Prediction of the Dynamics of Total Chlorophyll-a in the Waters of the Ebrie Lagoon, Abidjan (Ivory Coast)

Field experiments were conducted during winter season of 2018-19 and 2019-20 with three sources of nutrient viz., inorganic, organics (FYM, VC and biofertilizers) and their integration as main treatments and five levels [S1-0 (0-0-0 kg NPK ha-1), S2-100% (120-60-40 kg NPK ha-1), S3-150% (180-90-60 kg NPK ha-1), S4-200% (240-120-80 kg NPK ha-1) and S5-Soil Test based (STV) NPK i.e. 149-176-33 kg ha-1 in split plot design with three replications. The chlorophyll content (‘a’, ‘b’ and total) in leaves and Soil Plant Analyzer Development (SPAD) value were recorded at crown root initiation (CRI), tillering, jointing and milking stage of wheat. The pooled data of findings revealed that the treatment with inorganic sources showed significant increase in the SPAD readings (9.62, 15.54, 23.77 and 29.83), chlorophyll ‘a’ (0.76, 0.83, 1.47 and 0.63 mg g-1 leaf tissue), ‘b’ (0.44, 0.78, 0.87 and 0.57 mg g-1 leaf tissue) and total (1.19, 1.64, 2.25 and 1.14 mg g-1 leaf tissue) chlorophyll content in leaves over organic source at all the growth stages. All the levels of nutrient were significantly increased the chlorophyll content and SPAD value over control at all the stages except chlorophyll ‘a’ at jointing and milking stage. However, amongst the levels 150% and 200% NPK were found significantly superior to 100% NPK for SPAD value (8.32 and 8.71 at CRI and 12.56 and 12.19 at tillering), chlorophyll ‘a’ (0.73 and 0.70 mg g-1 leaf tissue at CRI), chlorophyll ‘b’ (0.46 and 0.45 mg g-1 leaf tissue at CRI, 0.68 and 0.71 mg g-1 leaf tissue at tillering and 0.53 and 0.59 mg g-1 leaf tissue at milking), respectively. The interaction results suggested that the 200% NPK with inorganic and integrated sources significantly superior to 100% NPK for chlorophyll ‘a’ content at jointing and milking stage. The application of 150% and 200% NPK with inorganic source were found significantly higher over the same level of NPK with integrated source of nutrient for total chlorophyll content and SPAD value at all the growth stages except 150% NPK for total chlorophyll at jointing and milking stage and SPAD value at milking stage. The correlation between SPAD value and chlorophyll ’a’, ‘b’, total were found significantly and positively at all growth stages. Coefficient of determination values between SPAD and chlorophyll content showed linear relationship at all the growth stages.

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Pemanfaatan Pupuk Organik Kulit Pisang Dan Azolla Terhadap Pertumbuhan Kangkung Darat Dengan Sistem Akuaponik

STIGMA: Jurnal Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Unipa ◽

10.36456/stigma.vol12.no01.a1854 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (01) ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Maria Sastriana ◽

Ngadiani Ngadiani

Keyword(s):

Chlorophyll Content ◽

Chlorophyll A ◽

Organic Fertilizer ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Banana Peel ◽

Chlorophyll B ◽

Total Chlorophyll ◽

Azolla Pinnata ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Weight Test

The aim of this study was to compare the organic fertilizer of azolla pinnata and banana peel and a combination of azolla pinnata and banana peel with the same concentration of 800 ppm to the weight of harvest and the chlorophyll content of ground spinach (Ipomoea reptans Poir.). The experiment was carried out experimentally using a completely randomized design with control treatment, 800 ppm azolla pinnata, 800 ppm banana skin and a combination of azolla pinnata and banana peels 800 ppm which were repeated 6 times each. The application was carried out by pouring 800 ppm of azolla pinnata, 800 ppm of banana peel and a combination of azolla pinnata and 800 ppm banana peel on each gutter. The results showed that azolla pinnata and banana peel nutrition had a significant effect (P <0.05) on harvest weight and chlorophyll content of ground spinach plants (Ipomoea reptans Poir.). Nutrition azolla pinnata and banana peel with a concentration of 800 ppm can increase the weight of the land spinach (Ipomoea reptans Poir.) Which has the highest average. In testing the chlorophyll content, the results of chlorophyll a content, chlorophyll b content and the highest total chlorophyll content was found in azolla pinnata 800 ppm nutrition. The results of this study concluded that 800 ppm azolla pinnata, 800 ppm banana peel and 800 ppm combination of azolla pinnata and banana peel in the growth of ground spinach plants (Ipomoea reptans Poir.) Were effective to increase harvest weight and increase chlorophyll content of land spinach (Ipomoea reptans Poir.) Namely chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll of land spinach plants (Ipomoea reptans Poir.). Keywords: ground kale, azolla pinnata, banana peel, harvest weight, test of chlorophyll content, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll.

