scholarly journals Sport and exercise in times of self-quarantine: How Germans changed their behaviour at the beginning of the Covid-19 pandemic

2020 ◽  
pp. 101269022093433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Mutz ◽  
Markus Gerke
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Sports Clubs ◽  
Federal States ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Community Sports ◽  
Sport And Exercise

Due to the massive spread of a new Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), many European governments enacted rules and legislations in order to reduce social interactions and contain the spread of the virus. German authorities put in force a lockdown of all non-essential infrastructure, starting on 22 March 2020. These policies included the closing of sports clubs, fitness centres and community sports grounds. Most federal states prohibited social gatherings of more than two people, thereby further restricting opportunities to play sport and exercise together. The paper addresses how Germans adapted their leisure time sport and exercise (LTSE) activities in this unprecedented situation. Based on survey data representing the adult population (⩾ 14 years, N=1001, data collection 27 March to 6 April 2020), the paper shows a significant decline in LTSE activities at population level. Overall, 31% of Germans reduced their LTSE, while 27% maintained and 6% intensified their LTSE level. A share of 36% was not engaged in LTSE, either before or at the beginning of the lockdown. Younger age groups were more likely to maintain LTSE levels compared with older ones. Comparisons of ‘reducers’ and ‘maintainers/ intensifiers’ indicate that the latter group increased home-based workouts and outdoor endurance sports, while ‘reducers’ did not find adequate substitutes for their sporting routines.

Thoracic Trauma in Children

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 74 (5) ◽  
pp. 813-819
Author(s):  
Janet L. Meller ◽  
Alex G. Little ◽  
Dennis W. Shermeta
Keyword(s):  
Thoracic Trauma ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Tube Placement ◽  
Diagnostic Measures ◽  
City Environment ◽  
Chest Injuries ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
The University ◽  
Time Of Presentation

A 20-year experience at The University of Chicago in dealing with chest injuries in pediatric patients has been reviewed. The clinical presentation, including results of diagnostic measures, and the initial and definitive management of thoracic trauma in children are discussed. The condition of the majority of patients was stable at time of presentation. The most frequent surgical intervention performed was intercostal tube placement. Thoracotomy was infrequently required and laparotomy for associated injuries was more common. Trends in the causes and epidemiology of thoracic trauma in an inner city environment over this 20-year period were noted: Blunt trauma, which is increasing in frequency, most commonly involves the younger age group and is usually related to automobile accidents. Penetrating injuries are generally seen in older patients within the pediatric age groups and are similar to those seen in the adult population.

scholarly journals Prevalence of diabetes in the adult population of Novosibirsk

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 329-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svetlana V. Mustafina ◽  
Oksana D. Rymar ◽  
Sofiya K. Malyutina ◽  
Diana V. Denisova ◽  
Liliya V. Shcherbakova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adult Population ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
High Prevalence

Aims. To estimate the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in different age groups of the adult population of Novosibirsk, according to epidemiological studies in 20032005 and 20132016. Methods. We examined a representative population sample (assessed in 20032005) of men and women aged 4569 years in two administrative districts of Novosibirsk, as a part of the international HAPIEE project. According to the tables of random numbers, representative samples of men and women aged 4569 years were formed, to which letters were sent, inviting them to pass for examination. During 20132016, a second population survey was conducted on a random representative sample of a population of 2544-year-olds of both sexes. Participants were residents of one of the districts of Novosibirsk. T2DM and impaired fasting glucose (IFG) were diagnosed using fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels (diabetes: FPG 7.0 mmol/l; IFG: FPG 6.16.9 mmol/l). Results. The prevalence of T2DM among residents aged 4569 years was 11.3%, and overall, no significant difference in prevalence was found between females and males (11.3% vs. 11.0%). However, the overall prevalence of T2DM among residents aged 2544 years was 2.2%, and prevalence was higher in men (3.5%) than in women (1.1%), p 0.05. High prevalence of IFG was found in the 4569 age group (18.2%, in 20032005), and in the younger age group of 2544 years (21.6%, in 20132016). The high rate among young individuals is particularly alarming. Less than one half (4.8 out of 11.3%) of participants aged 4569 tested positive for T2DM, and only one in the age group 2544 years knew he/she had diabetes. This indicates a lack of knowledge among Siberians about their problem with diabetes. Conclusion. Approximately one in five adults had IFG. Among the adult population aged 4569 (in 20032005), 18.2% had IFG and 11.3% had T2DM. In individuals aged 2544 years in 20132016, IFG was observed in 21.6%, and 2.2% had T2DM (p0.05).

