Nutritional State of Elderly Women on Admission to Mental Hospital

1985 ◽  
Vol 147 (4) ◽  
pp. 404-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. Hancock ◽  
R. P. Hullin ◽  
P. R. Aylard ◽  
J. R. King ◽  
D. B. Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Length Of Stay ◽  
Mental Hospital ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
Senile Dementia ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Nutritional Deficiencies ◽  
Healthy Elderly ◽  
Low Levels

Since nutritional deficiencies might worsen the severity of symptoms and prolong the length of illness in non-nutritional disorders, particularly in the elderly, we examined the nutritional status of 216 elderly women newly admitted to a mental hospital. Compared to healthy elderly women, they had lower values for plasma prealbumin, vitamin C, and B vitamins. This was particularly common in senile dementia, and appeared to be the result of inadequate intake of protein or vitamins. Regular hospital diet for one month corrected the very low levels of prealbumin, but supplements were essential to remove deficiency of the water-soluble vitamins. Although vitamin supplements did not influence the length of stay in hospital, we did not exclude the possibility that nutritional deficiencies have a significant effect on the severity of mental illness.

Social support, dementia and depression among the elderly living in the Hobart community

1986 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 379-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. S. Henderson ◽  
D. A. Grayson ◽  
R. Scott ◽  
J. Wilson ◽  
D. Rickwood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Mental State ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Younger Adults ◽  
Healthy Elderly ◽  
The Social ◽  
State Examination

SynopsisIn a community sample of the elderly (N = 274) in Hobart, Tasmania, cases of dementia and depression were ascertained by the Canberra Geriatric Mental State and the Mini Mental State Examination. Social relationships and support were examined by means of the Interview Schedule for Social Interaction. The elderly had fewer social relationships than younger adults, but were more content with what they did have. Elderly women had more affectional ties than elderly men. The presence of offspring in the same town increased the number of close ties and of social relationships, but was more important for men than for women. Persons with cognitive impairment or an established dementia reported that they had less social interaction than they would like. Depressed subjects reported having markedly less social interaction than the mentally healthy elderly, but did not complain that it was too little. This study provides a systematic description of the social environment of the elderly, both in mental health and in states of depression or impaired cognition.

Nutritional supplements in the Ambulatory Elderly Population: Patterns of Use and Requirements

DICP ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 490-495 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
National Research Council ◽  
Nutritional Supplements ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
World Health ◽  
Nutritional Deficiencies ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
National Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Supplement Use ◽  
Healthy Elderly

Older persons are thought to be the most frequent consumers of vitamin and mineral supplements. In this review, the use of nutritional supplements by the elderly was found to be common but was not greatly different from other age groups. Elderly persons living in Dunedin, Florida, reported nutritional supplement use less frequently than a random sample of registered nurses. Neither the Food and Nutrition Board of the National Academy of Sciences/National Research Council nor the World Health Organization has recognized the need for increasing the vitamin and mineral allowances for healthy elderly adults above those recommended for healthy young adults. It is important to recognize, however, that the elderly are at greater risk of developing nutritional deficiencies as a result of acute and chronic diseases, drug use, and social isolation, and they require careful monitoring.

scholarly journals Abnormal phenotypic distribution of regulatory and effector T cells in octogenarian and nonagenarian women

2015 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 329-335
Author(s):  
Wilson de Melo Cruvinel ◽  
Danilo Mesquita Júnior ◽  
Júlio Antônio Pereira Araújo ◽  
Karina Carvalho Samazi ◽  
Esper Georges Kállas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Effector T Cells ◽  
T Cell Subsets ◽  
Healthy Elderly ◽  
T Cell Phenotypes ◽  
Effects Of Aging

