Utility of wrist circumference in recognition of metabolic syndrome in overweight and obese South Indian children and adolescents

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vidhya Ahilan ◽  
Varun Govind Krishna ◽  
Hemchand Krishna Prasad ◽  
Kannan Narayanasamy ◽  
Nedunchelian Krishnamoorthy
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Indian Children ◽  
South Indian ◽  
Wrist Circumference

Abstract Objective To describe the utility of wrist circumference in the identification of cardiometabolic risk in overweight and obese children. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in the obesity clinic of a tertiary care referral hospital over a two year period. All children and adolescents aged 5–17 years with nutritional overweight and obesity were recruited. Data pertaining to chronological age, sex, risk factors and family history were collected. Clinical assessment of anthropometry: Weight, height, body mass index (BMI), Tanner’s stage, wrist circumference, blood pressure, waist circumference and triceps skinfold thickness done as per standard criteria. Biochemical assessment of blood glucose, serum insulin, lipid profile, and Homeostatic Model for Insulin Resistance performed after 12 h of fasting. Results We recruited 118 subjects (mean age 10.9 years, 71.1% males, 87.3% obese and 12.7% overweight); 30 (25.4%) had metabolic syndrome. The mean z scores of wrist circumference of children who presented with and without metabolic syndrome was 2.7 ± 0.8 and 2.1 ± 0.7, respectively (p<0.05). We observed a fair positive correlation between wrist circumference z score and BMI z score, (r=0.5; p<0.05). On receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, 97th percentile of wrist circumference predicted metabolic syndrome among overweight and obese children with a sensitivity of 86.7% and specificity of 37.5% (AUC=0.675). Conclusions Wrist circumference with 97th percentile as a cut-off is a useful tool to identify metabolic syndrome amongst overweight and obese children and adolescents.

Abstract P088: Obesity, Hypertension and Insulin Resistance in a Primary Pediatric Setting in Southern Italy

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 129 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Giampaolo De Filippo ◽  
Domenico Rendina ◽  
Domenico Viggiano ◽  
Antonio Fasolino ◽  
Paola Sabatini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
High Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Campania Region

Background: Obesity is the main risk factor for essential hypertension (EH) in childhood. The O.Si.Me. study (Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome in children and adolescents) evaluated the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its constitutive traits in a sample of obese children and adolescents living in Campania, southern Italy. Patients and methods: Four hundred and fifteen children and adolescents consecutively referred to the National Health Service participating Outpatient Clinics for minor health problems and found to have a Body Mass Index (BMI) Z-score > 2.0 were enrolled in the study. The entire sample was screened for MetS, which was defined as the presence of at least 2 of the following alterations in addition to obesity: fasting hyperglycemia, low levels of high-density lipoproteins cholesterol, hypertriglyceridemia, and EH. The present analysis evaluated the clinical characteristics of the O.Si.Me subgroup of EH participants (systolic and/or diastolic BP ≥ 95 th percentile for age, gender and height) as compared with normotensive participants. Results: The prevalence of EH in the O.Si.Me population was 23.6 % (98/415, 48M and 50F.) and two-thirds of the EH participants met the MetS diagnostic criteria. The EH participants featured serum insulin and HOMA-IR levels significantly higher compared with normotensive ones (11.6±0.6 vs. 9.5±0.4 μIU/ml, p = 0.014; 2.6±0.1 vs. 2.2±0.1, p = 0.028 for insulin and HOMA-IR, respectively). These differences were common to boys and girls and remained significant after correction for age, pubertal stage, body weight, length, BMI, gestational age at birth, duration of breastfeeding and anthropometric parental parameters. Accordingly, children and adolescents with EH had a a relative risk of being insulin resistant (defined as a HOMA-IR ≥2.5) significantly greater compared to those without. Moreover, they exhibited higher serum creatinine levels (53.8±7.1 vs. 35.4±6.8 μmol/l, p=0.025) accounting for gender and body weight. Conclusions: More than a quarter of obese children and adolescents meet the diagnostic criteria for EH in the Campania region in southern Italy. These obese boys and girls have an increased prevalence of insulin resistance and apparently an initial reduction in renal function compared with obese children and adolescents with normal BP.

