scholarly journals The Correlation between Enjoying Fictional Narratives and Empathy in Japanese Hikikomori

F1000Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 776
Author(s):  
Francesco Panto ◽  
Tamaki Saito ◽  
Nobuaki Morita ◽  
Yasukazu Ogai
Keyword(s):  
Protective Factor ◽  
Social Withdrawal ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Psychiatric Clinic ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Fictional Narratives ◽  
Empathy Scale

Background: Hikikomori is a Japanese social withdrawal phenomenon which, in recent years, is spreading in western developed countries as well. Spending a lot of time secluded indoors, watching and playing with fictional narratives may be relatively common for Hikikomori people and may represent a protective factor for their psychological well-being.   Method: We evaluated the role of enjoying fictional narratives on empathy, relaxation, depression, and anxiety in people with Hikikomori experience, in relation to their daily consumption of fictional narratives and their emotional transportation toward fictional narratives. Hikikomori from one psychiatric clinic and three different support facilities were enrolled in this study. Multidimensional empathy scale, CES-D, STAI questionnaire, and relaxation inventory self-report scale were used as outcome measures.        Results: We found a significant correlation between empathy and emotional transportation toward fictional narratives and between relaxation during watching and reading fictional narratives and consumption frequency of fictional narratives.  We failed, however, to find any significant correlation with depression and anxiety.   Conclusions: These findings suggest a possible correlation between fiction and empathy/relaxation response; however, any causal relationship is not proven, consequently we deem that further investigations with a larger sample size are required for a better understanding.

Well-being and distress of patients with Parkinson's disease: a comparative investigation

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Vescovelli ◽  
Daniele Sarti ◽  
Chiara Ruini
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Comparative Investigation ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Psychological Resources ◽  
Functional Impairments ◽  
Cross Sectional

ABSTRACTBackground:Psychological resources, such as psychological well-being (PWB) and life satisfaction (LS) can aid individuals suffering from chronic illnesses to cope with their illness. The aim of this study was to investigate PWB, LS, quality of life (QoL), and distress in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and to compare them with healthy controls.Methods:One hundred and thirteen individuals were recruited. Fifty of the participants suffered from PD, while 53 individuals reported other non-neurological diseases. PD patients were assessed through medical routine examinations. All participants had to be devoid of severe cognitive impairment. They were administered self-report questionnaires to measure PWB, LS, QoL, and distress. A cross-sectional comparative design was applied.Results:PD patients reported higher general PWB than controls with the exception of the autonomy subscale where the PD patients scored lower. However, they also reported higher distress (anxiety, depression, somatic symptoms, and hostility-irritability), lower LS, and poorer QoL compared to controls. In regressive models, general PWB and LS were significantly correlated to the presence of PD, to its functional impairments, and not to other socio-demographic variables.Conclusions:Findings confirmed previous literature on other neurological conditions, showing that PD may be associated with greater psychological distress, lower levels of LS and QoL. At the same time, PD patients may preserve their PWB, which is a protective factor for mental and physical health. The presence of these psychological resources is inversely related to functional impairments. Future studies should better investigate the pattern of PWB in PD.

scholarly journals Resilience, mood, and mental health outcomes during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Bulgaria

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Psederska ◽  
Georgi Vasilev ◽  
Briana DeAngelis ◽  
Kiril Bozgunov ◽  
Dimitar Nedelchev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Negative Mood ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
The Face ◽  
Low Prevalence

