infrastructure and related costs. Th us, primary and secondary prevention of cancer becomes essential. Occupational cancers related to exposure at the workplace are among the preventable cancer burden, due to the modifi ability of the risk through minimisation of occupational exposures and adequate worker protection. For the Russian Federation, some 20,000 cancers each year may be att ributable to occupation, but systematic recording is currently lacking. As information is also lacking on the absolute eff ect of various occupational carcinogens in the Russian workforce due to lack of large-scale epidemiological studies and because for many suspected occupational carcinogens the evidence may become stronger, the true burden may in fact be higher. Th e Russian Federation appears particularly suitable for research into occupational cancer given the sizable workforce, the heavy industr ialisation as well as the good documentation and workplace surveillance over time, so that results are both informative for the situation in the Russian Federation and on a global scale. Five challenging but not unfeasible steps of nationwide population-based cancer registration, development of a legal framework for record linkage of registries and data collections, recording of occupational cancers, large scale epidemiological occupational cancer research and rigorous implementation of worker protection on known carcinogens, lead the way to a continuously updated cancer control plan that includes the elimination of occupational cancer in the Russian Federation.

Trends in the incidence and mortality of oral cancer in Nevada (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Foote ◽  
Karl Kingsley
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Cancer Control ◽  
Cancer Registries ◽  
Public Health Research ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
The Us ◽  
Chi Square Analysis

BACKGROUND Reviews of national and state-specific cancer registries have revealed differences in rates of oral cancer incidence and mortality that have implications for public health research and policy. Many significant associations between head and neck (oral) cancers and major risk factors, such as cigarette usage, may be influenced by public health policy such as smoking restrictions and bans – including the Nevada Clean Indoor Act of 2006 (and subsequent modification in 2011). OBJECTIVE Although evaluation of general and regional advances in public policy have been previously evaluated, no recent studies have focused specifically on the changes to the epidemiology of oral cancer incidence and mortality in Nevada. METHODS Cancer incidence and mortality rate data were obtained from the National Cancer Institute (NCI) Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences (DCCPS) Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) program. Most recently available rate changes in cancer incidence and mortality for Nevada included the years 2012 – 2016 and are age-adjusted to the year 2000 standard US population. Comparisons of any differences between Nevada and the overall US population were evaluated using Chi square analysis. RESULTS This analysis revealed that the overall rates of incidence and mortality from oral cancer in Nevada differs from that observed in the overall US population. For example, although the incidence of oral cancer among Caucasians is increasing in Nevada and the US overall, it is increasing at nearly twice that rate in Nevada, P=0.0002. In addition, although oral cancer incidence among Minorities in the US is declining, it is increasing in Nevada , P=0.0001. Analysis of reported mortality causes revealed that mortality from oral cancer increased in the US overall but declined in Nevada during the same period (2012-2016). More specifically, mortality among both Males and Females in the US is increasing, but is declining in Nevada, P=0.0027. CONCLUSIONS Analysis of the epidemiologic data from Nevada compared with the overall US revealed significant differences in rates of oral cancer incidence and mortality. More specifically, oral cancer incidence increased in Nevada between 2012-2016 among all groups analyzed (Males, Females, White, Minority), while decreases were observed nationally among Females and Minorities. Although mortality in Nevada decreased over this same time period (in contrast to the national trends), the lag time between diagnosis (incidence) and mortality suggests that these trends will change in the near future. CLINICALTRIAL Not applicable

scholarly journals Urban–rural disparity in cancer incidence in China, 2008–2012: a cross-sectional analysis of data from 36 cancer registers

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. e042762
Author(s):  
Shuai Yuan ◽  
Shao-Hua Xie
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Cancer Type ◽  
Anatomic Site ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Urban Rural

ObjectiveThe substantial differences in socioeconomic and lifestyle exposures between urban and rural areas in China may lead to urban–rural disparity in cancer risk. This study aimed to assess the urban–rural disparity in cancer incidence in China.MethodsUsing data from 36 regional cancer registries in China in 2008–2012, we compared the age-standardised incidence rates of cancer by sex and anatomic site between rural and urban areas. We calculated the rate difference and rate ratio comparing rates in rural versus urban areas by sex and cancer type.ResultsThe incidence rate of all cancers in women was slightly lower in rural areas than in urban areas, but the total cancer rate in men was higher in rural areas than in urban areas. The incidence rates in women were higher in rural areas than in urban areas for cancers of the oesophagus, stomach, and liver and biliary passages, but lower for cancers of thyroid and breast. Men residing in rural areas had higher incidence rates for cancers of the oesophagus, stomach, and liver and biliary passages, but lower rates for prostate cancer, lip, oral cavity and pharynx cancer, and colorectal cancer.ConclusionsOur findings suggest substantial urban–rural disparity in cancer incidence in China, which varies across cancer types and the sexes. Cancer prevention strategies should be tailored for common cancers in rural and urban areas.

