scholarly journals The assessment of social infrastructure development in the regions of Russian Federation from the standpoint of human capital reproduction

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Aitova
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Average Level ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Social Infrastructure ◽  
Time Period ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
High Level

The creation of a developed social infrastructure is one of the most important components in the formation and accumulation of human capital in the country. At the same time, the regions of the Russian Federation play a special role in this aspect. The main management decisions on the development of social infrastructure facilities in the territories are developed and adopted at the regional level. Today, there is a high level of differentiation of subjects in a variety of socio-economic indicators, including the main areas of social infrastructure. These areas include education, health, culture and sports, transport, housing, trade, etc. In this study, the author attempts to develop a methodology for forming a rating of regions based on data on the current state and dynamics of the main indicators of these areas in the regions. The main difference between the developed methodology is that it considers not only the current situation of the region in terms of social infrastructure, but also its development over the time period 2010–2018. The rating of the Federal subjects by the level of social infrastructure development was formed and presented based on the results of testing the methodology based on regional statistics. According to the analytical assessment of the rating, all regions of the Russian Federation can be divided into 4 groups: regions with high level, above average level, below average level and low levels of social infrastructure development. As a result, the author confirms the high level of differentiation of regions in this aspect of socio-economic development of the territory. This situation is largely determined by the financial capabilities of the subjects, the main directions of regional policy, geographical location, the state of the economic and social spheres, and others.

Issues of Typology of Municipal Infrastructure

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4-2) ◽  
pp. 291-310
Author(s):  
Tatyana Skripkina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Uneven Development ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Data Imputation ◽  
Training Samples ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
High Level ◽  
Multidimensional Statistics

The subject of this work is the uneven development of infrastructure in municipal districts of the Russian Federation. The article presents the author’s method of typology of municipalities by the level of infrastructure development, which allows overcoming the shortcomings of the information base of municipal statistics using the data imputation algorithm. The proposed approach solves the problem of weak population structure using a combination of four methods of multidimensional statistics (cluster analysis, factor analysis, metric multidimensional scaling and discriminant analysis) in the framework of a combination of variational and aggregate concepts of data typology. The idea of the considered method is that if an object falls into the same type as a result of applying different typology methods, then it is a stable representative (“core”) of this type. A set of such objects for each type is used as training samples for discriminant analysis, which allows you to typologize the remaining transition objects using mathematical tools. The methodology was tested on a set of municipal districts of the Russian Federation (in 2018). There are 4 types of municipal districts with high, satisfactory, insufficient and low level of infrastructure development. As of 2018, 89 (5.1%) municipal districts of the Russian Federation have a high level of infrastructure development, 308 (17.6%) – satisfactory, 570 (32.6%) – insufficient, 783 (44.7%) – low. The inverse relationship between the level of infrastructure development of municipal districts and the degree of urbanisation of the territory is shown: the largest number of districts with highly developed infrastructure is located in territories with a significant share of the rural population.

scholarly journals Socio-economic conditions for the development of human capital in rural areas

2020 ◽  
Vol 199 (8) ◽  
pp. 65-79
Author(s):  
Svetlana Golovina ◽  
I. Mikolaychik ◽  
L. Smirnova
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
The State ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Technical Equipment ◽  
Social Infrastructure ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Government