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Cell membrane stability and chlorophyll content variation in wheat (Triticum aestivum) genotypes under conditions of heat and drought

Crop and Pasture Science ◽

10.1071/cp15385 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 67 (7) ◽

pp. 712 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Shoaib Ur Rehman ◽

Muhammad Bilal ◽

Rashid Mehmood Rana ◽

Muhammad Naveed Tahir ◽

Muhammad Kausar Nawaz Shah ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heat Stress ◽

Drought Stress ◽

Cell Membrane ◽

Chlorophyll Content ◽

Chlorophyll A ◽

Stress Conditions ◽

Seedling Stage ◽

Total Chlorophyll ◽

Cell Membrane Stability ◽

Total Chlorophyll Content

Heat and drought are among the major obstacles confronting crop production under climate change. The present study was conducted to evaluate 50 diverse wheat genotypes for cell membrane stability (CMS) and chlorophyll content at seedling and anthesis stages under heat and drought stress conditions, to understand the effect of the two abiotic factors and to find promising genotypes for future breeding. Experiments were conducted in the glasshouse (seedling stage) and the field (anthesis stage). Analysis of variance showed significant variation (P ≤ 0.05) for all of the traits at seedling and anthesis stages. High levels of broad-sense heritability and genetic advance at 5% selection intensity indicated the presence of a high genetic component of variation and potential for genetic improvement through selection among the existing genetic variation. CMS showed a significant positive correlation with 1000-grain weight (TGW) under heat and drought conditions at both seedling and anthesis stages. Chlorophyll a/b ratio at seedling stage exhibited a significant negative correlation (r = –0.39, P < 0.05) with TGW under heat stress. Total chlorophyll content was significantly (r = 0.42, P < 0.05) correlated with TGW under heat stress at anthesis. Genotypes ETAD248 and ETAD7 showed the highest CMS and TGW values, whereas their chlorophyll a/b values were lowest, at both seedling and anthesis stages under heat and drought stress conditions. Higher CMS and total chlorophyll content, and lower chlorophyll a/b, were found to be useful indicators to identify genotypes with high TGW under heat and drought stress conditions. This study indicated the possibility of using seedling resistance as an indicator for later stage response in breeding for heat and drought resistance. The resistant genotypes identified can be used as potential germplasm in breeding programs.

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Effect of nicosulfuron on chlorophyll content of marandu-grass cultivated in crop-forest-livestock integration systems

Australian Journal of Crop Science ◽

10.21475/ajcs.20.14.12.2631 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1876-1882

Author(s):

Evander Alves Ferreira ◽

Marcia Vitória Santos ◽

Leandro Diego da Silva ◽

Priscila Júnia Rodrigues da Cruz ◽

Raul Ribeiro Silveira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Chlorophyll Content ◽

Chlorophyll A ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Agroforestry Systems ◽

Chlorophyll B ◽

Total Chlorophyll ◽

Integration System ◽

Total Chlorophyll Content ◽

Urochloa Brizantha

The aim of this work was to study the effect of sub-doses of herbicide nicosulfuron on the levels of chlorophyll and growth of marandu-grass in an forest-livestock integration system. The treatments consisted of eucalyptus consortium with sorghum (BRS 655 hybrid) and forage Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu (marandu-grass) at 12×2 and 12×3 m spacings in agroforestry systems, in addition to sorghum + marandu-grass and marandu-grass in monoculture. The doses of nicosulfuron applied at the marandu-grass were 0, 15 and 30 g ha-1. At 30 and 120 days after the application of nicosulfuron, chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b were measured usinf a portable chlorophyll meter, with six measurements per plant. Afterwards, the total chlorophyll content and chlorophyll a/b were calculated. We also measured the mass of the total dry matter of marandu-grass and growth rate of the culture. Marandu-grass plants cultivated in monoculture showed higher quantities of chlorophyll and the highest growth rates. The levels of chlorophyll a, b and chlorophyll a/b and the growth rate of marandu grass were similar between systems integrated with eucalyptus (12x2 and 12x3 m). The increase of herbicide dose negatively influenced on chlorophyll content in marandu-grass in all treatments evaluated. The use of nicosulfuron in doses of 25 and 50 g L-1 reduced the growth rate of marandu grass only when grown in monoculture