Background: The fundamental challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic may have lasting negative effects on the quality of mental health worldwide. Resilience is considered an important protective factor in reducing the risk of psychopathology in the face of various adverse events, such as the ongoing health crisis. The aims of the current study were to: (1) evaluate the predictive utility of resilience in accounting for positive and negative moods, substance use, depression and anxiety; and (2) compare negative and positive moods experienced before the pandemic to emotions reported during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Bulgaria, when the country still had low prevalence of infections and fatalities. Methods: 179 Bulgarian participants completed the international online Minnesota Global Survey on Stress and Resilience in the Face of the Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19), which included measures of resilience, depression and anxiety, substance use, positive and negative moods experienced both before and during the COVID-19 outbreak. Results: Resilience predicted higher levels of positive affect and lower anxiety, depression, and negative mood during the first wave of the COVID-19 outbreak in Bulgaria. A significant increase was found in negative mood and a corresponding decrease in positive mood in the time since COVID-19 began spreading compared to before the pandemic.Conclusions: Results suggest that the initial wave of the COVID-19 crisis impacted individuals’ well-being, even in countries with relatively low prevalence of COVID-19 and associated fatalities. In this challenging global setting, resilience may serve as a buffer against negative emotional states and psychological distress.

Initial Development and Validation of the Youth Internalizing Problems Screener

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 366-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tyler L. Renshaw ◽  
Clayton R. Cook
Keyword(s):  
Internalizing Problems ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Latent Structure ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Internal Reliability ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Development And Validation

The present studies report on the initial development and validation of the Youth Internalizing Problems Screener (YIPS), which is a 10-item self-report rating scale for assessing general internalizing problems and identifying depression and anxiety caseness within the context of school mental health screening. Results from Study 1 ( N = 177) demonstrated that responses to the YIPS yielded a single-factor latent structure, that scores derived from the scale had concurrent validity with scores from measures of student subjective well-being and problem behavior, and showed that scores derived from the YIPS demonstrated incremental validity in comparison with scores from another common internalizing problems screener for predicting self-reports of broad student functioning. Findings from Study 2 ( N = 219) confirmed the latent structure and internal reliability of responses to the YIPS, demonstrated that scores derived from this scale had strong associations with scores from criterion measures of depression and anxiety, and showed that YIPS scores had good-to-excellent power for accurately discriminating between youth scoring at or above the clinical caseness thresholds on criterion measures of depression and anxiety. Taken together, results suggest the YIPS shows promise as a technically adequate instrument for measuring general internalizing problems and identifying depression and anxiety caseness among secondary students. Implications for future research and practice are discussed.

Maternal Distress and Infant Social Withdrawal (ADBB) Following Infant Cardiac Surgery for Congenital Heart Disease

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 624-637 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer M. Re ◽  
Suzanne Dean ◽  
Jimmy Mullaert ◽  
Antoine Guedeney ◽  
Samuel Menahem
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Parenting Stress ◽  
Social Withdrawal ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Maternal Distress ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Increased Risk

Background: Mothers and infants are exposed to multiple stresses when cardiac surgery is required for the infant. This study reviewed infant responsiveness using a standardized objective observational measure of social withdrawal and explored its association with measures of maternal distress. Methods: Mother–infant pairs involving infants surviving early cardiac surgery were assessed when the infant was aged two months. Infant social withdrawal was measured using the Alarm Distress Baby Scale. Maternal distress was assessed using self-report measures for maternal depression (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale), anxiety (Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Scale), and parenting stress (Parenting Stress Index–Short Form). Potential associations between infant social withdrawal and maternal distress were evaluated. Results: High levels of maternal distress and infant social withdrawal were identified relative to community norms with a positive association. Such an association was not found between infant social withdrawal and the cardiac abnormality and surgery performed. Conclusion: The vulnerability of infants requiring cardiac surgery may be better understood when factors beyond their medical condition are considered. The findings suggested an association between maternal distress and infant social withdrawal, which may be consistent with mothers’ distress placing infants subjected to cardiac surgery at substantially increased risk of social withdrawal. However, it is unclear to what extent infant withdrawal may trigger maternal distress and what the interactive effects are. Further research is warranted. Trialing a mother–infant support program may be helpful in alleviating distress and improving the well-being and outcomes for these families.

scholarly journals Self-Efficacy as an Agentic Protective Factor against Death Anxiety in PTSD and Psychiatric Co-Morbidity