SummaryIntroduction:aging is associated with several immunologic changes. Regulatory (Treg) and effector T cells are involved in the pathogenesis of infectious, neoplastic, and autoimmune diseases. Little is known about the effects of aging on the frequency and function of these T cell subpopulations.Methods:peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were obtained from 26 young (under 44 years old) and 18 elderly (above 80 years old) healthy women. T cell subpopulations were analyzed by flow cytometry.Results:elderly individuals had lower frequency of several activated effector T cell phenotypes as compared with young individuals: CD3+CD4+CD25+ (3.82±1.93 versus 9.53±4.49; p<0.0001); CD3+CD4+CD25+CD127+(2.39±1.19 versus 7.26±3.84; p<0.0001); CD3+CD4+CD25+ (0.41±0.22 versus 1.86±0.85, p<0.0001); and CD3+CD4+CD25highCD127+(0.06±0.038 versus 0.94±0.64, p<0.0001). Treg (CD3+CD4+CD25+CD127øFoxp3+) presented lower frequency in elderly individuals as compared to young adults (0.34±0.18 versus 0.76±0.48; p=0.0004) and its frequency was inversely correlated with age in the whole group (r=-0.439; p=0.013). The elderly group showed higher frequency of two undefined CD25øFoxp3+ phenotypes: CD3+CD4+CD25øFoxp3+(15.05±7.34 versus 1.65±1.71; p<0.0001) and CD3+CD4+CD25øCD127øFoxp3+(13.0±5.52 versus 3.51±2.87; p<0.0001).Conclusions:the altered proportion of different T cell subsets herein documented in healthy elderly women may be relevant to the understanding of the immunologic behavior and disease susceptibility patterns observed in geriatric patients.

scholarly journals Energy balance in healthy elderly women

1993 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. Reilly ◽  
A. Lord ◽  
V. W. Bunker ◽  
A. M. Prentice ◽  
W. A. Coward ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
Energy Requirement ◽  
Average Energy ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Energy Requirements ◽  
Healthy Elderly ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The Uk

There is a paucity of data on which to base estimates of the energy requirements of the elderly. In general, ageing appears to be associated with a reduction in energy requirement arising from a reduction in physical activity and loss of fat-free mass. The aim of the present study was to measure the total energy expenditure (TEE), basal metabolic rate (BMR), and energy expended on physical activity (calculated as TEE–BMR) in a group of healthy elderly women living in the community in Southampton. Mean rates of TEE (9.21 (SD 1.48) MJd) and energy expended on physical activity (4.12 (SD 1.19) MJ/d) were higher than those observed in some studies of younger adults in the UK, and higher than the factors used to estimate the average energy requirement for the elderly. The results suggest that an age-related reduction in energy requirement is not inevitable and support the hypothesis that the effects of ageing on physical activity, body composition, and hence energy requirements, are variable.

scholarly journals Comparative Bioavailability of Different Coenzyme Q10 Formulations in Healthy Elderly Individuals

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 784
Author(s):  
Igor Pravst ◽  
Juan Carlos Rodríguez Aguilera ◽  
Ana Belen Cortes Rodriguez ◽  
Janja Jazbar ◽  
Igor Locatelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Coenzyme Q10 ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Redox Status ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Studies ◽  
Geriatric Population ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Healthy Elderly

Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) plays a central role in mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. Several studies have shown the beneficial effects of dietary CoQ10 supplementation, particularly in relation to cardiovascular health. CoQ10 biosynthesis decreases in the elderly, and consequently, the beneficial effects of dietary supplementation in this population are of greater significance. However, most pharmacokinetic studies have been conducted on younger populations. The aim of this study was to investigate the single-dose bioavailability of different formulations of CoQ10 in a healthy geriatric population. A randomized, three-period, crossover bioavailability study was conducted on 21 healthy older adults (aged 65–74). The treatment was a single dose with a one-week washout period. Three different formulations containing the equivalent of 100 mg of CoQ10 were used: Q10Vital® water-soluble CoQ10 syrup (the investigational product—IP); ubiquinol capsules (the comparative product—CP); and ubiquinone capsules (the standard product—SP). Ubiquinone/ubiquinol was followed in the plasma for 48 h. An analysis of the ratio of the area under the baseline-corrected concentration curve (ΔAUC48) for total CoQ10 and a comparison to SP yielded the following: The bioavailability of CoQ10 in the IP was 2.4-fold higher (95% CI: 1.3–4.5; p = 0.002), while the bioavailability of ubiquinol (CP) was not significantly increased (1.7-fold; 95% CI: 0.9–3.1, p = 0.129). No differences in the redox status of the absorbed coenzyme Q10 were observed between formulations, showing that CoQ10 appeared in the blood mostly as ubiquinol, even if consumed as ubiquinone.

scholarly journals Sensitivity and specificity of the body mass index for the diagnosis of overweight/obesity in elderly