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The response of cucumber plants (Cucumis sativus L.) to the application of PCB-contaminated sewage sludge and urban sediment

PeerJ ◽

10.7717/peerj.6743 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 ◽

pp. e6743 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Anna Wyrwicka ◽

Magdalena Urbaniak ◽

Mirosław Przybylski

Keyword(s):

Sewage Sludge ◽

Chlorophyll Content ◽

Cucumis Sativus ◽

Chlorophyll A ◽

Soluble Protein ◽

Municipal Wastewater ◽

Total Soluble Protein ◽

Total Chlorophyll ◽

Total Chlorophyll Content ◽

Antioxidative Response

Background The increasing production of sewage sludge (SS) engenders the problem of its responsible utilization and disposal. Likewise, urban sediments (SED) are deposited at the bottom of urban reservoirs and sedimentation ponds, and these require periodical dredging and utilization. However, while the SS and SED deposits often contain nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus; however, they also contain a variety of hazardous compounds including heavy metals, Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) and microbial pollutants. Fortunately, some species of Cucurbitaceae can accumulate high levels of POPs, such as polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDD), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDF) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB), in their tissues. Methods SS was collected from the Lodz Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant and SED from the Sokołówka Sequential Biofiltration System. The SS and SED samples were added to soil in flower pots at three concentrations (1.8 g, 5.4 g and 10.8 g per flower pot), and one pot was left as an unamended control (C). Soil PCB concentrations were determined before cucumber planting, and after five weeks of growth. Also, total soluble protein, total chlorophyll content, chlorophyll a/b ratio and degree of lipid peroxidation (TBARS) were examined in the leaves of the cucumber plants (Cucumis sativus L.) cv. Cezar after five weeks. Antioxidative response was assessed by ascorbate peroxidase (APx) and catalase (CAT) assay. Results The initial PCB concentration in soil after application of SS or SED was dependent on the applied dose. After five weeks, PCB concentration fell significantly for all samples and confirmed that the dose of SS/SED had a strong effect. Soil remediation was found to be more effective after SS application. Total soluble protein content in the cucumber leaf tissues was dependent on both the type and the dose of the applied amendments, and increased with greater SS doses in the soil. The total chlorophyll content remained unchanged, and the chlorophyll a/b ratio was slightly elevated only after the application of the highest SS and SED dose. The use of SS and SED did not significantly affect TBARS content. APx activity fell after SS or SED application; however, CAT activity tended to increase, but only in the leaves of plants grown in SS-amended soil. Discussion The cultivation of cucumber plants reduces PCB concentration in soil amended with SS or SED; however, this effect is more evident in the case of SS. SS application also induced more intensive changes in the activity of enzymes engaged in antioxidative response and oxidative stress markers in plant tissues than SED. The levels of PCB in the SS may have triggered a more severe imbalance between pro- and antioxidative reactions in plants. Cucumber plants appear to be resistant to the presence of toxic substances in SS and SED, and the addition of SS and SED not only acts as a fertilizer, but also protects against accelerated aging.

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Heteroblastic Foliage Affects the Accumulation of Non-Structural Carbohydrates and Biomass in Pinus massoniana (Lamb.) Seedlings

Forests ◽

10.3390/f12121686 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (12) ◽

pp. 1686

Author(s):

Haoyun Wang ◽

Feng Wu ◽

Min Li ◽

Daqu Liang ◽

Guijie Ding

Keyword(s):

