scholarly journals Antibacterial Properties of Citrus limon and Pineapple Extracts on Oral Pathogenic Bacteria (Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sanguis)

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 99-103
Author(s):  
Mehdi Goudarzi ◽  
Masoumeh Mehdipour ◽  
Bahareh Hajikhani ◽  
Sadegh Sadeghinejad ◽  
Batool Sadeghi-Nejad
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Citrus Limon ◽  
Antibacterial Effects ◽  
Streptococcus Sanguis ◽  
Pineapple Peel ◽  
Pineapple Fruit

Background: Micro-organisms resistant to most of the commercial antibiotics are rapidly expanding and there is an urgent need for detection of novel antimicrobial compounds. Tooth decay is a dental infection with bacterial sources such as Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sanguis. Objectives: The present study aimed to evaluate the in vitro antibacterial effects of different concentrations of Citrus limon peel, pineapple fruit, and pineapple peel extracts on oral pathogens such as S. mutants and S. sanguis. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, the hydroethanolic extracts of the selected plants were prepared by maceration method and their antibacterial effects were evaluated by agar well diffusion method. Results: Two-fold dilutions of plant extract solutions were tested to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) against each selected microorganism. The results of the current study revealed that pineapple peel extracts had the highest antibacterial effect on S. sanguis (MIC: 1.56 mg/mL and MBC: 3.12 mg/mL). Pineapple fruit had the lowest antibacterial activity against S. mutans (MIC: 25 mg/mL and MBC: 100 mg/mL). C. limon peel had significant antibacterial activity against S. mutans and S. sanguis. Conclusion: The peel of C. limon and pineapple had significant antibacterial activity against cariogenic microorganisms such as S. mutans and S. sanguinis.

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activity of Liverworts of Dumortiera hirsute (Sw.) Nees Ethyl Acetate Extract Against Pathogenic Bacteria

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Luthfiah Luthfiah ◽  
Dwi Setyati ◽  
Sattya Arimurti
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Agar Well Diffusion Method

Dumortiera hirsuta is one of the liverworts that can be used as a medicinal to prevent infection by pathogenic bacteria. The content of secondary metabolites of D. hirsuta has potential as antibacterial properties includes flavonoids, alkaloids and steroids. This research is to analyze the antibacterial activity of moss D. hirsuta against pathogenic bacteria that will be beneficial to humans. Liverworts of D. hirsuta were extracted using ethyl acetate solvent and tested against three types of pathogenic bacteria using the agar well-diffusion method. The results of this study indicated that the ethyl acetate extract of D. hirsuta at 100% concentration could inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Salmonella typhi bacteria. The range of antibacterial activity categories of the ethyl acetate extract of D. hirsuta to E. coli, S. aureus, and S. typhi between weak to moderate.

scholarly journals IN VITRO ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF SOME ESSENTIAL OILS AGAINST BACTERIAL PATHOGENS CAUSING SKIN DISEASES IN VAPOR PHASE

2019 ◽  
pp. 113-115
Author(s):  
PURIT PATTANAPANIT ◽  
SUNISA MITHONGLANG ◽  
SUNITA MITHONGLANG ◽  
SURACHAI TECHAOEI
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Syzygium Aromaticum ◽  
Aromatic Plants ◽  
Volatile Oils

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of volatile oils from aromatic plants against pathogenic bacteria.Methods: Thai aromatic plants such as Pogostemon cablin (Blanco) Benth (Patchouli oil), Cymbopogon nardus Rendle (Citronella grass oil), Pelargoniumroseum (Geranium oil), Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merrill and Perry (clove oil), Cinnamomum spp.(cinnamon oil), and Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf.(lemongrass oil) were selected. Essential oils were obtained by water distillation and were stored at 4°C until use. Five human pathogenic bacteria wereobtained from Thai traditional Medicine College, Rajamangala University of Technology, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcusaureus, methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The antibacterial activity of volatile oils was determined by disc-diffusionassay. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of each essential oil were determined.Results: Our study showed that 10% of essential oil from Cinnamomum spp. was the most potential against S. aureus, MRSA, and E. coli when assayedby disc-diffusion method with inhibition zones ranging from 37.66±0.57 to 45.33±1.15 mm and from 29.33±0.57 to 36.00±1.00 for lemongrass oilwith MIC and MBC of 1.25%.Conclusion: From this study, it can be concluded that some essential oils have potential antibacterial activity. The present investigation providessupport to the antibacterial properties of essential oils and will be applied to health-care product as aroma antibacterial products.