scholarly journals Patterns of COVID-19 pandemic dynamics following deployment of a broad national immunization program

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hagai Rossman ◽  
Smadar Shilo ◽  
Tomer Meir ◽  
Malka Gorfine ◽  
Uri Shalit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Vaccination Campaign ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
The Real ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Life Impact

AbstractStudies on the real-life impact of the BNT162b2 vaccine, recently authorized for the prevention of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), are urgently needed. Here, we analysed the temporal dynamics of the number of new COVID-19 cases and hospitalization in Israel following a rapid vaccination campaign initiated on December 20th, 2020. We conducted a retrospective descriptive analysis of data originating from the Israeli Ministry of Health (MOH) from March 2020 to February 2021. In order to distill the possible effect of the vaccinations from other factors, including a third lockdown imposed in Israel on January 2021, we compared the time-dependent changes in number of COVID-19 cases and hospitalizations between (1) individuals aged 60 years and older, eligible to receive the vaccine earlier, and younger age groups; (2) the latest lockdown (which was imposed in parallel to the vaccine rollout) versus the previous lockdown, imposed on September 2020; (3) early-vaccinated cities compared to late-vaccinated cities; and (4) early-vaccinated geographical statistical areas (GSAs) compared to late-vaccinated GSAs. In mid-January, the number of COVID-19 cases and hospitalization started to decline, with a larger and earlier decrease among older individuals, followed by younger age groups, by the order in which they were prioritized for vaccination. This fast and early decline in older individuals was more evident in early-vaccinated compared to late-vaccinated cities. Such a pattern was not observed in the previous lockdown. Our analysis demonstrates evidence for the real-life impact of a national vaccination campaign in Israel on the pandemic dynamics. We believe that our findings have major public health implications in the struggle against the COVID-19 pandemic, including the public ’s perception of the need for and benefit of nationwide vaccination campaigns. More studies aimed at assessing the effectiveness and impact of vaccination both on the individual and on the population level, with longer followup, are needed.

scholarly journals Prevalence of hypovitaminosis D in the adult population of the Republic of Belarus

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
pp. 601-607
Author(s):  
A. V. Rudenko
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Hypovitaminosis D ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Adults And Children ◽  
The Republic

Hypovitaminosis D in both adults and children is detected with high frequency in various geographic zones of our planet. At the same time, vitamin D has a number of positive effects on human health and is an important micronutrient for prevention of some diseases. The purpose of this study is to identify the incidence of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency in the adult population of the Republic of Belarus. We analyzed the laboratory results on total vitamin D that was produced in 2019 and 2020 in persons over 18 years old living in the Republic of Belarus. The vitamin D status was assessed according to international guidelines. The average level of vitamin D in the surveyed population during the study period did not reach normal values in all age groups in both men and women. The highest frequency of hypovitaminosis D was observed in the autumn-winter period and reached 81.6 % in January 2019 and 77.8 % in January 2020. In the summer months, normal levels of vitamin D were observed in less than 50 % of those surveyed: the maximum values were 40.7 % in July 2019 and 45.8 % in July 2020. Due to the high prevalence of hypovitaminosis D, it is advisable to carry out measures for prevention and treatment of DVD in the residents of the Republic of Belarus at the population level. 