Chlorophyll A ◽

Photosynthetic Pigments ◽

Soluble Sugar ◽

Biomass Accumulation ◽

Pinus Massoniana ◽

Leaf Biomass ◽

Total Chlorophyll ◽

Physiological Factor ◽

Positive Effects ◽

Pinus Massoniana Lamb

Pines have heteroblastic foliage (primary and secondary needles) during seedling stage, but how heteroblastic foliage affects carbon storage and biomass accumulation, contributing to seedling quality, is unclear. We investigated the influences of heteroblastic foliage on photosynthetic physiological characteristics, non-structural carbohydrate (NSC) and biomass accumulation in current-year seedlings; the key factors determining biomass accumulation were mainly determined by principal component screening, Spearman correlation, and path analysis. The results indicated that (1) primary needles have high photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a and total chlorophyll), net photosynthetic rates (Pn), the potential maximum photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm), and leaf instantaneous water use efficiency (WUEi), whereas higher non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) suggested that sudden light increases induce the initiation of quenching mechanism in primary needles; additionally, secondary needles had a lower transpiration rate (Tr), limiting stomata (Ls), and light saturation point. (2) Secondary needles promoted soluble sugar (fructose and glucose) increases in leaves compared to that of primary needles and increased the leaf biomass accumulation (from 47.06% to 54.30%), enhancing the overall ability of photosynthetic organs; additionally, secondary needles can enhance the proportion of starch storage in the roots, and NSC accumulation was significantly increasing in the seedling leaves and roots. (3) Photosynthetic pigments (carotenoids, chlorophyll a, and total chlorophyll) had direct positive effects on primary needle seedling (PNS) biomass and promoted biomass by indirectly increasing soluble sugar synthesis in the stems. The Pn was the main physiological factor determining PNS biomass accumulation. In addition, the WUEi, Ls, and NPQ had direct negative effects on PNS biomass accumulation, inhibiting photosynthesis to limit seedling growth. Considering the functional traits in heteroblastic foliage is necessary when assessing different leaf types of Pinus massoniana (Lamb.) seedlings, in particular those threats implicated in light, water, and temperature relations. Our results can be beneficial to guide the establishment of seedling management and afforestation measures.

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Anatomical and physiological aspects of cucumber graft

Comunicata Scientiae ◽

10.14295/cs.v9i2.2578 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 282-286

Author(s):

Daniel Baron ◽

Gustavo Francisco Rosalin Saraiva ◽

Talita Silveira Amador ◽

João Domingos Rodrigues ◽

Rumy Goto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Experimental Design ◽

Chlorophyll A ◽

Chlorophyll B ◽

Cucurbita Moschata ◽

Total Chlorophyll ◽

Cucumis Sativus L ◽

Tukey Test ◽

Grafting Technique ◽

Grafting Through ◽

Chlorophyll Index

The grafting of two cucumber scions (Cucumis sativus L.)—Taiko hybrid and Tsuyoi hybrid—onto a Tropical hybrid pumpkin rootstock (Cucurbita moschata L.) was studied. The study was conducted in a greenhouse. Plants grafted using the tongue approach grafting technique were compared with ungrafted plants. We evaluated the initial establishment of grafting through anatomical cuts on the region of union graft and examining leaves’ chlorophyll index (SPAD) and their levels of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll. The experimental design utilized randomized blocks and the data were subjected to variance analysis (ANOVA) and the Tukey Test at 5% probability. The results indicate that Taiko cucumber scions are best grafted onto Tropical pumpkin rootstock, since these exhibits early grafting establishment. Moreover, when compared to grafting using Tsuyoi cucumber scions, Taiko cucumber scions present higher SPAD index values and levels of chlorophyll a and total chlorophyll.

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EVALUATION OF SALINITY STRESS EFFECTS ON CHANGES IN PHOTOSYNTHETIC PIGMENTS, HYDROGEN PEROXIDE AND OSMOLYTES IN SENSITIVE AND TOLERANT CULTIVARS OF WHEAT CROP

PLANT ARCHIVES ◽

10.51470/plantarchives.2021.v21.s1.373 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (supplement 1) ◽

Author(s):