Abstract. Agricultural regions of the Russian Federation, whose strategic economic sector is agriculture, have significant opportunities for economic growth and development. They are highly important for ensuring the country's food security and depend significantly on the state of human capital of their rural territories. In this regard, the research objective of this study is to analyze the socio-economic conditions for the formation and development of human capital in rural areas of the Kurgan region (as a traditional agricultural region of the Ural Federal District and one of the ten depressed regions of the Russian Federation identified as such by the Government of the Russian Federation). Results. The article presents the results of assessing the level of development of the agricultural sector of the economy and the state of the social infrastructure of the region as the most important conditions for the formation of human capital accumulated within its territory. On the basis of theoretical generalizations, a rigorous analysis of statistical data, results of the surveys it was offered summarized information, indicating that (1) the economic conditions for the development of rural areas favor the formation and development of human capital of the required quality due to the current positive trends in the field of specialization of production, its technical equipment, technological innovation, stimulating state policy, (2) in the village there is a low level of development of social infrastructure, leading in turn low attractiveness of rural areas for highly professional, educated, creative professionals who are the basis of human capital in any field of activity. Scientific novelty. The results obtained in this research have theoretical novelty and practical value, including: 1) justification of the importance of creating a decent socio-economic environment for the development of remote territories; 2) conclusions confirming the need to provide special conditions for attracting unique specialists to rural areas; 3) arguments for stimulating convergence processes necessity in the levels of socio-economic development of all rural territories.

scholarly journals Applying social infrastructure development programs at the integrated development of territories in the Russian Federation

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 216-223
Author(s):  
M. S. Egorova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Analytical Data ◽  
Residential Development ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Development Programs ◽  
Social Infrastructure ◽  
Integrated Development ◽  
Construction Market ◽  
The Russian Federation

This article discusses the role of social infrastructure in the framework of integrated development of territories. Analytical data is provided on the volume of the construction market, both in the Russian Federation and within the limits of St. Petersburg. In addition, methods for solving the problem of the need to increase residential development in the context of a shortage of territories for the integrated construction of residential premises are considered. Examples are given illustrating the implementation of various programs for the construction of social infrastructure in various regions of the Russian Federation, and possible ways of interaction between developers and state authorities are outlined.

scholarly journals Human capital of the region as a factor of growth of its efficiency (on the example of Yaroslavl region)

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 632-642
Author(s):  
M. A. Snurnitsyna
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Special Role ◽  
The World ◽  
Important Direction ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
Scientific Ideas

Purpose: the main purpose of this article is to study human capital as a factor of its efficiency growth. To achieve this goal in the article it is necessary to solve the following tasks: to study the theory of human capital; to study the world and domestic practice of the effectiveness of the territories (subjects of the Russian Federation); analyze human capital and efficiency of the Yaroslavl region.Methods: this article is based on the analysis of statistical data on human capital in the regions of the Russian Federation, the analysis of statistical data on human capital in the countries of the world and the method of benchmarking (comparison of data on the effectiveness of the countries of the world and the human capital of the regions).Results: the most important direction of development of the regional economy is the development of human capital, knowledge management and digital economy. The success of solving these problems is possible when synchronizing at the micro, meso- and macro-levels. Macro- and meso-level strategy sets the vector of micro-level development, in turn, the micro-level is an indicator of the strategy implementation.Conclusions and Relevance: the materials presented in the article show the special role of human capital in the competitiveness of the territory. The research carried out in this article is the development of scientific ideas about modern methods of assessing the effectiveness of territories (subjects of the Russian Federation) in terms of human capital. The practical application of the results of the article will allow to assess the human capital of the regions, to compare the human capital of effective regions and outsiders, to identify weak and strong areas of the territory through which it is possible to influence the efficiency of the region.

scholarly journals “Blind Spots” of the Strategy of Spatial Development of Russia: Discussion of the Draft Strategy

2019 ◽  
pp. 42-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inna Mitrofanova ◽  
Victor Selyutin ◽  
Nikolay Ivanov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Large City ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Spatial Development ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
High Level ◽  
Blind Spots

