CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF OAT GRAINS OF ULOV AND VYATSKIY VARIETIES

10.12737/3825 ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 126-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Фатыхов ◽  
Ildus Fatykhov ◽  
Колесникова ◽  
Vera Kolesnikova ◽  
Тихонова ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Economic Significance ◽  
National Economic ◽  
Favorable Weather

Oat grain has a great national economic significance. Firstly, it is a concentrated feed for farm animals. Secondly, it is the raw material for food production, most of all, for baby diet. In this regard, when used for feed purpose or for food production, it is necessary to knowledge the chemical composition of the oat grain. Our results demonstrated that by the content of chemical elements, among 70 species the differences were in membranous and hull-less oats. The grain of membranous oat of Ulov variety contained more silicon, potassium and calcium, comparing with the content of hull-less oat grains of Vyatkskiy variety. In a relatively favorable weather conditions of 2010 year, the Ulov oat grains contained more boron, sodium, aluminum, potassium, calcium. Vyatskiy hull-less oat grains at relatively favorable weather conditions of 2011 year, have a higher content of magnesium, phosphorus, calcium, manganese and zinc. Chemical composition of Ulov and Vyatskiy oat grain according to the 70 element have differs and depends on the meteorological conditions of the vegetation period. The membranous and hull-less oat grains did not contain heavy metals above the permissible values, regulated by Sanitary rules and norms 2.3.2.1078-01.

PEAS AND PRODUCTS OF ITS PROCESSING OF - NONCONVENTIONAL RAW MATERIAL RESOURCES

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.Y. Bolgova ◽  
◽  
N.A. Tarasenko ◽  
Z.S. Mukhametova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Plant Proteins ◽  
Material Resources ◽  
The Rich

Nutrition is an important factor that affects human health. The use of plant proteins as various additives in food production has now been actively developed. The rich chemical composition of pea grains determines the possibility of application in the food industry. Peas are characterized by good assimilability and degree of digestion.

scholarly journals Kaolinite Claystone-Based Geopolymer Materials: Effect of Chemical Composition and Curing Conditions

Minerals ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavlína Hájková
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Water Glass ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Solidification Process ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Curing Conditions ◽  
Low Viscosity ◽  
Lower Porosity ◽  
Curing Methods

This work describes the role of chemical composition and curing conditions in geopolymer strength, leachability of chemical elements and porosity. The study focuses on geopolymer material prepared from calcined kaolinite claystone, which is not studied frequently as a raw material for geopolymer production, although it has a high application potential as it is easily commercially available and allows preparation of geopolymers with low viscosity. The composition of geopolymers and their curing methods were selected considering their ease of use in the praxis. Therefore, the potassium water glass itself was used as alkali activator without any KOH or NaOH addition. Chemical composition was changed only by the density of water glass in the range of 1.2 to 1.6 g·cm−3. Geopolymers were cured at a temperature within the range of 5 °C–70 °C to speed up the solidification process as well as by microwave radiation. High compressive strengths were obtained for geopolymers with the highest densities of the water glass (1.5 and 1.6 g·cm−3) in dependence on various curing conditions. Higher strengths were achieved in the case of samples where the solidification was not accelerated. The samples cured at lower temperatures (5 °C) showed lower porosity compared to the other curing types. The lowest leachability of Si and alkalis was reached for the samples with water glass density 1.5 g·cm−3.

scholarly journals Ecological trial of the winter wheat varieties of the ARC “Donskoy” in the area of dark chestnut soils of the Volgograd region

2021 ◽  
pp. 88-94
Author(s):  
V. L. Sapunkov ◽  
A. V. Solonkin ◽  
A. V. Guzenko
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Chestnut Soils ◽  
Volgograd Region ◽  
Moisture Supply ◽  
Favorable Weather ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties

The current paper has presented the trial results of the winter wheat varieties developed by the ARC “Donskoy” in 2018 -2020. Currently, the farmers have bred a lot of different wheat varieties, but they are not able to take into account all the peculiarities of their cultivation. The purpose of the current work was to study the features of the autumn and spring-summer vegetation periods of the winter wheat varieties developed by the ARC “Donskoy” in the area of dark chestnut soils of the Volgograd region. There have been selected 10 winter wheat varieties for the trials. The field trial was laid down on dark chestnut soils of the lands of the Serafimovichsky district in the Volgograd region. The study was carried out according to the generally accepted B.A. Dospekhov’s methodology. The field trials showed that the germination of winter wheat was influenced by a seeding depth, which was 7-9 cm. The best germination was found among the varieties ‘Asket’, ‘Etyud’, ‘Lilit’, ‘Donskaya Step’ and ‘Zhavoronok’. During the trials, the formation of a productive stand was greatly influenced by the weather (the length of a spring tillering period, precipitation in May), as well as the traits of the variety. The winter wheat varieties ‘Etyud’, ‘Shef’, ‘Donskaya Step’, ‘Krasa Dona’ were able to form a large number of productive stems under favorable weather conditions. Under insufficient moisture supply, the largest number of productive stems was formed by the varieties ‘Lidiya’ and ‘Lilit’. The highest tillering intensity during an autumn vegetation period was shown by the variety ‘Lidiya’ (4.7–6.2 shoots), including the varieties ‘Zhavoronok’ (4.2–5.4 shoots) and ‘Etyud’ (4.0–5.3 shoots). The largest productivity was produced by the varieties ‘Donskaya Step’ (4.97 t/ha), ‘Zhavoronok’ (4.95 t/ha), ‘Krasa Dona’ (4.90 t/ha) over three years.