scholarly journals Identification and Antibacterial Characterization of Endophytic Fungi from Artemisia sieberi

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Ibtisam Mohammed Ababutain ◽  
Sahar Khamees Aldosary ◽  
Amal Abdulaziz Aljuraifani ◽  
Azzah Ibrahim Alghamdi ◽  
Amira Hassan Alabdalall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Molecular Identification ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Artemisia Sieberi

Endophytic fungi serve as a reservoir for important secondary metabolites. The current study focused on the antibacterial properties of endophytic fungi isolated from Artemisia sieberi. Initially, six endophytic fungi were isolated and purified from the stem of A. sieberi. Endophytic fungi were identified by morphological characteristics, as well as by molecular identification using 18S rRNA gene sequencing method. All the six isolates were subjected to the preliminary screening for their antibacterial activity against nine important pathogenic bacteria using the disk-diffusion method. Crude extracts of the most active isolate were obtained using ethyl acetate. Antibacterial activity of the ethyl acetate extract was evaluated using well diffusion method on the selected isolate. The antibacterial efficiency of the selected isolate was evaluated by determining the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC). MIC values were in appreciable quantity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria ranging from 3.125 to 6.25 µg/mL and 12.5 to 50 µg/mL, respectively. This result indicated that Gram-positive bacteria were more susceptible to the endophytic fungi extract. Moreover, the molecular identification results revealed that all the isolates belong to Ascomycota and represented Aspergillus and Penicillium genera and three species: A. oryzae (three isolates), A. niger (one isolate), and P. chrysogenum (two isolates). All six endophytic fungi were able to inhibit the growth of at least two of the tested bacteria. Among the isolated strains, isolate AS2, which identified as P. chrysogenum, exhibited the highest antibacterial activity against all nine tested bacteria and was higher than or equal to the positive control against most of the tested bacteria. Future studies are required to isolate and identify these bioactive substances, which can be considered as a potential source for the synthesis of new antibacterial drugs to treat infectious diseases.

scholarly journals The Toxicity and Antibacterial Properties of Calamus ornatus Bl. Rattan Fruit

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 350
Author(s):  
Heriad Daud Salusu ◽  
Ernita Obeth ◽  
Abdul Rasyid Zarta ◽  
Eva Nurmarini ◽  
Hamka Nurkaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Low Toxicity ◽  
Fruit Pericarp ◽  
Toxicity Level

Calamus ornatus Bl., locally known as rotan mantang or rotan seuti is one of the commercial rattan species growing in the forests of East Borneo. Its fruit is edible, like the fruits of other species of rattan, and it has been used by the local people as traditional medicine to treat stomachache or toothache. Until recently, there has not been any study investigating the benefits of the fruit for medicinal or other purposes. This research aimed to discover the bio-activity potentials of Calamus ornatus Bl. fruits by identifying its toxicity level and antibacterial potentials. The parts of the fruit (pericarp, flesh, and seed) were extracted using ethanol as solvent to extract samples. The toxicity was analyzed by using the Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) method while the antibacterial activity was tested using a well diffusion method. Low toxicity was found in the flesh, whereas the pericarp and the seed were non-toxic. Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli was found in the pericarp and the seed, while antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mutans was found in the pericarp and the flesh.

scholarly journals Antibacterial Effects of Capparis decidua Fruit Mediated Selenium Nanoparticles

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (40) ◽  
pp. 2947-2950
Author(s):  
Shabbarish Chockalingam ◽  
Preetha S ◽  
Jeevitha M ◽  
Lavanya Pratap
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Enterococcus Faecalis ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
The Body ◽  
Selenium Nanoparticles ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Antibacterial Effects ◽  
High Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Capparis Decidua

