Ion-Assisted Adhesion Treatments for MoS2-Metal Alloy Solid Lubricating Coatings

2002 ◽  
Vol 750 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Savan ◽  
Vladislav Spassov ◽  
Yvonne Gerbig ◽  
Henry Haefke ◽  
Frans Munnik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid Lubricant ◽  
Substrate Surface ◽  
Surface Preparation ◽  
Solid Lubricants ◽  
Scratch Test ◽  
Preparation Technique ◽  
Adhesion Layer ◽  
Functional Coating ◽  
Functional Layer ◽  
Sputter Etching

ABSTRACTAdhesion layers are well-known to significantly improve the lifetime of MoS2-based solid lubricants. Typically, adhesion layers are “optimized” based on a phenomenological tests and then their deposition parameters are held fixed while the functional coating is studied. Here we examine the adhesion layer itself, while holding an MoS2 layer constant. In particular, the critical interfaces between the adhesion layer and the substrate, and between the adhesion layer and functional coating are regarded. MoS2-metal solid lubricant is chosen as the functional layer because it is a relatively brittle material whose performance is significantly affected by the quality and type of adhesion treatments. Substrate surface sputter cleaning was done by cathodic arc evaporation with different arc energies and substrate bias voltages. In addition to sputter etching of any surface oxides or other contaminants, some level of shallow implantation might be expected. The more usual surface preparation technique of argon plasma sputter etching was also used for comparison. Chromium and titanium were tested as adhesion layer materials. The adhesion layer thickness and deposition pressure were varied. Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy (RBS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to analyze the adhesion layers and their interfaces with the substrates and with the MoS2-metal coatings. Ballon-disk tribometer sliding wear tests were made to assess changes in solid lubricant performance coming from variations in the adhesion layer. Scratch test characterizations were made to further evaluate adhesion layer performance.

Patterning of Hard Coatings for Incorporation of Solid Lubricant Microreservoirs

2007 ◽  
Vol 1054 ◽  
Author(s):  
Canan G Guleryuz ◽  
James Krzanowski
Keyword(s):  
Solid Lubricant ◽  
Substrate Surface ◽  
Solid Lubricants ◽  
Tribological Performance ◽  
Hard Coatings ◽  
Hard Coating ◽  
Conventional Photolithography ◽  
Pin On Disk ◽  
Disk Test ◽  
Microscopy Examination

ABSTRACTHard coatings containing microscopic reservoirs for solid lubricant storage have the potential to advance the development of dry, self-lubricating coatings. In the present study we have investigated several methods for fabricating hard coatings that incorporate microscopic reservoirs. These methods all involve the use of placeholders on the substrate surface that are later removed after deposition of the hard coating. One method uses a solution containing ceramic beads, while the second method uses conventional photolithography methods. Coatings using both of these methods were fabricated using TiN as the hard coating. The effectiveness of the microreservoirs for solid lubricant storage was examined by conducting pin-on-disk test using various solid lubricants, including graphite and indium. The performance of coatings with random arrangements of microreservoirs was scattered while samples with the ordered arrangements of microreservoirs all performed well. Optical microscopy examination of the wear tracks showed the microreservoirs were generally successful at trapping the graphite lubricant during wear. With a sufficient density and appropriate distribution of the microreservoirs, the significant improvements in tribological performance can be realized.

Sputter-Etching as a Surface Preparation Technique for Schottky Contacts

1998 ◽  
Vol 264-268 ◽  
pp. 821-824
Author(s):  
Shin Ichi Kinouchi ◽  
Hiroshi Sugimoto ◽  
Yoichiro Tarui ◽  
Kenichi Ohtsuka ◽  
Tetsuya Takami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Preparation ◽  
Schottky Contacts ◽  
Preparation Technique ◽  
Sputter Etching

Strength and Adhesion of Thin Aluminum Oxide Film Deposited on Iron Surface

1993 ◽  
Vol 115 (4) ◽  
pp. 615-619 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Nakanishi ◽  
H. Okuya ◽  
K. Nakajima
Keyword(s):  
Oxide Film ◽  
Aluminum Oxide ◽  
Substrate Surface ◽  
Iron Surface ◽  
Indentation Hardness ◽  
Aluminum Oxide Film ◽  
Thin Aluminum ◽  
Atomic Mixing ◽  
Scratch Tests ◽  
Sputter Etching

The strength of deposited film and the adhesion between the film and the substrate were investigated with deposited aluminum oxide film on iron surface by scratching the surface with a diamond cone. Two types of samples were examined, one with oxide film deposited after cleaning the substrate surface by sputter etching, the other with the film deposited without any sputter etching. It was found that a law similar to Meyers’ for indentation hardness holds between the load and scratch width on the sample examined. These results suggest that by analyzing the scratch data the adhesion strength of the film to the substrate can be estimated together with the hardness of the film itself. Analyses by EPMA (electron probe X-ray microanalyzer) and AES (Auger electron spectroscopy) were conducted to correlate the results obtained by the scratch tests and friction experiments, and it was confirmed that (i) adhesion is improved by sputter etching prior to the deposition of the film; (ii) adhesion decreases considerably due to the progress of oxidation in the vicinity of the interface, which depends markedly on the oxygen concentration in the oxide film; and (iii) there is an optimum thickness of the three-component layer (Fe, Al, and O) formed by atomic mixing at the interface for maximizing the adhesion.

