Importance of team height to winning games in the National Basketball Association

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 559-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masaru Teramoto ◽  
Chad L Cross
Keyword(s):  
Team Performance ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Estimating Equation ◽  
Effective Field ◽  
National Basketball Association ◽  
Average Height ◽  
Performance Variables ◽  
Free Throw ◽  
Playing Time ◽  
Positive Correlations

A recent trend in the National Basketball Association, so-called “small-ball,” questions the importance of height in basketball. The present study examined the association of team height, defined as an average height of players weighted by playing time, to team performance in the 2006–2007 through 2015–2016 National Basketball Association seasons. Relationships of team height to winning games, to offensive and defensive ratings, and to four factors were assessed using Pearson’s correlation coefficients. A generalized estimating equation was used to examine the association of team height to winning games, separately for the Eastern and Western Conferences, while using performance variables above as covariates. Team height had significant positive correlations with offensive and defensive rebounds, and had a significant inverse relationship with the opponent’s turnovers ( p < 0.05). After adjusting for the team performance variables, team height was found to be an insignificant predictor of winning games in the regular seasons ( p > 0.05). In the playoffs, the interaction between team height and offensive rating was significant ( p < 0.05). A follow-up analysis revealed that teams in the Eastern Conference had higher winning percentages with smaller lineups, whereas those in the Western Conference performed better with bigger lineups. A significant interaction was also found between team height and effective field goal percentage or free throw rate in the Eastern Conference playoffs ( p < 0.05). Specifically, bigger lineups were associated with higher winning percentages for teams with lower effective field goal percentages and higher free throw rates. These results may suggest that team height is important in winning games in the playoffs.

Missed Shots at the Free-Throw Line

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 539-559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mattie Toma
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
National Collegiate Athletic Association ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
National Basketball Association ◽  
Choking Under Pressure ◽  
Professional Basketball ◽  
Free Throw ◽  
Percentage Points ◽  
Male College ◽  
The Impact

Choking under pressure represents a phenomenon in which individuals faced with a high-pressure situation do not perform as well as would be expected were they performing under normal conditions. In this article, I identify determinants that predict a basketball player’s susceptibility to choking under pressure. Identification of these determinants adds to our understanding of players’ psychology at pivotal points in the game. My analysis draws on play-by-play data from ESPN.com that feature over 2 million free-throw attempts in women’s and men’s college and professional basketball games from the 2002-2013 seasons. Using regression analysis, I explore the impact of both gender and level of professionalism on performance in high-pressure situations. I find that in the final 30 seconds of a tight game, Women’s National Basketball Association and National Basketball Association players are 5.81 and 3.11 percentage points, respectively, less likely to make a free throw, while female and male college players are 2.25 and 2.09 percentage points, respectively, less likely to make a free throw, though statistical significance cannot be established among National Collegiate Athletic Association women. The discrepancy in choking between college and professional players is pronounced when comparing male college players who do and do not make it to the professional level; the free-throw performance of those destined to go pro falls 6 percentage points more in high-pressure situations. Finally, I find that women and men do not differ significantly in their propensity to choke.

scholarly journals Organizational Factors as Predictors of Knowledge Management Practices in Federal University Libraries in Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 48-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cyprian Ifeanyi Ugwu
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Organizational Factors ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Management Support ◽  
University Libraries ◽  
Internal Reliability ◽  
Knowledge Management Practices ◽  
Positive Correlations

Abstract Objective – University libraries in Nigeria are facing challenges arising from poor funding, increasing user demands, and a competitive information environment. Knowledge management has been accepted by information professionals as a viable management tool, but issues surrounding its application require empirical investigation. The aim of this study is to determine the organizational factors that are correlates and predictors of knowledge management practices in federal university libraries in Nigeria. Methods – The study was based on a correlational research design. Twenty heads of university libraries in Nigeria responded to a structured questionnaire developed by the researcher. The questionnaire was validated by experts and its internal reliability was 0.78 obtained through Cronbach’s alpha procedures. The data collected were analyzed using Mean, Standard Deviation, One-Way ANOVA, Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation Coefficient, and regression analysis. Results – The study found that management support and collaboration were the most significant predictors of knowledge management practices in federal university libraries in Nigeria.  Even though human resources policy and rewards systems had positive correlations with knowledge management practices, their correlation coefficients were not significant. Conclusion – The success of knowledge management in university libraries in Nigeria depends on some contextual factors such as the support given by the management staff and the extent of collaboration among staff.

