scholarly journals Sentence Typology: Communicative Purpose Approach. Tradition and Novelties

2020 ◽  
pp. 42-75
Author(s):  
Sviatoslav Shevel
Keyword(s):  
Speech Acts ◽  
Formal Semantic ◽  
Pragmatic Approach ◽  
Modal Approach ◽  
Detailed Review ◽  
Communicative Intention ◽  
Verb Forms ◽  
Analytical Review ◽  
Cognitive Environment ◽  
Xix Century

The paper offers the analytical review of the author’s typologies of sentences based upon the purpose of their expression and presented in the East Slavic grammars from the early XIX century to the present day. The main focus falls on the systematization of the parameters of the author’s classifications, which enabled distinguishing among the main approaches to the typology of sentences based upon the communicative purposes: the content – based approach with the analysis of the sentence expression; a formal-semantic one, which is based upon the formal means of representation of the speaker’s purpose, in particular the order of words in the sentence, the form of the members of the sentence, as well as the methodological semantics of verb forms; an approach that presupposes the analysis of the intentions and ties of speakers and subjective components of speech; intonation-punctuation approach; in particular a modal approach based on the concept of “syntactic modality”; modal-intentional approach, which is dominated by the communicative intention of the speaker and discursive-pragmatic approach to the interpretation of communicative types of sentences, which takes into account the most hefty aspects of the speech acts theory. Such a classification, as well as a detailed review of the author’s typologies proved correct to divide the sentences according to expression purpose into three main types: sentence-information (informative); motivating sentences (directives); sentence-question (quisitive). Sentences of desire (optatives) are more appropriately included in the inter-category modifications of sentences-information and prompting sentences. We also proved that among all it is important to single out the content of the sentence-statement, syntactic models of representation of this content, communicative intentions and purpose of the speaker as well as the cognitive environment of sentences-statements.

Directive Speech Act Seen on Family 2.0 Drama Script Written by Walter Wykes

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Evi Jovita Putri
Keyword(s):  
Speech Acts ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Declarative Sentence ◽  
Pragmatic Approach ◽  
Intended Meaning ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Directive Speech Acts ◽  
Directive Speech

<p>The research entitled Directive Speech Act Seen on Family 2.0 Drama Script Written by Walter Wykes purposes to describe and uncover the types of form and intended meaning of directive speech act on that drama script. This descriptive research uses pragmatic approach and theory. The collecting and analysing data are focused on the using of declarative, imperative, and interrogative sentences in the text of drama. The forms of those sentences will be analysed to find out the types of form of directive speech act, while the context of those sentences will be used to analyze the intended meaning of directive speech act uttered by speakers. The results of the research are found that, first, there are two types of the form of directive speech acts, direct directive speech acts and indirect directive speech acts. Direct directive speech acts are represented by imperative sentence without subject; imperative sentence with let; and negative imperative sentence. Meanwhile the indirect directive speech acts are represented by declarative sentence statement; declarative sentence if clause; negative declarative sentences; and interrogative sentences. Second, the intended meanings seen on drama script of Family 2.0 are command, prohibition, request, treat, and persuasion. It can be concluded that, the most frequent intended meaning appeared in directive speech acts on this script is command by the use of imperative forms. Then, the declarative and interrogative forms are used to request something by adults charaters; in contrast the kids characters use them to command and prohibit the hearer.<strong></strong></p><strong>Keywords: </strong> family 2.0, pragmatic, speech act, directive, form and intended meaning

Pragmatics of the Qur’an: Model Pemahaman Kisah Sayyidah Maryam yang Terikat Konteks

SUHUF ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 321-342
Author(s):  
Fathur Rosyid
Keyword(s):  
Social Status ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Scientific Discipline ◽  
Linguistic Context ◽  
Pragmatic Approach ◽  
Application Form ◽  
Illocutionary Acts ◽  
Birth Story ◽  
The Relationship

