scholarly journals Pelvic symptoms after radiotherapy in prostate cancer: a cross-sectional study

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 197-208
Author(s):  
Aline Moreira Ribeiro ◽  
Fernanda Maris Peria ◽  
Elaine Cristine Lemes Mateus-Vasconcelos ◽  
Cristine Homsi Jorge Ferreira ◽  
Valdair Francisco Muglia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Scientific Progress ◽  
Acute Effect ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Urinary Tract Symptoms ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Pelvic Symptoms ◽  
One Year

Abstract Introduction: Despite the technical and scientific progress that improved therapeutic resources available in Oncology, adverse effects of treatment can be prominent, impacting the quality of life (QoL). Objective: This research aims to determine the prevalence of post-radiotherapy pelvic symptoms in prostate cancer (PC) and its impact on QoL. Methods: We assessed three groups of patients at different stages during radiotherapy (RT): Pre-RT, evaluated before of RT; Post-RT#1, evaluated between six months and one year post-RT; Post-RT#2, evaluated between two and a half and four years post-RT. The presence of urinary incontinence (UI), its characteristics and impact on daily living activities (DLA) were evaluated by ICIQ-SF questionnaire. WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire was used to assess QoL. Student t test was used, considering significant p < 0.05. Results: Thirty-three men were assessed (pre-RT, n = 12; Post-RT#1, n = 10; Post-RT#2, n = 11). The prevalence of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) was highest in Post-RT#1 group. Post-RT#2 group had the highest prevalence of post-RT UI. In QoL, Pre-RT and Post-RT#2 groups experiencing the greatest impact on physical, environmental and overall QoL. Conclusion: Acute effect of RT is characterized by a high prevalence of LUTS. Post-RT#2 group experienced the most adverse effects on DLA due to a higher prevalence of post-RT UI.

What is known about Prostate Cancer? Response from Men Aged 50 Years and Above in Lindi Municipal, Tanzania

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 33-44
Author(s):  
Simon Francis ◽  
Obadia V. Nyongole
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Family History ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Negative Attitude ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adult Men ◽  
History Of ◽  
One Year ◽  
High Level

Background: The incidence of prostate cancer in Tanzania is among the highest recorded in Africa. Prostate cancer is also the most common cancer among men aged 50 years and above in Tanzania. Our study aimed to determine the awareness, knowledge, and attitudes among adult men with age 50 years and above regarding prostate cancer.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study that included 250 adult men aged 50 years and above in Lindi municipal being purposively selected and we interviewed them by using a structured questionnaire. A stratified random sampling method was used for obtaining our participants. All men who had stayed for not less than one year in Lindi and willing to participate were enrolled in the study. These men were selected at households without screening whether or not they had taken prostate screening test or had been diagnosed with prostate cancer Quantitative data were cleaned and analyzed with SPSS version 20.Results: Majority, 216(86.7%) of our study participants were aged 50–69 years and most of them, 142(56.8%) had primary education with 93.2% of them being married. Among the study subjects 7.2% had positive family history of cancer and 195(78%) were aware of prostate cancer with source of information being mass media (62.6%). Majority of them, 63.2%, did not know the risk age group. Few, 20.8% of our participants had good knowledge while majority, 95.2% had negative attitude toward prostate cancer. We found a statistically significant association between level of education, family history and level of knowledge regarding prostate cancer with p < 0.005.Conclusion: This study revealed high level of awareness, but poor knowledge regarding prostate cancer and negative attitude toward prostate cancer among men with age ≥50 years in Lindi municipal Tanzania. Key words: Awareness, knowledge, attitude, prostate cancer.

scholarly journals A study of anemia among adolescent girls in eastern part of Nepal

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piush Kanodia ◽  
Mukesh Bhatta ◽  
Rupa Rajbhandari Singh ◽  
Nisha K Bhatta ◽  
Gauri Shankar Shah
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Government School ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Causative Factors ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
One Year

