The use of phytotherapy in diseases caused by parasitic protozoa

2014 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Derda ◽  
Edward Hadaś
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Conventional Treatment ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Pharmaceutical Market ◽  
Parasitic Diseases ◽  
Plant Origin ◽  
Parasitic Protozoa ◽  
Herbal Preparations ◽  
Increasing Demand

AbstractThe paper presents an overview of the use of natural therapeutic agents in combating parasitic diseases. Nowadays there is increasing demand for proven plant therapies, which often are found to be more effective than synthetic pharmaceuticals in chronic diseases. In many cases herbal preparations perfectly supplement the conventional treatment and at the same time do not cause side effects. On the pharmaceutical market there are many drugs of plant origin which have been applied in the treatment of parasitic diseases. However, researchers are still looking for new plants, or specific substances isolated from them, which can be used in therapy. In this paper, drugs of plant origin used in the treatment of amoebiasis, giardiasis, malaria, leishmaniasis, trypanosomiasis and acanthamoebiasis are described.

Nanotherapeutics and nanotheragnostics for cancers: properties, pharmacokinetics, biopharmaceutics, and biosafety

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margreet Morsink ◽  
Lucia Parente ◽  
Fernanda Silva ◽  
Alexandra Abrantes ◽  
Ana Ramos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Quality Control ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Patient Compliance ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Cancer Drug ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Specific Targeting ◽  
Cancer Drug Delivery

: With the worldwide increasing rate of chronic diseases, such as cancer, the development of novel techniques to improve the efficacy of therapeutic agents is highly demanded. Nanoparticles are especially well suited to encapsulate drugs and other therapeutic agents, bringing additional advantages, such as less frequent dosage requirements, reduced side effects due to specific targeting, and therefore increased patient compliance. However, with the increasing use of nanoparticles and their recent launch on the pharmaceutical market it is important to achieve high quality control of these advanced systems. In this review, we discuss the properties of different nanoparticles, the pharmacokinetics, the biosafety issues of concern, and conclude with novel nanotherapeutics and nanotheragnostics for cancer drug delivery.

A Review on Leukotriene Antagonistic Agents of Plant Origin

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-35
Author(s):  
Khushbo Bhardwaj ◽  
Deepak Meshram ◽  
Kapil Kumar Soni
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Plant Origin ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
Herbal Preparations ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
By Products

Nowadays, leukotriene antagonistic agents are playing an important role in the management of asthma, rhinitis and other inflammatory diseases of the lower respiratory tract. Leukotriene antagonistic agents available in the market are montelukast, pranulukast, zafirlukast, iralukast, cinalukast, zileuton, verlukst and so on. However, due to several side effects of above allopathic medicines, the bioactive compounds of plant origin are playing a very important role as secondary metabolites. These bioactive compounds are still being used by the human beings since time immemorial in the form of herbal preparations for the treatment of various ailments as mentioned in Ayurvedic system of medicine (ASM). Many researches have been reported related to the anti-inflammatory properties of plants in the traditional medicines, which are capable of suppressing, reducing and relieving pain as well as in reducing inflammation. Therefore, there is a need to highlights some plant species and their by-products possessing anti-inflammatory and leukotriene antagonistic properties

Phytoceuticals in aniseeds: a practical approach for isolation and identification

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (01) ◽  
pp. 4701
Author(s):  
Shobha R. I. ◽  
Andallu B.
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Column Chromatography ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Systematic Research ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Traditional System ◽  
Pharmacologically Active

