scholarly journals Inflammatory risk factors for hypertriglyceridemia in patients with severe influenza

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (8) ◽  
pp. 030006052091805
Author(s):  
Tianshu Zhai ◽  
Xiaojing Wu ◽  
Nannan Zhang ◽  
Xu Huang ◽  
Qingyuan Zhan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Influenza Virus Infection ◽  
Serum Triglyceride ◽  
Normal Serum ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Serum Triglycerides ◽  
Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein 1 ◽  
Severe Influenza ◽  
Ifn Γ

Objective Inflammation and viral infections can induce significant changes in lipid metabolism. Hypertriglyceridemia (HTG) often occurs secondary to obesity, which is an independent risk factor for influenza virus infection. However, the inflammatory risk factors contributing to HTG in patients with severe influenza have yet to be elucidated. Materials and methods Plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) samples were collected from 33 patients with severe influenza (n = 26 control patients with normal serum triglyceride levels and n = 7 HTG patients with serum triglycerides >2.3 mM). Levels of 45 putative inflammatory risk factors were quantitated using a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. Results Plasma levels of interferon (IFN)-γ, interleukin (IL)-18, IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, macrophage inflammatory protein-1α, hepatocyte growth factor, stem cell factor, and vascular endothelial growth factor A were significantly higher in HTG patients compared with control patients. BALF samples from HTG patients contained significantly higher levels of IL-1RA and lower levels of IFN-γ-inducible protein-10. Conclusion HTG in patients with severe influenza is associated with alterations in several inflammatory risk factors. Our results provide new insights that may enable more effective clinical management of severe influenza combined with HCT.

Clinical significance of cytokine markers in children with different courses of community-acquired pneumonia

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 18-23
Author(s):  
G.P. Evseeva ◽  
◽  
G.N. Kholodok ◽  
S.V. Pichugina ◽  
S.V. Suprun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cytokine Production ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Interferon Γ ◽  
Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Interleukin 17 ◽  
Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein 1 ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Ifn Γ

Principles of the diagnosis and treatment of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in children were developed and clearly formulated long ago. Nevertheless, clinicians often encounter the problem of pulmonary and pleural complications of CAP, which is challenging in terms of the choice of initial therapy, since the first symptoms of uncomplicated and complicated pneumonia are often similar. Therefore, the search for early markers of complicated CAP in children is highly important. Objective. To assess prognostic values of spontaneous and mitogen-induced cytokine production in children with CAP. Patients and methods. We have performed comprehensive examination of 108 children with CAP. Eighty-four of them had uncomplicated CAP, whereas 24 children had CAP complicated by pleurisy. We measured spontaneous and induced production of the following cytokines upon patient admission to hospital: interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-17 (IL-17), interferon-γ (IFN-γ), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1). To measure induced cytokine production, we stimulated peripheral blood lymphocytes by S. рneumonае (serotype 7, 11; strains 7C and 11AD). The level of cytokines was evaluated using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Vektor-BEST, Novosibirsk, Russia). Results. We found that in children with uncomplicated CAP, induction of immunocompetent blood cells (IBCs) led to increased secretion of first-generation cytokines, including IL-1, TNF-α, and IFN-γ, whereas IBCs of patients with complicated CAP primarily produced second-generation cytokines, including VEGF, МРС-1, and IL-17. Conclusion. The observed differences in spontaneous and mitogen-induced cytokine production between children with and without CAP complications suggest that these parameters can be considered as promising prognostic markers for complicated CAP in children. The proposed method can be used in pediatric practice to predict the development of complications in children with CAP. Key words: children, community-acquired pneumonia, cytokines

scholarly journals Brain-Behavior-Immune Interaction: Serum Cytokines and Growth Factors in Patients with Eating Disorders at Extremes of the Body Mass Index (BMI) Spectrum

