Gold Nanoparticle Drug Delivery System: Principle and Application

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 445-460
Author(s):  
Qianrong Xiang ◽  
Zhuoxuan Wu ◽  
Er-Kang Tian ◽  
Shiqi Nong ◽  
Wen Liao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Major Choice ◽  
Biological Macromolecules ◽  
Biological Macromolecule ◽  
Solid Gold ◽  
Bulk Solid ◽  
Nanoparticle Drug Delivery ◽  
Physical And Chemical

In recent years, gold nanoparticles (GNPs) have gradually become a major choice of drug delivery cargoes due to unique properties. Compared to traditional bulk solid gold, GNPs have basic physical and chemical advantages, such as a larger surface area-to-volume ratio and easier surface modification. Furthermore, these have excellent biocompatibility, can induce the directional adsorption and enrichment of biological macromolecules, help retain biological macromolecule activity, and cause low harm to the human body. All these make GNPs good drug delivery cargoes. The present study introduces the properties of GNPs, including factors that affect the properties and synthesis. Then, focus was given on the application in drug delivery, not only on the molecular mechanism, but also on the clinical application. Furthermore, the properties and applications of peptide GNPs were also introduced. Finally, the challenges and prospects of GNPs for drug delivery were summarized.

Chemical Compostion Analysis on Sintered Gold and Platinum Nanoparticles

2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (S2) ◽  
pp. 28-29
Author(s):  
S. Lu ◽  
N. Yao ◽  
I. A. Aksay
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Citrate ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Pt Nanoparticles ◽  
Intermediate Stage ◽  
Bulk Solid ◽  
Extended Solids ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Nanoparticles continue to attract interests because they fall into intermediate stage between molecular and macroscopic materials. Due to their large surface-to-volume ratio, nanoparticles exhibit physical and chemical properties that differ markedly from those characterizing the bulk solid state. One example is the phase diagram of a nanomaterial. Because nanocrystals display clear changes in both the thermodynamics and the kinetics of phase transitions, we expect different solubility limits in the nanometer regime. This means that phases unstable or unobserved in extended solids may be prepared as nanocrystals. We synthesized Au and Pt nanoparticles and performed chemical analysis on the sintered agglomerates.The colloidal Au and Pt particles were synthesized according to Turkevich's method. An aqueous AuCl3 solution (50mg Au/L) was heated to 70°C. A determined amount of lwt% aqueous sodium citrate dihydrate (Na3C6H5O7.2H2O) solution was added such that the citrate-to-Au mass ratio was 10.

Role of Gold Nanoparticles in Drug Delivery and Cancer Therapy

2021 ◽  
pp. 124-140
Author(s):  
Mohammad Nadeem Lone ◽  
Irshad Ahmad Wani ◽  
Gulam Nabi Yatoo ◽  
Zubaid U-Khazir ◽  
Javid Ahmad Banday
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Drug Carriers ◽  
Photothermal Effect ◽  
Intracellular Release ◽  
High Dispersity

Among various nanoparticles (NPs), gold nanoparticles (GNPs) gained valuable attention in the field of medicine because of some unique properties like small size and high surface area-to-volume ratio, inert nature, stability, high dispersity, non-cytotoxicity, and biocompatibility. These NPs are evolving as promising agents especially in drug carriers, cancer therapy, and constantly being exploring as photothermal agents, contrast agents, and radiosensitisers. Besides, GNPs interact with thiols that provides an effective and selective means of controlled intracellular release. At the present, cancer patients are increasing rapidly at national and international levels. In this chapter, efforts have taken to highlight the importance of GNPs, their critical mediation in drug delivery, as sensors for probing and imaging tumors and anti-angiogenesis. More importantly, this short piece of analysis highlights the photothermal effect of GNPs in therapy and as radiosensitizers. Finally, the current challenges and future perspectives of GNP's in cancer management are also discussed.

Magnetic Nanoparticles as Drug Carriers: Review

2014 ◽  
Vol 807 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Rajeswari ◽  
R. Jothilakshmi
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Magnetic Nanoparticles ◽  
Magnetic Nanoparticle ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Drug Carriers ◽  
The Body ◽  
Computational Tools ◽  
Magnetic Elements ◽  
Nanoparticle Drug Delivery ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Magnetic nanoparticles are made up of magnetic elements such as iron, nickel, cobalt and their oxides. Their unique physical and chemical properties, biocompatibility and their ability to be manipulated by external magnetic fields have made them as popular drug carriers in recent years. They offer various advantages such as ability to carry drugs to the desired areas in the body, and the ability to release the drugs in a controlled manner which in turn help in reducing side effects to other organs and in providing correct dosage of drugs. However, the complexity of the drug delivery system is a challenge in further improving the efficiency of magnetic nanoparticle drug delivery. In order to overcome this challenge, computational tools help in understanding the complexity of the drug delivery process and to design magnetic nanoparticles which are more efficient in drug delivery. In this chapter we propose to review various properties of magnetic nanoparticles, applications of magnetic nanoparticles as drug carriers, challenges in using them for drug delivery, various computational tools which aid in modeling magnetic nanoparticle drug delivery and in designing magnetic nanoparticles for efficient targeted drug delivery.