Background & Objectives: Anemia is a global health problem. About 40% of the world's population suffers from anemia and adolescence is one of the most vulnerable age group. Hence the objective of the study was to determine prevalence and distribution of anemia among adolescent girls in eastern part of Nepal.Materials & Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted in a Government School of Dharan over a period of one year. There were total 433 participants, whose clinical and demographic profile were recorded and analyzed. Hemoglobin estimation was done by using cyanmethaemoglobin method and anemia was defined as per WHO cut-off.Results: The overall prevalence of anemia was found to be 51.3%. Prevalence was significantly more in pre-menarche age and undernourished girls (p<0.05). However factors like diet (vegetarian/non-vegetarian), worm infestation and parental education did not have a significant impact on occurrence of anemia.Conclusion: Anemia is the major health problem among adolescent girls in eastern part Nepal with high prevalence rate and nutrition is one of the leading causative factors for anemia.JCMS Nepal. 2016;12(1):19-22.

scholarly journals ISCHEMIC AND HEMORRHAGIC STROKE;

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Aziz Sahto ◽  
Amir Shahzad ◽  
Ruqayya
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Hemorrhagic Stroke ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
One Year ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
Medical University

Objectives: The aim behind this study was assess the frequency of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke and associated risk factors in patients with hypertension. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Period: One year. Setting: Department of Medicine People’s Medical University, Shaheed Benazeerabad. Material and Methods: This study was a hospital based study in which sampling was done through a purposive sampling technique. A total of 160 patients admitted with stroke were included in our study. After taking informed consent patient’s relevant history and examination were carried out. CT-Scan was done to confirm and different between ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke.SPSS version 17.0 was used to analyze the collected data. Results: Ischemic stroke was observed in 105(66%) patients and 55(34%) were suffered hemorrhagic stroke. Hypertension was 100% in both types of storks in ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke.Rate of diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia and smoking were significantly high in hemorrhagic stroke than ischemic stroke (p<0.01). Conclusion: We found a high prevalence of ischemic stroke than hemorrhagic stroke in our population. Among associated factors gender, hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes and smoking were prevalent in both ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke patients.

scholarly journals Risk management of adverse effects of antimalarial drugs: Knowledge of Physicians and Pharmacists in KAYES, MALI

2021 ◽  
Vol 319 ◽  
pp. 01050
Author(s):  
Boubacar Traore ◽  
Gladys Tsoumbou Bakana ◽  
Alassane Aboubacar Oumar
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Antimalarial Drug ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Antimalarial Drugs ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pharmacovigilance Center ◽  
Potential Factors ◽  
One Year

In order to improve therapeutic compliance and prevent antimalarial drug resistance, we conducted this study to evaluate the knowledge of physicians and pharmacists in Kayes on the management of adverse effects of antimalarial drugs. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from July to November 2017 among physicians and pharmacists selected by simple random sampling and practicing in the Kayes region for more than one year. The survey was based on a questionnaire proposed by the national pharmacovigilance center. In addition to a descriptive analysis of the results, a logistic regression analysis was performed to assess potential factors that could be associated with knowledge. Results: Among 151 physicians and pharmacists participated in the study, less than 40% had better knowledge about the management of antimalarial drug adverse events. Physicians and pharmacists working in government facilities were more likely to have better knowledge compared with those working in other facilities (OR=8.38; 95% CI: 2.48-28.30). In addition, pharmacists were more likely to have better knowledge than physicians (OR=3.48; 95% CI: 1.21-12.19). Conclusions: The frequency of good knowledge of the management of adverse drug reactions to antimalarials is insufficient, although membership in government structures and profession seem likely to improve it.

scholarly journals Study on prevalence of hypertension in gazetted officers

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 314
Author(s):  
Prakash Dudhani ◽  
Sanjay Khandekar
Keyword(s):  
State Government ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
One Year ◽  
Mercury Sphygmomanometer