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariarita Caroleo ◽  
Elvira Anna Carbone ◽  
Marta Greco ◽  
Domenica Maria Corigliano ◽  
Biagio Arcidiacono ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Growth Factors ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Eating Behaviors ◽  
The Body ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein 1 ◽  
Cytokine Balance ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor

Alterations of the immune system are known in eating disorders (EDs), however the importance of cytokine balance in this context has not been clarified. We compared cytokines and growth factors at opposite ends of BMI ranges, in 90 patients classified in relation to BMI, depressive and EDs comorbidities. Serum concentrations of interleukin (IL)-1α, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and epidermal growth factor (EGF) were determined by a biochip analyzer (Randox Labs). Differences were calculated through ANOVA. Possible predictors of higher cytokine levels were evaluated through regression analysis. IL-1α, IL-10, EGF, and IFN-γ were altered individuals with anorexia nervosa (AN) and binge eating disorder (BED). Night-eating was associated with IL-8 and EGF levels, IL-10 concentrations with post-dinner eating and negatively with sweet-eating, long fasting with higher IFN-γ levels. IL-2 increase was not linked to EDs, but to the interaction of depression and BMI. Altogether, for the first time, IL-1α, IL-10, EGF, and IFN-γ were shown to differ between AN and HCs, and between AN and individuals with obesity with or without BED. Only IL-2 was influenced by depression. Dysfunctional eating behaviors predicted abnormal concentrations of IL-10, EGF, IL-8 and IFN-γ.

scholarly journals Cytokine and growth factor profiling in patients with the metabolic syndrome

2015 ◽  
Vol 113 (12) ◽  
pp. 1911-1919 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed Reza Mirhafez ◽  
Alireza Pasdar ◽  
Amir Avan ◽  
Habibollah Esmaily ◽  
Atefeh Moezzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Interferon Γ ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein 1 ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
Altered Blood

The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with a pro-inflammatory milieu that may partially account for its association with an increased cardiovascular risk. We aimed to (1) evaluate the serum concentrations of twelve cytokines and growth factors (epidermal growth factor (EGF), interferon-γ (IFN-γ), IL-1α/-1β/-2/-4/-6/-8/-10, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), TNF-α and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)) in 303 individuals with or without the MetS; and (2) explore their relationship with the presence of the MetS. Patients with the MetS had significantly higher serum concentrations of IFN-γ, EGF, IL-1α/-1β/-2/-4/-6/-8/-10, MCP-1 and TNF-α, whilst serum VEGF concentrations were markedly lower compared with the control group (e.g. 38·55 v. 82·18 pg/ml; P< 0·05). Amongst these parameters, IFN-γ and IL-1α emerged as the most significant independent predictors of the MetS. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate that patients with the MetS had an altered blood cytokine and growth factor profile that may partially account for its adverse clinical outcomes. Further prospective studies in larger multi-centre settings are required to unravel the role and association of the emerging biomarkers with the MetS and their implication in therapeutic intervention.

scholarly journals Manipulation of the Fascial System Applied During Acute Inflammation of the Connective Tissue of the Thoracolumbar Region Affects Transforming Growth Factor-β1 and Interleukin-4 Levels: Experimental Study in Mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Elisa Duarte França ◽  
Larissa Sinhorim ◽  
Daniel Fernandes Martins ◽  
Robert Schleip ◽  
Nicolas A. M. M. Machado-Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Neutrophil Migration ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Β1 ◽  
Interleukin 4 ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein 1 ◽  
Thoracolumbar Region ◽  
Tgf Β1