scholarly journals The role of perennial grasses in creating a sustainable feed base by conveyor use

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 238-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. N. Pavlyuchik ◽  
A. D. Kapsamun, ◽  
N. N. Ivanova ◽  
V. A. Tyulin ◽  
O. S. Silina
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Perennial Grasses ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Optimal Time ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Fodder Production ◽  
Wide Range

Currently, the most urgent task in improving the industry of feed production is the creation of green and raw materials conveyors, which will allow an uninterrupted supply of vegetable raw materials from early spring to late autumn for feeding farm animals and preparing high-quality feed. The research has shown that the most optimal time for mowing alfalfaclover-cereals mixtures with high fodder values is the budding phase - the start of flowering of legume grasses in the conveyor system with 10.6-15.2% of raw protein content in the crop. It was noted that the cultivation of meadow clover varieties of various ripening time mixed with a wide range of alfalfa and cereal grasses lead to the decrease in the effect of unfavorable weather conditions and to 15-20% increase in grass mixtures productivity. The article presents recommendations for the extension of the productive longevity of grass stands up to five years using mixtures with different ripening varieties of meadow clover and alfalfa with grass components of a new generation with productivity up to 32.8 t / ha of green mass.  According to the field test of 2013-2017, the article provides data on the green mass productivity of alfalfa-clover-cereals grass stands with the addition of early ripening varieties of grasses, which for two mowings averaged 29.4 t / ha in 2013-2014 and 30.1 t / ha in 2015-2017.  The methods of creating and using grass mixtures have been indicated, the best time for mowing has been defined by conveyor use of them in the Upper Volga region. The scheme of the green and raw materials conveyor with the use of differently ripening grass mixtures, consisting of new species and varieties of forage grasses of different periods of ripening, is given. It has been established that the use of legume-grass mixtures allows to obtain high-quality raw material for the production of bulk feed within 110-120 days, which acts as the way to increase the efficiency of fodder production. An expanded range of fodder grasses creates the conditions for improving the sustainability of fodder production in less dependence on extreme weather conditions. 

scholarly journals Influence of Agroclimatic Conditions, Life Form and Host Species on the Species Complex of Wheat Septoria Pathogens

2020 ◽  
pp. 177-190
Author(s):  
Ju. V. Zeleneva ◽  
O. S. Afanasenko ◽  
V. P. Soodnikova
Keyword(s):  
Life Form ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Crop Loss ◽  
Economic Significance ◽  
Wheat Cultivation ◽  
Low Humidity

Currently, septoria is the basis of the pathogenic complex on wheat crops in Russia, occupying the predominant position among harmful fungal diseases. In case of severe wheat damage, the crop loss caused by the fungus Z. tritici, makes up from 10–25 to 40–60%. The crop loss caused by the fungus P. nodorum parasitizing is from 10–20 to 30–50% during the years of epiphytoty. The question of the economic significance of P. avenae has not yet been examined completely. However, depending on the area of wheat cultivation and the year of observation, its part in the septorian population may reach up to 76.9%. It was of interest to study in detail the influence of conditions of the specific year, life form, and species of wheat on the formation of the species composition of Septoria in the pathogenic complex of wheat. Among the complex set of factors included in the concept of the environment, a significant role belongs to its abiotic components, namely, climate and weather, but the variety as an environment-forming factor has a decisive role. Our studies were carried out during 2010–2017. During the research period, the weather conditions varied significantly over the years and were not always favorable for the development of plants and formation of a good wheat crop. During the study, deviations in the amount of precipitations during the vegetation period, and, in general, over the year from the long-term average annual values, were noted. The years of 2012, 2014 and 2015 were characterized by the highest moisture supply during the vegetation season. It has been predicted that cooler days of April and May will promote the better development of P. avenae and P. nodorum. P. nodorum receives its predominant development during the years with wetter weather within the vegetation period of wheat, in contrast to Z. tritici more resistant to low humidity. These data demonstrate adaptation of the pathogen to conditions of an increased temperature regime and reduced rainfall amount.