2019 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-181
Author(s):  
Mark Hoelterhoff ◽  
Man Cheung Chung
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Death Anxiety ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Preliminary Finding ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Co Morbidity ◽  
Undergraduate University Students ◽  
Life Threatening

AbstractPTSD has profound personal, social and economic impact. Understanding factors that influence strong recovery is a priority for informing the use of limited treatment resources. This study follows up a preliminary finding from Hoelterhoff and Cheung Chung, Psychiatr Q, 88, 635-651, [30] which found that death anxiety is related to PTSD and suggested that self-efficacy may mediate this relationship. Specifically, this study examined self-efficacy as a protective factor in the context of people who have experienced a life-threatening event. 109 undergraduate university students completed self-report questionnaires on, self-efficacy, death anxiety, trauma and well-being as well as a number of demographic factors. Self-efficacy was found that to be significantly and inversely related to death anxiety and psychiatric co-morbidity, but not PTSD. Results were discussed in light of literature regarding death anxiety. It seems that self-efficacy is related to death anxiety and well-being; however, it interacts with these processes independently and not as a mediating factor. More research is needed to understand coping mechanisms that help develop resilience against the negative effects of death anxiety against PTSD and minimize its detrimental impact on mental health.

scholarly journals The COVID-19 Pandemic: A Longitudinal Study on the Emotional-Behavioral Sequelae for Children and Adolescents with Neuropsychiatric Disorders and Their Families

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (18) ◽  
pp. 9880
Author(s):  
Alessia Raffagnato ◽  
Sara Iannattone ◽  
Benedetta Tascini ◽  
Martina Venchiarutti ◽  
Alessia Broggio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Child Behavior Checklist ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Internalizing Disorders ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Depression Anxiety Stress Scale ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Over Time

This study aimed to investigate the immediate and short-term impact of the pandemic on the psychological well-being of Italian children and adolescents with psychiatric disorders and their families. Overall, 56 patients aged 6–18 (M = 13.4 years, SD = 2.77) and their parents were evaluated during the COVID-19 lockdown (T0) and after 4 months (T1). An ad hoc data sheet, Youth Self-Report 11–18 (YSR), Child Behavior Checklist 6–18 (CBCL), and Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) were administered. Patients, mainly suffering from internalizing disorders, overall demonstrated a good adaptation to the pandemic context. Moreover, patients with behavioral disorders showed a greater psychological discomfort at both T0 and T1 compared to patients with internalizing disorders. Over time, patients presented an improvement on the emotional side, as proven by a significant decrease in internalizing and post-traumatic stress problems. Finally, no significant differences were found in the emotional-behavioral profile of patients according to the means of conducting neuropsychiatric interventions during the lockdown (i.e., in person/remotely/interrupted), thus allowing us to exclude important negative effects caused by the transition to remote therapy. Concerning parents, an inverse relationship emerged between the DASS-21 scores and the level of resilience, which therefore represents a protective factor against psychological maladjustment. Over time, an improvement in the psychological well-being of parents was observed, as shown by a significant decrease in mothers’ anxiety and fathers’ stress.

Development and Validation of the Inventory of Depression and Anxiety Symptoms (IDAS)

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Watson ◽  
Michael W O'Hara ◽  
Leonard J Simms ◽  
Scott Stuart ◽  
Roman Kotov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Specific Symptom

We describe a new self-report instrument, the Inventory of Depression and Anxiety Symptoms (IDAS), which was designed to assess specific symptom dimensions related to major depression and related anxiety disorders. We created the IDAS by conducting principal factor analyses in three large samples (college students, psychiatric patients, community adults); we also examined the robustness of its psychometric properties in five additional samples (high school students, college students, young adults, postpartum women, psychiatric patients) that were not involved in the scale development process. The IDAS contains 10 specific symptom scales: Suicidality, Lassitude, Insomnia, Appetite Loss, Appetite Gain, Ill Temper, Well-Being, Panic, Social Anxiety, and Traumatic Intrusions. It also includes two broader scales: General Depression (which contains items overlapping with several other IDAS scales) and Dysphoria (which does not). The scales (a) are internally consistent, (b) capture the target dimensions well, and (c) define a single underlying factor. They show strong short-term stability, and display excellent convergent validity and good discriminant validity in relation to other self-report and interview-based measures of depression and anxiety.