scholarly journals Relationship Between Carcass Weight, Muscle, Fat, and Predicted Lean Yield for Commercial Pigs in Ontario

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. S. Barducci ◽  
Z. Zhou ◽  
D. Tulpan ◽  
B. M. Bohrer
Keyword(s):  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Strong Negative Correlation ◽  
Statistical Software ◽  
Carcass Parameters ◽  
Scatter Plots ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Meaningful Relationships

ObjectivesGreater knowledge of variance and relationships of pork carcass parameters could be used to improve performance, efficiency, and profitability of the pork industry. Previous research has investigated the correlation between pork carcass parameters; however, there are still many misunderstandings, particularly in commercially representative pigs. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine the correlation and variance of carcass weight, fat depth, muscle depth, and predicted lean yield in commercial pigs.Materials and MethodsThe second largest commercial pig slaughter facility in Ontario slaughtered approximately 1.5 million pigs in 2018. Carcass data (hot carcass weight, fat depth, muscle depth, and predicted lean yield) from 1025,572 pigs was used for this study with pigs slaughtered on each production day of 2018 (between January 2, 2018 and December 31, 2018). Hot carcass weight was reported immediately following slaughter as a head-on weight, and fat depth and muscle depth were measured with a Destron PG-100 probe (International Destron Technologies, Markham, Ontario). The equation used for predicted lean yield was the Canadian Lean Yield equation (CLY (%) = 68.1863– (0.7833 × fat depth) + (0.0689 × muscle depth) + (0.0080 × fat depth2) – (0.0002 × muscle depth2) + (0.0006 × fat depth × muscle depth). Pearson product moment correlation coefficients were calculated among all parameters using RStudio version 1.1.456 and R version 3.5.1 statistical software. Correlation coefficients were considered significantly different from 0 at P < 0.05. Correlations were considered weak (in absolute value) for r < 0.35, moderate for 0.36 ≤ r ≤ 0.67, and strong for r ≥ 0.68. Linear regression models were created between parameters that had meaningful relationships using the RStudio statistical software. Gnuplot version 5.2 was used to create scatter plots to allow for better visualization of the correlation between meaningful parameters.ResultsThe mean ± standard deviation for fat depth, muscle depth, hot carcass weight, and predicted lean yield were 18.27 ± 4.12 mm, 65.69 ± 9.06 mm, 105.93 ± 8.39 kg, and 61.03 ± 1.91%, respectively. We observed weak positive correlations between fat depth and hot carcass weight (r = 0.27; P < 0.0001), and between muscle depth and hot carcass weight (r = 0.17; P < 0.0001). We obtained a weak negative correlation between predicted lean yield and hot carcass weight (r = –0.21; P < 0.0001). The predicted lean yield equation used for this set of pigs included measurements for fat depth and muscle depth, so strong correlation between these parameters was expected. We obtained a moderate positive correlation between muscle depth and predicted lean yield (r = 0.39; P < 0.0001) and a strong negative correlation between fat depth and predicted lean yield (r = –0.96; P < 0.0001).ConclusionResults from this dataset revealed that hot carcass weight was generally not correlated with fat depth, muscle depth, or predicted lean yield. The conclusion of this study based on the current dataset is that pigs do not reach a weight threshold where they consistently become fatter or heavier muscled.

scholarly journals Variance components and correlations of agronomic traits among cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata L.) maturity groups

Genetika ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janko Cervenski ◽  
Jelica Gvozdanovic-Varga ◽  
Svetlana Glogovac
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Plant Weight ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Head Weight ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Head Height ◽  
Maturity Groups

In this paper we studied the variability and correlation of cabbage traits in different maturity groups. The study included early spring cabbages (planted in early spring, harvested in early summer) and autumn cabbages (planted in mid-summer, harvested in late autumn). Using coefficients of variation and correlation coefficients, we analyzed 17 cabbage traits in 35 commercially grown cultivars, F1 hybrids, and experimental F1 hybrids. The traits were analyzed separately for each maturity group. In the early cabbages, the coefficients of variation ranged from 4.8 to 44.2%. The calculated correlation coefficients differed between the two maturity groups. The early cabbages had 26 significant positive correlations. The positive correlations calculated among different traits of early cabbages defined this group fully and made it distinct from the late-maturing genotypes. Plant height and rosette diameter in the early genotypes were highly positively correlated with rosette weight, whole plant weight, head weight, usable portion of head, head height, and head diameter. Plant height and rosette diameter participate in the formation of active photosynthetic area in early cabbages. Rosette width in these genotypes provides a greater influx of light and heat, which results in greater head weight. Also, in early cabbages that have greater plant height, the leaf rosette will not lie on the cold surface of the ground in the spring. The activity of the cabbage plant is thus more focused towards the formation of larger head weight. Head volume in the late genotypes was highly positively correlated with rosette diameter, whole plant weight, head weight, usable portion of head, inner stem length, and head height. In late cabbages plant activity is directed towards the formation of head volume due to the longer duration of the growth period, larger leaves, and differences in climatic conditions.

