The effects of dietary deoxynivalenol (DON) on selected blood biochemical and hematological parameters in pre-pubertal gilts

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 223-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ł. Zielonka ◽  
M. Gajęcka ◽  
M. Tarasiuk ◽  
M. Gajęcki
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Placebo Group ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
Blood Biochemical ◽  
Adaptive Mechanisms ◽  
Daily Dose ◽  
Biochemical Profiles

Abstract The aim of this study was to determine whether exposure to low doses of DON leads to changes in serum hematological and biochemical profiles. In the experiment, pre-pubertal gilts (with body weight of up to 25 kg) were administered DON per os at a daily dose of 12 μg/kg BW (group E, n=18) or a placebo (group C, n=21) over a period of 42 days. Blood for analysis was sampled seven times at weekly intervals. Minor, but statistically significant changes were observed in selected indicators, particularly in weeks 2 and 3 in values of biochemical parameters such AlAT, AspAT, Pin and Fe, and in values of hematological parameters such as RBC, MCV, MCHC, PLT, MPV, WBC, neutrophil, eosinophil, lymphocyte and monocyte counts. In group E, a decreasing trend of the values was observed in most cases, except for RBC, PLT, eosinophil, lymphocyte and monocyte counts. Similar results were obtained in the last two weeks of the experiment. Initially, exposure to DON has a stimulating effect, which is eliminated when adaptive mechanisms are triggered. The results of the study indicate that the intensity of biotransformation processes varies subjected to the body's energy resources.

scholarly journals Nephroprotective Effect of Jatropha curcas Fruit Extracts Against Carbon Tetrachloride Induced Nephrotoxicity in Rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (07) ◽  
Author(s):  
Komail M. ◽  
Narendra Babu A.
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Urine Analysis ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Blood Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Fruit Extracts ◽  
Blood Biochemical ◽  
Histopathological Studies ◽  
Nephroprotective Effect

The present study was undertaken to explore the nephroprotective potential of Jatrophacurcas fruit extracts against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Nephrotoxicity was induced by CCl4 (3ml/kg body weight) in animals. Blood biochemical parameters, urine analysis and histopathological studies were carried out to assess the nephroprotective effect. CCl4 administration induced significant nephrotoxicity in rats, which was evident from enhanced levels of albumin, potassium.From the obtained results it may be concluded that pretreatment of silymarin (50mg/kg dose orally) significantly reversed carbon tetrachloride induced nephrotoxicitywhere asJatrophacurcas methanol extract (250mg/kg body weight) showed significant effect against CCl4 induced nephrotoxicity in rats thanJatrophacurcas aqueous extract (p less than 0.001) for most of the blood biochemical parameters, hematological parameters as well in attenuation of pathological changes in kidney tissues.

scholarly journals Effects of Vitamin E and Vitamin C on Mercury Induced Toxicity in Mice

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Huq ◽  
MA Awal ◽  
M Mostofa ◽  
A Ghosh ◽  
AR Das
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Alpha Tocopherol ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Group B ◽  
Vitamin E And C

The present study was undertaken to find out the efficacy of vitamin E and/or vitamin C against mercury (Hg) induced toxicity in mice. Sixty mice were randomly divided into 5 equal groups (n=12). One group of mice (Group A) was kept as control and each of rest four groups (B, C, D and E) were fed with mercuric chloride (HgCl2) in drinking water @ 65 mg/L. In addition to HgCl2 alpha-tocopherol (vitamin E) @ 100 mg/L, ascorbic acid (vitamin C) @ 250 mg/L and combination of vitamin E and vitamin C at same dose were given to the mice of groups C, D and E respectively. All treatments were continued for 28 consecutive days. Four mice of each group were sacrificed on day 1, 14 and 28 and efficacy of vitamin E and vitamin C against Hg induced toxicity were evaluated by observing toxic signs, body weight, hemato-biochemical parameters and postmortem lesions. Mild (++) toxic signs as evident by reduced feed and water intake, salivation, vomiting, excitement, muscle tremor, ataxia, restlessness, incordination and ruffled hair coat were observed from 2nd week (group B) and from 3rd week (group C and D) by intoxication with HgCl2. Significant (P<0.01) reduction of body weight (18.38%) and hematological parameters i.e. TEC (19.88%), TLC (27.89%), Hb content (34.09%) and PCV (9.15%) were observed at day 28 in HgCl2 induced intoxicated mice (group B). At identical period in same group biochemical parameters i.e. AST (46.99%) and ALT (58.72%) increased significantly (p<0.01). Pinpoint hemorrhages throughout the liver and highly (++++) congested kidney was also observed at post mortem (group B). All the parameters i.e. toxic signs, body weight, hemato-biochemical and post mortem lesions were found to be slight (+) or mild (++) and/or improved in rest three groups of mice following treatment with vitamin E, vitamin C and combination of vitamin E and vitamin C. The present study reveals that vitamin E and C have a protective role against Hg poisoning. However, combination of vitamin E and C gave better results.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/pa.v19i2.16949 Progress. Agric. 19(2): 93 - 100, 2008