BACKGROUND Capparis decidua and Selenium have several antibacterial properties along with other highly desirable properties, but for long they have not been explored. Nanoparticles are efficient in transporting drugs as they are easily absorbed by the body due to their small size. We wanted to evaluate the antibacterial activity of Capparis decidua mediated selenium nanoparticles against Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacillus, and Enterococcus faecalis. METHODS 4 wells were dug in three Petri dishes of Agar which were coated with a layer of bacteria, Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacillus and Enterococcus faecalis. The wells were filled with different amounts of the extract in the order of 50 µL, 100 µL and 150 µL with the fourth well having 50 µL of the antibiotic. Zone of inhibition was measured. RESULTS After the measurements were made, the results obtained showed good zone of inhibition against Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacillus and Enterococcus faecalis. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that Capparis decidua fruit mediated with Selenium Nanoparticles have a high antibacterial activity. KEY WORDS Antibacterial Effects, Capparis decidua, Selenium, Nanoparticles

scholarly journals ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF THE MEDICINAL PLANT, ACALYPHA FRUTICOSA FORSSK.

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-74
Author(s):  
Thambiraj J
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Root Extracts ◽  
Bacterium Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Bacterium Bacillus

The present study is to confirm the antibacterial efficacy of root extracts of the folklore medicinal plant species, Acalypha fruticosa by using three alcoholic solvents viz; petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and methanol were tested against ten human pathogenic bacteria viz., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, P. stutzeri,Escherichia coli, Micrococcus sp., Lactobacillus sp., Servatia sp., Moraxetta sp., Bacillus subtilis, B. thuriengensis, and Klebsiella pneumoniae for assessing the antibacterial properties by adapting disc diffusion method. The results of the study revealed that all extracts showed varied degree of antibacterial activity against the tested pathogens. However, the methanol extract exhibited higher inhibition zone (21.83 mm) against the bacterium, Bacillus subtilis. This result supports the therapeutic importance of the species, Acalypha fruticosa in curing infectious diseases and encourages the extensive use of this species in health carepractices.

scholarly journals AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI AIR PERASAN DAN REBUSAN DAUN CALINCING (Oxalis corniculata L.) TERHADAP Streptococcus mutans

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ni Luh Arisa Prahastuti Winastri ◽  
Handa Muliasari ◽  
Ernin Hidayati
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Inhibitory Zone ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Strong Growth

Inappropriate use of antibiotics can cause bacteria to become resistant and have side effects, therefore an alternative source of antibacterial is needed. One species of plant that has antibacterial properties is calincing (Oxalis corniculata L.). Antibacterial activities of the juice and decoction of calincing leaves against Streptococcus mutans have not reported yet. This study aims to determine the antibacterial activity of the juice and decoction of calincing leaves against Streptococcus mutans. This study uses a well diffusion method with eight treatment groups, namely juice and decoction at the concentrations of 20%, 40%, 60%; listerin 100% as a positive control, and distilled water as a negative control. The diameter of the inhibitory zone of the juice and decoction of calincing leaf at a concentration of 20% are 19 mm and 24.33 mm respectively, and classified as strong growth inhibition, while the concentrations of 40% and 60% are classified as very strong growth inhibition. Growth inhibition of the juice and decoction of calincing leaf at concentration of 20% was significantly higher than the positive control. The best antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mutans is produced by the juice and decoction of calincing leaf at concentration of 60%. Increasing in the concentration of the juice or decoction of calincing leaf also increases the diameter of the inhibitory zone.   

scholarly journals The Antibacterial Activity and Phytochemical Compounds of Citrus grandis Extract Against Human Infective Bacteria

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mostafa Alamholo ◽  
Mohaddeseh Shojaemehr
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industry ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Total Phenol Content ◽  
White Skin ◽  
Phytochemical Compounds

Background: With the presence of secondary metabolites that have antimicrobial properties and bacterial resistance against antibiotics, medicinal plants have attracted the attention of researchers in the pharmaceutical industry. Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the antibacterial and antioxidant activity and phytochemical compounds of Citrus grandis extract against human infection bacteria in-vitro. Methods: Samples of Citrus grandis were collected from the north of Iran and assessed in terms of the antibacterial activity, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) using the agar well diffusion method. In addition, the anti-radical activity was determined by DPPH, total phenols were measured using the Folin-Ciocalteu method, and flavonoids were determined using aluminum chloride. The presence of alkaloid, saponin, and tannin was also investigated. Data analysis was performed in SPSS. Results: The colored and white skin methanol extract of C. grandis indicated more significant inhibitory effects on Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, and Micrococcus luteus. The total phenol content of the colored and white skin was estimated at 79.71 and 71.63 mgGA/g, and the flavonoid level was determined to be 3.63 and 4.06 mgQ/g, respectively. The IC50 of the colored and white skin methanol extract and ascorbic acid were estimated at 0.1251, 0.1376, and 0.1095 mg.mL-1, respectively. The methanol extract of the colored skin showed the presence of alkaloid, while the white skin showed the presence of alkaloid and saponin. Conclusions: According to the results, the C. grandis extract had antioxidant and antibacterial properties due to the presence of secondary metabolites. Therefore, it is recommended that natural and rare drugs be produced to control pathogenic bacteria in the pharmaceutical industry.