Abstrak Kata Kunci: Pragamtik, Tindak Tutur, Implikatur, Kisah Sayyidah Maryam   Kisah Sayyidah Maryam dalam al-Qur’a>n merupakan salah-satu kisah yang menarik dikaji dengan pendekatan pragmatik. Hal ini disebabkan, secara tekstual, beliau adalah publik figur yang fenomenal, bahkan mengalahkan status sosial perempuan lainnya, sehingga namanya terdokumentasikan dalam satu surat khusus yang populer dengan sebutan ”Surat Maryam”. Kecuali itu, kisah tersebut juga termasuk kisah yang kaya dengan nuansa konteks. Sementara posisi ilmu prgamatik sendiri  merupakan disiplin keilmuan yang mengkaji satuan bahasa dari sudut pandang relasi antara konteks linguistik yang bersifat diadik dan konteks non-linguistik yang bersifat triadik. Penelitian ini hendak mengungkap dua hal; Pertama, apa yang dimaksud pragmatika al-Qur’a>n?. Kedua, bagaimana bentuk aplikasi pragmatik tindak tutur dan implikatur terhadap fragmentasi kisah kelahiran Sayyidah Maryam dalam al-Qur’an?. Tujuan kedua pertanyaan tersebut untuk memahami konsep prgamtika al-Qur’an, juga untuk mengungkap bentuk tindak tutur dan implikatur fragmentasi kisah kelahiran Sayyidah Maryam. Penelitian ini menghasilkan kesimpulan; Pertama, pragmatika al-Qur’an adalah suatu disiplin ilmu yang mengkaji al-Qur’a>n dari sudut pandang relasi antara konteks kebahasaan dengan konteks non-kebahasaan. Kedua, tindak tutur fragmentasi kisah kelahiran Sayyidah Maryam yang terdapat dalam Qs. A<li ‘Imra>n (03): 36, lokusinya berupa kalimat informatif, sementara illokusinya merupakan bentuk kalimat asertif yang bermakna mengeluh. Adapun implikaturnya sebagai pelajaran, bahwa jika segala sesuatu telah dipasrahkan sama Allah swt. maka tidak pantas mencari kesalahan atas peraturan yang telah ditetapkan-Nya.               Abstract Keywords: Pragamtik, Speech Acts, implicatures, Story of Sayyidah Maryam   The story of Sayyidah Maryam in the al-Qur'a>n is one-on-one interesting stories studied with a pragmatic approach. This is due, textually, he is a public figure who is phenomenal, even beating out other women's social status, so the name is documented in a special letter that is popularly known as "Surah Maryam". Except that, the story also included a story rich with nuances of context. While the position pragamatic science itself is a scientific discipline that examines unit of language from the perspective of the relationship between linguistic context that is both dyadic and non-linguistic context that is triadic. This research seeks to reveal two things; First, what is meant pragmatic al-Qur'a>n?. Second, how the application form pragmatics of speech acts and implicatures to fragmentation birth story of Sayyidah Maryam in the al-Qur'a>n?. The second purpose of these questions to understand the concept pragamtic al-Qur'a>n, as well as to reveal the shape of speech acts and implicatures fragmentation of the birth story of Sayyidah Maryam. This research resulted in the conclusion; First, the pragmatics of the al-Qur’a>n is a discipline that examines al-Qur'a>n from the viewpoint of the relationship between linguistic context with non-linguistic context. Second, the speech act fragmentation birth story of Sayyidah Maryam contained in Qs. A<li 'Imra>n (03): 36, locutionary acts be informative sentence, while illocutionary acts an assertive form meaningful sentences complaining. The implicature as a lesson, that if everything was handled the same God, it is inappropriate to find fault with the regulations set his.

scholarly journals Aggressive Language in Literature: A Pragmatic Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 224-242
Author(s):  
Hanan Abdul-kareem Kadhim ◽  
Wafaa Sahib Mehdi Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Speech Acts ◽  
Psychological State ◽  
Pragmatic Approach ◽  
Harold Pinter ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Human Interactions ◽  
John Osborne ◽  
Quantitative Analyses ◽  
Pragmatic Paradigm ◽  
Negative Form

Aggression is a negative form of an anti-social behavior. It is produced because of a particular reason, desire, want, need, or due to the psychological state of the aggressor. It injures others physically or psychologically. Aggressive behaviors in human interactions cause discomfort and disharmony among interlocutors. The paper aims to identify how aggressive language manifests itself in the data under scrutiny in terms of the pragmatic paradigm. Two British literary works are the data; namely, Look Back in Anger by John Osborne (1956), and The Birthday Party by Harold Pinter (1957). This paper endeavors to answer the question of how aggressive language is represented in literature pragmatically? It is hoped to be significant to linguistic and psychological studies in that it clarifies how aggression is displayed in human communications linguistically. Qualitative and quantitative analyses are conducted to verify the findings. It ends with some concluding remarks, the most important of which are: insulting, belittling, ridiculing and threatening are prevalent speech acts; simile, hyperbole, metaphor and repetition appear due to Grice’s maxims breaching while the use of taboo words, calling names, or abusive words are the impoliteness strategies that are distinguished in the data.

scholarly journals Evidentials and (relayed) speech acts: hearsay as quotation

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 676
Author(s):  
Natasha Korotkova
Keyword(s):  
Speech Acts ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Formal Semantic ◽  
Reported Speech ◽  
Ongoing Debate ◽  
Semantic Account ◽  
Original Proposal ◽  
The Status ◽  
Empirical Tests