scholarly journals Liegt die Zukunft der Teamforschung in ihrer Vergangenheit? Auf dem Weg zu einem ganzheitlich-dynamischen Teamverständnis

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 301-321
Author(s):  
Michael W. Busch
Keyword(s):  
Team Performance ◽  
International Research ◽  
Team Size ◽  
Input Process ◽  
Causal Explanations ◽  
Performance Variables ◽  
Team Research ◽  
Holistic Understanding ◽  
Emergent States ◽  
Process Output

Abstract The international research on teams, which is inspired by the input-process-output model, is mostly empirical. Researchers in this field look for causal explanations between independent (e.g., team size and team composition) and dependent (e.g., team performance) variables. Recently, some critics have pointed to the deficits in this model. Especially, the temporal, contextual, and dynamic aspects of teams need to be investigated further (multilevel approach). Emergent states, such as team cognitions, team emotions, and team hierarchies, comprise a promising field of study that leads to a more comprehensive and holistic understanding of teams. These emergent states offer an opportunity to reconcile former concepts (Lewin’s gestalt, Koestler’s holarchy, and Cattell’s syntality) with topical team research. Therefore, the future of research on teams may partly lie in its past.

scholarly journals An Investigation on Serum Mineral Levels of Healthy Norduz and Hair Goats Raised in Semi-Intensive Conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 1795-1802
Author(s):  
Ayşe Özge Demir ◽  
Ferda Karakuş ◽  
Suna Akkol
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Absorption Spectroscopy ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Serum Minerals ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Mineral Levels ◽  
Ppm Level

The aim of this study was to determine the some serum minerals and their interactions between in 2, 3 and 4 years-old healthy Norduz (n=45) and Hair (n=31) goats raised in semi-intensive conditions. Mineral levels were determined with Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) in ppm level. Results were calculated as Fe 1.578±0.088 and 1.379±0.095 mmol/L, Cu 1.300±0.067 and 1.303±0.080 mg/L, Zn 0.972±0.029 and 0.937±0.029 mg/L, K 4.574±0.091 and 2.102±0.074 mmol/L, Mg 2.089±0.057 and 4.670±0.098 mmol/L, Mn 2.163±0.152 and 2.215±0.198 mg/L, Pb 0.078±0.005 and 0.087±0.006 mg/L for Norduz and Hair goats, respectively. While the differences in the mineral levels of hair goats were not significant, significant differences has been found between the age groups in terms of K, F and Pb in Norduz goats. In addition, while there was no statistically significant difference between 3-year-old goats, statistically significant differences hs been found for Fe and 2-year-old goats K and Mg in 4-year-old goats. Moreover, with respect to correlation coefficients, positive correlations were obtained both between K-Mg at Norduz goats and between Fe-Cu, Fe-K, Fe-Mg, K-Mg at Hair goats in all years-old groups.

Analysis of the infectious morbidity of humans, domestic animals and poultry in Russia for 2016-2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 346-356
Author(s):  
Lyudmila P. Bessonova
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Federal State ◽  
State University ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Further Development

Relevance . The article provides an analysis of the infectious mor-bidity in the Russian Federation of humans, domestic animals and birds for 2016-2019. The aim of the study is to compare the epizootological and epidemiological situation and to establish a correlation between individual types of zoonoses, anthro-ponoses and zoonoses with anthroponoses. Materials and Methods . The study was carried out by processing statistical data obtained from open sources of Rosstat and the Federal State University of the Russian Academy of Sciences of the IAC of the Department of Veterinary Supervision of Vladimir. Collected data were processed using Excel and STATISTICA-10 programs. Results and Discussion . A sample of infectious diseases (IB) was formed, which, during the specified period, infected peo-ple, pets, incl. cattle and small ruminants, pigs, horses and poultry. The average per-centage of patients with a specific type of infectious diseases was calculated, taking into account the differentiation by zoonoses, anthroponoses and the average percent-age of sick animals for all identified types of IB, which made it possible to establish IB, which are most common in each of the groups, and in general in all animals and birds. The assessment of the distribution of information security in differentiated groups has been carried out, distribution graphs have been constructed and formulas have been established by which it is possible to predict the dynamics of their further development. The STATISTICA-10 software was used to calculate the correlation coefficients ( r ) between zoonoses (XX), anthroponoses (YY), as well as zoonoses and anthroponoses (XY). Conclusion . Stably significant positive correlations were determined for zoonoses and anthroponoses. The data obtained prove the existence of a close connection of a person with the environment and his responsibility for the health of animals and birds, in order to prevent the risk of infectious diseases.

