scholarly journals The influence of special physical fitness of athletes on the level of technique of playing beach volleyball

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 364-373
Author(s):  
Valeriy Hunchenko ◽  
Oleksandr Solovey ◽  
Dmytro Solovey ◽  
Yaroslav Malojvan ◽  
Artem Yakovenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Annual Cycle ◽  
Physical Training ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Training Device ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Explosive Power ◽  
Competitive Activities

Background and Study Aim. Aim is to determine the influence of the components of special physical training on the effectiveness of certain elements of the game technique during the competitive activities of beach volleyball athletes. Material and methods. The study involved athletes (n = 20, age - 17-21 years, experience - 8-9 years), who are engaged in beach volleyball (Kherson, Ukraine). Experts (n = 5, work experience - over 20 years) from among the leading volleyball specialists were involved. Training sessions were conducted according to the author’s structure and content of special physical training (preparatory period of the annual cycle). The author's program was to increase the volume of athletic work by 10% (selective classes and integrated work) and 17% (complex classes). The classes used a developed special training device. The device is designed to practice practical game skills. The load at the first stage was 70-80% of the maximum. The load in the second stage was 80-90% of the maximum. Results. Significant (p <0.05) development of explosive power, speed and agility was revealed. There is a significant (p <0,05) increase: in the number of jump serve and spike; improving the quality/number of serve and attack; improving the quality of passing and the number of blocks. Conclusions. The proposed structure and content of special physical training and exercises on a special simulator have significantly increased the level of development of physical qualities. The athlete training program helped to improve the effectiveness of certain technical actions during competitive activities.

scholarly journals The Alteration of Young Boxers’ Athletic and Special Physical Fitness during the First Year of their Physical Training

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (67) ◽  
Author(s):  
Algirdas Čepulėnas ◽  
Vitalijus Subačius ◽  
Vidas Bružas ◽  
Pranas Mockus
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Athletic Training ◽  
Annual Cycle ◽  
Physical Training ◽  
The Body ◽  
Initial Training ◽  
One Year

The goal of this study was to analyze the alteration of young boxers’ athletic and special physical fitness during the annual cycle of their initial training. Research methods: literature review, experiment, testing, comparative analysis, and mathematical statistics. The sample consisted of 14 persons, who were training boxing for one year. The average age of the boxers was 14.9 ± 0.6 years. The duration of the experiment was 10 months (from September till June). The young boxers were training 1—1.5 hours 5 times per week according to the program which was made for them. The training program of one alternative was applied in the experiment. The initial training program contained 24.6% of athletic training, 27.6% of specialphysical training, 28.5% of technical training, and 19.3% of tactical training. The testing of the boxers was performed three times: the first testing was in October, the second one — in February, and the third one — in June. The following training means were used for the young boxers’ athletic training program: physical exercises on the special equipment, exercises with partner, exercises with weights (dumbbells), short distance running, point-to-point running, various jumps, throwing of the stuffed ball, various games. The main means for the young boxers’ special training were imitation exercises, exercises with a rope and lawn tennis balls, exercises at the boxing bags, straight and side thrusts to the boxing bag, defense exercises, thrust imitation using the dumbbells and the stuffed balls. During the annual cycle of the initial training there was a minor alteration in the indexes of the young boxers’ body composition: their height, body weight and Ketle index increased (p < 0.05), while the amount of the fat (%) within the body and the body weight index changed very little (p > 0.05). The strength of the sportsmen’s right hand palm was always bigger than the strength of the left hand palm. The boxers’ athletic and special physical fitness improved (p < 0.05) during one year of their initial training. The boxers’ speed, explosive strength, anaerobic glicolitic endurance, hand strength endurance and flexibility indexes increased significantly (p < 0.05). The strength of the single side thrusts with the front hand to the boxing bag increased from 106.3 ± 7.5 kg to 127.6 ± 8.15 kg (p < 0,05). The strength of the single thrusts with the straight hand increased from 135.2 ± 7.43 kg to 158.5 ± 6.74 kg (p < 0.05). The amount of the thrusts of the examined boxers during the period of 8 sec increased (p < 0.05) in each testing period and at the end of the experiment, the average amount of the boxers’ thrusts in 8 s was 43.5 ± 2.9. The training program, determined for one alternative experiment significantly improved the preparation of young boxers and did not harm their health. During the annual preparation cycle the athletic and special physical fitness of the boxers improved. The implementation of this experimental program made a positive influence on the alteration of the body composition indices of the young boxers.Keywords: athletic training, special physical training, boxing bag, energy input, total energy, total strength

scholarly journals Dynamics of special physical training of qualified MMA fighters during the preparatory period of the macrocycle when performing shock equipment