2010 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 1519-1527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco de Assis Guedes de Vasconcelos ◽  
Braian Alves Cordeiro ◽  
Cassiano Ricardo Rech ◽  
Edio Luiz Petroski
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The Body ◽  
World Health ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Healthy Elderly ◽  
Low Sensitivity

The aim of this article was to verify the sensitivity and specificity of the body mass index (BMI) cut-off points proposed by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Nutrition Screening Initiative (NSI) for the diagnosis of obesity in the elderly. A cross-sectional study was made with 180 healthy elderly subjects from Florianópolis, Santa Catarina State, Brazil. Body fat percentage (%BF) was determined using DEXA (dual energy X-ray absorptiometry). The BMI cut-off point of the NSI offers better sensitivity and specificity for men (73.7% and 72.5% respectively). For women, the lower the cut-off point the better the sensitivity, with a BMI of 25kg/m² (sensitivity of 76.3% and specificity of 100%) being the most accurate for diagnosing obesity in elderly women. The WHO cut-off point offered very low sensitivity (28.9%). The results of this investigation lead to the conclusion that the cut-off points proposed by the WHO and the ones adopted by the NSI and by Lipschitz are not good indicators of obesity for the elderly of either sex, since they offer low sensitivity.

Patterns of plasma melatonin with ageing and mental condition: stability of nyctohemeral rhythms and differences in seasonal variations

1984 ◽  
Vol 106 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yvan Touitou ◽  
Michèle Fèvre ◽  
Andrè Bogdan ◽  
Alain Reinberg ◽  
Jean De Prins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Women ◽  
Senile Dementia ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Mental Condition ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Peak Time ◽  
Seasonal Rhythms ◽  
Plasma Melatonin ◽  
Healthy Elderly ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract. Effects of ageing and mental condition on the nyctohemeral and seasonal rhythms of plasma melatonin in human subjects were investigated. Four groups of subjects were formed for a transverse study: 7 healthy young men (24 years), 6 elderly women, 6 elderly men and 6 elderly patients (2 men and 4 women) suffering from senile dementia (70–80 years). The subjects were synchronized. Blood samples were taken every 4 h during 24 h in January, March, June and October. In comparison to young men, the plasma levels of melatonin were markedly decreased (by about one half) in elderly subjects without any difference according to sex or mental condition. Nyctohemeral rhythms of the hormone were validated in all groups and at all sampling sessions. The nyctohemeral acrophases were remarkably stable (around 03.00 h) whatever the season, age or sex. A seasonal variation was found in all groups (except elderly women) with differences between young and elderly subjects: plasma melatonin levels were significantly lower in January than in June in young men, whereas in elderly subjects they were significantly lower in October than in January/March. No significant difference was observed in mesor, amplitude or acrophase of nyctohemeral and seasonal rhythms of plasma melatonin in patients with senile dementia when compared with healthy elderly subjects. The stability of the nyctohemeral peak time whatever the age group or season as opposed to the differences in the seasonal pattern of plasma melatonin according to the age groups raises the problems of both outdoor photoperiod and ageing in ruling the secretion of melatonin in man.

scholarly journals Effects of Supplementation of Vitamin A on some Aspects of Lung Fuctions in Elderly Women of a Rural Area of Bangladesh

1970 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 68-72
Author(s):  
Md Abdul Wakil ◽  
Noorjahan Begum ◽  
Nasima Akhtar ◽  
Chowdhury GM Mostafa
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Pulmonary Functions ◽  
Healthy Elderly ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Predicted Values ◽  
And Control

The study was carried out to observe the changes in lung functions in the elderly women bothbefore and two months after supplementation of vitamin A. For this purpose, a total number of30 apparently healthy elderly female subjects with age ranging from 40-60 years were selectedfrom a rural area of Bangladesh. They were studied both before and two months aftersupplementation of vitamin A at a dose of 10,000 IU daily. Sex matched 30 apparently healthyadult subjects with age ranging from 25-40 years were taken as control. Pulmonary functionswere assessed by measuring FVC, FEVi, FEVi/FVC% and PEFR by VM1 ventilometer onstanding position.The mean measured pulmonary variables such as FVC, FEVi, FEV,/FVC% and PEFR were lowerthan those of their predicted values both in the experimental and control groups. The meanmeasured values of all the pulmonary variables were significantly lower in the elderly subjectscompared with those of the younger age group. Again, the FVC, FEVi, FEVi/FVC% and PEFRwere significantly increased in the same group of subjects after supplementation of vitamin A.But not up to the level of those of younger subjects.The result of the study reveals that pulmonary functions become lower in the elderly subject'simprovement of which occurs after supplementation of vitamin A. These lower pulmonaryfunctions in the elderly subjects of the present study group is likely to be due to low dietaryintake of vitamin A as pulmonary functions were improved after supplementation of vitamin A.doi: 10.3329/taj.v16i2.3886TAJ December 2003; Vol.16(2): 68-72