Background: There was a strong correlation between increase in hypertension and changing lifestyle factors. The problem which lies with the hypertension is that it cannot be cured completely. And its management requires lifelong medication with some life-style modifications. Decreased physical activities coupled with increased mental tension are important contributors of hypertension. They are usually seen amongst employees of the profession where working is typically sedentary.  The main objectives were to study on prevalence of hypertension and risk factors among Government Gazetted officers of Maharashtra, India.Methods: A cross sectional study was carried among gazetted officers working in various departments of state Government for a period of one year in Solapur district. 355 Gazetted Government officers of class I & class II cadre were studied. Blood pressure was measured with a standard mercury sphygmomanometer. Chi-square test was applied to assess risk factors.Results: In present study, the prevalence of hypertension among Gazetted officers was observed 20.28%. There was significant positive association was found between age and prevalence of hypertension. And also it was found significantly higher in men than women. The association between education and hypertension found to be statistically significant (P<0.001), while there was no association between socioeconomic status and hypertension was found (P=0.33). Prevalence of hypertension was noted higher at every level of BMI. Prevalence of hypertension was significantly higher in smokers, alcoholic and had significant association (P<0.05).Conclusions: We conclude that, because of high prevalence of hypertension in Gazetted officers, periodically they should be screened for the same.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Psychological Co-morbidities among medical and dental students of a Medical University of Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 36-39
Author(s):  
N. Sapkota ◽  
B. Baral ◽  
U. Bhagat ◽  
D. Agrawal ◽  
D.D. Baral ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Suicidal Thoughts ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression ◽  
One Year ◽  
Medical University ◽  
Medical And Dental Students

Introduction: Medical and Dental students are vulnerable to higher levels of Psychological distress than other age matched peers. This study was carried to identify prevalence of depression and anxiety in medical and dental students. Material and Method: A cross sectional study was done among medical and dental students (2nd year to interns) of BPKIHS. A total of 600 students were enrolled through systematic random sampling and 588 (98%) responded. Semi-structured questionnaire was used to record socio-demographic variables along with Becks Depression Inventory(BDI) and Becks Anxiety Inventory(BAI). Results: The mean age of participants was 22±2years among which 61.2%(360) were male, 69.7%(410) were from medical faculty, 90.5%(532) were Nepalese and 9.5%(56) were Indians. Depressive symptoms was recorded in 25.3%(149) out of which 12.6%(74), 6.5%(38), 5.3%(31), 0.5%(3), 0.5%(3) had mild, borderline, moderate, severe and extreme depressive symptoms respectively. Similarly anxiety was recorded among 7.8%(46) students with 42 having moderate and 4 having severe anxiety symptoms. Among the participants 6.3%(37) had suicidal thoughts and 4(0.7%) of them had suicide attempt in last one year. Conclusion: Medical and dental students showed high prevalence of anxiety and depression even with suicidal thoughts including past attempt.

scholarly journals Factors associated with absenteeism-illness in rural workers in a timber company

2012 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 718-726 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Roberta Lopes Simões ◽  
Adelaide De Mattia Rocha ◽  
Carla Souza
Keyword(s):  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Length Of Service ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Rural Workers ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Multivariable Analyses ◽  
One Year

The monitoring of absenteeism-illness has revealed its high prevalence, and a strong relationship with work. This study aimed to analyze the factors associated with absenteeism-illness among the rural workers in a timber company in Minas Gerais, Brazil. It is an analytical cross-sectional study, carried out among 883 workers. The medical certificates issued in the company over one year were surveyed. For the analysis, use was made of descriptive statistics and bi- and multivariable analyses. The strength of association was measured by the odds ratio (OR) with help from logistic regression (p<0.05). A prevalence of 54% of medical certificates was found in the population. Bivariate analysis revealed an association between job (forestry assistant (OR=13.1), carpenter (OR=15) and chainsaw operator (OR=39.6)), length of service in the company, departments and length of schooling with absenteeism-illness. In the multi-variate analysis, the association between length of schooling and being a carpenter disappeared, while the other associations remained. It is concluded that there is important evidence about the occupational and demographic factors and absenteeism-illness among forestry workers.

scholarly journals Causes of End Stage Kidney Disease in Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients in District Swat, Khyber Pukhtonkhwa Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fawad Khalid ◽  
Asad ullah Khan ◽  
Adnan Fazal
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Maintenance Hemodialysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hospital District ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
One Year ◽  
End Stage

