Examination of the Health Status of the Population in the Vicinity of the Nerpa Shipyard Involved in the Decommission and Dismantlement of the Nuclear Legacy Facility – FTB Lepse

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 31-39
Author(s):  
A. Lyaginskaya ◽  
N. Shandala ◽  
S. Kiselev ◽  
A. Ermalitskiy ◽  
D. Isaev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Radiation Background ◽  
The Status ◽  
Public Health Indicators ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Town

Purpose: Purpose of this report is to assess the health status of the residents of the town of Snezhnogorsk, located in the impact area of the shipyard (SRZ Nerpa) involved in the decommission and dismantlement of the floating technical base Lepse (PTB Lepse). Material and method: The following parameters were assessed as public health indicators: total primary and chronic primary morbidity of adult and children population, child disability, reproductive health in terms of the status of pregnant women and newborns, general and child mortality. Annual external radiation background values were evaluated along with contents in soil and water of manmade radionuclides, such as 137Cs and 90Sr, and natural ones, such as 226Ra, 223Th, 40K and 235U. Results: The health of the population of the town of Snezhnogorsk, being measured by incidence indicators and reproductive health, is lower than that in the country as a whole: the adult morbidity (667.7 ± 4.2 and 454.2 ± 19.8 per 1000 residents respectively) and child morbidity (3336.2 and 2052.3 ± 194.4 per 1000 residents respectively) is higher; the frequency of adverse pregnancy outcomes (stillbirth, early neonatal fetal death, spontaneous abortions) is also higher – 86.2 ± 18.4 and 46.6 per 1000 residents respectively. Conclusion: The main causes of the negative impact on the health of the population of the town of Snezhnogorsk are climatic and geographical conditions of the Kola Arctic and the presence of medium-light iodine deficiency (goiter endemia).

Globalization and health: An empirical investigation

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vishalkumar J Jani ◽  
Nisarg A Joshi ◽  
Dhyani J Mehta
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Panel Data Analysis ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Social Dimension ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
The Impact

This article empirically examines the impact of globalization on the health status of countries by using panel data. Unlike previous studies, it has attempted to use three different dimensions of globalization and estimate their impact on health status measured by infant mortality rate and life expectancy. It also introduces an initial level of development status as an explanatory variable and found that it has an important role. The fixed effects panel data analysis shows that globalization has a positive impact on the health indicators. Out of the three dimensions of globalization, namely, economic, social and political, the first one has the highest influence on health for the less developed countries. However, as one moves up the ladder of development, social dimension becomes more important. Moreover, the pace of improvement in health indicators is faster in developed countries, indicating a divergence between the developed and the underdeveloped world.

The impact of agricultural pollutants in six drinking water reservoirs

1999 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 11-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Tanik ◽  
B. Beler Baykal ◽  
I. E. Gonenc
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
Environmental Evaluation ◽  
Diffuse Sources ◽  
Catchment Areas ◽  
The Status ◽  
Agricultural Pollutants ◽  
A Minor ◽  
The Impact

Water is supplied in the Greater Istanbul Metropolitan Area from the surface water of six main reservoirs. The present land use in the catchment areas of the reservoirs indicates that the area devoted to agricultural activities and to forests and meadows varies between 73 and 97% and that only a minor percentage, 1-26%, is devoted to settlements and industries. In contrast to the land use profile, the current environmental evaluation of the catchment areas reveals that point sources dominate over diffuse sources. However, this trend is expected to be reversed in the near future, making diffuse sources and control of fertilizers and pesticides the most significant issue. Pollutant loads regarding pesticides and fertilizers are calculated from unit loads based on area. These pollutants are observed to have a negative impact on water quality in terms of eutrophication and toxicity. In this paper, the status of fertilizers and pesticides are addressed and some protective measures for reducing the impact of agricultural pollutants in the reservoirs are recommended.

scholarly journals What the impact of the economic crisis on the Brazilian’s lifestyle between 2013 and 2016? A long-term trend cross-sectional study.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonny Állan Bezerra ◽  
Denilson Menezes Santos ◽  
Michele Maria Oliveira ◽  
Claudia Vanisse Costa ◽  
Elaynne de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sharp Drop ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Long Term Trend