scholarly journals A 90-Day Oral Toxicity of Hydroethanolic Root Extract of Carissa spinarum in Wistar Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Komlan M. Dossou-Yovo ◽  
Aboudoulatif Diallo ◽  
Povi Lawson-Evi ◽  
Yendubé T. Kantati ◽  
Tchin Darré ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Relative Weight ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Significant Difference

Background. Herbal medication is a worldwide and ancient practice, mostly in developing countries, where a large part of the population is involved in this practice. Hence, studies must be conducted to evaluate their safety and efficiency to avoid or prevent toxicological risks due to their usage. In Togo, Carissa spinarum is a medicinal plant belonging to Apocynaceae family, used as an aphrodisiac or to heal some ailments including malaria, sickle cell anemia, hypertension, pain, and asthma. Notwithstanding its several ethnomedicinal benefits, just a few toxicological data associated with its chronic use are available. Objective. Therefore, this study aims to assess the toxicity of an ethanolic root extract of Carissa spinarum in Wistar rats. Methods. The 90-day oral toxicity process following OECD TG 408 guidelines is used. Male Wistar rats received Carissa spinarum root hydroethanolic extract at 500 and 1000 mg/kg for 90 days by oral gavage. Body weight changes, hematological and blood biochemical parameters, organ weight changes, malondialdehyde as a lipoperoxidation marker expressed according to tissue proteins, and histopathology of vital organs were assessed. Results. No signs of toxicity or mortality were observed during the 90 days experiment. Hematological parameters have not shown any treatment-related abnormalities. According to biochemical parameters, an increase in the chloride ion level was observed at 1000 mg/kg p < 0.01 . There was no significant difference between the treated groups and the control group concerning the malondialdehyde concentration, body weight, and organ relative weight. No changes in necropsy and histopathology of vital organs associated with extract treatment were observed. Conclusion. The results indicated that an ethanolic root extract of Carissa spinarum does not cause adverse effects, which can lead to Wistar rats’ death after 90-day oral administration at 500 and 1000 mg.

scholarly journals Biochemical and Haematological Blood Parameters at Different Stages of Lactation in Cows

2017 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristian Ovidiu COROIAN ◽  
Vioara MIRESAN ◽  
Aurelia COROIAN ◽  
Camelia RADUCU ◽  
Luisa ANDRONIE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Technological Factor ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Blood Biochemical

The health status of cows is evaluated and depending on haematological and biochemical profile of blood. Nutrition is the main technological factor that can produce profound changes in the metabolic profile in animals (Dhiman et al., 1991; Khaled et al., 1999; Ingvartsen, 2006). Blood parameters analyze can lead to identify if there are errors in nutrition of lactating cows (Payne et al., 1970). The aim of this study was the evaluation of metabolic and biochemical changes that occur during colostrum period and in terms of number of lactations in cows. The biological material was represented by a total of 60 heads of dairy cows from a family farm from Sălaj County, Romania. The cows are all from Holstein breed and presented no clinical signs of any specific pathology. Blood samples were collected from the jugular vein of each cow and analyzed. 10 individuals from each of the six lactations have been randomly selected. Haematological and biochemical parameters showed variations depending on factors analyzed here. In lactation 1 Hb was 7.55±3.05 (g/dl), while in lactation 6 the value was 12.5±2.10 (g/dl). RBC ranged as follows: in lactation 1 - 28.50±2.05 and in lactation 6 - 30.02±2.05. Lymphocytes varied within very wide limits under the influence of lactation: in lactation 1 - 2.8±1.56 and in lactation 6 - 7.55±1.80. The number of lactations and lactation rank have influenced blood biochemical and hematological parameters in dairy cows. Biochemical parameters are influenced by post-partum day, showing the lowest values in the early days of colostral period and the highest in the last few days of the same period.