Program Against Cancer in Eritrea

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 01-04
Author(s):  
El Hadji Mbaye
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Purchasing Power Parity ◽  
National Income ◽  
Cancer Control ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Central Intelligence Agency ◽  
World Health ◽  
Power Parity ◽  
Intelligence Agency ◽  
The World

Worldwide, one in eight deaths is due to cancer. Projections based on the GLOBOCAN 2012 estimates predict a substantive increase new cancer cases per year by 2035 in developing countries if preventive measures are not widely applied. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), millions of lives could be saved each year if countries made use of existing knowledge and the best cost-effective methods to prevent and treat cancer. Therefore, the aim of this study is to estimate a provisional budget against cancer in low and middle incomes countries, according the GNI-PPP, the cancer incidence and the number of population. Economically country classification is determining with the Gross national income (GNI), per capita, Purchasing power parity (PPP), according the administrations of the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the World Bank (WB) and the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA). Cancer incidence data presented are based on the most recent data available at IARC. However, population compares estimates from the US Bureau of the Census. The provisional budget is establishing among the guidelines developed by WHO for regional and national cancer control programs according to national economic development. Provisional budget against cancer is estimated to 12,782.535 (thousands of U.S $) for a population of 5,918,919 persons in Eritrea.

Program Against Cancer in Congo, Democratic Republic

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 01-04
Author(s):  
El Hadji Mbaye
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Purchasing Power Parity ◽  
Democratic Republic ◽  
National Income ◽  
Cancer Control ◽  
Central Intelligence Agency ◽  
World Health ◽  
Power Parity ◽  
Intelligence Agency ◽  
The World

Worldwide, one in eight deaths is due to cancer. Projections based on the GLOBOCAN 2012 estimates predict a substantive increase new cancer cases per year by 2035 in developing countries if preventive measures are not widely applied. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), millions of lives could be saved each year if countries made use of existing knowledge and the best cost-effective methods to prevent and treat cancer. Therefore, the aim of this study is to estimate a provisional budget against cancer in low and middle incomes countries, according the GNI-PPP, the cancer incidence and the number of population. Economically country classification is determining with the Gross national income (GNI), per capita, Purchasing power parity (PPP), according the administrations of the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the World Bank (WB) and the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA). Cancer incidence data presented are based on the most recent data available at IARC. However, population compares estimates from the US Bureau of the Census. The provisional budget is establishing among the guidelines developed by WHO for regional and national cancer control programs according to national economic development. Provisional budget against cancer is estimated to 86,980.024 (thousands of U.S $) for a population of 83,301,151 persons in Congo, Democratic Republic.

scholarly journals New Syphilis Cases in Older Adults, 2004–2019: An Analysis of Surveillance Data From South China

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng Wang ◽  
Peizhen Zhao ◽  
Mingzhou Xiong ◽  
Joseph D. Tucker ◽  
Jason J. Ong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Targeted Prevention ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Annual Percent Change ◽  
Syphilis Infection ◽  
Over Time

Background: Sexual health among older adults is a major public health concern globally. The syphilis burden is increasing in older adults in China. This study aimed to describe factors associated with syphilis infection and diagnosis among older adults in China during a 16 year period.Methods: Using 16 years of data (2004–2019) from the syphilis case report system of Guangdong, China, we compared data from older adults (aged ≥50 years) with those from younger people (aged 15–49 years). We compared the two age group with the Chi-square test for difference, and Joinpoint regression models to assess the temporal trends.Results: During the study period, 242,115 new syphilis diagnoses were reported in older adults. The mean notification rate of new diagnoses was 64.1 per 100,000 population across the entire 16-year period, which significantly increased over time (average annual percent change [AAPC] 16.2%, 95% CI 13.7–18.7). Syphilis diagnoses increased significantly over time among less developed cities and older women. In 2019, compared with younger adults, newly diagnosed older adults were more likely to be male, native to reporting city, had unknown transmission routes, and were diagnosed late.Conclusion: Our findings call for an urgent need to deliver more targeted prevention interventions for older adults, such as strengthen awareness among health care providers, and integration of syphilis services and primary health care for older adults.

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