Effect of lockdown due to COVID-19 pandemic on mental health of final year students of Maharashtra

Background: A pandemic is the worldwide spread of a new disease and currently COVID‑19 has become a major medical crisis. The worldwide rapid increase of infected cases has created a sense of uncertainty and anxiety about the situations and upcoming exams period. It also leads to stress amongst the students. Objectives of the study was to evaluate and analyse the prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress among final year students of Maharashtra using DASS-21.Methods: It was an online survey which was conducted using Google Forms with link sent using Whatsapp. A standard DASS-21 questionnaire was used for the study. The survey questionnaire would take around 3-4 min to complete. Total 324 responses were received by the stipulated time.Results: The study showed that the engineering final year students are more depressed than others. 34 engineering and 26 medical students were suffering from anxiety. The relationship between anxiety level and course was statistically significant. On depression scale 47% participants were suffering from mild to moderate stress.Conclusions: Index survey suggested that the pandemic affected the preparation of the respondents to a great extent and affected their mental status negatively.

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DOES CAFFEINE INTAKE INFLUENCE MENTAL HEALTH OF MEDICAL STUDENTS?

Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine ◽

10.37268/mjphm/vol.21/no.2/art.626 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (2) ◽

pp. 22-28

Author(s):

Zaleha Md Isa ◽

Afraah Amani Anuar ◽

Amirul Danial Azmi ◽

Sanjeevaraj Tamil Selvan ◽

Noor Shafiqah Hisham ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Medical Students ◽

Online Survey ◽

Mental Health Problems ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Caffeine Intake ◽

Caffeine Consumption ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Prevalence Of Depression ◽

Relationship Of

Caffeine (1,3,7-trimethylxanthine) consumption among students is known to increase alertness and energy, as well as to alleviate stress. There has been an increase of caffeine consumption amongst young adults. Currently, there are no studies regarding caffeine consumption and its influence on mental health among Malaysians. We aimed to determine the relationship of caffeine consumption with depression, anxiety and stress among medical students. A cross sectional study was conducted among medical students in the Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. Data were collected via an online survey using two questionnaires, namely the semi-quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaires on Caffeine Intake and Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21). A total of 262 medical students completed the survey. The prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress was 9.2%, 16.8% and 1.1%, respectively. Majority of students (98.5%) consumed caffeine from coffee, tea, soft drinks, energy drinks and chocolate drinks/food. The median daily caffeine consumption among consumers was 67.98 (25th,75th percentile: 24.83, 139.71) mg/day. There was a significant association between race and anxiety (p=0.038) in which the Malay students had the highest prevalence (21.1%), followed by Indian (16.1%), other races (15.4%) and Chinese students (3.8%). Caffeine consumption did not influence mental health of medical students in this study. Anxiety is the most prominent mental health problem among them. We recommend a programme tailored to medical students in recognising symptoms of mental health problems so that early intervention can be carried out.

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Prevalence of Depression, Anxiety, and Perceived Stress in Postpartum Mexican Women during the COVID-19 Lockdown

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18094627 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (9) ◽

pp. 4627

Author(s):

Blanca Vianey Suárez-Rico ◽

Guadalupe Estrada-Gutierrez ◽

Maribel Sánchez-Martínez ◽

Otilia Perichart-Perera ◽

Carolina Rodríguez-Hernández ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Postpartum Depression ◽

Perceived Stress ◽

Trait Anxiety ◽

Online Survey ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Depression Symptoms ◽

Mexican Women ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Prevalence Of Depression

The COVID-19 lockdown represents a new challenge for mental health researchers and clinical practitioners. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and perceived stress in postpartum Mexican women. The study included 293, 4–12-week postpartum women over the age of 18. The Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS), Trait-State Trait Anxiety Inventory (T-STAI), and Ten Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10), which are all questionnaires validated for the Mexican population, were applied using a web-based online survey. Prevalence and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. The mean ± standard deviation (SD) of the maternal age was 29.9 ± 6.3 years; the EPDS score: 11 ± 6, T-STAI score: 41.7 ± 12.3, and PSS-10 score: 17.1 ± 7. The prevalence (95% CI) of the postpartum depression symptoms was 39.2% (34–45%), trait anxiety symptoms were found among 46.1% (32–43%) of the participants, and moderate and high perceived stress were in 58% (52–64) and 10.9% (7.8–15) of the participants, respectively. The prevalence of depressive symptoms, generalized anxiety, and perceived stress was higher among postpartum Mexican women during the COVID-19 outbreak than before the lockdown. Our findings highlight the importance of monitoring perinatal mental health during pandemics and the need to design effective psychologic interventions for these patients.

