scholarly journals The Business Ethics of Kotagede’s Silver Entrepreneurs from the Kingdom to the Modern Era

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-156
Author(s):  
Muhammad Iqbal Birsyada ◽  
Septian Aji Permana
Keyword(s):  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
New Order ◽  
Colonial Era ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
Economic Progress ◽  
Old Order ◽  
The People ◽  
History Of ◽  
Modern Era

The silver business since the reign of Sri Sultan HB VIII has gained its position in driving the economic progress of Kotagede’s people. The silver industry, besides its economic values, is also a cultural asset of the people of Yogyakarta. From 1935-1938, there were more than 78 silver entrepreneurs with a total annual production of 25 tons of silver. This study aims to determine and to analyze the history of the silver business in Kotagede and the values inherited from the kingdom period to the modern era. This research used the historical method by describing data on the development of silver business in Kotagede in a descriptive, chronological manner combined with a phenomenological approach. This research shows the success of the silver industry in Kotagede from the kingdom to the colonial era. It is supported by the collective power of the craftsmen community and silver entrepreneurs. It was also encouraged by the local government which helped to open the silver market network both at national and international levels. During the old order until the new order, the role of business actors in each founder of the silver business in building marketing networks both nationally and internationally became one of the main factors in running the silver industry in Kotagede. Third, the ethics inherited include honest, patient, simple, clean, neat, conscientious, healthy intentions, innovative, hard work. Bisnis perak sejak era pemerintahan Sri Sultan HB VIII telah mendapatkan posisi tersendiri dalam mendorong kemajuan ekonomi masyarakat Kotagede. Industri perak selain bernilai ekonomis tinggi dan potensial di pasar domestik maupun mancanegara juga menjadi aset budaya masyarakat Yogyakarta. Sejak 1935- 1938 terdapat lebih dari 78 pengusaha perak dengan total produksi tiap tahun 25 ton perak. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui dan menganalisis sejarah perkembangan bisnis perak di Kotagede beserta nilai-nilai yang di wariskan dari era kerajaan sampai era modern. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode sejarah dengan memaparkan data-data perkembangan bisnis perak di Kotagede secara deskriptif, kronologis yang digabungkan dengan pendekatan fenomenologis. Penelitian ini menghasilkan beberapa temuan sebagai berikut. Pertama, kesuksesan perkembangan perak di Kotagede pada era kerajaan sampai kolonial selain ditopang oleh kekuatan kolektivitas komunitas pengrajin dan pengusaha perak juga didorong oleh pemerintah lokal yang membantu membuka jejaring pasar perak baik level nasional maupun internasional. Kedua, pada masa orde lama sampai orde baru peranan aktor-aktor bisnis pada masing-masing pendiri usaha perak dalam membangun jaringan pemasaran baik tingkat nasional maupun internasional menjadi salah satu faktor utama dalam menjalankan roda bisnis perak di Kotagede. Ketiga, etika yang diwariskan dalam bisnis perak diantaranya adalah: jujur, sabar, sederhana, bersih, rapi, teliti, niat kuat, inovatif, kerja keras. 

scholarly journals History of the Arrangement of Contempt of The President in Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Baiq Juli Nirtalina ◽  
Ade Sultan Mahmud ◽  
Adinda Mutia Gani ◽  
Dena Murdiawati
Keyword(s):  
Research Result ◽  
Vice President ◽  
New Order ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
Colonial Era ◽  
Old Order ◽  
Library Research ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Law

This research aimed to find out the existence history of the Article on the arrangement of contempt of the President or vice President in Indonesia from the old order (orde lama), new order (ordebaru) to reformation era. Type of this research is normative legal research under conceptual approach which studied literatures through library research. The collected materials were processed and analyzed qualitatively with deductive thinking method. Research result indicates that the regulation on contempt of the President and vice President in Orde Lama andOrdeBaru era were accordingly to the Dutch colonial era. The regulation was terminated in the reformation era through the decree of the Supreme Court No.013-022/PUU-IV/2006 since it considered contradict the constitution 1945 (UUD 1945). Furthermore, contempt of the President and vice President regulated under Article 207 KUHP or Article 310-312 in term of the President or vice President regarded as ordinary civilian excluded their privileges as the law and human rights guaranteed each citizen’s equation before the law.