This paper is devoted to what I will call quotative uses of hearsay evidentials, wherein they report a speech act made by a third party.  Occasionally mentioned in the typological literature, quotative uses were first given a formal semantic account by Faller 2002 and have received little attention since. The goal of this paper is to put the spotlight on them. An ongoing debate in the literature is on the semantic status of evidentials and the place of evidentiality among other categories (see Matthewson 2012 and references therein). For  Faller (2002, 2007), quotative uses are among the empirical tests that diagnose illocutionary evidentials, ones that deal with the structure of speech acts. In this paper, I re-implement Faller's original proposal within Krifka's (2014) framework that provides an explicit syntax-pragmatics interface. I then show that quotative readings may be the only argument, out of the currently provided in the literature, in favor of the existence of illocutionary evidentials. However, the status of such readings requires further research. I conclude by discussing quotative uses within a broader context of reported speech strategies.

scholarly journals Potret Peristiwa Tindak Tutur dalam Kegiatan Forum Kerukunan Umat Beragama (FKUB) Lampung Timur

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (02) ◽  
pp. 266
Author(s):  
Ani Susilowati ◽  
Akhadiyatus Sholihah
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Written Language ◽  
Data Card ◽  
Pragmatic Approach ◽  
Recording Technique ◽  
Speech Events

This study describes the portrait of speech acts in the East Lampung religious harmony forum. The aim of this research is to know the portrait of the speech act in the activities of the Religious Harmony Forum (FKUB) in East Lampung. The type of this research is qualitative research that uses a pragmatic approach by applying descriptive qualitative methods. This method is used to describe speech events and speech acts based on the data that has been collected by the writer. To complete the data the writer uses listening technique method and proficient technique. From the two methods the writer uses several techniques, namely instruments, recording technique and writing technique. After extracting the data, the next step is processing and analyzing data by using the following steps; the first data transcript containing the speech act which is transcribed into written language. Second puts the results of the data into the data card. Third, the writer analysis the data based on several aspects that has done by the writer. Fourth, the classification of the data based on the type of speech events and speech acts. Based on the results of the research data analysis, it can be concluded that the speech acts used in the Forum of Religious Harmony are locution of speech acts, perlocution of speech acts, and illocution of speech acts which have four forms, namely 1) assertive (declaring, suggesting, reminding). 2) directive (rule, recommend). 3)  expressiveness (thanking, apologizing, condolence). 4) commissive (offering something).

scholarly journals Tuturan Melarang dalam Film Spirited Away

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-87
Author(s):  
Oktaviani Saputri
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Pragmatic Approach ◽  
Indirect Speech ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Directive Speech Acts ◽  
Directive Speech

The Purpose of this study is to describe the use of directive speech acts of prohibition in the Spirited Away movie which are based on the pattern of prohibitions in Japanese. It also aims to find out the factors that influence the prohibition of speech based on the context of the conversation and categorized them into direct or indirect speech. The data of this research were taken from the utterance of the characters containing the directive speech acts of prohibition. The use of prohibition directive speech acts is analyzed based on the prohibition pattern in Japanese in accordance with the theory of Namatame. This type of research uses the qualitative descriptive research method with a pragmatic approach. From the results of data analysis it was found that the use of illocutionary speech forms directly prohibits,which are: the patterns of  ~ V ru na, ~ te wa ikenai, ~ naide, ~ dame, and ~ janai. Ilocutionary forms are directly used by people who have strong authority over their partners. With his authority the speaker does not need to use indirect speech which usually emphasizes modesty.

scholarly journals Pragmatic Functions of Insya Allah in Indonesian Speeches

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hendi Pratama
Keyword(s):  
Speech Acts ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Pragmatic Approach ◽  
Expressive Speech ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Reliable Marker

Insya Allah has been part of the Indonesian language and culture for a long time. However, there were very few linguistics studies on the use of Insya Allah. This study aimed to analyse the use of Insya Allah in the Indonesian context using the pragmatic approach. A total of 100 utterances spoken by various speakers at various situations were collected. The study focused on identifying the types of speech acts performed by Insya Allah using Searle’s speech act taxonomy (Searle, 1979). At the second stage, the pragmatic functions of Insya Allah were identified using a combination of classifications used by Pishghadam and Kermananshahi (2012), Nazzal (2005), Ibrahim, Shah, and Armia (2013), and Mohamed Ali (2014). The findings showed that Insya Allah was a reliable marker for commissive and expressive speech acts. This study also found two additional pragmatic functions of Insya Allah which have not been identified in previous studies.

