Dose-Dependent Thresholds of 10-ns Electric Pulse Induced Plasma Membrane Disruption and Cytotoxicity in Multiple Cell Lines

Background: Cancer is a noncommunicable disease with increasing incidence and mortality rates both worldwide and in Thailand. Its apparent lack of effective treatments is posing challenging public health issues. Introduction: Encouraging research results indicating probable anti-cancer properties of the Delonix regia flower extract (DRE) have prompted us to evaluate the feasibility of developing a type of product for future cancer prevention or treatment. Methods and Results: In the present report, using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), we demonstrate in the DRE, the presence of high concentrations of three identifiable flavonoids, namely rutin 4.15±0.30 % w/w, isoquercitrin 3.04±0.02 %w/w, and myricetin 2.61±0.01 % w/w respectively while the IC50 of DPPH and ABTS assay antioxidation activity was 66.88±6.30 µg/ml and 53.65±7.24 µg/ml respectively. Discussion: Our cancer cell line studies using the MTT assay demonstrated DREs potent and dose dependent inhibition of murine leukemia cell line (P-388: 35.28±4.07% of cell viability remaining), as well as of human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7), human cervical carcinoma (HeLa), human oral cavity carcinoma (KB), and human colon carcinoma (HT-29) cell lines in that order of magnitude. Conclusion: Three identifiable flavonoids (rutin, isoquercitrin and myricetin) with high antioxidation activity and potent and dose dependent inhibition of murine leukemia cell line and five other cancer cell lines were documented in the DRE. The extract’s lack of cytotoxicity in 3 normal cell lines is a rare advantage not usually seen in current antineoplastic agents. Yet another challenge of the DRE was its low dissolution rate and long-term storage stability, issues to be resolved before a future product can be formulated.

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Synthesis, Spectral Characterization, Antibacterial and Anticancer Activity of some Titanium Complexes

Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry ◽

10.2174/1871520618666171219122431 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 18 (5) ◽

pp. 739-746 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Raj Kaushal ◽

Nitesh Kumar ◽

Archana Thakur ◽

Kiran Nehra ◽

Pamita Awasthi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cell Cycle ◽

Cell Death ◽

Anticancer Activity ◽

Cell Lines ◽

Spectral Characterization ◽

Mechanistic Study ◽

Titanium Complexes ◽

G0 Phase ◽

Antibacterial And Anticancer Activity ◽

Dose Dependent

Abstract: Background: After the discovery of cisplatin, first non platinum anticancer drugs having excellent efficacy were budotitane and TiCl2(cp)2 but action mechanism is not clear. Therefore, we hereby reporting synthesis and biological activities novel titanium complexes to explore their mode of action. Objectives: Synthesis, spectral characterization, antibacterial and anticancer activity of some titanium complexes. Antibacterial studies on various bacterial strains and anticancer studies on HeLa, C6, CHO cancerous cell lines have been performed. Further, the cell death mechanistic study was done on CHO cell lines. Method: Titanium complexes with and without labile groups have been synthesized by reacting of TiCl4 with nitrogen containing ligands viz. 1,2-diaminocyclohexane, 1,10-Phenanthroline, adamantylamine, 2,2'-bipyridine, 4,4'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridine in predetermined molar ratios. Antibacterial and anticancer studies were performed by agar well diffusion method and MTT assay respectively. Cell cycle analysis is done by using flow cytometry. Results: Complex 2 i.e TiCl2(Phen)2 showed better activity than other complexes as an antibacterial as well as anticancer agent. Phase contrast imaging indicates that observed morphological changes of cells was dose dependent. Cell death mechanistic study have shown the increase in sub G0 phase population as well as formation of blebbing and fragmentation of chromatin material which is an indicative measure of apoptosis. Conclusion: Complex 2 proved to be more effective bactericide and cytotoxic agent. Cell cycle analysis showed cell arrest in G0 phase. Apoptosis percentage was found to increase in a dose dependent manner. So, prepared titanium complexes can be put to use as an important chemotherapeutic agents.