Adrenal circadian system in young and elderly human subjects: a comparative study

1982 ◽  
Vol 93 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yvan Touitou ◽  
José Sulon ◽  
André Bogdan ◽  
Catherine Touitou ◽  
Alain Reinberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
Senile Dementia ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Temporal Organization ◽  
Adrenocortical Function ◽  
Total Cortisol ◽  
Healthy Elderly

Circadian changes in plasma 18-hydroxy-11-deoxycorticosterone (18-OH-DOC), total and unbound cortisol were studied in four groups: seven healthy young men, six elderly men, six elderly women and six elderly demented patients of both sexes. The daily activities of the subjects were synchronous; blood samples were taken every 4 h and 4 hourly urine samples were collected only from the young men. A circadian rhythm was defined for plasma 18-OH-DOC, total and unbound cortisol in all groups; the secretory patterns of these steroids were parallel, as were the profiles of urinary 18-OH-DOC and unconjugated cortisol. When compared with respect to sex, the 24-h mean level of total cortisol was higher in women; that of unbound cortisol was higher in the three groups of elderly patients than in the young men. No major changes in plasma steroids were observed between elderly demented patients (mainly women) and healthy elderly women. The phasing of total and unbound cortisol showed no major modifications with age, sex or senile dementia. Acrophases of 18-OH-DOC were earlier in elderly patients than in young men. Amplitudes were not modified with sex in elderly patients but were always lower in the demented patients. A circadian rhythm was defined for 18-OH-DOC, unconjugated cortisol, 17-hydroxycorticosteroids (17-OH-CS) and 17-ketosteroids in the urine of the young men. The acrophases of 18-OH-DOC and unbound cortisol were close, as were those of 17-OH-CS and 17-ketosteroids. The lag was short between the acrophases of 18-OH-DOC in plasma and urine and between those of plasma unbound cortisol and urinary unconjugated cortisol; it was much larger between the acrophases of plasma total cortisol and 17-OH-CS. Thus, the process of ageing, and the possible alterations in the central nervous system which are often seen in normal ageing, induced no major modifications in the temporal organization of adrenocortical function, even in subjects who were very advanced in age.

scholarly journals GAIT CHARACTERISTICS OF ELDERLY WOMEN IN OVERGROUND, ASCENT AND DESCENT WALKWAY CONDITIONS

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (09) ◽  
pp. 2040003
Author(s):  
MOON-SEOK KWON ◽  
YU-RI KWON ◽  
YOON-HYEOK CHOI ◽  
GWANG-MOON EOM ◽  
JUNGHYUK KO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Stance Phase ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
Reaction Force ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Fall Risk Factor ◽  
Healthy Elderly ◽  
Gait Characteristics ◽  
Repeated Measures Analysis ◽  
Mean Differences

Gait assessment is important for identification of potential faller among the elderly populations. Slope walking is associated with fall risk factor and elderly women have higher fall rate compared with elderly men. Therefore, this study investigated gait characteristics of elderly women in overground and slope walkway conditions. Thirty healthy elderly women (15 younger-elderly women and 15 older-elderly women) walked along the linear walkway including three walking conditions (overground, ascent and descent conditions). Temporal gait variables and normalized peak vertical GRF (ground reaction force) variables were derived from commercial motion analysis software. Repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was evaluated to compare mean differences of the three conditions and mean difference between younger and older elderly women. All gait characteristics were significantly different from the slope walking conditions ([Formula: see text]). Elderly women walked with longer loading response and mid stance phase during descent walking. Also, ascent walking induced a longer terminal stance phase. Interactions of age and walkway conditions were also significant in vertical GRF, where older-elderly women were greater than younger-elderly women in ascent walkway condition ([Formula: see text]) and in descent walkway condition ([Formula: see text]). These findings suggest that specific-walkway condition should be considered for fall prevention and clinical interventions in elderly women.

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