Rasoul Khodavirdivand Keshtiban ◽

Hassan Soltanloo ◽

Seyedeh Sanaz Ramazanpour ◽

Vahid Shariati ◽

Vahid Shariati

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Peroxide ◽

Chlorophyll A ◽

Salinity Stress ◽

Chinese Spring ◽

Sampling Time ◽

Wheat Crop ◽

Chlorophyll B ◽

Total Chlorophyll ◽

Wheat Cultivars ◽

Total Carbohydrates

Investigation of wheat response to salinity stress can help to better understand the effective defense mechanisms of salinity stress tolerance. For this purpose, biochemical and physiological traits related to salinity tolerance in wheat cultivars were evaluated at Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources in 2019. Experimental factors, included two wheat crop cultivars (Sarc and Chinese spring as tolerant and susceptible wheat cultivars, respectively) and sampling time series (zero or control, 24, 48, 72, and 96 h) were examined in a factorial experiment based on a completely randomized design with three replications. Salinity stress was applied with sodium chloride at a concentration of 250 mM to uniform 10-day-old seedlings at the two-leaf stage, followed by sampling of shoot tissue. The studied traits were hydrogen peroxide (H2O2 ), chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, chlorophyllase, carotenoids, proline, and total carbohydrates. Results of analysis of variance (ANOVA) indicated significant effects of genotype, time, and interaction of genotype × time (except H2O2 and total carbohydrates) on all the studied traits. Results of interaction of genotype × time showed although the trend of changes in the studied traits, depending on the type of cultivar and the sampling time were different, but generally, the susceptible Chinese spring cultivar contained higher levels of chlorophyllase and carotenoids than the control time at the end of sampling time and also higher H2O2 levels than the Sarc tolerant cultivar, while the Sarc tolerant cultivar, on the other hand, contained higher levels of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, and proline than the control time at the end of sampling time and also greater total carbohydrates than the susceptible Chinese spring cultivar. The results confirm the higher capacity of the antioxidant defense system of Sarc tolerant cultivar than the susceptible Chinese spring cultivar. Therefore

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Application of Caulerpa racemosa extract as a natural colourant in raw noodles

Food Research ◽

10.26656/fr.2017.5(s3).009 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (S3) ◽

pp. 62-69

Author(s):

F. Sholicha ◽

E.N. Dewi ◽

L. Purnamayati

Keyword(s):

Tensile Strength ◽

Chlorophyll A ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Consumer Preference ◽

Total Phenol ◽

Distilled Water ◽

Total Chlorophyll ◽

Caulerpa Racemosa ◽

Natural Colorant ◽

Chlorophyll Protein

Caulerpa racemosa is a green macroalga that contains chlorophyll, a natural colorant, which has anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiparasitic, and antioxidant properties. This study aimed to determine the effect different concentrations of C. racemosa mixed with distilled water have on raw noodles and to discover the optimal concentration. Fresh C. racemosa was mixed with distilled water into 25%, 50%, and 75% w/v solutions. It was then added to the dough for making noodles, the latter of which were tested in triplicate for colour, total phenol, total chlorophyll, protein, tensile strength, and consumer preference. The C. racemosa extracts had a significant effect (P<0.05) on colour, total phenol, total chlorophyll, protein, and consumer preference, but did not significantly influence tensile strength. Noodles with a 75% C. racemosa concentration were preferred for their attractive green colour.

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Leaf chlorophyll content in North Sulawesi (Indonesia) local rice cultivars subjected to polyethylene glycol (PEG) 8000-induced water deficit at the vegetative phase

Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity ◽

10.13057/biodiv/d200905 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 (9) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Song Ai Nio ◽

MONALISA Pirade ◽

DANIEL PETER MANTILEN Ludong

Keyword(s):

Polyethylene Glycol ◽

Water Potential ◽

Water Deficit ◽

Chlorophyll A ◽

Total Chlorophyll ◽

Rice Cultivars ◽

Vegetative Phase ◽

North Sulawesi ◽

Leaf Chlorophyll ◽

Peg 8000

Abstract. Nio SA, Pirade M, Ludong DPM. 2019. Leaf chlorophyll content in North Sulawesi (Indonesia) local rice cultivars subjected to polyethylene glycol (PEG) 8000-induced water deficit at the vegetative phase. Biodiversitas 20: 2462-2467. Climate change can result in drought stress in the environment and this condition reduces rice production. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) is used to induce water deficit, because it is able to decrease water potential in the solution. The present study aimed to evaluate the physiological response of North Sulawesi local rice (cvs. Superwin, Ombong, Burungan, and Temo) to PEG 8000-induced water deficit based on the leaf chlorophylls (a, b and total chl.) content at the vegetative phase. The results of this study showed that PEG 8000-induced water deficit with media water potential (WP) -0.25 and -0.5 MPa decreased the content of leaf total chlorophyll and leaf chlorophyll a. The longer treatment period could reduce the contents of leaf total chlorophyll, chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b. The content of leaf chlorophyll total and chlorophyll a were potential physiological indicators for North Sulawesi local rice response to PEG 8000-induced water deficit.

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