scholarly journals Development of Highly Hydrogenated DLC Coatings for Solid Lubricant Applications in Space

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Vanhulsel ◽  
R. Jacobs ◽  
K. Van Acker ◽  
E. Roberts ◽  
F. Velasco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wear Rate ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Applied Load ◽  
Solid Lubricant ◽  
Solid Lubricants ◽  
Ambient Atmosphere ◽  
Test Environment ◽  
Load Range ◽  
Dlc Coatings ◽  
Aisi 52100 Steel

The development of advanced solid lubricants is of considerable importance to space tribology. The most common solid lubricant coatings today are based on MoS2, lead or PTFE. However, none of these coatings can simultaneously fulfill all specifications, with regard to friction and wear, under ambient atmosphere and in vacuum. Consequently research is currently being aimed at further improvements in advanced solid lubricant coatings. One approach is to optimize Diamond Like Carbon (DLC) coatings to meet the specifications. In this study, the feasibility of highly hydrogenated DLC coatings (∼ 50 at% hydrogen) for solid lubricant applications is assessed. The coatings were deposited on AISI 52100 steel substrates and tested in ball-on-disc tribometers in air, vacuum and dry nitrogen environments. It was found that the test environment has the most decisive effect on both friction and wear rate, while these parameters are only slightly affected by varying the applied load under a given atmosphere. It was concluded that highly hydrogenated DLC coatings are capable of yielding ultra-low friction values in vacuum (μ = 0.008). The average friction coefficient range obtained in humid air, dry nitrogen and vacuum for the range of applied loads were respectively 0.22 to 0.27, 0.02 to 0.03, and 0.007 to 0.013. Coating lifetime was over 100 000 cycles for the entire load range tested in air and nitrogen, but was affected by the applied load as far as tests in vacuum are considered. The specific wear rate was lower than 1×10–5 mm3 N-1 m-1 under all test conditions, which was considered favourable.

Do You Really Expect To Grow Epilayers On That? A Rationale For Growing Epilayers On Roughened Surfaces

2006 ◽  
Vol 911 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph John Sumakeris ◽  
Brett A. Hull ◽  
Michael J. O'Loughlin ◽  
S. Ha ◽  
Marek Skowronski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Basal Plane ◽  
Substrate Surface ◽  
Surface Preparation ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Optimal Process ◽  
Device Structure ◽  
Process Route ◽  
Basal Plane Dislocation ◽  
Vf Drift ◽  
Edge Dislocations

AbstractWe describe surface preparation and epilayer growth techniques that readily reduce the density of Vf drift inducing basal plane dislocations in epilayers to less than 10 cm-2 and permit the fabrication of bipolar SiC devices with very good Vf stability. The optimal process route requires etching the substrate surface prior to epilayer growth to enhance the natural conversion of basal plane dislocations into threading edge dislocations during epilayer growth. The surface of this relatively rough “conversion” epilayer is subsequently repolished prior to growing the device structure. We provide details on processing parameters and potential problems as well as describe devices produced using this low basal plane dislocation growth processes.

Influence of Surface Condition on the Bonding Strength of Thermal Sprayed Coatings

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.Yu. Ulianitsky ◽  
J.A. Nikolaev ◽  
T.P. Gavrilenko ◽  
M.C. Kim ◽  
J.W. Hong
Keyword(s):  
Bonding Strength ◽  
Substrate Surface ◽  
Surface Condition ◽  
Surface Preparation ◽  
Spray Coating ◽  
Thermal Spray Coating ◽  
Substrate Material ◽  
Detonation Spraying ◽  
Wide Scale ◽  
Detonation Gun

Abstract The role of surface roughness in coating adhesion mechanism is studying for detonation spraying. Roughness was produced by conventional grit blasting, D-gun blasting and was formed as a result of spraying of high-adhesive thin layer of detonation coating. Cermet and alloy powders were sprayed by detonation gun Ob. The coating bonding strength measurements show the WC+25Co adhesion to be above 200 MPa independently of a substrate surface preparation. Contrary, NiCrSiB coatings are very sensitive to surface conditions their adhesion varies from 180 MPa to zero. As-sprayed alloy particles fail in adherence because of insufficient energy to fuse substrate material at a flat surface. Only developed (wide scale) roughness may be fused partially by these particles for their bonding to the substrate. Otherwise, high heated cermet particles do not need special surface preparation (except cleaning) for fusion of substrate material to provide high bonding with it. The wide scale and ball shape roughness, which is similar to the self-reproduced coating roughness, provides the best conditions for the coating bonding and it is recommended as the purpose of surface treatment before thermal spray coating.