Abstract Background: Brazil has been going through a period of economic crisis since 2015 and the impact on health indicators and the quality of life of the most recent crisis is unclear. This study sought to establish a relationship between the impact of the economic crisis experienced by Brazil during the period 2013-2016 and the lifestyle of adult populations in the 27 capitals of the Brazilian state.Results: According to the binary logistic regression model, at least completing secondary education increases the probability of individuals presenting higher LS by 4.9% (OR=1,049, 95% CI 1,029–1,070); being involved in some type of relationship decreases the probability of presenting a higher LS by 5.3% (OR=0.947, 95% CI 0.029-0.965); having an adequate body mass index increases LS by 27.3% (OR=1.273, 95% CI 1,245.10.10). Living in a city with a lower unemployment rate increases the probability of having a higher LS score by 3.8%(OR=1,038, 95% CI 1,012-1.064); living in a city with a more basic food basket decreases the probability of having a higher LS score by 5.4% (OR=0.946, 95% CI 0.910-0.982). Presenting higher yields decreases the probability of having a higher LS by 12% (OR=0.880, 95% CI 0.860-0.900). In addition, there was an increase in the percentage of leisure-time PA in 2015 (20.9%), followed by a decrease to 18.1% in 2016, after a stabilization period in 2013 (19.5%) and 2014 (19.6%). The physical exercise showed a steady annual increase, with a score of 49.6% in 2013, followed by 50.9% and 51.9% in 2014 and 2015, respectively, and ending with 54.5% in 2016. The "Watch TV 5x per week" indicator recorded a sharp drop between 2013 (27.9%) and 2015 (22.7%), as well as the consumption of soft drinks, which went from stable values in 2013 (19.5%) and 2014 (19%) 17.3% in 2015.Conclusion: In the case of Brazil, the economic crisis initially started in 2015 had a negative impact on the population over time, but these effects were only observed in the second year of crisis, being preceded by a temporary improvement of indicators.

The impact of sanctions on the resolution of international business disputes: maintaining the status quo or looking for alternative jurisdictions?

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 144-167
Author(s):  
Saglar Ochirova ◽  
Vladislav Starzhenetskiy
Keyword(s):  
Dispute Resolution ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Choice Of Law ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The Status ◽  
Domestic Jurisdiction ◽  
Legislative Amendments ◽  
The Impact

The negative impact of the economic sanctions is not limited to the sphere of substantive law; it also extends to issues related to dispute resolution. Trying to achieve a fair resolution of disputes sanctioned persons may face many obstacles literally at every stage of the proceedings, starting with problems related to payment of arbitration fees, searching for counsels and arbitrators who are often reluctant to taking corresponding sanctions risks, and ending with the stage of enforcement of a judgment or an arbitral award. Under these conditions, the conduct of court or arbitration proceedings, if theoretically possible, in practice will be associated with substantial organizational difficulties, delays in consideration of a case and significant additional costs. In this regard the authors, based on the foreign and Russian experience, analyze advantages and disadvantages of various options for resolving the disputes involving sanctioned persons, including maintaining the former procedure for resolving disputes, transferring disputes to a neutral or domestic jurisdictions, as well as the latest legislative amendments, namely provisions of the Russian Arbitrazh Procedure Code expanding the exclusive jurisdiction of Russian arbitrazh (commercial) courts which have entered into force in June 2020. Maintaining the status quo between parties to a dispute provides a high degree of legal certainty but does not take into account the potentially serious breach of sanctioned persons’ rights. While the transfer of dispute resolution to the domestic jurisdiction allows the latter to ensure the protection of their rights, but, in turn, carries the risks of violating the existing balance in relations between the parties, refusal to recognize and enforce a future judgement in foreign jurisdictions and etc. Given the impossibility to foresee in advance the extension of restrictive measures to parties of a contract and character of such measures, perhaps the optimal solution could be the so-called cascade arbitration clauses, providing for variability of actions in certain cases, in particular: 1) choice of alternative forum; 2) establishing additional requirements for the neutrality of arbitrators; 3) waiver of the parties to submit disputes to jurisdictions that cannot provide equal and impartial resolution of the dispute in new circumstances. In addition, the parties are strongly encouraged to carefully consider the choice of law provisions, including choice of law applicable to the arbitration agreement.