Nature has provided mankind with a broad and structurally diverse array of pharmacologically active chemical compounds, phytoceuticals, which have proved to be indispensable for the cure of chronic diseases or as lead structures for novel therapeutic agents. Almost, 70% of modern medicines in India have been developed from plants used in the traditional system of medicine. With the technological advances and the development of more sophisticated isolation and analytical techniques, there is great scope for further systematic research to screen and isolate many more phytoceuticals which might be more effective/as effective as synthetic drugs and thereby assess their potential in protecting against chronic diseases. The present investigation is aimed at isolation and identification of phytoceuticals in a spice, aniseed (Pimpinella anisum L), therapeutically less-exploited and widely used only for culinary purpose, using analytical techniques viz. column chromatography, high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC.) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry. Among all the solvent fractions of methanolic extract tested, methanolic extract and ethyl acetate fraction possessed highest amounts of bioactive compounds viz. phenolics, flavonoids, flavonols which was confirmed by qualitative, quantitative and HPTLC. analyses. Spectral analysis using NMR. of one of the sub-fractions of aniseeds obtained by column chromatography, revealed the presence of a glycosylated flavone, luteolin-6C-glucoside in aniseeds.  The present study revealed aniseeds to be a great source of bioactive phytoceuticals which can be novel candidates for development of new therapeutic agents.

scholarly journals Brain-specific inhibition of mTORC1 eliminates side effects resulting from mTORC1 blockade in the periphery and reduces alcohol intake in mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yann Ehinger ◽  
Ziyang Zhang ◽  
Khanhky Phamluong ◽  
Drishti Soneja ◽  
Kevan M. Shokat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Inhibitory Action ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Alcohol Intake ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Adverse Side Effects ◽  
Mtorc1 Activation ◽  
Potential Use ◽  
Heavy Alcohol Intake ◽  
Alcohol Dependent

AbstractAlcohol Use Disorder (AUD) affects a large portion of the population. Unfortunately, efficacious medications to treat the disease are limited. Studies in rodents suggest that mTORC1 plays a crucial role in mechanisms underlying phenotypes such as heavy alcohol intake, habit, and relapse. Thus, mTORC1 inhibitors, which are used in the clinic, are promising therapeutic agents to treat AUD. However, chronic inhibition of mTORC1 in the periphery produces undesirable side effects, which limit their potential use for the treatment of AUD. To overcome these limitations, we designed a binary drug strategy in which male mice were treated with the mTORC1 inhibitor RapaLink-1 together with a small molecule (RapaBlock) to protect mTORC1 activity in the periphery. We show that whereas RapaLink-1 administration blocked mTORC1 activation in the liver, RapaBlock abolished the inhibitory action of Rapalink-1. RapaBlock also prevented the adverse side effects produced by chronic inhibition of mTORC1. Importantly, co-administration of RapaLink-1 and RapaBlock inhibited alcohol-dependent mTORC1 activation in the nucleus accumbens and attenuated alcohol seeking and drinking.

scholarly journals Activity of Anti-Microbial Peptides (AMPs) against Leishmania and Other Parasites: An Overview

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 984
Author(s):  
Rima El-Dirany ◽  
Hawraa Shahrour ◽  
Zeinab Dirany ◽  
Fadi Abdel-Sater ◽  
Gustavo Gonzalez-Gaitano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Innate Immune System ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Neglected Tropical Disease ◽  
Parasitic Diseases ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Parasitic Effect ◽  
Anti Fungal

Anti-microbial peptides (AMPs), small biologically active molecules, produced by different organisms through their innate immune system, have become a considerable subject of interest in the request of novel therapeutics. Most of these peptides are cationic-amphipathic, exhibiting two main mechanisms of action, direct lysis and by modulating the immunity. The most commonly reported activity of AMPs is their anti-bacterial effects, although other effects, such as anti-fungal, anti-viral, and anti-parasitic, as well as anti-tumor mechanisms of action have also been described. Their anti-parasitic effect against leishmaniasis has been studied. Leishmaniasis is a neglected tropical disease. Currently among parasitic diseases, it is the second most threating illness after malaria. Clinical treatments, mainly antimonial derivatives, are related to drug resistance and some undesirable effects. Therefore, the development of new therapeutic agents has become a priority, and AMPs constitute a promising alternative. In this work, we describe the principal families of AMPs (melittin, cecropin, cathelicidin, defensin, magainin, temporin, dermaseptin, eumenitin, and histatin) exhibiting a potential anti-leishmanial activity, as well as their effectiveness against other microorganisms.