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects 10–15% of the population worldwide and its prevalence is increasing. Objective: To find the frequency of common diseases causing chronic kidney diseases (CKD) in dialysis dependent patients in District Swat, Khyber Pukhtonkhwa. Methodology: Cross sectional study at Department of Nephrology Nawaz Sharif Kidney Hospital, District Swat, Khyber Pukhtonkhwa, Pakistan. Results: Total of 110 patients were undergoing maintenance hemodialysis. There were 53(48.2%) male and mean age was 54.40+ 16.32 years. Among 110 patients, only 9 (8.2%) had dialysis once per week and 101(91.8%) had dialysis twice per week hemodialysis. Majority, 64(58.2%) patients were undergoing dialysis less than one year. 6(5.5 %) had hypertension, 33(30%) had diabetes and 68(61.8%) patients had both Diabetes and Hypertension. Out of 110, 39(35.5%) patients were Hepatitis B positive, and 28(25.5%) patients had Hepatitis C. Conclusion:  Results of this study showed that the leading cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) among dialysis patients was diabetes mellitus with or without hypertension and a high prevalence of both HBV and HCV.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii specific immunoglobulin G antibodies among pregnant women in Norway

1998 ◽  
Vol 120 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. A. JENUM ◽  
G. KAPPERUD ◽  
B. STRAY-PEDERSEN ◽  
K. K. MELBY ◽  
A. ESKILD ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
The North ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
One Year

During one year from June 1992 serum IgG antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii among 35940 pregnant women were measured in a cross-sectional study conducted in Norway. The overall prevalence was 10·9%. The lowest prevalences were detected in the north (6·7%) and in the inland counties (8·2%). A significantly higher prevalence was detected in the southern counties (13·4%) where a mild, coastal climate prevails. Women with foreign names had a higher prevalence (22·6%) than women with Norwegian names (10·0%). The high prevalence among women living in the capital city (Oslo) as compared to other cities and rural areas (13·2% vs. 10·1% and 10·2% respectively), was explained by the higher proportion of foreign women in Oslo. Prevalence significantly increased with age in women over 34 years old. This increase was only detected among women with Norwegian names. An increase in prevalence according to number of children was detected. Women without children had a prevalence of 8·8% while women with three children or more had a prevalence of 14·9%. Multivariate analyses showed that being seropositive was independently associated with county of residence, age, nationality and number of children.

Minerals Intake Distributions in a Large Sample of Iranian at-Risk Population Using the National Cancer Institute Method: Do They Meet Their Requirements?

2015 ◽  
Vol 85 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 129-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Heidari ◽  
Awat Feizi ◽  
Leila Azadbakht ◽  
Nizal Sarrafzadegan
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
National Cancer Institute ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Function ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nutritional Interventions ◽  
High Prevalence

Abstract. Background: Minerals are required for the body’s normal function. Aim: The current study assessed the intake distribution of minerals and estimated the prevalence of inadequacy and excess among a representative sample of healthy middle aged and elderly Iranian people. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the second follow up to the Isfahan Cohort Study (ICS), 1922 generally healthy people aged 40 and older were investigated. Dietary intakes were collected using 24 hour recalls and two or more consecutive food records. Distribution of minerals intake was estimated using traditional (averaging dietary intake days) and National Cancer Institute (NCI) methods, and the results obtained from the two methods, were compared. The prevalence of minerals intake inadequacy or excess was estimated using the estimated average requirement (EAR) cut-point method, the probability approach and the tolerable upper intake levels (UL). Results: There were remarkable differences between values obtained using traditional and NCI methods, particularly in the lower and upper percentiles of the estimated intake distributions. A high prevalence of inadequacy of magnesium (50 - 100 %), calcium (21 - 93 %) and zinc (30 - 55 % for males > 50 years) was observed. Significant gender differences were found regarding inadequate intakes of calcium (21 - 76 % for males vs. 45 - 93 % for females), magnesium (92 % vs. 100 %), iron (0 vs. 15 % for age group 40 - 50 years) and zinc (29 - 55 % vs. 0 %) (all; p < 0.05). Conclusion: Severely imbalanced intakes of magnesium, calcium and zinc were observed among the middle-aged and elderly Iranian population. Nutritional interventions and population-based education to improve healthy diets among the studied population at risk are needed.

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