2021 ◽  
pp. 39-49
Author(s):  
G. Ogar ◽  
M. Olkhovsky
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Physical Training ◽  
Martial Arts ◽  
Total Force ◽  
Training Method ◽  
Mixed Martial Arts ◽  
Average Force ◽  
Preparatory Period ◽  
Experimental Training

Purpose: to determine the influence of the experimental training program for qualified mixed martial arts fighters of 18-19 years old on their special physical fitness when performing shock actions. Material and methods. The study involved seven athletes 18-19 years old (all athletes - KMSU) department of mixed martial arts ODYUSSH «Dinamovets» in Zhitomir. A training program for qualified junior mixed martial arts fighters was developed using interval and interval-circular training methods with a wide range of general, special and competitive training means. The training program is designed for 15 weeks (may 17 - august 27, 2021) in the preparatory period of the macrocycle, therefore its predominant focus was towards physical fitness. Research methods: analysis of scientific theoretical sources, conversations with specialists, pedagogical observations, pedagogical testing, methods of mathematical statistics. Results: the dynamics of special physical readiness of qualified fighters was investigated, under the influence of an experimental training program, when performing percussion technique. The study of the dynamics of special physical readiness when performing a series of punches with hands showed significant positive shifts in the total force of punches with hands during the execution of an 8-second series (t=3,02; p˂0.05) and a 40-second series of punches (t=7,69; p˂0,001). The result of the average force of strikes (t=2,21; p˂0,05) in a 40-second series of strikes also noticeably improved. The study of the dynamics of special physical readiness when performing a series of strikes with the dominant leg revealed positive changes in the total force of strikes in the 8-second (t=3,33; p˂0,01) and 40-second (t=5,39; p˂0,001) tests. The high-speed component of the striking technique did not undergo significant positive changes, although there is a tendency towards positive dynamics (p>0,05). Conclusions. It was determined that the introduction of an experimental training program into the educational and training process of 18-19 year old mixed martial arts fighters made it possible to improve the special physical fitness of the fighters when performing specific striking techniques. In five studied indicators, a significant positive trend was obtained, confirmed by mathematical calculations. Significant positive changes in the total strength in the series of punches with the hands and the dominant leg were determined both in the 8-second and in the 40-second tests (p˂0,05 - p˂0,001). We also found a significant positive dynamics in the average force of punches in the 40-second test (p˂0,05). Keywords: mixed martial arts, qualified fighters, special physical training; interval training method; Interval-circular training method; training aids.

scholarly journals EXPERIMENTAL VERIFICATION POWERLIFTER TRAINING PROGRAMS WITH DEFICIENCIES OF SIGHT AT THE SAVING STAGE HIGHER SPORTS SKILLS

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 155-164
Author(s):  
Mariya Roztorhuy ◽  
◽  
Alina Perederiy ◽  
Oleksandr Tolstonog ◽  
Igor Fostyak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Visually Impaired ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Visual Impairments ◽  
Adaptive Sports ◽  
Sports Skills ◽  
Competitive Activities ◽  
Positive Effect

Introduction. The specific focus of adaptive sports and nosological features of athletes make impossible to build the training of powerlifters with visual impairments by analogy with Olympic sports. The analysis of the available scientific knowledge the necessity of research of features of preparation of powerlifters with defects of sight of highly qualification is confirmed. It is assumed that the introduction of the author's training program in the training process of powerlifters will have a positive impact on improving the preparedness and effectiveness of competitive activities of visually impaired athletes. The aim of the study is to identify the effectiveness of the author's training program for powerlifters with visual impairments at the stage of maintaining higher sportsmanship. Research methods: analysis and generalization of data of scientific and methodical literature and information network Internet, pedagogical observation, pedagogical experiment and methods of mathematical statistics. The study involved 10 visually impaired athletes, members of the national powerlifting team. Results. As a result of the experiment it was found that the author's program of training powerlifters with visual impairments at the stage of maintaining higher sportsmanship, which is based on a differentiated approach to planning the components of exercise in exercise groups has a positive effect on fitness. The highest rates of increase in physical fitness were found in tests that determine the maximum manifestation of strength and flexibility. The introduction of the author's program had a positive impact on the performance of competitive activities of powerlifters with visual impairments. The results of athletes with visual impairments in squats, traction and the amount of triathlon in all subjects after the experiment are statistically different from those in these exercises before implementation. Conclusions. The analysis of the obtained results testifies to the high efficiency of the author's program in relation to the indicators of physical fitness and effectiveness of competitive activity of powerlifters with visual impairments. It is established that the author's program of training powerlifters with visual impairments at the stage of preserving sportsmanship allows not only to maintain a stable level of competitive performance, but also to attract reserve opportunities for athletes to maintain high sports results. Key words: power sports, blindness, training, preparedness, athlete.