scholarly journals Biosynthesis of Manganese Nanoparticles (MnNPs) from Brassica oleraceae (Cabbage leaves) and its Antibacterial Activity

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Sharmila Pradhan Amatya ◽  
Santu Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Reducing Agent ◽  
Water Remediation ◽  
Promising Material ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Oxidation Reactions ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Manganese Nanoparticles

Manganese nanoparticles are promising material for various applications such as water remediation, catalytic oxidation reactions, bio sensors, etc for their superior adsorbing, electrochemical, catalytic, magnetic, supercapactive like properties additionally, MnNPs possess significant medicinal values, hence, this research aims at synthesizing MnNPs biogenically, characterize them to explore antibacterial activity. Aqueous cabbage extract was allowed to react with precursor KMnO4 solution to synthesize the MnNPs. Then, MnNPs were characterized by: visual observation, UV-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis), X-ray diffraction (XRD), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDX). Finally, agarwell diffusion was employed to study antibacterial activity against human pathogenic bacteria: staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and salmonella typhi. Turning of purple color solution to reddish brown after stirring was the indication of the formation of nanoparticles. The formation of MnNPs was confirmed by appearance of sharp peak at 420 nm, the assigned band for MnNPs and the energy absorption band at 6 keV in EDX spectrum. Diffraction pattern of MnNPs revealed polycrystalline type with crystallite size of 10.70 nm. FT-IR result showed the chief biomolecules: flavoniods, alkaloids, proteins present in the extract which acts as reducing agent. FE-SEM confirmed the formation of spherical and ellipsoidal shaped agglomerated MnNPs. Agarwell diffusion method showed zone of inhibition (ZOI) of range 10-13 mm with (gram + ve and gram –ve) bacteria. Cabbage mediated biosynthesis of MnNPs is found simple, ecofriendly. This work revealed the formation of agglomerated MnNPs confirmed from uv-vis spectra and FE-SEM. Chief biomolecules of the extract act as reducing agent and stabilizing agent. Results of agarwell diffusion method depicted MnNPs are promising material for its antibacterial properties.

Bioenhancing Effect of Cow Urine Distillate and Pepper Extract on Antibacterial Activity of Azadirachta Indica Leaves

1970 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 3212-3214
Author(s):  
Pramod Dhakal ◽  
Ankit a Achary ◽  
Vedamurthy Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Watery Diarrhea ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Drug Molecules ◽  
Cow Urine

Bioenhancers are drug facilitator which do not show the typical drug activity but in combination to enhance the activity of other molecule in several way including increase the bioavailability of drug across the membrane, potentiating the drug molecules by conformational interaction, acting as receptor for drug molecules and making target cell more receptive to drugs and promote and increase the bioactivity or bioavailability or the uptake of drugs in combination therapy. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the antibacterial and activity of combination in Azadirachta indica extract with cow urine distillate and pepper extract against common pathogenic bacteria, a causative agent of watery diarrhea. It has been found that Indian indigenous cow urine and its distillate also possess bioenhancing ability. Bioenhancing role of cow urine distillate (CUD) and pepper extract was investigated on antibacterial activity of ethanol extract of Azadirachta indica. Antibacterial activity of ethanol extract neem alone and in combination with CUD and pepper extract were determined the ATCC strains against Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and E-coli by cup plate diffusion method. Ethanol extract of neem has showed more effect on P. aeruginosa, E-coli than S. aureus and K. pneumonia with combination of CUD and pepper extract. CUD and pepper did not show any inhibition of test bacteria in low concentration. The antibacterial effect of combination of extract and CUD was higher than the inhibition caused by extract alone and is suggestive of the bioenhancing role of cow urine distillate and pepper. Moreover, inhibition of test bacteria was observed with less concentration of extract on combining with CUD

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