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Hepatoma Cell Cultures as In Vitro Models for the Hepatotoxicity of Xenobiotics

Alternatives to Laboratory Animals ◽

10.1177/026119298801600108 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 32-37

Author(s):

Margherita Ferro ◽

Anna Maria Bassi ◽

Giorgio Nanni

Keyword(s):

Cell Lines ◽

Cell Cultures ◽

Membrane Lipids ◽

Hepatoma Cell ◽

Positive Control ◽

In Vitro Models ◽

Low Concentrations ◽

Formation Efficiency ◽

Dose Dependent

Two hepatoma cell cultures were examined as in vitro models to be used in genotoxicity and cytotoxicity tests without the addition of bioactivating enzymes. The MH1C1, and HTC hepatoma lines were used in this study to establish their sensitivity to a number of xenobiotics, namely, cyclophosphamide (CP), the classical positive control in bioactivation tests; benzaldehyde (BA), a short-chain aldehyde; and 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE), a major toxic end-product of the peroxidative degradation of cell membrane lipids. As a first approach, we compared the following cytotoxicity tests: release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and colony formation efficiency (CF). Colony-forming cells were exposed to the drugs according to different procedures, before or after the anchorage phase. The leakage of LDH into the medium following exposure of both cell lines to HNE, CP and BA for up to 24 hours was found not to be a good index of cytotoxicity. A better indicator of cytotoxicity was CF, as evaluated by exposure of the cells 24 hours after seeding. The effects were detectable at very low concentrations, corresponding to 10, 90 and 100μM for HNE, CP and BA, respectively. The impairment of CF efficiency was dose-dependent and time-dependent, and several differences between the two cell lines were observed.

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Combinatorial CRISPR screen identifies fitness effects of gene paralogues

Nature Communications ◽

10.1038/s41467-021-21478-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Nicola A. Thompson ◽

Marco Ranzani ◽

Louise van der Weyden ◽

Vivek Iyer ◽

Victoria Offord ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cancer Cells ◽

Cell Lines ◽

Unknown Function ◽

Single Copy ◽

Genetic Redundancy ◽

Synthetic Lethal ◽

Fitness Effects ◽

Synthetic Lethal Interactions ◽

Crispr Screen ◽

Multiple Cell

AbstractGenetic redundancy has evolved as a way for human cells to survive the loss of genes that are single copy and essential in other organisms, but also allows tumours to survive despite having highly rearranged genomes. In this study we CRISPR screen 1191 gene pairs, including paralogues and known and predicted synthetic lethal interactions to identify 105 gene combinations whose co-disruption results in a loss of cellular fitness. 27 pairs influence fitness across multiple cell lines including the paralogues FAM50A/FAM50B, two genes of unknown function. Silencing of FAM50B occurs across a range of tumour types and in this context disruption of FAM50A reduces cellular fitness whilst promoting micronucleus formation and extensive perturbation of transcriptional programmes. Our studies reveal the fitness effects of FAM50A/FAM50B in cancer cells.

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Cytocompatibility of stabilized black phosphorus nanosheets tailored by directly conjugated polymeric micelles for human breast cancer therapy

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-88791-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

M. Biedulska ◽

P. Jakóbczyk ◽

M. Sosnowska ◽

B. Dec ◽

A. Muchlińska ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Cell Lines ◽

Polymeric Micelles ◽

Black Phosphorus ◽

Environmental Stability ◽

Breast Cancer Cell Lines ◽

The Novel ◽

Ft Ir ◽

Dose Dependent ◽

Aggressive Breast Cancer

AbstractThe novel procedure of few-layer black phosphorus (FLBP) stabilization and functionalisation was here proposed. The cationic polymer PLL and non-ionic PEG have been involved into encapsulation of FLBP to allow sufficient time for further nanofabrication process and overcome environmental degradation. Two different spacer chemistry was designed to bind polymers to tumor-homing peptides. The efficiency of functionalisation was examined by RP-HPLC, microscopic (TEM and SEM) and spectroscopic (FT-IR and Raman) techniques as well supported by ab-initio modelling. The cell and dose dependent cytotoxicity of FLBP and its bioconjugates was evaluated against HB2, MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines. Functionalisation allowed not only for improvement of environmental stability, but also enhances therapeutic effect by abolished the cytotoxicity of FLBP against HB2 cell line. Moreover, modification of FLBP with PLL caused increase of selectivity against highly aggressive breast cancer cell lines. Results indicate the future prospect application of black phosphorus nanosheets as nanocarrier, considering its unique features synergistically with conjugated polymeric micelles.

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Labeling of multiple cell lines using a new iron oxide agent for cell tracking by MRI

Contrast Media & Molecular Imaging ◽

10.1002/cmmi.456 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 6 (6) ◽

pp. 514-522 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

C. McFadden ◽

C. L. Mallett ◽

P. J. Foster

Keyword(s):

Iron Oxide ◽

Cell Lines ◽

Cell Tracking ◽

Multiple Cell

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Aquaporins can facilitate Nox-produced hydrogen peroxide transport through plasma membrane in leukaemia cell lines

Free Radical Biology and Medicine ◽

10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2012.08.332 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 53 ◽

pp. S158-S159

Author(s):