scholarly journals The Feasibility of Using Agarophyte Processing Waste

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana A. Ignatova ◽  
Nataliya G. Strokova ◽  
Anna N. Roshchina
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Red Algae ◽  
Proteolytic Enzymes ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Alkali Solution ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Fish Food ◽  
Minced Fish

When agarophytes are processed, 16-89% algal waste (AW) is formed. Due to the high content of minerals in this waste and the presence of proteins that are resistant to the action of proteolytic enzymes, such AW is mainly used in the production of feed for farm animals. The significant content of polysaccharides in dry AW indicates that it could be used as a raw material for the production of dietary fiber (DF). Due to the difference in the chemical composition of AW depending on the type of red algae, different approaches for its deproteinization have been used. Thus, a 3% alkali solution should be used for the deproteinization of algal waste from the red algae Gracilaria, a 0.5% alkali solution for GelidiumAW, and a 1% sodium carbonate solution for A. plicataAW.The duration of the deproteinization process is 30 min at a temperature of 97±2 ∘C for all types of AW. In this study, functional and technological solutions of DF from AW were developed. The results showed that their water binding capacity was 6-22 g of water per 1 g of the preparation, the fat binding capacity was 1.6-3.3 g of fat per 1 g of the preparation, and the swelling capacity was 46-312% depending on the type of red algae.The obtained DF was used in the production of minced fish food products of the ‘fish sticks’ type, based on minced fish and consisting of cod and pink salmon. The study of the chemical composition and calorie content of the developed food product showed the possibility of its use in dietary nutrition. Keywords: red algae, algal waste, deproteinization, dietary fiber

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF LATE FODDER CROPS ON THE STANDING DENSITY OF SWEET CLOVER PLANTS

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 10-9
Author(s):  
Константин Григорьев ◽  
Konstantin Grigor'ev ◽  
Алексей Балыкин ◽  
Aleksey Balykin ◽  
Леонид Шашкаров ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crops ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Sweet Clover ◽  
Sudan Grass ◽  
Fodder Crops ◽  
Favorable Weather

The article discusses the questions of cover crop cultures influence on a density of standing of sweet clover plants. Maize, Sudan grass and millet are the most suitable for the sweet clover among late cover crops, which are developing very slowly in the spring and very early release the sweet clover from shading. Field germination, the number of seedlings obtained from the number of seeds sown in our field experiments during all the years of research was higher under the cover of maize and amounted to 38.4-39.2%, in millet and Sudan grass it was no higher than 37.6-38.8% and 37.5-37.9%. The greatest completeness of the seadling during all the years of research was during the early period sowing of sweet clover without covering, and on average for 2012-2015 it was more than 45.4%. The preservation of sweet clover up to the cut was largely dependent on meteorological conditions and amounted to 55.7-66.7, in more favorable weather conditions the safety of sweet clover plants was more higher and amounted to 72.9-82.8%. The resistance of the yellow sweet clover plants to the number of unfavorable weather conditions during overwintering was quite high in our experiments, and on average for all the years of research the winter hardiness was 44.3-88.1%. Late fodder cover crops, such as annual millet, Sudan grass and maize, oppressing yellow sweet clover, significantly reduced its safety. The greatest decrease in the safety of yellow sweet clover was revealed under the cover of Sudan grass, which, unlike other cover crops, was more oppressed the clover plant both in the initial growth phases and for the whole vegetation period of plants and the preservation of the sweet clover plants was 62.2%. In the variant under the cover of maize, which was much less oppressed plants, the sweet clover provided the best preservation of plants with 69.5%.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF PLANT RAW MATERIAL IRIS SIBIRICA L.

2017 ◽  
pp. 137-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Людмила (Ljudmila) Ивановна (Ivanovna) Тихомирова (Tikhomirova) ◽  
Наталья (Natal'ja) Григорьевна (Grigor'evna) Базарнова (Bazarnova) ◽  
Анастасия (Anastasija) Александровна (Aleksandrovna) Синицына (Sinitsyna) ◽  
Ирина (Irina) Владимировна (Vladimirovna) Афанасенкова (Afanasenkova)
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Siberian Crane ◽  
Active Substances