scholarly journals P515 A 12-week tailored physical training program including dietary advice in children with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: a randomized crossover trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S493-S494
Author(s):  
L Scheffers ◽  
L E van den Berg ◽  
M W Pijnenburg ◽  
E M Utens ◽  
G C Dieleman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Lifestyle Intervention ◽  
Physical Training ◽  
Dietary Advice ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Intervention Period

Abstract Background Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract. Recently, physical activity has been suggested to improve the quality of life and course of disease in adult IBD patients. The aim of this study was to investigate physical functioning in paediatric IBD patients and to determine the effects of a tailored 12-week lifestyle intervention including a physical training program. Methods Figure 1 shows our study design and measurements. The tailored 12-week lifestyle intervention consisted of 3 strenuous physical training sessions a week and dietary advice. Effects on exercise capacity, endurance, physical activity levels, disease activity, quality of life, and fatigue were measured in paediatric IBD patients. Mild disease activity was defined as a PCDAI between 10 - 27.5 or PUCAI between 10 - 34. Results Sixteen paediatric IBD patients (median age 15 [9 - 17]) were included, 13 patients successfully completed the training program, 2 patients are still participating. At baseline, most patients had mild disease activity (n=9). Patients had reduced exercise capacity (76.8%±17.7% of predicted PeakVO2 , and reduced physical activity levels as shown by 80.3%±7.4% of measured time being spent in sedentary activity. PCDAI/PUCAI scores decreased significantly over the intervention period (13.8±11.7 vs. 3.65±4.5, P=0.002). Fecal calprotectin also decreased significantly (400 [18–3089] vs. 128 [20–2704], P=0.041). All patients but one had no changes in medical regimens before or during the lifestyle intervention that could have influenced disease activity. After the 12-week lifestyle intervention period, 9 out of 13 patients were in clinical remission. Maximum walked distance increased significantly (503±69 vs. 540±77 meters, P=0.001), although PeakVO2 and percentage of time spent in moderate-to-vigorous activity did not. Patients improved on overall quality of life measured by the Impact III questionnaire (+2.4 points, p=0.017). The Child Health Questionnaire showed a significant improvement on the child-reported physical functioning scale and on 5 parent-reported scales of quality of life. Child-reported fatigue measured by the PedsQol MFS did not improve significantly, parents-reported fatigue did. No changes were found on mentioned outcomes during the control period. After baseline measurements, the COVID-19 lock-down period started, possibly affecting normal daytime activities of the patients during the lifestyle intervention period. Conclusion A 12-week tailored physical training program including dietry advice is safe and beneficial for paediatric IBD patients and may contribute to better control of inflammation.

scholarly journals Personnel of the Penitentiary Courts in the USSR in 1944–56: Problems of Evolution

2021 ◽  
pp. 496-507
Author(s):  
Denis N. Shkarevsky ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Work Experience ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Potential Formation ◽  
Trained Staff ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
State Archives ◽  
First Time ◽  
Selection Of

The problem of existence of the camp (penitentiary) justice in the USSR remains practically unexplored. Neither has not been studied the development of its personnel. The article is to highlight the stages of the personnel potential formation of camp courts and to determine the significance of the elections of 1948–49 to the camp courts. The article is based on an analysis of previously unpublished documents stored in the State Archive of the Russian Federation and the Russian State Archives of Socio-Political History. The work is based on the use of historical, genetic, and systemic methods. For the first time, the dynamics of the development of personnel in the penitentiary justice has been revealed. There are two main stages. At the first stage, in 1944–48, the increase in formal indicators (legal education, age, work experience) was slow. The judges were selected and appointed by the People's Commissariat (Ministry) of Justice. The turning point was the election of judges of the penitentiary justice held in 1948–49. During the campaign, no more than 30% of staff by was renewed. Therefore, at the second stage, in 1949–54, the formal indicators of judges increased significantly. This, in its turn, influenced the quality of the hearings. In the early 1950s the formal indicators of the quality of the work of these bodies grew. By 1953 camp courts had higher formal cadre rates than people's courts. At the same time, the rates were lower than the indicators of supreme, regional, regional courts and other special courts. The new system for selection of personnel for penitentiary courts created new difficulties. For example, the Ministry of Justice was unable to make prompt appointments of judges on vacant positions. There was no consistent personnel reserve. Therefore, bypassing all existing norms, the practice of appointing trainee judges appeared. The sources of staff renewal in penitentiary courts remained stable during all studied period. These included other bodies of Soviet justice, such as people's courts, prosecution agencies. In penitentiary courts, the percentage of young staff with higher education was practically absent or insignificant. This ensured reception of trained staff, but led to a shortage of staff in donor bodies. Simultaneously with the election of judges of the camp courts in 1948–49, elections of people's assessors for these bodies took place. Among them, guards and camp workers predominated. Therefore, the camp courts were dependent on the penitentiary administration or were loyal to it.