VASODILATORS FOR THE TREATMENT OF CARDIAC DISEASES (С01D) ON THE PHARMACEUTICAL MARKET OF THE REPUBLIC OF BELARUS

2021 ◽  
Vol 92 (2) ◽  
pp. 33-39
Author(s):  
S. E. Rzheussky ◽  
◽  
P. S. Varabei ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Domestic Market ◽  
Pharmaceutical Market ◽  
Isosorbide Mononitrate ◽  
Cardiac Diseases ◽  
Bcg Matrix ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Marketing Information

The article studies the domestic market of vasodilators for cardiac diseases in Belarus by analyzing and comparing secondary marketing information. The structure of the market depending on the manufacturing country was studied. It was established that medicines containing isosorbide mononitrate/dinitrate have the greatest number of indications to use and the least number of side effects. The dynamics of changing the sales of medicines in the vasodilators group for cardiac diseases for the period 2010-2018 is presented. The market attractiveness of medicines of the vasodilators group for cardiac diseases was studied using the matrix of the Boston Consulting Group (BCG matrix).

Medicinal plants’ use among patients with dyslipidemia: an Iranian cross-sectional survey

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Hashem Hashempur ◽  
Seyed Hamdollah Mosavat ◽  
Mojtaba Heydari ◽  
Mesbah Shams
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Herbal Preparations ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
High Prevalence

Abstract Background Despite growing demand for medicinal plants, there is little data about their use by patients with dyslipidemia. We aimed to determine the prevalence, pattern, and associated factors for the use of medicinal plants among patients with dyslipidemia. Methods A 17-item semi-structured questionnaire was filled out by 195 patients with dyslipidemia in a cross-sectional study carried out in two academic endocrinology clinics in Shiraz, Iran. The questionnaire comprised of three main domains of demographic data (6 questions), clinical data (2 of them), and data related to the use of medicinal plants (totally 9 questions). Results A total of 77.4% of patients took medicinal plants. The most common medicinal herbs used by dyslipidemic patients were Zataria multiflora, Cinnamomum zeylanicum, and Zingiber officinale. Duration of dyslipidemia was significantly longer in herbal users than non-herbal users (p=0.04). Patients believing that concomitant use of conventional drugs and herbal preparations had synergic positive effects in addition to those persuaded that herbal preparations possessed less side effects, were significantly more likely to use medicinal plants (p=0.008 and 0.005, respectively). Additionally, most of the medicinal herb users (87.4%) changed neither the pattern nor the dosage of their medications all during herbal preparations use. Conclusions This study demonstrated a high prevalence of medicinal plants’ use among patients with dyslipidemia, which was associated with the duration of dyslipidemia, patients’ viewpoints about herbal preparations’ synergic positive effects, and their fewer side effects.

scholarly journals Patterns of medication use and adherence to medications among residents in the elderly homes

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Magda AlGameel
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Patient Education ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Medication Use ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Current Therapy ◽  
Creative Commons ◽  
National Medical ◽  
Liver And Kidney