scholarly journals Horizontalism in the implementation of land redistribution program in Cipari Cilacap Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 905 (1) ◽  
pp. 012123
Author(s):  
D D Saleh ◽  
A W E Mulyadi ◽  
N P Reressy ◽  
Junaidi ◽  
D W Pujiriyani
Keyword(s):  
Land Reform ◽  
New Order ◽  
Colonial Era ◽  
Land Redistribution ◽  
Old Order ◽  
State Actors ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Depth Interviews

Abstract This study explains the dynamics of non-state actors’ involvement in implementing a land redistribution program in Cipari, Cilacap, Indonesia. The urgency of this study is the massive involvement of non-state actors in the implementation of land redistribution programs while lacking analysis found for the dimension of horizontalism in the implementation of public policies, especially related to the land redistribution program as a part of land reform policy programs in Indonesia. This study focuses on the involvement of non-state actors, the role of Street-Level Bureaucrats (SLBs), and the relationship between SLBs and Local Farmers Organizations (LFO). This study implemented a qualitative approach with a case study strategy. The key informants consisted of village heads, village officials, LFO administrators, and administrators of LFO advocate organizations. We performed observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation reviews for data collection and implemented thematic data analysis. Three main findings include the non-state actors’ involvements since the colonial era (pre-independence), the old order, the new order, to post-reformation, the role of SLBs as state actors dominating the implementation of the land redistribution program, and the negotiation relationship between SLBs and LFO showing the SLBs as the winner.

Posisi Madrasah dan Pesantren dalam Politik Pendidikan di Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (01) ◽  
pp. 79-94
Author(s):  
Ade Suhendra
Keyword(s):  
Education System ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Boarding School ◽  
New Order ◽  
Colonial Era ◽  
National Education ◽  
Old Order ◽  
National Education System ◽  
Independence Era

This paper describe about how the position of madrasa and Islamic Boarding Shool on political education in Indonesia, from the development of the position of madrasa and Islamic Boarding School on Netherlands Colonial time, new order time (the start of Indonesia independence) till now. The role of madrassas and pesantren since the pre-independence era or the Dutch colonial era, the early period of independence (the Old Order), the New Order until now continues to experience significant development that is starting from the madrasa and boarding schools have not been included as part of the National Education System, until now it has become part from the National Education System.

scholarly journals Maladministrasi Birokrasi di Indonesia Dalam Perspektif Sejarah

Jurnal Niara ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-154
Author(s):  
Rodi Wahyudi
Keyword(s):  
Public Services ◽  
New Order ◽  
Employee Morale ◽  
Reform Era ◽  
Colonial Era ◽  
The People ◽  
History Of ◽  
Japanese Colonial ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Times

               Understanding the rational mindset, employee morale and governance behavior can be known through the historical roots of a nation. Their grip on administrative ethics and adherence to the code of public service ethics can be used as indicators of quality of service to the community. This paper aims to discuss the bureaucratic maladministration behavior in Indonesia in the historical approach. Analysis of scientific sources relating to history is the main method used in this paper. Researchers divided the history of bureaucratic maladministration into five epochs, namely the pre-colonial era, the Dutch colonial era, the Japanese colonial era, the Old Order era, the New Order era and the post-reform era. The results of the analysis of this study indicate that public administrators are more focused on serving the interests of the authorities rather than serving the people. The term bureaucracy used has indeed changed with the times, bureaucracy of priyayi and servants, bureaucracy of civil service, modern bureaucracy, but their behavior still serves the ruling regime. Even though post-reformation, there has been a change in legislation relating to public services, but at the level of bureaucratic maladministration behavior, it has still failed to overcome. Preventing bureaucratic maladministration behavior through planting and practicing religious teachings and social norms is a solution that can be done by the government so that the ideals of bureaucratic reform can be realized.   Keywords: maladministration, bureaucracy, administration, public services.