Fascia can become rigid and assume a fibrotic pattern due to inflammatory processes. Manipulation of the fascial system (MFS), manual technique targeting connective tissues, is commonly used in clinical practice in pain management. We aimed to verify MFS effects on the connective tissue inflammatory changes in mice. Swiss Mus musculus male mice (n = 44) were distributed into groups: carrageenan without treatment (Car, n = 11), carrageenan with MFS (Car + MFS, n = 12), saline without treatment (n = 10), and saline with MFS (saline + MFS, n = 11). Interleukin 4 (IL-4), IL-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF), transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1), and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) levels were verified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Neutrophil (Ly-6G), macrophage (F4/80), and nitric oxide synthase 2 (NOS-2) were identified using Western blot. The MFS protocol was applied from the first to the third day after inflammation of the connective tissue of the thoracolumbar region. There was a significant MFS effect on IL-4 (p = 0.02) and TGF-β1 (p = 0.04), without increasing MCP-1, TNF, and IL-6 levels (p &gt; 0.05) on thoracolumbar region from Car + MFS, in comparison with saline. Ly-6G in Car + MFS presented lower levels when compared with saline (p = 0.003) or saline + MFS (0.003). NOS-2 levels were lower in Car + MFS than in saline + MFS (p = 0.0195) or saline (p = 0.003). MFS may have an anti-inflammatory effect, based on TGF-β1 and IL-4. IL-4 may have inhibited neutrophil migration. Lower levels of NOS-2 may be linked to the lack of macrophages, which are responsible for NOS-2 expression.

scholarly journals Carcinoembryonic Antigen: A Predictor of Inflammatory Condition in Patients with Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huan Ge ◽  
Feifei Yin ◽  
Yuanyuan Jiang ◽  
Lisha Luo ◽  
Shuanglinzi Deng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carcinoembryonic Antigen ◽  
Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Normal Serum ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Gm Csf ◽  
Serum Cea ◽  
Ifn Γ

Abstract Background: Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillus (ABPA) is a complex non-infectious pulmonary benign disease caused by immune response against to aspergillus. Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is a tumor marker but also elevated in some benign diseases. Few studies on ABPA with elevated serum CEA levels have been reported. Objects: This study aims to comb the clinical characters of ABPA with elevated serum CEA. Methods: 20 patients diagnosed as ABPA were divided into two groups (CEA normal and CEA elevated) for retrospective analysis. The eosinophil count and ratio, IgE level in the pretherapy and post-treatment were compared. Serum samples of patients with ABPA (n = 20) and asthma (n = 20), healthy controls (n=20) were collected. Levels of cytokines (IL-4, IL-5, GM-CSF, IFN-γ) were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: We found that in ABPA patients with normal serum CEA levels, eosinophil counts and IgE levels decreased more obviously after treatment. Besides, we established higher serum levels of IL-4, IL-5, GM-CSF and IFN-γ in ABPA patients with elevated serum CEA levels.Conclusion: For the ABPA patients with elevated serum CEA levels, CEA may serve as a monitoring indicator for severity and treatment efficacy of ABPA.

No Evidence for Short-Term Regulation of Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor Activity by Insulin in Man

1992 ◽  
Vol 67 (01) ◽  
pp. 117-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena Vuorinen-Markkola ◽  
llpo Puhakainen ◽  
Hannele Yki-Järvinen
Keyword(s):  
Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Serum Triglyceride ◽  
Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor ◽  
Saline Infusion ◽  
Serum Triglycerides ◽  
Serum Free ◽  
Free Insulin ◽  
Activator Inhibitor ◽  
Pai 1

SummaryIn crossectional studies a positive correlation has been found between circulating insulin, triglycerides and plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1) activity. To directly examine the effect of insulin on PAI-1 activity in vivo, we determined the response of PAI-1 activity in 17 normal subjects to acute hyperinsulinemia (serum free insulin 92 ± 8 mU/l) during maintenance of normoglycemia (plasma glucose 5.1 ± 0.1 mmol/l). In 12 matched control subjects PAI-1 activity was measured during infusion of saline (serum free insulin 3.6 ± 0.3 mU/l, plasma glucose 5.2 ± 0.1 mmol/l). Plasma PAI-1 activity decreased during the insulin infusion from 9.0 α 1.4 to 5.6 α 0.8 U/ml (p <0.01), and during saline infusion from 7.0 ± 1.4 to 4.3 ± 0.6 U/ml (p <0.05). Serum triglyceride concentrations decreased from 1.09 ± 0.20 to 0.76 ± 0.09 mmol/l (p < 0.001) during hyperinsulinemia but remained unchanged during the saline infusion (1.04 ± 0.11 vs. 1.02 ± 0.12 mmol/l, NS). We conclude that insulin does not acutely change plasma PAI-1 activity, and that acute insulin-induced changes in serum triglycerides occur independently from those of PAI-1 activity.