Religiosity is a protective factor against self-injurious thoughts and behaviors in Jewish adolescents: Findings from a nationally representative survey

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (8) ◽  
pp. 509-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.H. Amit ◽  
A. Krivoy ◽  
I. Mansbach-Kleinfeld ◽  
G. Zalsman ◽  
A.M. Ponizovsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protective Factor ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Self Report ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors ◽  
Report Measure ◽  
Jewish Adolescents

AbstractPurposeFew studies have investigated the association between religiosity and self-injurious thoughts and behaviors specifically in adolescents, yielding inconsistent results. To date, no study has examined this relationship in a Jewish adolescent cohort.MethodsSelf-injurious thoughts and behaviors, as well as depression, were assessed in a nationally representative sample of Jewish adolescents (n = 620) and their mothers, using the Development and Well-Being Assessment Inventory (DAWBA) structured interview. Degree of religiosity was obtained by a self-report measure.ResultsUsing multivariate analysis, level of religiosity was inversely associated with self-injurious thoughts and behaviors (Wald χ2 = 3.95, P = 0.047), decreasing the likelihood of occurrence by 55% (OR = 0.45, 95% CI 0.2–0.99), after adjusting for depression and socio-demographic factors. This model (adjusted R2 = 0.164; likelihood ratio χ2 = 7.59; df = 1; P < 0.047) was able to correctly classify 95.6% of the patients as belonging either to the high or low risk groups.ConclusionThis is the first study demonstrating religiosity to have a direct independent protective effect against self-injurious thoughts and behaviors in Jewish adolescents. This finding has clinical implications regarding risk assessment and suicide prevention. Further research can potentially elucidate the complex relationship between religiosity, self-injury and suicide in this population.

scholarly journals Gangguan Psikologis dan Kesejahteraan Psikologis pada Mahasiswa Baru

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-56
Author(s):  
Airin Triwahyuni ◽  
Clement Eko Prasetio
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Psychological Disorders ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Psychological Disorder ◽  
Self Report ◽  
First Year ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
First Year University

First-year university students are vulnerable to certain psychological disorders. Psychological Well-Being (PWB) is one of the resources they can use to face academic challenges. However, research focusing to identify PWB as protective factor among first-year university students is still rare. This study employs quantitative method involving 151 respondents from the Faculty of Psychology of University X in West Java. It uses a PWB scale composed by Ryff and Self Report Questionnaire (SRQ-20). It also employs simple multiple regression to determine the relation between PWB and symptoms of psychological disorders, on one hand, and stepwise multiple regression to find out which dimensions of PWB are significant to anticipate psychological disorder, on the other. This study argues that PWB, especially self-acceptance and environment mastery dimension, can be used as a protective factor against psychological disorders. Keywords: first-year university students, psychological disorders, psychological well-being

Optimism, Type a Behavior, and Psychological Well-Being in Japanese Women

1997 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katsunori Sumi ◽  
Kiyoshi Horie ◽  
Seiichi Hayakawa
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Type A ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Type A Behavior ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Female College Students ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Female College ◽  
Japanese Female

The relations of self-report scores for optimism, Type A behavior, and stress with those for depression and anxiety were examined in 144 Japanese female college students. A significant interaction of scores on optimism and Type A behavior indicated that subjects who reported higher optimism and higher Type A behavior had a lower mean for anxiety than those who reported lower optimism and higher Type A behavior.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document