On-Line Control of Particle Spray Jet and Residual Stresses in Plasma Sprays

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Renault ◽  
M. Vardelle ◽  
A. Grimaud ◽  
P. Fauchais ◽  
H. Hoffman
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Substrate Temperature ◽  
Particle Velocity ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Substrate Surface ◽  
Surface Preparation ◽  
Ccd Camera ◽  
Powder Injection ◽  
Input Parameters ◽  
On Line

Abstract The quality of plasma sprayed coatings depends strongly on substrate surface preparation, especially roughness, grit residue, and oxidation stage; particle spray jet position and size relative to the plasma jet; impacting particle distribution; particle velocity, temperature, and size prior to impact; substrate temperature; and pass thickness. A simple and low-cost spray and deposit control system developed in our laboratory allows to monitor on-line the position, shape, and centroid of the hot particle spray jet. Such a tool has proved to be very sensitive to any drift in powder injection conditions and torch input parameters. Although it gives no direct information on particle velocity and temperature, this system can be easily implemented in an industrial environment and help to maintain constant the particle parameters during spraying. A CCD camera is used in conjunction with a pyrometer making it possible to measure simultaneously substrate temperature. The system can monitor coating parameters such as deposition efficiency and residual stresses. This paper describes how the system can be used to set the tolerance range of process input parameters to obtain coating parameters within given specifications.

Automation of calculations of cutting modes taking into account the wear of cubic boron nitride tools when applying solid lubricants

2021 ◽  
pp. 67-70
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Boron Nitride ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Solid Lubricant ◽  
Cubic Boron Nitride ◽  
High Speed Steel ◽  
Solid Lubricants ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Grinding Wheels ◽  
Ceramic Bond ◽  
Calculation System

The effect of a solid lubricant on the wear of cubic boron nitride grinding wheels on a ceramic bond of different hardness and grain size in the processing of high-speed steel is investigated. The dependences of the change in the wear of cubic boron nitride on the parameters of the processing mode are determined. An automated calculation system is proposed to control the consumption of cubic boron nitride grinding wheels in production conditions. Keywords: solid lubricant, grinding, high speed steel, cubic boron nitride grinding wheel, consumption, wear, grinding mode. [email protected]

Tribological and Corrosion Behavior of HVOF Sprayed Cr3C2-NiCr with Nickel Cladded Graphite and Hexagonal Boron Nitride

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Oechsner ◽  
T. Engler ◽  
H. Scheerer ◽  
Y. Joung ◽  
K. Bobzin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Boron Nitride ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Solid Lubricant ◽  
Hexagonal Boron Nitride ◽  
Solid Lubricants ◽  
Wear Behaviour ◽  
Wear Volume ◽  
Coating Microstructure ◽  
Sprayed Coatings

Abstract High-velocity oxyfuel (HVOF) sprayed coatings of Cr3C2-NiCr containing solid lubricants such as nickel cladded graphite and hexagonal boron nitride were successfully developed and characterised with the aim of optimizing their friction and wear behaviour. HVOF technology was used for the integration of solid lubricants to achieve strong cohesion between particles while minimizing thermal decomposition. Coating microstructure and composition were measured and correlated to the results of tribological and corrosion tests. The integration of the solid lubricant greatly reduced friction and wear volume at room temperature, but the lubricating effect was highly dependent on atmosphere and temperature. Cr3C2-NiCr with hBN, however, tends to exhibit more stable wear resistance over a wider temperature range and can be used at temperatures beyond 450 °C.

Tribological Behavior of Ni-Based Self-Lubricating Composites at Elevated Temperatures

2015 ◽  
pp. 72-106
Author(s):  
Jianliang Li ◽  
Dangsheng Xiong ◽  
Yongkun Qin ◽  
Rajnesh Tyagi
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Solid Lubricant ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Composite Coatings ◽  
Solid Lubricants ◽  
Friction And Wear Behavior ◽  
Nickel Base ◽  
Self Lubricating Composites

This chapter illustrates the effect of the addition of solid lubricants on the high temperature friction and wear behavior of Ni-based composites. Ni-based composites containing solid lubricant particles both in nano and micrometer range have been fabricated through powder metallurgy route. In order to explore the possible synergetic action of a combination of low and high temperature solid lubricant, nano or micro powders of two or more solid lubricants were added in the composites. This chapter introduces the fabrication of the Ni-based self-lubricating composites containing graphite and/or MoS2, Ag and/or rare earth, Ag and/or hBN as solid lubricants and their friction and wear behavior at room and elevated temperatures. The chapter also includes information on some lubricating composite coatings such as electro-deposited nickel-base coating containing graphite, MoS2, or BN and graphene and their tribological characteristics.

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