The Toolkit of Nationalist Populism in Contemporary Hungary: Symbols, Objects, and Modalities of Circulation

2021 ◽  
pp. 088832542095081
Author(s):  
Virág Molnár
Keyword(s):  
Political Communication ◽  
Far Right ◽  
Online Data ◽  
Everyday Objects ◽  
The People ◽  
Consumer Markets ◽  
History Of ◽  
Primary Focus ◽  
Material Circulation

This article belongs to the special cluster, “National, European, Transnational: Far-right activism in the 20th and 21st centuries”, guest edited by Agnieszka Pasieka. Research on populism attributes great significance to mapping the distinctive discursive logic of populist reasoning (e.g., the trope of pitting corrupt elites against the people). This article aims to move beyond the primary focus on discursive structures to stress the role of symbols, objects, and different modalities of circulation in the political communication of populist ideas, using the case of Hungary. By tracing the history of one of the key symbols of nationalist populism—the image of “Greater Hungary”—from its emergence in the interwar period to its present-day use, the article shows how the meanings and material forms this symbol assumed in political communication that evolved under different political regimes. The analysis builds on extensive archival, ethnographic, and online data to highlight how the diversity of material forms and the conduits through which this image circulated have contributed to its endurance as a key political symbol. Symbols, like the Greater Hungary image, condense complex historical narratives into a powerful sign that can be easily objectified, reproduced, and diffused. Today’s differentiated consumer markets provide convenient conduits for this kind of material circulation. These symbols carry meaning in and of themselves as signs, and once they are turned into everyday objects, they facilitate the normalization of radical politics by increasing their salience and broad visibility.

The Role of Religious Force in the Wukan Incident

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hou Yuxin
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Religious Beliefs ◽  
The Political ◽  
The People ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Media ◽  
Social Management ◽  
The Village

Abstract The Wukan Incident attracted extensive attention both in China and around the world, and has been interpreted from many different perspectives. In both the media and academia, the focus has very much been on the temporal level of the Incident. The political and legal dimensions, as well as the implications of the Incident in terms of human rights have all been pored over. However, what all of these discussions have overlooked is the role played by religious force during the Incident. The village of Wukan has a history of over four hundred years, and is deeply influenced by the religious beliefs of its people. Within both the system of religious beliefs and in everyday life in the village, the divine immortal Zhenxiu Xianweng and the religious rite of casting shengbei have a powerful influence. In times of peace, Xianweng and casting shengbei work to bestow good fortune, wealth and longevity on both the village itself, and the individuals who live there. During the Wukan Incident, they had a harmonizing influence, and helped to unify and protect the people. Looking at the specific roles played by religion throughout the Wukan Incident will not only enable us to develop a more meaningful understanding of the cultural nature and the complexity of the Incident itself, it will also enrich our understanding, on a divine level, of innovations in social management.

Japanese Modernization and the Emergence of New Fictwn in Early Twentieth Century China: A Study of Liang Qichao

1995 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 817-840 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroko Willcock
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Literature ◽  
Small Circle ◽  
Late Qing ◽  
The Qing Dynasty ◽  
Liang Qichao ◽  
The People ◽  
History Of ◽  
Chinese Intellectuals ◽  
Artistic Quality

Inspired by Japanese influences among others the late Qing period saw a great surge in the writing of fiction after 1900. The rate of growth was unprecedented in the history of Chinese literature. The great surge coincided with rapid socio-political changes that China underwent in the last fifteen years of the Qing Dynasty. At the psychological level, the humiliating defeat by Japan in 1895 gave rise to a feeling of urgency for reform among some progressively minded Chinese intellectuals. Those reformers came to view fiction as a powerful medium to further their reform causes and to arouse among the people the awareness of the changes they believed China most urgently required. Fiction was no longer considered as constituting insignificant and trivial writings. It was no longer the idle pastime of retired literati composed to entertain a small circle of their friends, or written by a discontented recluse to vent a personal grudge through a brush. The role of fiction came to be defined in relation to its utility as an influence on politics and society and its artistic quality was subordinated to such a definition.

Reflections on the Status and Direction of Psychology: An External Historical Perspective

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 244-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amedeo Giorgi
Keyword(s):  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
Gestalt Theory ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
The Status ◽  
History Of ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Aron Gurwitsch

Abstract Whenever one reads internal histories of psychology what is covered is the establishment of a lab by Wundt in 1879 as the initiating act and then the breakaway movements of the 20th Century are discussed: Behaviorism, Gestalt Theory, Psychoanalysis, and most recently the Cognitive revival. However, Aron Gurwitsch described a perspective noted by Cassirer and first developed by Malebranche, which dates the founding of psychology at the same time as that of physics in the 17th Century. This external perspective shows the dependency of psychology upon the concepts, methods and procedures of physics and the natural sciences in general up until the present time. Gurwitsch argues that this approach has blocked the growth of psychology and has assured its status as a minor science. He argued that the everyday Lifeworld achievements of subjectivity are the true subject matter of psychology and that a phenomenological approach to subjectivity could give psychology the authenticity it has been forever seeking but never finding as a naturalistic science. Some clarifying thoughts concerning this phenomenologically grounded psychology are offered, especially the role of desire. The assumption of an external perspective toward the history of psychology fostered the insights about psychology’s scientific role.