scholarly journals TOXICOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF BIOMODIFIED ENZYME DRUG - L-ASPARAGINASE WAS79

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 53-58
Author(s):  
E. R. Pereverzeva ◽  
I. D. Treschalin ◽  
E. V. Voznyakovskaya ◽  
M. I. Treschalin ◽  
T. B. Pereverzeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Liver Toxicity ◽  
Clinical Chemistry ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Blood Biochemical ◽  
Pancreatic Toxicity ◽  
Urinary Parameters ◽  
Microscopic Pathology ◽  
Dose Dependent

Toxicological study of L-asparaginase Was79, obtained by modification of native enzyme Wolinella succinogenes in Research Institute of Genetics and Selection, was performed in male and female inbred rats. L-asparaginase was injected intraperitoneally at the 1 and 10 therapeutic dose (15x1200 IU/kg or 15x12000 IU/kg with 24-h interval). Dynamics of body weight, hematological parameters, blood biochemical parameters, electrocardiography and urinalysis were performed for all animals. Five animals in each group were sacrificed 1 and 15 days post treatment. At necropsy, the organs were inspected macroscopically. The mass coefficients of heart, kidneys, liver, spleen and thymus were calculated. The pathomorphological evaluation was performed for internal organs. The results of the study demonstrate that the treatment with L-asparaginase Was79 did not produce any changes in body weight, hematology, blood biochemical or urinary parameters. Hematological, renal, gastrointestinal, and pancreatic toxicity of L-asparaginase have been documented only by microscopic pathology observation. Liver toxicity, revealed in the histopathological findings, was supported by the results of clinical chemistry. Marked elevation of ALT and alkaline phosphatase in serum was found in both treated groups. Most of these abnormalities were reversible and dose-dependent.

scholarly journals Effects of different feeding regimens with protease supplementation on growth, amino acid digestibility, economic efficiency, blood biochemical parameters, and intestinal histology in broiler chickens

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shimaa A. Amer ◽  
Rasha R. Beheiry ◽  
Doaa M. Abdel Fattah ◽  
Elshimaa M. Roushdy ◽  
Fardos A. M. Hassan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Intestinal Histology ◽  
Blood Biochemical ◽  
Low Protein

Abstract Background This study was conducted to estimate the impacts of using varied feeding regimens with or without protease supplementation on the growth performance, apparent amino acid ileal digestibility (AID%), economic efficiency, intestinal histology, and blood biochemical parameters of broiler chickens. Three hundred one-day-old chicks (Ross 308 broiler) were randomly allotted to a 3 × 2 factorial design. The experimental design consisted of three feeding regimens; FR1: a recommended protein SBM diet, FR2: a low-protein SBM diet, and FR3: a low-protein diet with the inclusion of 5% DDGS and 5% SFM, with or without protease supplementation (250 mg/kg). Results Increased feed intake and feed conversion ratio were observed in the FR3 treatment during the starter stage and decreased body weight and body weight gain during the grower stage. However, there was no significant effect of the different feeding regimens, protease supplementation, or interaction on the overall performance. The economic value of diets also remained unaffected by the different feeding regimens, protease supplementation, or interaction. Protease supplementation resulted in lowering the AID% of tryptophan and leucine. Reduced AID% of methionine was evident in the FR2 + VE and FR3 − VE treatments. Histological findings substantiated the FR3 treatment mediated a decrease in the duodenal and jejunal villous height (VH), jejunal villous width (VW), and ileal VW, whereas, increase in the ileal crypt depth (CD). The FR2 + VE treatment reduced the VH:CD ratio in the duodenum. The duodenal CD and the jejunal goblet cell count were reduced as a consequence of protease supplementation. The FR3 + VE treatment documented a rise in duodenal CD, while an increase in the jejunal goblet cell count was observed in the FR3 − VE treatment. The FR3 treatment enhanced the IgM serum levels compared to the FR1 and FR2 treatments. IgM serum levels were also elevated following protease supplementation. FR3 + VE treatment increased IgM serum levels. The highest serum ALP was found in the FR3 treatment, whereas the lowest level was obtained in the FR2 treatment. Conclusion Low-protein SBM-based diets could be used without affecting the birds’ growth. Altered morphometric measures of the intestine and increased IgM and ALP levels indicated the low-protein SBM/DDGS-SFM diet-induced damage of the intestinal histoarchitecture and immune system of birds. These different diets and protease supplementation failed to affect economic efficiency positively.