Inequalities and Impact of Socioeconomic-Cultural Factors in Suicide Rates Across Italy

Crisis ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 178-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurizio Pompili ◽  
Marco Innamorati ◽  
Monica Vichi ◽  
Maria Masocco ◽  
Nicola Vanacore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Rate ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Italian Population ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Suicide Rates ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Age And Sex

Background: Suicide is a major cause of premature death in Italy and occurs at different rates in the various regions. Aims: The aim of the present study was to provide a comprehensive overview of suicide in the Italian population aged 15 years and older for the years 1980–2006. Methods: Mortality data were extracted from the Italian Mortality Database. Results: Mortality rates for suicide in Italy reached a peak in 1985 and declined thereafter. The different patterns observed by age and sex indicated that the decrease in the suicide rate in Italy was initially the result of declining rates in those aged 45+ while, from 1997 on, the decrease was attributable principally to a reduction in suicide rates among the younger age groups. It was found that socioeconomic factors underlined major differences in the suicide rate across regions. Conclusions: The present study confirmed that suicide is a multifaceted phenomenon that may be determined by an array of factors. Suicide prevention should, therefore, be targeted to identifiable high-risk sociocultural groups in each country.

MONITORING RESULTS OF SAZAN (CYPRINUS CARPIO CARPIO LINNAEUS, 1758) POPULATION IN THE EASTERN PART OF THE TAGANROG BAY AND THE DON RIVER DELTA

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.A. Balykin ◽  
◽  
A.V. Startsev ◽  
G.E. Guskov ◽  
A.S. Grin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Indirect Evidence ◽  
Parasite Fauna ◽  
River Delta ◽  
Weight Growth ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Cyprinus Carpio Carpio ◽  
Don River ◽  
Taganrog Bay ◽  
Biological State

The materials for 2003-2018 on the biological state of sazan of the eastern part of the Taganrog Bay and the Don River delta were summarized. It has been shown that the catches of sazan in the study area consisted of more than half of the fish of younger age groups, the length of which was less than the commercial measure. The ratio of linear and weight growth of sazan is shifting towards a decrease in the mass of one-dimensional specimen, which is indirect evidence of the deterioration of the natural living conditions of semi-migratory fish. In 2019, the carp parasite fauna was represented by 7 species related to monogenes - 2 species, cestodes - 3 species, nematodes - 1 species, crustaceans - 1. The state of the sazan population needs further research.

scholarly journals Five reasons COVID-19 is less severe in younger age groups

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul W Turke
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Life History Theory ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Medical Community ◽  
System Function ◽  
The Third ◽  
Immune System Function ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Younger Age

Abstract The severity of COVID-19 is age-related, with the advantage going to younger age groups. Five reasons are presented. The first two are well-known, are being actively researched by the broader medical community, and therefore are discussed only briefly here. The third, fourth, and fifth reasons derive from evolutionary life history theory, and potentially fill gaps in current understanding of why and how young and old age groups respond differently to infection with SARS-CoV-2. Age of onset of generalized somatic aging, and the timing of its progression, are identified as important causes of these disparities, as are specific antagonistic pleiotropic tradeoffs in immune system function.

scholarly journals COMMUNITY IMPACT FOR CLINICALLY INTEGRATED ATC PROGRAM IN A SPORTSMEDICINE PRACTICE

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7_suppl3) ◽  
pp. 2325967121S0005
Author(s):  
Laura Grambo ◽  
Samantha Rivero ◽  
Katie Harbacheck ◽  
Christine Boyd ◽  
Shaun Keefer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sports Medicine ◽  
Community Outreach ◽  
Fiscal Year ◽  
Outreach Program ◽  
Building Relationships ◽  
Sports Clubs ◽  
Community Needs ◽  
Community Sports ◽  
Certified Athletic Trainer ◽  
The Impact