The Impact of Recurrent Disasters on Mental Health: A Study on Seasonal Floods in Northern India

2013 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 279-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim R. Wind ◽  
Pooran C. Joshi ◽  
Rolf J. Kleber ◽  
Ivan H. Komproe
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Physical Functioning ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Mental Health Status ◽  
Publication Type ◽  
Northern India ◽  
The Impact

AbstractIntroductionVery little is known on the impact of recurrent disasters on mental health.AimThe present study examines the immediate impact of a recurrent flood on mental health and functioning among an affected population in the rural district of Bahraich, Uttar Pradesh, India, compared with a population in the same region that is not affected by floods.MethodsThe study compared 318 affected respondents with 308 individuals who were not affected by floods. Symptoms of anxiety and depression were assessed by the Hopkins Symptom Checklist-25 (HSCL-25). Psychological and physical functioning was assessed by using the Short Form-12 (SF-12).ResultsThe affected group showed large to very large differences with the comparison group on symptoms of anxiety (D = .92) and depression (D = 1.22). The affected group scored significantly lower on psychological and physical functioning than the comparison group (respectively D = .33 and D = .80). However, hierarchical linear regressions showed no significant relationship between mental health and the domains of functioning in the affected group, whereas mental health and the domains of functioning were significantly related in the comparison group.ConclusionThis study found a large negative impact of the recurrent floods on mental health outcomes and psychological and physical functioning. However, in a context with recurrent floods, disaster mental health status is not a relevant predictor of functioning. The findings suggest that the observed mental health status and impaired functioning in this context are also outcomes of another mechanism: Both outcomes are likely to be related to the erosion of the social and environmental and material context. As such, the findings refer to a need to implement psychosocial context-oriented interventions to address the erosion of the context rather than specific mental health interventions.WindTR, JoshiPC, KleberRJ, KomproeIH. The impact of recurrent disasters on mental health: a study on seasonal floods in northern India. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2013;28(3):1-7.

scholarly journals Temporal–Spatial Distribution of Ecosystem Health and Its Response to Human Interference Based on Different Terrain Gradients: A Case Study in Gannan, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1773 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Shi ◽  
Rui Han ◽  
Luo Guo
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Health ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Jiangxi Province ◽  
Spatial Correlations ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Human Interference ◽  
The Status ◽  
Urbanization In China ◽  
Impact Of Urbanization ◽  
The Impact

The exploitation, utilization, and protection of land resources are some of the great social problems during the process of rapid urbanization in China. The status of land use directly affects ecosystem health (ESH). The evaluation of ESH and the spatial correlations between urbanization caused by human interference help us to analyze the influence of urbanization on ecosystems and also provide new insight into reasonable and scientific resource management. In this study, we evaluated the ESH of Gannan, in Jiangxi Province, China, based on ecosystem service values (ESV) and selected a series of indicators to detect the impact of urbanization on ecosystem health in 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010. and 2015. Remote sensing (RS) and the Geographic Information System (GIS) were used as processing tools to calculate basic data and to map the results based on different terrain gradients. The results show that ecosystem health suffered a downward trend from 1990 to 2015. Especially, the area proportion at an unhealthy level and average health (ave-health) level increased prominently, and the area of a well state decreased. Further, the results indicate that urbanization had a negative impact on ESH. The degree of a negative correlation increases with the process of urban sprawl. In addition, we found that from 1990 to 2015, the area proportion of a degraded level and unhealthy level was the highest on the first terrain gradient, and as the terrain gradient increased, this area proportion also decreased. However, the high interference region occupies a higher proportion in the lower terrain gradient. Consequently, the results could reveal the impact of urbanization on ecosystem health and could provide an even more effective service for a sustainable development.

scholarly journals Case Studies of the Economic Impact of Highway Bypasses in Kansas

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael W. Babcock ◽  
Jose A. Davalos
Keyword(s):  
Economic Impact ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Small Towns ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Retail Sales ◽  
Total Employment ◽  
Dummy Variable ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Town

The construction of highway bypasses has resulted in many economic benefits both for intercity motorists as well as residents of towns with bypasses. Despite the benefits of bypasses, they remain controversial. Local business owners in the town being bypassed fear that the reduction of traffic passing through the town will adversely affect their sales. The purpose of this study is to add to the literature concerning the economic impact of highway bypasses on small towns. The measured impacts are (1) total employment of bypass towns, (2) retail sales of the towns' travel-related businesses, (3) employment of the towns' travel-related businesses, and (4) the bypass town as a whole. To measure the impact of the bypasses on total employment of bypass towns, each of the nine sample towns was matched with a group of control towns. Total employment of each bypass town was regressed on total employment of its control towns and a bypass dummy variable used to measure the effect of the bypass. The equations were estimated by ordinary least squares (OLS) regression. The other three impacts were obtained by interviewing the owners and managers of 54 travel-related businesses located in the nine bypass towns. The statistical results are consistent with the hypothesis that the bypass did not have a statistically significant effect on total employment of the bypass towns. In the opinion of most of the owners and managers of the travel-related businesses the bypasses had a negative impact on their retail sales and employment, and on the town as a whole. There was a substantial variation in opinion regarding the impact of the bypass on company retail sales, employment, and on the town as a whole among the industry groups in the sample.