Species of the genus Iris in the scientific literature, recognized as rich sources of secondary metabolites. However, in chemical terms, Iris sibirica L. is poorly understood. The purpose of this study is a comparative analysis of the chemical composition of plant material of Iris sibirica L. to optimize the timing of collection in the conditions of Altai region.The object used samples of leaves and rhizomes and roots of I. sibirica varieties Cambridge and Sterkh variety, harvested in the vicinity of the city of Novoaltaisk.As a result of these tests the ash content from I. sibirica spring collection 1,3 times more than in autumn. The method of emission spectrometry revealed the presence of 26 elements. Of them macro – 4, microelements and ultramicroelements 8 – 14. Regardless of the variety of plant organs as observed the accumulation of Al. In a raw spring collection piling up Ba and Zn, and in the fall of Sr and Mn. In the studied samples I. sibirica cultivars Siberian crane Cambridge and the concentration of Cu, Pb, Cd, Cr and As exceeded the permissible level for dietary Supplements and tea on plant-basedWith the aim of obtaining flavonoids plant I. sibirica better harvest in the spring, and for optimal coumarins is the autumn collection. Tannins more is accumulated in the rhizomes with roots, and triterpenoid glycosides in the grass. The yield of essential oil from I. sibirica depends on weather conditions of vegetation period, time of procurement of raw materials and on plants and can be increased by 2–3 times.The study of element distribution and synthesized biologically active substances in the process of development of I. sibirica cultivars Siberian crane and Cambridge during the vegetation period has allowed to identify the vegetative phase with maximum accumulation, and organs of plants, accumulation of these biologically active substances.

Unique experiment of global agriculture in the Poltava region – long-term winter rye cultivation

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-69
Author(s):  
A. Kohan ◽  
L. Hlushchenko ◽  
V. Hanhur ◽  
O. Samoylenko ◽  
O. Len ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Organic Chemical ◽  
Winter Rye ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Favorable Weather ◽  
The Impact

Aim. To determine the impact of long-term effect of the complex of factors (anthropogenic and climatic) on the soil fertility, the change in the phytocenosis of weeds and the productivity of winter rye at permanent cultivation. Methods. The content of nitrogen in soil was defi ned by Kornfi eld’s method, phosphorus and potassium – according to Chirikov; the content of non-organic chemical elements in the soil – by ICP-MS method using the emission mass-spectrometer Agilent-7700 × (USA). Results. It was determined that the average productivity of winter rye in 1884–2016 was 1.19 t/ha, but the level of crop productivity fl uctuated depending on the favorable weather conditions of the year, the quality of soil preparation and the content of productive moisture in the cultivated soil layer during sowing, and the weediness of the experimental sowing. Conclusions. The results of the studies may be used to solve the fundamental issues of agriculture, for comprehensive complex investigations, the demonstration of the role of the main factors and conditions of vegetative life.

scholarly journals Screening of flax gene pool samples by fiber yield and their adaptability to the conditions of the Central Non-Black Earth Region

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 688-696
Author(s):  
E. A. Traburova ◽  
T. A. Rozhmina ◽  
I. A. Andreeva
Keyword(s):  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Flax Fiber ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Material Base ◽  
Fiber Flax ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Stable Yield ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Favorable Weather

The research was carried out in 2017-2019 in the conditions of the Smolensk region on sod-podzolic medium loamy slightly acidic soil. The study included 25 varieties and lines of fiber flax of domestic and foreign selection. The mid-ripening variety Impuls (Russia) was used as a standard, whose yield, depending on the test year, was 1.07...1.29 t/ha. As shown by the calculations of the index of environmental conditions, the most favorable conditions for fiber flax developed in 2018 (Ij = +0.46), and stress conditions, caused by excessive moisture during the critical period of plant growth and development (GTC = 1.7), in 2017 (Ij = -0.55). On average, over the years of research, the yield of fiber, depending on the genotype, varied in the range of 1.00...1.97 t/ha. The highest yield on average for three years of testing (1.78...1.97 t/ha) and average yield in contrasting conditions were characteristic of the varieties Cesar, Sinel, Dobrinya (Russia), Marylin (Holland), Andrea, Altea (France). Under favorable weather conditions (2018), a high potential for the yield of flax fiber compared to the average value (121.5...133.3 %) was obtained in the varieties Cesar, Dobrinya, Sinel (Russia), Belita (Belarus), Andrea, Altea (France), Marylin (Holland). Under stressful conditions (2017), high adaptability was found in the samples of the Russian selection Cesar (173.4 %), Sinel (168.0 %), Dobrinya (151.1 %), Tost 3 (128.7 %), Alfa, Universal (127.7 %). The varieties Surskiy (bi = 2.2), Belita (Belarus), l. 323-02 (Russia), Marylin (Holland) − 1.7, Alexandrit (Russia), Andrea (France) – 1.5. Were characterized by high responsiveness to cultivation conditions (bi> 1). Russian varieties with a relatively stable yield: Cesar, Sinel – 0.7, Alpha – 0.6, Lider, Smolich, Tost 3, Universal – 0.5, Impuls – 0,2 did not show reaction to changes in growing conditions (bi <1). Thus, the domestic varieties Cesar, Dobrinya and Sinel have the highest yield of flax fiber and adaptability to the soil and climatic conditions of the Central Non–Black Earth Region. Expansion of fiber flax acreage under these varieties will provide strengthening of the domestic raw material base.

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