Background: Health Systems routinely make investments in clinically driven outreach programs to build for future community needs, improve health outcomes, and serve their community mission. Many community sports programs have limited access to sports medicine care, including access to athletic trainers. Hypothesis/Purpose: The primary purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of a clinically integrated Certified Athletic Trainer (ATC) Community Sports Outreach Program, by evaluating the outreach into the community, sports clubs, schools, covered events. Methods: The ATC Community Outreach Program monitored key metrics over a 3 and 1/2-year period. Metrics included the partnerships developed with local clubs and schools, number of athletes covered in each organization, games covered and hours spent supporting organizations. Categories were divided into fiscal years (FY) running from September to August. Fiscal Year 2016 was calculated from January – August, as it was the first year of the program. The percentage of growth of the amount of games covered was calculated from the adjacent FY. Results: Over the first 3 and 1/2 years (FY2016-FY2019), the number clubs, schools, programs covered grew from 10, 19, 25, to 31 from FY2016 - FY2019. Number of athletes from 7,363, 12,552, 15,104, to 19,794 from FY2016 - FY2019. The number of community outreach events grew from 6, 11, 57, to 190 from FY2016 - FY2019 (Table/Figure 1.1). The percentage of growth of games covered grew from 183%, 518% to 333% between FY2016 and FY2019. Discussion/Conclusion: Building, maintaining a sports medicine practice is a complex undertaking, and represents a significant investment for the health system and community. In many communities, access to sports medicine care for athletes is very limited. A clinically integrated ATC program can generate a significant impact on the community by building relationships with local sports clubs/schools and improving sports medicine care access to young athletes. Tables/Figures: [Table: see text][Figure: see text]

scholarly journals Religion: Interrelationships and Opinions in Children and Adolescents. Interaction between Age and Beliefs

Religions ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 357
Author(s):  
Rafael López Cordero ◽  
Francisca Ruiz Garzón ◽  
Lourdes Medina Martínez ◽  
María del Carmen Olmos-Gómez
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Current Trend ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Experimental Methodology ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Religious Issue ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive

The current trend of secularization seems to be leading to a gradual withdrawal of religion from public spaces. However, in an increasingly internationalized world, it is becoming more and more important to study the roles of religion and religiosity and their potential in relation to dialogue and social conflicts and tensions. Education is a vital field within which to address this religious issue and create an educational dialogue in order to promote coexistence. By following a quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional study, based on a quasi-experimental methodology with a social–analytical character, our aim is to assess the existing connections between religion, interrelation and opinion in Spanish children and adolescents. Special attention is paid to the interaction between age and beliefs. We carried out our study with the use of a questionnaire distributed to eleven secondary schools, with students aged between 11 and 16 years old, in three regions of southern Spain (Andalusia, Ceuta, and Melilla) characterized by high religious diversity and multiculturalism. The multivariate analysis carried out in this study identifies the effects of variance on the influence of age and religion, highlighting the interaction between the two. It is observed that the youngest students are those who express their opinions about religion the least, while those belonging to younger age groups and majority religions are those who express a greater religious coexistence, with Muslims externalizing their religious condition the most.

scholarly journals Evolution of the prevalence of obesity in the adult population in France, 2013–2016: the Constances study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sébastien Czernichow ◽  
Adeline Renuy ◽  
Claire Rives-Lange ◽  
Claire Carette ◽  
Guillaume Airagnes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linear Trend ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
French Population ◽  
Obesity Prevalence ◽  
Point Change ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
Age And Sex

AbstractThis study provides trends in obesity prevalence in adults from 2013 to 2016 in France. 63,582 men and women from independent samples upon inclusion from the Constances cohort were included. Anthropometrics were measured at Health Screening Centers and obesity defined as a Body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30 kg/m2; obesity classes according to BMI are as follows: class 1 [30–34.9]; class 2 [35–39.9]; class 3 [≥ 40 kg/m2]. Linear trends across obesity classes by sex and age groups were examined in regression models and percentage point change from 2013 to 2016 for each age category calculated. All analyses accounted for sample weights for non-response, age and sex-calibrated to the French population. Prevalence of obesity ranged from 14.2 to 15.2% and from 14 to 15.3% in women and men respectively from 2013 to 2016. Class 1 obesity category prevalence was the only one to increase significantly across survey years in both men and women (p for linear trend = 0.04 and 0.01 in women and men respectively). The only significant increase for obesity was observed in the age group 18–29 y in both women and men (+ 2.71% and + 3.26% point increase respectively, equivalent to an approximate rise of 50% in women and 93% in men, p = 0.03 and 0.02 respectively). After adjustment for survey non-response and for age and sex distribution, the results show that class 1 obesity prevalence has significantly increased in both women and men from 2013 to 2016, and only in young adults in a representative sample of the French population aged 18–69 years old.

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