The research papers of regionalist scientists of the 1990s pointed to the need to develop a long-term model of economic and humanitarian development of the territory of Russia, taking into account the changes of its place and role in the global economy and geopolitics after the collapse of the USSR. The federal government announced such a need after the financial crisis of 2008-2009, which revealed a number of serious regional disparities. The draft strategy for the spatial development of Russia until 2025 was developed by the Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation and was discussed throughout the second half of 2018. According to the opinion of the authors, the strategy is a doctrinal document of an extremely high level of generalization, which has a lot of “blind spots”. The following ones are the most important among them. The strategy lists problems of spatial development of the Russian Federation, but doesn’t mention the reasons for their occurrence; it gives no explanations regarding infrastructural limitations in social and economic development of the territories, doesn’t specify the criteria for identifying 14 macrozones and disregards the established principles and generally accepted scientific methods of zoning. The document doesn’t support the innovation of dividing regional specializations into efficient and inefficient ones with appropriate calculations and doesn’t show the issues of financing numerous expensive projects (sources, volumes, mechanisms). Besides, there is no objective understanding of infrastructure development projects, etc. The authors are doubtful about the method of calculating a number of indices proposed in the draft strategy, in particular, the method of calculating the urban development index designed to characterize the level of development of a large city with adjacent territories. The article presents a critical analysis of this technique. The authors have identified the regional features of the territories of the Southern Federal District which are not taken into account in the draft document. They suggest a more objective reflection of development prospects of the southern regions in the strategy as well.

scholarly journals SEA TRANSPORTATION AND LOGISTICS INFRASTRUCTURE IN THE CASPIAN REGION: PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS

2019 ◽  
pp. 64-70
Author(s):  
Ilya Aleksandrovich Volynskiy ◽  
Elena Prokofievna Karlina
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Caspian Region ◽  
The Caspian Sea ◽  
Marine Transportation ◽  
International Transport ◽  
Southern Russia ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Port Infrastructure

The paper focuses on the problems of intensive building international transport corridors bypassing Russia, accelerated growing of economic systems of China, India and, in the near future, Iran, which necessitate creating the competitive marine transportation and logistics infrastructure in the Caspian region, whose favorable geographical location makes for realizing the transit potential of cargo transportation across the territory of Southern Russia. Based on the study of modern approaches to the concept of logistics infrastructure, the content and object component of the maritime transport and logistics infrastructure have been clarified. It has been found that the letter of the Federal Customs Service No.21-50/39656 dated 21.08.2009 is the only regulating document specifying functions and main points of the logistics infrastructure in the Russian Federation. Special issues reflecting real state of the marine transportation and logistics infrastructure have been considered in terms of the Strategy of sea port infrastructure development up to 2030. The study of the place and role of the Caspian region in creating the international transport corridors “North-SOUTH”, the Chinese project “One zone, one road”, “East-West” has revealed the competitive advantages of Russian ports in the Caspian sea. Three of the twenty four operating sea ports on the Caspian seashore belong to the Russian Federation: port Astrakhan, port Olya, and port Makhachkala. The problems and prospects for the development of sea trade have been defined; the need to create the modern marine transportation and logistics infrastructure within the framework of unified transport and logistics policy in the Caspian region has been inferred.

A methodology for computing and assessing the transport accessibility index: The Russian Federation subjects case study

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 2410-2426
Author(s):  
A.N. Savrukov ◽  
N.T. Savrukov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Spatial Development ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Economic Agents ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Transport Accessibility ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
The Russian Federation

Subject. This article examines the set of economic relations and problems emerging within the spatial development of settlements and constituent entities of the Russian Federation. Objectives. The article aims to develop key indicators and methods for assessing transport accessibility, potential market capacity, taking into account socio-economic characteristics, geographical location and the level of connectivity of areas. Methods. For the study, we used the methods of economic, statistical analysis and synthesis, comparison, and the k-means method. Results. The article proposes a system of cost-benefit equations for economic agents, and criteria, and a methodology for assessing the Transport Accessibility Index. Based on the clustering of Russian subjects by k-means, the article describes four groups of regions by level of transport accessibility. Conclusions and Relevance. The practical use of the approach presented to assess the Transport Accessibility Index will help form the basis for management decisions aimed at improving efficiency in the planning of spatial development and assessing the socio-economic effects of the proposed measures. The developed Transport Accessibility Index should be used as part of the analysis and monitoring of the effectiveness of infrastructure expenditures affecting changes in the transport accessibility of settlements within individual regions (municipalities).