scholarly journals Lower-Limb Explosive Power did not Improve during 8 Weeks of Integrative Military Physical Training

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
jizheng Ma ◽  
Fei HU ◽  
Qiang Nian HUANG ◽  
Wei JIA ◽  
Ming Chao DING ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Human Performance ◽  
Anaerobic Power ◽  
Load Carriage ◽  
Plyometric Training ◽  
Explosive Power ◽  
Before And After

Abstract Objective: Military populations require a range of physical capabilities to meet the demands of the military profession. It is not known whether a specific within-session balance of the core components of physical fitness provides more effective training adaptations. The purpose of this research was to determine the effects of combinations of high-intensity endurance training, resistance training, anaerobic training and plyometric training. Methods: Twenty-eight healthy young cadets participated in an 8-week training program. Training was performed 6 days per week. Testing occurred before and after the 8-week training regimen. The pre- and post-training measures included the basic physiological and performance levels.Results: Physiological indices, such heart rate, heart rate variability, anaerobic power and maximal oxygen uptake, responded positively to training (P < 0.05). The components of physical fitness, such as muscle maximal strength and endurance, 600 all-out effort, 5000-m run time and 18-km military load carriage, were also significantly improved (P > 0.05). However, the jump capacity did not significantly increase. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that during short-term integrative training, the lower-limb muscle maximal power did not improve. Given that many military tasks demand explosive (power) abilities, a switch to integrative training may have far greater consequences for transferring the benefits of the training program to military human performance.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF PHYSICAL TRAINING PROGRAM FOR CADETS IN US MILITARY ACADEMY WEST POINT

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (194) ◽  
pp. 190-195
Author(s):  
Ruslan Anatskyi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Education ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Physical Training ◽  
West Point ◽  
Fitness Testing ◽  
Military Academy ◽  
Us Military ◽  
The Us ◽  
Physical Fitness Testing

The article offers the analysis of the physical training Program for cadets in the US Military Academy West Point. Recently, Ukraine gained access to the best military experience of NATO. An important factor in strengthening the combat potential of the army is the future officers’ physical training. The analysis of the physical training Program for cadets in the US Military Academy West Point will allow the gradual implementation of NATO standards in higher military education in Ukraine. West Point accepts boys and girls, U.S. citizens, ages 17-22. Applicants are recommended to pass the camp Summer Leaders Experience. The governing body that organizes, implements and controls the entire process of physical education is the Department of Physical Education. The guiding document for the entire process of physical education is the physical training Program. The strategic goals laid down in the physical training Program are: cadet skills, teaching staff responsibilities, military skills, program implementation. The physical training Program consists of three sections: the physical education curriculum or "training course"; physical fitness testing; and participation in sports competitions. The first section in the Program has three main courses for cadets’ working: basic motor activities; basic fitness; and daily physical activity. The second section in the Program is regular physical fitness testing, it provides cadets the opportunity to demonstrate personal physical perfection and emphasizes the importance of physical fitness for a military profession. The third section in the Program is participation in competitions, it encourages each cadet during every semester to participate in competitions according to their own abilities and interests: team, club, Inter-academic. The physical education curriculum has four levels for cadets’ training. The transition to a new level is allowed only if a cadet meets all the standards from the previous level. The fourth level provides the development of self-confidence that gives cadets the opportunity to meet the requirements of the Academy and the army in physical training in the future. The third level ensures cadets’ development of basic competence in movement and water skills. The second level designs a final combat experience that is closely related to the Army combat program in the modern army. The first level provides the culmination in one of many cycles in cadet’s physical activity that is cadet’s physical movement throughout life.

Use of Running Exercises for Preschoolers with Mental Retardation as a Means of Improving Play or School Activity

1994 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 571-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tadashige Yamanaka ◽  
Takeshi Furuya ◽  
Masamitsu Shibagaki
Keyword(s):  
Mental Retardation ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Physical Training ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Nursery School ◽  
Handicapped Children ◽  
Interactive Behavior ◽  
Quality Of Movement ◽  
School Activity

Various physical training programs have been devised to achieve greater physical fitness for handicapped children who otherwise exercise insufficiently. Such training may also facilitate socializing and play at school. Running exercises were conducted with 4 handicapped preschoolers and 3 age-matched normal preschoolers for 3 30-min. sessions per week for 11 weeks. Measures were seconds taken to run 25 meters and ratings of play behavior. Analysis showed that children who reluctandy joined the exercise made little progress in running. The quality of movement and play activities in nursery school and interactive behavior improved significantly for participants who also improved in running.

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