scholarly journals Effects of Perilipin (PLIN) Gene Variation on Metabolic Syndrome Risk and Weight Loss in Obese Children and Adolescents

2008 ◽  
Vol 93 (12) ◽  
pp. 4933-4940 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Deram ◽  
Christiane Y. Nicolau ◽  
Pablo Perez-Martinez ◽  
Isabel Guazzelli ◽  
Alfredo Halpern ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Multidisciplinary Treatment ◽  
Minor Allele ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Obese Children

Context: Genetic polymorphisms at the perilipin (PLIN) locus have been investigated for their potential utility as markers for obesity and metabolic syndrome (MS). We examined in obese children and adolescents (OCA) aged 7–14 yr the association of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) at the PLIN locus with anthropometric, metabolic traits, and weight loss after 20-wk multidisciplinary behavioral and nutritional treatment without medication. Design: A total of 234 OCA [body mass index (BMI = 30.4 ± 4.4 kg/m2; BMI Z-score = 2.31 ± 0.4) were evaluated at baseline and after intervention. We genotyped four SNPs (PLIN1 6209T→C, PLIN4 11482G→A, PLIN5 13041A→G, and PLIN6 14995A→T). Results: Allele frequencies were similar to other populations, PLIN1 and PLIN4 were in linkage disequilibrium (D′ = 0.999; P &lt; 0.001). At baseline, no anthropometric differences were observed, but minor allele A at PLIN4 was associated with higher triglycerides (111 ± 49 vs. 94 ± 42 mg/dl; P = 0.003), lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (40 ± 9 vs. 44 ± 10 mg/dl; P = 0.003) and higher homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (4.0 ± 2.3 vs. 3.5 ± 2.1; P = 0.015). Minor allele A at PLIN4 was associated with MS risk (age and sex adjusted) hazard ratio 2.4 (95% confidence interval = 1.1–4.9) for genotype GA and 3.5 (95% confidence interval = 1.2–9.9) for AA. After intervention, subjects carrying minor allele T at PLIN6 had increased weight loss (3.3 ± 3.7 vs. 1.9 ± 3.4 kg; P = 0.002) and increased loss of the BMI Z-score (0.23 ± 0.18 vs. 0.18 ± 0.15; P = 0.003). Due to group size, risk of by-chance findings cannot be excluded. Conclusion: The minor A allele at PLIN4 was associated with higher risk of MS at baseline, whereas the PLIN6 SNP was associated with better weight loss, suggesting that these polymorphisms may predict outcome strategies based on multidisciplinary treatment for OCA.

scholarly journals Comparison Between Serum Insulin Levels and Its Resistance With Biochemical, Clinical and Anthropometric Parameters in South Indian Children and Adolescents

2010 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Srinivasa Nageswara Rao ◽  
Gurumurthy Prema ◽  
Gururajan Priya ◽  
Sarasa Barathi Arumugam ◽  
V. Kirthivasan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Indian Children ◽  
Insulin Levels ◽  
South Indian

scholarly journals Evaluation of Different Adiposity Indices and Association with Metabolic Syndrome Risk in Obese Children: Is there a Winner?

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 4083
Author(s):  
Alessandro Leone ◽  
Sara Vizzuso ◽  
Paolo Brambilla ◽  
Chiara Mameli ◽  
Simone Ravella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Shape Index ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Relative Contribution