scholarly journals Network structure of UEFA Champions League teams: association with classical notational variables and variance between different levels of success

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. M. Clemente ◽  
F. M. L. Martins
Keyword(s):  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Network Structure ◽  
Clustering Coefficient ◽  
Network Density ◽  
Performance Variables ◽  
Network Measures ◽  
Network Process ◽  
General Network ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Different Levels

AbstractThe aim of this study was to analyse the general properties of the network of elite football teams that participated in UEFA Champions League 2015–2016. Analysis of variance of the general network measures between performances in competition was made. Moreover, the association between performance variables (goals, shots, and percentage of ball possession) and general network measures also was tested. The best sixteen teams that participated in UEFA Champions League 2015–2016 were analysed in a total of 109 official matches. Statistically significant differences between maximum stages in competition were found in total links (p = 0.003; ES = 0.087), network density (p = 0.003; ES = 0.088), and clustering coefficient (p = 0.007; ES = 0.078). Total links (r = 0.439; p = 0.001), network density (r = 0.433; p = 0.001) and clustering coefficient (r = 0.367; p = 0.001) had a moderate positive correlations with percentage of ball possession. This study revealed that teams that achieved the quarterfinals and finals had greater values of general network measures than the remaining teams, thus suggesting that higher values of homogeneity in network process may improve the success of the teams. Moderate correlations were found between ball possession and the general network measures suggesting that teams with more capacity to perform longer passing sequences may involve more players in a more homogeneity manner.

CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF VARIOUS COMMERCIAL GRADES OF CANADIAN FLUE-CURED TOBACCO

1958 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Elliot ◽  
E. C. Birch
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Petroleum Ether Extract ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Protein Nitrogen ◽  
Laboratory Methods ◽  
Total Sugars ◽  
Total Alkaloids ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

A study was made of the chemical composition of 21 commercial grades of Canadian flue-cured tobacco, selected from a 50-acre crop of Hicks variety in 1955. Arbitrary prices were assigned to the various grades of tobacco. Correlation coefficients between the chemical values and the assigned grade prices were calculated. Ethanol extracts, total sugars, reducing sugars, and hygroscopicity gave significant positive correlations; total nitrogen, protein nitrogen, total alkaloids, nicotine, calcium, and magnesium gave negative correlations. These coefficients indicated that quality measured by these laboratory methods conformed with leaf-graded quality. Correlation coefficients were not significant between grade quality and petroleum ether extract, sucrose, starch, ash, silica, potassium, phosphorus, chlorine, sulphur, burn, or pH.

scholarly journals Preliminary stages of a cross-cultural Brazilian Portuguese adaptation of a measurement tool for assessing public understanding of human papillomavirus

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
André Luciano Manoel ◽  
Jefferson Traebert ◽  
Luísa Correa Rebello ◽  
Clávison Martinelli Zapelini ◽  
Daisson José Trevisol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Brazilian Portuguese ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Public Understanding ◽  
Measurement Tool ◽  
Expert Committee ◽  
Brazilian Version ◽  
Back Translation ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
The Individual

Abstract: The objective of this study was to conduct the initial stages of the cross-cultural adaptation to Brazilian Portuguese of a scale to measure the level of knowledge about HPV. The stages included: translation from English into the Portuguese spoken in Brazil; synthesis of the translated version; back-translation; analysis by an expert committee; and reliability analysis based on internal consistency and reproducibility. Cronbach's α coefficient for the instrument was 0.985. Subset analysis produced only minor variations. The correlation coefficients between the individual items and the overall result showed strong positive correlations, except for three items. Reproducibility analysis showed kappa values with substantial or moderate agreement for the majority of the items. A preliminary Brazilian version was obtained with satisfactory results, but other stages are necessary in the process of validation of the Brazilian version.

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