scholarly journals HAEMATOLOGICAL AND BLOOD BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS OF PRE - AND POST LAMBING PERIODS FOR IRAQI NUAEMIE EWES

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 941-948
Author(s):  
Awad & et al.
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cells ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Physiological Status ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Blood Biochemical ◽  
Post Partum Period ◽  
Biochemical Assessment

The present study designed  to investigate the hematological and blood biochemical changes in pre and post lambing periods in Iraqi Nuaemie ewes. Ten Nuaemie ewes weighed 35-45 kg and aged between 2-3 years were reared in animal's house of Veterinary College / Tikrit University from October-2018 to March-2019, Ten ml of blood samples were collected from each animal during the periods of last gestation month, at lambing and 2 weeks thereafter, Two and half ml of blood samples were collected in EDTA- containing tubes to determine the hematological parameters and the remaining was used to separate serum and stored at -20 °c for blood biochemical assessment. The results   revealed decreased in total red blood cells, haemoglobin and packed cell volume during post lambing period. The total white blood cells count and neutrophils were decreased during the post-partum period, while the lymphocyte was decreased at the day of lambing (50±5.8%). The biochemical parameters exhibited lesser total protein concentrations at the day of lambing (6.5± 1.85 g/dl ) while greater glucose, cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations during post-partum period. The concentration of urea and creatinine increased during the pre-partum period whereas, LDL and HDL concentrations increased in post- lambing period. The minerals concentrations revealed lesser concentrations of Zink and iron during the post-partum period while, copper concentration was greater during similar period. In conclusion, the physiological status of animals have clearly effects on the haematological and biochemical parameters in Iraqi Nuaemie ewes.  

scholarly journals Fortified S-Allyl L-Cysteine: Animal Safety, Effect on Retinal Ischemia, and Role of Wnt in the Underlying Therapeutic Mechanism

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Windsor Wen-Jin Chao ◽  
Yu-Kuang Chen ◽  
Howard Wen-Haur Chao ◽  
Wynn Hwai-Tzong Pan ◽  
Hsiao-Ming Chao
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Retinal Ischemia ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Retrograde Labelling ◽  
Blood Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Blood Biochemical ◽  
Animal Safety

Purpose. Retinal ischemia is a medical condition associated with numerous retinal vascular disorders, such as age-related macular degeneration, glaucoma, and diabetic retinopathy. This in vitro cell and in vivo animal study investigated not only the protective effect of S-allyl L-cysteine (SAC, an active component of garlic) against retinal ischemia but also its associated protective mechanisms. Methods. Retinal ischemia was mimicked by raising the intraocular pressure to 120 mmHg for 1 hour in one eye. The effects of pre-/postischemic administration of vehicle vs. SAC 0.18 mg vs. SAC 0.018 mg vs. SAC 0.0018 mg treatments on retina cells were evaluated through cellular viability (MTT assay), flash electroretinograms (ERGs), and fluorogold retrograde labelling (retinal ganglion cell (RGC) counting). Also, protein immunoblot was utilized to assess the role of Wnt, hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-1α, and vascular endothelium factor (VEGF) in the proposed anti-ischemic mechanism. Lastly, the safety of drug consumption was investigated for changes in the animal’s body weight, ERG waves, and blood biochemical parameters (e.g., glucose levels). Results. The characteristic ischemic changes including significant reduction in ERG b-wave ratio and RGC number were significantly counteracted by pre- and postischemic low dose of SAC. Additionally, ischemia-induced overexpression of Wnt/HIF-1α/VEGF protein was ameliorated significantly by preischemic low dose of SAC. In terms of the animal safety, no significant body weight and electrophysiological differences were observed among defined different concentrations of SAC without following ischemia. In low SAC dosage and vehicle groups, various blood biochemical parameters were normal; however, high and medium concentrations of SAC significantly lowered the levels of uric acid, Hb, and MCHC. Conclusion. This study shows that preischemic administration of low SAC dosage has been proved to be safe and most effective against rat retinal ischemia electrophysiologically and/or histopathologically. Moreover, counteracting the ischemia-induced overexpression of Wnt/HIF-1α/VEGF might presently explain SAC’s anti-ischemic mechanism.