Body shape index (ABSI) and triponderal mass index (TMI) have been recently associated with cardiovascular risk in adults. A cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate the relationship between different anthropometric adiposity indexes and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in Caucasian obese children and adolescents. Consecutive obese children aged ≥7 years have been enrolled. Anthropometric parameters, body composition (by bioelectrical impedance), and systolic and diastolic blood pressure have been measured. Fasting blood samples have been analyzed for lipids, insulin, glucose. A multivariate logistic regression analyses, with body mass index z-score, waist to height ratio, ABSI z-score, TMI, conicity index as predictors for MetS (IDEFICS and IDF criteria according to age) has been performed. Four hundred and three (179 boys and 224 girls) obese children, aged 7–20 years, have been evaluated. When we explored the joint contribution of each anthropometric and adiposity index of interest and BMIz on the risk of MetS, we found that the inclusion of ABSIz improved the prediction of MetS compared to BMIz alone. ABSI-BMI can be a useful index for evaluating the relative contribution of central obesity to cardiometabolic risk in clinical management of obese children and adolescents.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and Possibilities of Prevention and Treatment: A Systematic Review

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1782
Author(s):  
Monika Grabia ◽  
Renata Markiewicz-Żukowska ◽  
Katarzyna Socha
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Excess Body Weight ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
Prevention And Treatment

Overweight and obesity are an increasingly common problem, not only among the healthy population, but also in adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1DM). Excess body weight is related to many cardiometabolic complications as well as a high risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS). The purpose of this systematic review is to provide a concise and critical overview of the prevalence of MetS in children and adolescents with T1DM and, ultimately, to discuss prevention and treatment options. The study was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. This review shows that, apart from the growing percentage of overweight and obese children and adolescents with T1DM (on average 20.1% and 9.5%, respectively), the problem of the increasing incidence of MetS (range from 3.2 to 29.9%, depending on the criteria used) is one of the most important phenomena of our time. One of the methods of prevention and treatment is a combined approach: changing eating habits and lifestyle, but there are also reports about the beneficial effects of the gut microflora.

scholarly journals Effects of Three Different Family-Based Interventions in Overweight and Obese Children: The “4 Your Family” Randomized Controlled Trial

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 341
Author(s):  
Panagiotis Varagiannis ◽  
Emmanuella Magriplis ◽  
Grigoris Risvas ◽  
Katerina Vamvouka ◽  
Adamantia Nisianaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Family Based ◽  
Family Based Interventions

Childhood overweight and obesity prevalence has risen dramatically in the past decades, and family-based interventions may be an effective method to improve children’s eating behaviors. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of three different family-based interventions: group-based, individual-based, or by website approach. Parents and school aged overweight or obese children, 8–12 years of age, were eligible for the study. A total of 115 children were randomly allocated in one of the three interventions, and 91 completed the study (79% compliance); Group 1 (n = 36) received group-based interventions by various experts; Group 2 (n = 30) had interpersonal family meetings with a dietitian; and Group 3 (n = 25) received training through a specifically developed website. Anthropometric, dietary, physical activity, and screen time outcomes were measured at baseline and at the end of the study. Within-group comparisons indicated significant improvement in body weight, body mass index (BMI)-z-score, physical activity, and screen time from baseline in all three study groups (p < 0.05). Furthermore, total body fat percentage (%TBF) was also decreased in Groups 2 and 3. Between-group differences varied with body weight and %TBF change, being larger in Group 3 compared to Groups 1 and 2, in contrast to BMI-z-score, screen time, and health behaviors, which were significantly larger in Group 2 than the other two groups. In conclusion, personalized family-based interventions are recommended to successfully improve children’s lifestyle and body weight status.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity in Children and Adolescents from the Age Range of 2 to 19 Years Old in Brazil

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janaina R. Niehues ◽  
Ana Inês Gonzales ◽  
Robson R. Lemos ◽  
Poliana Penasso Bezerra ◽  
Patrícia Haas
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
National Level ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Juvenile Obesity ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Obesity In Children