Illegal Construction in Hanoi and Hanoi's Wards

2004 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 337-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Koh
Keyword(s):  
State Power ◽  
The State ◽  
The People ◽  
The Face ◽  
History Of ◽  
State Boundaries ◽  
Urban Administration ◽  
Ability And Willingness

AbstractIn the drama of negotiation of state boundaries, the role of local administrators as mediators is indispensable. They mediate between state demands for more discipline and societal demands for more liberties. Their ability and willingness to enforce determines the extent of state power. They are a particular type of elites chosen by the state to administer; yet often they have an irrational and morally corrupt relationship with their subjects. The questions that arise then are: When do the local administrators decide to or not to enforce the rules? What considerations do they hold in the face of contradicting demands for their loyalties? This paper seeks answers to the above questions by examining state enforcement of its construction rules in Hanoi after 1975, in which the ward, a level of local administrators in the urban administration landscape, plays an important role in holding up (or letting down) the fences. I will examine the irrationality of the housing regime that led to widespread offences against construction rules, and then show why and how local administrators may or may not enforce rules. This paper comprises two parts. The first part outlines the nature and history of the housing regime in Vietnam and the situation of state provision of housing to the people. These provide the context in which illegal construction arises. Part Two looks at illegal construction in Hanoi chronologically, and focuses on important episodes. The theme that runs through this paper is the role of local administrators in the reality of illegal construction.

scholarly journals KEKRISTENAN DAN NASIONALISME DI INDONESIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-141
Author(s):  
Arthur Aritonang
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
New Order ◽  
Political Movement ◽  
History Of Christianity ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
Old Order ◽  
History Of ◽  
Monetary Crisis ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Over Time

“Kekristenan dan Nasionalisme di Indonesia” membahas mengenai sejarah kekristenan di Indonesia yang diasumsikan sebagai agama yang pro terhadap penjajah dari Barat namun asumsi itu tidak benar sebagai bukti ada banyak tokoh Kristen yang ikut memperjuangkan kemerdekaan Indonesia dengan didasarkan semangat nasionalisme. Kemudian pasca-kolonial Belanda kekristenan ingin menampilkan wajah baru yang sungguh-sungguh keindonesiaan dengan lahirnya organisasi DGI/PGI. Namun seiring waktu ketika berakhirnya era orde baru dan memasuki era reformasi, kekristenan dan masyarakat lainnya di Indonesia menghadapi arus gelombang yang mengatas-namakan agama yang pergerakannya cukup masif dibandingkan di era orde lama diantaranya: kelompok Islam fundamentalis yang ingin menjadikan NKRI bersyariat Islam, adanya gerakan politik transnasional HTI yang ingin menghidupkan kembali kejayaan Islam pada abad ke-6 dan faham Wahabisme yang sarat dengan kekerasan. Persoalan lainnya ialah adanya kemiskinan yang terstruktur akibat dari krisis moneter yang melanda di Indonesia tahun 1997. Melalui masalah ini, setiap agama-agama di Indonesia harus melakukan konvergensi atas dasar keprihatinan yang sama. Abstract: Christianity and Nationalism in Indonesia” discuss the history of Christianity in Indonesia, which is assumed to be a religion that is pro to Western colonialism. Still, this assumption is incorrect as evidence that many Christian figures fought for Indonesian independence based on the spirit of nationalism. Then post-colonial of Dutch, Christianity wanted to be presented a truly Indonesian face with the birth of the DGI / PGI organization. But over time when the end of the new order and entering the era of reform, Christianity and the other societies in Indonesia faced challenges in the name of religion whose movements were quite massive compared to the old order including fundamentalist Islamic groups who wanted to make the Republic of Syariat Muslim Indonesia, a transnational HTI political movement that wanted to revive the glory of Islam in the 6th century and the ideology of Wahhabism which is loaded with violence. Another problem is the existence of structured poverty due to the monetary crisis that hit Indonesia in 1997. Through this problem, every religion in Indonesia must converge on the basis of the same concerns.

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