Objective: To evaluate health care related to medication regimens among institutionalized elders in Damanhour, Beheira Governate, Egypt. Methods: A prospective, multi-centered, observational study was conducted in the two elderly residential homes in Damanhour between March and May 2017. A questionnaire was developed and validated to test for elderly socio-economic, chronic diseases, current therapy adherence, vaccination history and patient education. Descriptive and quantitative analysis were performed. Results: sixty-three elderly residents were included in the study. The sample showed broad socioeconomic variability posing a true reflection of Egyptian population. 63.5% had no hearing problems, 31.7% had proper vision and 57% could move with no help. More than three quarters had chronic diseases of which 58.7% were previously hospitalized. The most prevalent diseases were hypertension, diabetes and arthritis 46%, 41.3%, 26.9% respectively. Only 7.9% and 4.7% showed chronic liver and kidney diseases, respectively and less than 10% suffered from respiratory related diseases. No alcohol drinker, 25.3% were smokers and 58.7% drank caffeine. Only 25.3% of residents showed full adherence to their medication pattern. Approximately 80% of residents never received proper patient education. Forty-three residents did not know the indication of their medications and 92% ignored its side effects. Conclusion: Absence of proper medical care exposure for the elderly residents was reflected in their low medication adherence, adverse side effects and hospitalization. We suggest extension of the national medical insurance system to include larger number of elderly population. To monitor the care given concerning medication, a daily resident gerontological nurse needs to be assigned, visits by clinical pharmacists weekly or bi-weekly from the nearby governmental hospital can improve improper medication. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.4.1923 How to cite this:Algameel M. Patterns of Medication use and adherence to medications among residents in the elderly homes. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(4):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.4.1923 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Evaluation criteria for treatment of parasitic diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 02 (03) ◽  
pp. 17-20
Author(s):  
Khatira Novruz Khalafli ◽  
◽  
Nargiz Mehman Zeynalova ◽  
Svetlana Nasirovna Khanbutayeva ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Parasitic Diseases ◽  
Complete Cure ◽  
Level Of Invasion ◽  
Helminthic Infections ◽  
Intestinal Parasitosis ◽  
Single Use ◽  
High Level

The use of modern therapeutic agents for the treatment of intestinal parasitoses makes it possible to successfully deworm them. It should be borne in mind that these therapeutic agents do not give guaranteed results after applying only a single course of therapy. After a single use of the course of therapy, the effecttiveness in most cases is only 90%, and with repeated courses of therapy a complete cure for helminthiasis is achieved. The effectiveness of deworming is taken into account according to two criteria: a radical (or complete) cure and a decrease in the intensity of the lesion. If it is impossible to prevent repeated cases of transmission of helminthiases in endemic foci of invasion, questions of complete eradication from parasitoses are not considered. In such cases, individual control tactics are developed for this outbreak, with the identification of groups and risk factors, the presence of those affected with a high level of invasion. Key words: parasitic diseases, human intestinal parasitosis, helminthic infections, malaria

scholarly journals AN OVERVIEW OF COLORECTAL CANCER: IMPLICATION OF TWO MEDICINAL PLANTS IN THEIR TREATMENT

2019 ◽  
pp. 47-52
Author(s):  
JYOTHI BASINI ◽  
SIREESHA RAYADURGAM ◽  
SWETHA DAKSHINAMURTHY
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Sedentary Lifestyle ◽  
Tumor Development ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Endemic Plant ◽  
Natural Origin ◽  
Traditional Medicinal Plants

Nowadays, cancer is one of the most common diseases in humans. Among all types, colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most serious types diagnosed in men after lung and prostate cancer while in women it occupies the second position after breast cancer worldwide. The risk factors such as obesity, sedentary lifestyle, bad nutritional habits (high in fats and proteins), smoking, and progressive aging are the cause of CRC. The acquisition of abnormal mutations leads to a consisting of many different arrangements of events during the tumor development process. Over the years, different approaches have been employed, in the treatment of cancer. These include chemotherapy, radiotherapy, surgery, and immunotherapy. Chemotherapy is routinely used for cancer treatment, but the toxicity of chemotherapeutics on healthy cells of the human body is obvious. This is the reason for discovering the new, natural origin, substances with potential cytostatic effects and less toxic side effects on the healthy cells. Medicinal plants have a special place in the management of cancer. Numerous cancer research studies have been conducted using traditional medicinal plants to discover new therapeutic agents with fewer side effects. In this review, we are describing two medicinal plants such as Actiniopteris radiata (Sw.) Link (Mayurashikha) and Terminalia pallida Brandis (Tella karaka) (endemic plant) which are available immensely in Chittoor District are used till today by the traditional herbal practitioners, tribal people is near to Talakona forest and Ayurvedic people for various diseases and also for CRC.

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