Introduction. Infant juvenile obesity is currently a worldwide public health problem and it is increasing at alarming rate in the Brazilian population, showing its relevance in terms of public health.Objectives. Determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents between 2 and 19 years old in different regions of Brazil.Methods. The following electronic databases were searched (from September through November 2013): Medline (PubMed), LILACS, and SciELO, using the descriptors and Boolean operators (obesity) and (overweight) and (child) and (prevalence) and (Brazil). Prospective and/or cross-sectional designs studies were found regarding the prevalence of overweight and obese children and adolescents in the five regions of Brazil.Results. A total of 191 scientific articles were found of which 17 met all inclusion criteria. A higher prevalence of overweight was found in the south (25.7%) and north (28.8%) of the country, and obesity in the southeast (15.4%) and south (10.4%).Conclusions. The scope of the studies was mostly based on municipal coverage, which resulted in limitations for conclusive analysis, showing the need for further studies of prevalence at the national level, with emphasis on public health in obese children and adolescents throughout the Brazilian territory.

scholarly journals Serum Apelin and Obesity-Related Complications in Egyptian Children

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 1354-1358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maged A. El Wakeel ◽  
Ghada M. El-Kassas ◽  
Alyaa H. Kamhawy ◽  
Essam M. Galal ◽  
Maysa S. Nassar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Egyptian Children

BACKGROUND: The rapidly increasing prevalence of childhood obesity became a major burden on health worldwide, giving an alarm to clinicians and researchers. Adipocytes act as an active endocrine organ by releasing plenty of bioactive mediators (adipokines) that play a major role in regulating metabolic processes. Apelin is a recently identified adipokine that is expressed in adipocytes.AIM: The current work aimed to uncover the relation between serum apelin and childhood obesity and its related complications as hypertension and hyperglycemiaMETHOD: A group of 50 obese and 31 non-obese; sex- and age-matched children were enrolled in our study with a mean age of (9.5 ± 2.1) and (8.7 ± 1.3) respectively. Anthropometric measurements, blood pressure, were assessed in all studied participants, we also determined the lipid profile, serum insulin, fasting blood glucose (FBG) level, HOMA-IR and serum apelin.RESULTS: Obese children had higher levels of HbA1c, FBG, serum insulin, HOMA-IR, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP Z-score); compared to controls (all P < 0.05). Apelin was significantly higher in obese children versus controls and correlated positively with BMI Z-Score (P = 0.008), DBP Z-Score (P = 0.02), cholesterol, TG (both P = 0.02), serum insulin (P = 0.003), FBG and HOMA-IR (both P = 0.001). Linear regression analysis showed that FBG was the most effective factor in predicting the level of serum apelin (P = 0.04).CONCLUSION: This work supports the hypothesis that apelin may have a crucial role in the pathogenesis of health hazards related to obesity in children including insulin resistance, hypertension and a higher risk of occurrence of metabolic syndrome.

scholarly journals Metabolic Syndrome in Italian Obese Children and Adolescents: Stronger Association with Central Fat Depot than with Insulin Sensitivity and Birth Weight

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Brufani ◽  
Danilo Fintini ◽  
Ugo Giordano ◽  
Alberto Enrico Tozzi ◽  
Fabrizio Barbetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Central Obesity ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Obesity Index ◽  
Central Fat ◽  
Fat Depot

Aim. To evaluate whether body fat distribution, birth weight, and family history for diabetes (FHD) were associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS) in children and adolescents.Methods. A total of 439 Italian obese children and adolescents (5–18 years) were enrolled. Subjects were divided into 2 groups: prepubertal and pubertal. MetS was diagnosed according to the adapted National Cholesterol Education Program criteria. Birth weight percentile, central obesity index (measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry), insulin sensitivity (ISI), and disposition index were evaluated. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to determine variables associated with MetS.Results. The prevalence of MetS was 17%, with higher percentage in adolescents than in children (21 versus 12%). In the overall population, central obesity index was a stronger predictor of MetS than insulin sensitivity and low birth weight. When the two groups were considered, central fat depot remained the strongest predictor of MetS, with ISI similarly influencing the probability of MetS in the two groups and birth weight being negatively associated to MetS only in pubertal individuals. Neither FHD nor degree of fatness was a significant predictor of MetS.Conclusion. Simple clinical parameters like increased abdominal adiposity and low birth weight could be useful tools to identify European obese adolescents at risk for metabolic complications.

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