Elevated Inflammatory Parameter Levels Negatively Impact Populations of Circulating Stem Cells (CD133+), Early Endothelial Progenitor Cells (CD133+/VEGFR2+), and Fibroblast Growth Factor in Stroke Patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Golab-Janowska ◽  
Edyta Paczkowska ◽  
Boguslaw Machalinski ◽  
Dariusz Kotlega ◽  
Agnieszka Meller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Progenitor Cells ◽  
Endothelial Progenitor Cells ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Fibroblast Growth ◽  
Vascular Risk ◽  
Endothelial Progenitor ◽  
Inflammatory Parameters

Background: Endothelial Progenitor Cells (EPCs) are important players in neovascularization, mobilized through signalling by Angiogenic Growth Factors (AGFs) such as Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) and fibroblast growth factor (FGF). In vitro, inflammatory parameters impair the function and influence of EPCs on AGFs. However, this connection is not clear in vivo. To understand the mechanisms of augmented arteriogenesis and angiogenesis in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients, we investigated whether circulating stem cells (CD133+), early endothelial progenitor cells (CD133+/VEGFR2+), and endothelial cells (ECs; CD34¯/CD133¯/VEGFR2+) were increasingly mobilized during AIS, and whether there were correlations between EPC levels, growth factor levels and inflammatory parameters. Methods: Data on demographics, classical vascular risk factors, neurological deficit information (assessed using the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale), and treatment were collected from 43 consecutive AIS patients (group I). Risk factor control patients (group II) included 22 nonstroke subjects matched by age, gender, and traditional vascular risk factors. EPCs were measured by flow cytometry and the populations of circulating stem cells (CD133+), early EPCs (CD133+/VEGFR2+), and ECs (CD34¯/CD133¯/VEGFR2+) were analysed. Correlations between EPC levels and VEGF and FGF vascular growth factor levels as well as the influence of inflammatory parameters on EPCs and AGFs were assessed. Results: Patient ages ranged from 54 to 92 years (mean age 75.2 ± 11.3 years). The number of circulating CD34¯/CD133¯/VEGF-R2+ cells was significantly higher in AIS patients than in control patients (p < 0.05). VEGF plasma levels were also significantly higher in AIS patients compared to control patients on day 7 (p < 0.05). FGF plasma levels in patients with AIS were significantly higher than those in the control group on day 3 (p < 0.05). There were no correlations between increased VEGF and FGF levels and the number of CD133+, CD133+/VEGFR2+, or CD34¯/CD133¯/VEGFR2+ cells. Leukocyte levels, FGF plasma levels, and the number of early EPCs were negatively correlated on day 3. High sensitivity C-reactive protein levels and the number of CD133+ and CD133+/VEGFR2+ cells were negatively correlated on day 7. In addition, there was a negative correlation between fibrinogen levels and FGF plasma levels as well as the number of early EPCs (CD133+/VEGFR2+). Conclusion: AIS patients exhibited increased numbers of early EPCs (CD133+/VEGFR2+) and AGF (VEGF and FGF) levels. A negative correlation between inflammatory parameters and AGFs and EPCs indicated the unfavourable influence of inflammatory factors on EPC differentiation and survival. Moreover, these correlations represented an important mechanism linking inflammation to vascular disease.

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