A New Step in the Study of the History of the Russian Prosecutor’s Office

2019 ◽  
pp. 94-98
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
High Level ◽  
The University

The paper is a review on the textbook by A. V. Yeremin, «The History of the National Prosecutor’s office» and the anthology «The Prosecutor’s Office of the Russian Empire in the Documents of 1722–1917» (authors: V. V. Lavrov, A. V. Eremin, edited by N. M. Ivanov) published at the St. Petersburg Law Institute (branch) of the University of the Prosecutor’s office of the Russian Federation in 2018. The reviewers emphasize the high relevance and high level of research, their theoretical and practical significance. The textbook and the anthology will help the students increase their legal awareness, expand their horizons.

ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОЙ КУЛЬТУРЫ КУРСАНТОВ КАК НЕОБХОДИМОЕ УСЛОВИЕ СТАНОВЛЕНИЯ СОТРУДНИКА УИС

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Votinov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Professional Culture ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Teaching Staff ◽  
Successful Performance ◽  
Current State ◽  
Professional Self ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Executive System ◽  
High Level

Современное состояние и развитие уголовно-исполнительной системы Российской Федерации диктует необходимость овладения будущими специалистами комплексом определенных знаний, умений и навыков, позволяющих им эффективно решать служебные задачи. Одним из путей повышения профессионального уровня специалистов является формирование и развитие профессиональной культуры. Проведенный в статье анализ понятия «профессиональная культура» позволяет констатировать сложность его содержания, что связано с особенностями профессиональной деятельности сотрудников УИС, многообразием решаемых задач. Автором подробно исследуется процесс формирования профессиональной культуры в вузах ФСИН России, рассматриваются особенности работы в данном направлении профессорско-преподавательского состава, командиров строевых подразделений, сотрудников отделов по работе с личным составом, приводятся возникающие при этом проблемы и предлагаются возможные пути решения. Отмечается, что успешность формирования профессиональной культуры курсантов зависит от их профессионализма, дисциплинированности, инициативности, настойчивости и личного примера сотрудников. В заключение подчеркивается, что высокий уровень профессиональной культуры сотрудника УИС является условием успешной служебной деятельности и целью дальнейшего профессионального самосовершенствования.The current state and development of the criminal Executive system of the Russian Federation dictates the need for future specialists to master a set of certain knowledge, skills and abilities that allow them to solve official tasks effectively. One of the ways to improve the professional level of specialists is the formation and development of professional culture. The analysis of the concept of «professional culture» in the article allows us to state the complexity of its content, which is associated with the peculiarities of professional activity of employees of the UIS, the variety of tasks to be solved. The author studies in detail the process of formation of professional culture in the universities of the Federal penitentiary service of Russia, examines the features of work in this direction of the teaching staff, commanders of combat units, employees of departments for work with personnel, presents the problems arising in this case and suggests possible solutions. It is noted that the success of the formation of professional culture of cadets depends on their professionalism, discipline, initiative, perseverance and personal example. In conclusion, it is emphasized that the high level of professional culture of the employee is a condition of successful performance and the purpose of further professional self-improvement.

INTERNATIONAL INFRASTRUCTURE AGENDA AND RUSSIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (8) ◽  
pp. 106-121
Author(s):  
O. V. IVANOV ◽  
◽  
M. A. IVANOVA ◽  
M. V. TKACHENKO ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
High Quality ◽  
New Approaches ◽  
The World ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
New Phenomena ◽  
Quality Infrastructure

The new phenomena of the world infrastructure practice are analyzed in the context of the paradigm of sustainable development. Special attention is paid to the conceptual and doctrinal design of new approaches to infrastructure development – the concepts of sustainable and high-quality infrastructure, responsible in-vestment. The efforts of the Russian Federation in this area are considered through the prism of the main trends in global infrastructure development. Conclusions are drawn about the key barriers that hinder the full-fledged development of the infrastructure complex, suggestions and recommendations are made on improv-ing approaches to the infrastructure development of Russia to achieve sustainable development.

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