F. Vieceli Dalla Sega⁎ ◽

L. Zambonin ◽

D. Fiorentini ◽

B. Rizzo ◽

L. Landi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Peroxide ◽

Plasma Membrane ◽

Cell Lines ◽

Leukaemia Cell

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Non-small-cell lung cancer cell lines A549 and NCI-H460 express hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyltransferase on the plasma membrane

OncoTargets and Therapy ◽

10.2147/ott.s128416 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol Volume 10 ◽

pp. 1921-1932 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Michelle Townsend ◽

Michael Anderson ◽

Evita Weagel ◽

Edwin Velazquez ◽

K. Scott Weber ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Plasma Membrane ◽

Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽

Cell Lines ◽

Cancer Cell ◽

Cell Lung Cancer ◽

Small Cell ◽

Lung Cancer Cell ◽

Small Cell Lung ◽

Hypoxanthine Guanine Phosphoribosyltransferase

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Proton-irradiated breast cells: molecular points of view

Journal of Radiation Research ◽

10.1093/jrr/rrz032 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 60 (4) ◽

pp. 451-465 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Valentina Bravatà ◽

Francesco P Cammarata ◽

Luigi Minafra ◽

Pietro Pisciotta ◽

Concetta Scazzone ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cell Line ◽

Cell Fate ◽

Cell Lines ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Proton Irradiation ◽

Expression Profiles ◽

Treatment Plan ◽

Mcf10a Cell ◽

Specific Cell ◽

Dose Dependent

Abstract Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer in women, highly heterogeneous at both the clinical and molecular level. Radiation therapy (RT) represents an efficient modality to treat localized tumor in BC care, although the choice of a unique treatment plan for all BC patients, including RT, may not be the best option. Technological advances in RT are evolving with the use of charged particle beams (i.e. protons) which, due to a more localized delivery of the radiation dose, reduce the dose administered to the heart compared with conventional RT. However, few data regarding proton-induced molecular changes are currently available. The aim of this study was to investigate and describe the production of immunological molecules and gene expression profiles induced by proton irradiation. We performed Luminex assay and cDNA microarray analyses to study the biological processes activated following irradiation with proton beams, both in the non-tumorigenic MCF10A cell line and in two tumorigenic BC cell lines, MCF7 and MDA-MB-231. The immunological signatures were dose dependent in MCF10A and MCF7 cell lines, whereas MDA-MB-231 cells show a strong pro-inflammatory profile regardless of the dose delivered. Clonogenic assay revealed different surviving fractions according to the breast cell lines analyzed. We found the involvement of genes related to cell response to proton irradiation and reported specific cell line- and dose-dependent gene signatures, able to drive cell fate after radiation exposure. Our data could represent a useful tool to better understand the molecular mechanisms elicited by proton irradiation and to predict treatment outcome

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Effects of oviductal proteins, including heat shock 70 kDa protein 8, on survival of ram spermatozoa over 48 h in vitro

Reproduction Fertility and Development ◽

10.1071/rd08204 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 21 (3) ◽

pp. 408 ◽

Cited By ~ 44

Author(s):

R. E. Lloyd ◽

R. M. A. Elliott ◽

A. Fazeli ◽

P. F. Watson ◽

W. V. Holt

Keyword(s):

Plasma Membrane ◽

Heat Shock ◽

Membrane Proteins ◽

Epithelial Cells ◽

Beneficial Effect ◽

Active Component ◽

Apical Plasma Membrane ◽

Series Of Experiments ◽

Dose Dependent

Following insemination, ram spermatozoa are transported to the isthmus region of the oviduct where they bind to the oviductal epithelial cells (OEC), remaining viable for several hours. The aim of the present study was to begin to decipher which component(s) of the ewe oviduct actively participates in maintaining the viability of ram spermatozoa. A series of experiments was conducted to investigate whether: (1) soluble OEC apical plasma membrane proteins (sAPM) isolated from ewes prolong survival of ram spermatozoa over an extended (48 h) coincubation period at 39°C; (2) a recombinant form of one of these oviductal proteins, namely heat shock 70 kDa protein 8 (HSPA8), prolongs survival of ram spermatozoa; and (3) pretreatment with HSPA8 antibody compromises the ability of sAPM to prolong the survival of ram spermatozoa. Both sAPM and recombinant HSPA8 had a beneficial effect on the viability of ram spermatozoa during coincubation, although both these effects were dose dependent. In contrast, pretreatment with HSPA8 antibody significantly negated the ability of sAPM to maintain the viability of ram spermatozoa. These findings suggest that HSPA8 is an active component of the ewe oviduct that participates in maintaining the viability of ram spermatozoa. This is a potentially valuable observation given that there is a great deal of room for improving existing diluents for storing fresh ram semen.

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