scholarly journals STRATEGI PENERJEMAHAN KATA NON-EQUIVALENT

Metahumaniora ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 271
Author(s):  
Erlina Zulkifli Mahmud
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Speech Act Theory ◽  
Pragmatic Approach ◽  
Expressive Speech ◽  
Directive Speech Acts ◽  
Directive Speech ◽  
Descriptive Qualitative

AbstrakArtikel ini membahas satu jenis strategi penerjemahan yang berfokus pada penerjemahan pada level kata yang bersifat non-equivalent menurut Mona Baker. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan jenis strategi penerjemahan apa saja dalam taksonomi tersebut  yang diaplikasikan pada penerjemahan kata-kata non-equivalent yang ditemukan pada novel-novel Indonesia sebagai bahasa sumber ke dalam bahasa Inggris sebagai bahasa sasaran; dan juga untuk mengidentifikasi apakah pesan yang terdapat pada kata-kata bersifat non-equivalent pada bahasa sumber tersampaikan sama pada bahasa sasaran. Metode yang digunakan untuk membahas aplikasi strategi penerjemahan ini adalah metode kualitatif-komparatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kata-kata yang bersifat non-equivalent diterjemahkan dengan menggunakan 7 dari 8 strategi penerjemahan yang ada dan secara keseluruhan strategi penerjemahan untuk kata non-equivalent mampu menyampaikan pesan yang terdapat pada kata-kata non-equivalent tersebut meskipun tidak semua secara detil.Kata kunci: strategi penerjemahan, kata non-equivalent, strategi penerjemahan Mona Baker AbstractSpeech act is the activity of uttering speech with a specific purpose. Research on speech acts has been done by many researchers before, but the number is still limited that reviewed the speech acts during the Covid-19 pandemic. This study discussed the types of speech acts on Instagram social media during the Covid-19 period. This study used a pragmatic approach with Searle's speech act theory (1979). The method used is descriptive qualitative. Based on the results of data analysis, researcher found that 3 types of speech acts, namely 1) Directive speech acts with the implicature of persuading and encouraging; 2) Representative speech acts with the implicature of commanding and challenging; 3) Expressive speech acts with the implicature of encouraging.Keywords: Covid-19, Pragmatic, Speech act         

scholarly journals Modalité des modaux du français dans les actes discours directifs dans BD Michel Vaillant en perspective sociopragmatique

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 00046
Author(s):  
Yuliantini Yuliantini ◽  
Sumarlam Sumarlam ◽  
Tri Wiratno
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
Pragmatic Approach ◽  
Modal Verbs ◽  
Unit Of Analysis ◽  
Directive Speech Acts ◽  
Directive Speech

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:0in">This research aims to describe the type of modality of French modal verbs in directive speech acts in the comic Michel Vaillant and find its meaning. In French, modality it is seen in the use of modal verbs such as <i>devoir, pouvoir, vouloir,</i> and <i>falloir</i>. In addition to the semantic studies, the terms are also considered to be socio-pragmatic. This study describes the modality of modal verbs in directives speech acts in the data. Analysis of the modality types is made by dividing it into four categories namely intentional, epistemic, deontic and dynamics. The purpose of this study is to describe the verb type and mode which means the modality of French modal verbs in directive speech acts. The socio-pragmatic approach is used to address the problem and interpret the intent of the spoken statement. The unit of analysis is the speech acts. The speech here means directive using modal verbs used by the characters in Michel Vaillant. In addition, to find the meaning of French modal verbs we use Hymes’ theory on the components of speech situations.<o:p></o:p></p>

scholarly journals Translating Subtitles of Becoming Jane Film: A Pragmatic Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Arbain Arbain
Keyword(s):  
Speech Acts ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Document Analysis ◽  
Pragmatic Approach ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Translation Quality ◽  
The World ◽  
Translation Techniques

Subtitling is an effective way to provide dialogues or narrative for a movie. The benefit is for people to enjoy the film even though its different from their native language. They enjoy movies over the world with different countries and styles by the dialogues translated. This research aims to know the strategy of responding to arguing in the file's subtitle titled Becoming Jane, to find out the translation techniques used by the translator, and to assess the translation quality in terms of the accuracy, acceptability, and readability. The research method is descriptive qualitative method with "Becoming Jane" movie and its subtitles as the data. Data were collected from document analysis and focus group discussions with the score of the accuracy, acceptability, and readability. The results indicate that the character used a strategy of agreeing, persisting, and complying. While six methods of translation were found, namely literal, modulation, established equivalence, borrowing, and adaptation. The quality of the translation of the strategy of responding to speech acts has been categorized as less accurate, less acceptable, and moderate in terms of readability

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