ACUTE AND SUBACUTE TOXICITY STUDIES OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF MIRABILIS JALAPA LINN IN WISTAR ALBINO RATS

2021 ◽  
pp. 80-85
Author(s):  
SENTHIL KUMARI C ◽  
DHANASEKHAR KESAVELU
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Subacute Toxicity ◽  
Toxicity Studies ◽  
Mirabilis Jalapa

Objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate the toxicological potential of the ethanolic extract of leaves of Mirabilis jalapa linn through acute and subacute toxicity studies in albino Wistar rats. Methods: For acute toxicity studies, the ethanolic extract of M. jalapa was given up to 2000 mg/kg and then the animals were observed for 14 days to find out any adverse effect or death. For sub-acute toxicity studies, the exact was given for 28 days and the following parameters were observed such as changes in body weight, food intake, water intake, hematological parameters, biochemical parameters, lipid profile, urine analysis, and histopathological studies were undertaken. Results: Single oral administration of 2000 mg/kg of the ethanolic extract of M. jalapa produced no mortality or signs of toxicity. During subacute toxicity there were no changes in body weight, food intake and water intake were observed. There were no changes in lipid profile, hematological parameters, and biochemical parameters. In histopathological changes, there were no structural changes in treated groups when compared to control. Conclusion: The leaves of ethanolic extract of M. jalapa is safe when administered for 28 days. There were no deaths or signs of toxicity in treated rats during acute toxicity studies and subacute toxicity studies.

scholarly journals Experimental evaluation of toxic properties of LCTA-2034 by the oral routeof administration

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 81-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. I. Treschalin ◽  
I. D. Treschalin ◽  
V. A. Golibrodo ◽  
A. E. Shchekotikhin ◽  
E. R. Pereverzeva
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Therapeutic Dose ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Relative Weight ◽  
Oral Route ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Blood Biochemical

Introduction.New antitumor multitarget drug LCTA-2034, obtained in Gause Institute of New Antibiotics, has demonstrated high activity against prognostically significant transplantable mice tumors by the oral application.Objective.To investigate the toxicological properties of LCTA-2034 by the oral route of administration on rats.Materials and methods.Toxicological study of LCTA-2034 was performed on 30 male Wistar rats. Drug substance dissolved in potable water. 2 % solution was administrated per os at the 1 and 5 therapeutic dose (15 × 20 mg/kg or 15 × 100 mg/kg with 24-h interval). During the study dynamics of body weight, hematological parameters, blood biochemical parameters, electrocardiography and urinalysis were performed for all animals. Five animals in each group were sacrificed 1 and 30 days post treatment. The internal organs were subjected to histological evaluation.Results.The results of the study demonstrate that the treatment with low dose of LCTA-2034 does not produce any changes in majority of examined clinical-laboratory parameters with the exception of urinalysis revealed hematuria on day 1 post treatment. Microscopic pathology observation showed structure abnormalities of varying severity in liver, kidneys, heart, stomach, jejunum, ileum, spleen and thymus. Administration of high dose of LCTA-2034 caused mortality of 2 rats in group. The rest of the rats were observed a body weight lag, decrease of total leukocyte and erythrocyte count, hemoglobin and hematocrit level, relative weight of the thymus. Erythrocytes and nitrates were found in urine both on day 1 and on day 30 post treatment. In groups treated with high dose of the drug in addition to the listed above organs damage of the structure of lymph nodes, pancreas, ileum and brain was detected. Conclusion. Revealed toxic properties of LCTA-2034 depended on dose. Multiple administration of 1 therapeutic dose of the drug produces transient toxic effects completely reversible within 30 days. 

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