scholarly journals The Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic Restrictions on Physical Activity and Psychological Characteristics of the Iranian People

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esmaeel Saemi ◽  
Hadi Nobari ◽  
Georgian Badicu ◽  
Habibollah Ghazizadeh ◽  
Ali Pashabadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact

Abstract BackgroundThe aim of this study was to investigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic restrictions on physical activity behaviours, as well as on mental health indicators among Iranian residents. MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, 335 participants were included (155 males, mean age = 30.06 ± 14.58 years). The eligibility criteria for this study were as follows; 1- Having at least 10 years of age. 2- Having a minimum literacy rate 3- Ability to work with networks of smart communication devices such as smartphones and computers 4- Living in Iran for the past 5 years. Participants were selected through the convenience sampling and filled out an online questionnaire measuring physical activity behaviours (The International Physical Activity Questionnaire; IPAQ; Short Form) and two mental health indicators – self-esteem (Rosenberg self-esteem scale) and social physical anxiety (7-items social physique anxiety scale). ResultsThe results of Wilcoxon test showed that participants reported significant differences from before to during the pandemic in all three variables of physical activity (significant decreases), self-esteem (significant decreases), and social physical anxiety (significant increases). This difference was found, regardless of participants’ gender. The results of Spearman correlation test between changes in physical activity and changes in mental health indicators showed that COVID-19 pandemic negatively impacted self-esteem and social physical anxiety. However, we have not found any significant association of physical activity’s change with social physical anxiety or self-esteem’s changes before and during the pandemic. ConclusionsIn sum, the findings of the present study indicate a detrimental effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the physical activity and mental health among Iranian’s residents. Public policies aiming to buffer the negative impact on COVID-19 Iranians’ health are urgently needed.

Analysis of Infant Mortality Rate in Indian States

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 334-339
Author(s):  
Pragati Jain ◽  
Prerna Jain
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
State Level ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Indian States ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Government

The aim of this research is to explore the status of infant mortality at the state level, rate of change over the study period (1981–2011) and regional variation in infant mortality rate (IMR) and present a case as to how health status can be improved through targeting goals as in the case of IMR by the health planners and policymakers. The achievement of each of the 15 states on the basis of IMR is examined on the basis of divergence reduction. Sigma and beta absolute convergence measures used to determine the nature of change in the degree of regional inequality in IMR show positive results in achieving regional convergence. This confirms that the government policy and programmes to control and reduce IMR have been successful. IMR is frequently questioned as a measure of health status as infant mortality turns out to be the main focus of health policy; however, the entire population’s health possibly will be ignored in achieving the policy targets. However, the brighter side to it is that the entire gamut of health indicators can be targeted in a phased manner to achieve the overall improvement in the health status.

scholarly journals How we treat patients with lung cancer during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: primum non nocere

ESMO Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Suppl 2) ◽  
pp. e000765 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Banna ◽  
Alessandra Curioni-Fontecedro ◽  
Alex Friedlaender ◽  
Alfredo Addeo
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Treatment Decision ◽  
Pulmonary Complications ◽  
Difficult Time ◽  
The Status ◽  
Patient’S Outcome ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

New cases of the novel coronavirus, also known as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) continue to rise worldwide. A few reports have showed that mortality due to SARS-CoV-2 is higher in elderly patients and other active comorbidities including cancer. To date, no effective treatment has been identified and management for critically ill patients relies on management in intensive care units. Patients with lung cancer are at risk of pulmonary complications from COVID-19. Furthermore, the use of chemotherapy might have a negative impact in patient’s outcome. Therefore, the risk/benefit ratio of systemic anticancer treatment (SACT) has to be considered. For each patient, several factors including age and comorbidities, as well as the number of hospital visits for treatment, can influence this risk. Each hospital around the world has issued some internal policy guidelines for oncologists, aiming to limit risks during this difficult time. We hereby propose a tool to support oncologists and physicians in treatment decision for patients with lung cancer. There are several variables to consider, including the extent of the epidemic, the local healthcare structure capacity, the risk of infection to the individual, the status of cancer, patients’ comorbidities, age and details of the treatment. Given this heterogeneity, we have based our suggestions bearing in mind some general factors There is not easy, universal solution to oncological care during this crisis and, to complicate matters, the duration of this pandemic is hard to predict. It is important to weigh the impact of each of our decisions in these trying times rather than rely on routine automatisms.

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