Lipospheres: Emerging Carriers in the Delivery of Proteins and Peptides

1970 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-214
Author(s):  
Manju Rawat ◽  
Swarnlata Saraf
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Protein Stability ◽  
Biodegradable Polymers ◽  
Clinical Utility ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Peptide Delivery ◽  
Chemical Instabilities ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Proteins And Peptides

Currently, drug delivery technologies for protein and peptide delivery mainly rely on biodegradable polymers. However, protein stability during release from these systems can be critical due to physical and chemical instabilities. Lipospheres are solid microparticles composed of fat core stabilized by phospholipids layer represent an alternative carrier for the delivery of highly challenging, labile and unstable  substances. This review highlights various aspects of lipospheres like physicochemical characteristics and stability for better clinical utility with a wider spectrum of proteins and peptides.

Multiscale Imaging of Nanoparticle Drug Delivery

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 560-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence Dobrucki ◽  
Dipanjan Pan ◽  
Andrew Smith
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Nanoparticle Drug Delivery ◽  
Multiscale Imaging

Antibacterial and Anti-Biofilm Biosynthesised Silver and Gold Nanoparticles for Medical Applications: Mechanism of Action, Toxicity and Current Status

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sundos Suleman Ismail Abdalla ◽  
Haliza Katas ◽  
Fazren Azmi ◽  
Mohd Fauzi Mh Busra
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Synthesis Method ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Silver And Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Physical And Chemical Characterization ◽  
Biosynthesized Agnps ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Bio Synthesis

Fast progress in nanoscience and nanotechnology has contributed to the way in which people diagnose, combat, and overcome various diseases differently from the conventional methods. Metal nanoparticles, mainly silver and gold nanoparticles (AgNPs and AuNPs, respectively), are currently developed for many applications in the medical and pharmaceutical area including as antibacterial, antibiofilm as well as anti-leshmanial agents, drug delivery systems, diagnostics tools, as well as being included in personal care products and cosmetics. In this review, the preparation of AgNPs and AuNPs using different methods is discussed, particularly the green or bio- synthesis method as well as common methods used for their physical and chemical characterization. In addition, the mechanisms of the antimicrobial and anti-biofilm activity of AgNPs and AuNPs are discussed, along with the toxicity of both nanoparticles. The review will provide insight into the potential of biosynthesized AgNPs and AuNPs as antimicrobial nanomaterial agents for future use.

Nanoparticle Drug Delivery Systems: Recent Patents and Applications in Nanomedicine

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Martins ◽  
Daniela Rosa ◽  
Alexandra Fernandes ◽  
Pedro V. Baptista
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Nanoparticle Drug Delivery

Novel Applications of Nanotechnology in Controlling HIV and HSV Infections

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sai Akilesh M ◽  
Ashish Wadhwani
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Polymeric Nanoparticles ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Multi Drug Resistance ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Pharmaceutical Properties ◽  
Simplex Virus ◽  
The Impact

: Infectious diseases have been prevalent since many decades and viral pathogens have caused global health crisis and economic meltdown on a devastating scale. High occurrence of newer viral infections in the recent years, in spite of the progress achieved in the field of pharmaceutical sciences defines the critical need for newer and more effective antiviral therapies and diagnostics. The incidence of multi-drug resistance and adverse effects due to the prolonged use of anti-viral therapy is also a major concern. Nanotechnology offers a cutting edge platform for the development of novel compounds and formulations for biomedical applications. The unique properties of nano-based materials can be attributed to the multi-fold increase in the surface to volume ratio at the nano-scale, tunable surface properties of charge and chemical moieties. Idealistic pharmaceutical properties such as increased bioavailability and retention times, lower toxicity profiles, sustained release formulations, lower dosage forms and most importantly, targeted drug delivery can be achieved through the approach of nanotechnology. The extensively researched nano-based materials are metal and polymeric nanoparticles, dendrimers and micelles, nano-drug delivery vesicles, liposomes and lipid based nanoparticles. In this review article, the impact of nanotechnology on the treatment of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) viral infections during the last decade are outlined.

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