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Effect of lockdown due to COVID-19 pandemic on mental health of pre-medical students of Maharashtra

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20203917 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (9) ◽

pp. 3524

Author(s):

Moksh S. Khetan ◽

Lohit S. Vaishnao ◽

Mahek Kewalramani

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

Psychological Health ◽

Online Survey ◽

Maximum Stress ◽

Age Group ◽

The People ◽

Prevalence Of Depression ◽

The Government ◽

The Relationship ◽

Very High

Background: The worldwide rapid increase of infected cases of COVID-19 has created a sense of uncertainty and anxiety about what is going to happen. The Government of India ordered the complete lockdown in nation. As a result the pre-medical exam has been postponed with no definite date. It has also lead to unfavourable effects on the learning and psychological health of students.Aim: To evaluate and analyse the prevalence of Depression, Anxiety and Stress among pre-medical students of Maharashtra using DASS-21.Methods: It was an online survey which was conducted using Google Forms with link sent using WhatsApp. A standard DASS-21 questionnaire was used for the study. The survey questionnaire would take around 3-4 min to complete. Total 324 responses were received by the stipulated time.Results: The study showed that the people of age group less than 20 years were more depressed in this lockdown crisis as compared to those of age above 20 years. In the present study, 44 respondents of age less than 20 years had very high levels of anxiety while in the age group of above 20 there were 25 such respondents. The relationship between anxiety level and age was statistically significant. When compared on the stress scale it was found that females of age less than 20 years were under maximum stress. Conclusion: Index survey suggested that the pandemic affected the preparation of the respondents to a great extent and affected their mental status negatively.

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COVID-19 Related Knowledge and Mental Health: Case of Croatia

Frontiers in Psychology ◽

10.3389/fpsyg.2020.567368 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

Author(s):

Marko Galić ◽

Luka Mustapić ◽

Ana Šimunić ◽

Leon Sić ◽

Sabrina Cipolletta

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Online Survey ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Anxiety And Depression ◽

Fake News ◽

Hospital Anxiety ◽

Biological Features ◽

Anxiety Depression ◽

The Relationship ◽

Mediation Models

Background and Aims: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to radical and unexpected changes in everyday life, and it is plausible that people’s psychophysical health has been affected. This study examined the relationship between COVID-19 related knowledge and mental health in a Croatian sample of participants.MethodsAn online survey was conducted from March 18 until March 23, 2020, and a total of 1244 participant responses were collected (85.5% were women and 58.4% completed secondary education). Measures included eight questions regarding biological features of the virus, symptoms, and prevention, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and Optimism-Pessimism Scale. According to the answers given on the questions on COVID-19 related knowledge, participants were divided in two groups: (1) informed and (2) uninformed on each question. They were then compared in the expressed levels of anxiety, depression, pessimism, and optimism. Full vs. partial mediation models with optimism/pessimism as a mediator in the relationship between anxiety/depression and the accuracy of responses for questions about handwashing and ways of transmission were estimated.ResultsParticipants who responded correctly on the question about handwashing had higher levels of anxiety, depression, and pessimism than those participants whose answer was incorrect, while participants who answered correctly on the question about the percentage of patients who develop serious breathing problems had higher levels of depression than those who answered incorrectly. Lower levels of anxiety and pessimism were observed in the participants who answered correctly about ways of transmission. Higher levels of pessimism were found in participants who scored incorrectly on questions about the efficiency of antibiotics, most common symptoms, and the possibility of being infected by asymptomatic carriers. Higher levels of knowledge about handwashing were predicted by higher levels of anxiety and pessimism. Higher levels of knowledge about ways of transmission were predicted by lower levels of anxiety and lower levels of pessimism. The examined relationships between anxiety/depression and knowledge were mediated by pessimism.ConclusionThe findings of this study suggest that knowledge about COVID-19 may be useful to reduce anxiety and depression, but it must be directed to the promotion of health behaviors and to the recognition of fake news.

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The influence of workplace stress and coping on depressive symptoms among registered nurses in Bangladesh

Belitung Nursing Journal ◽

10.33546/bnj.1959 ◽

2022 ◽

Author(s):

Reva Mondal ◽

Yajai Sitthimongkol ◽

Nopporn Vongsirimas ◽

Natkamol Chansatitporn ◽

Kathy Hegadoren

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Coping Strategies ◽

Registered Nurses ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Workplace Stress ◽

Unique Contribution ◽

Workplace Stressors ◽

Increased Risk ◽

The Relationship

Background: Nurses report high levels of workplace stress, which has been linked to an increased risk for experiencing depressive symptoms.Nurses’ workplace stress is also linked to increased absenteeism and decreased job satisfaction. Objectives: The objectives of this study were to examine: (1) the incidence of depressive symptoms among hospital-based registered nurses in Bangladesh; (2) common sources of workplace stress and their relationships to individual characteristics and depressive symptom scores; and (3) the potential mediating roles of coping strategies in the relationship between workplace stress and depressive symptoms. Methods: A cross-sectional study design involved three hundred and fifty-two registered nurses. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire and three standardized tools measuring sources of nurses’ workplace stress, coping strategies, and depressive symptoms. Results: More than half of the participants scored ≥ 16 on the CES-D, which was associated with a major depression episode. Total NSS scores had a small but significant influence on scores on the depression scale. Coping strategies had no mediated effect on the relationship between workplace stress and scores on the depression scale. Low-reliability coefficients for subscales of two of the standardized tools highlight the challenge for researchers in developing countries to address contextual differences that may influence the meanings attached to individual items. Conclusion: Findings suggest that the mental health of registered nurses in Bangladesh requires immediate attention in part by attending to workplace stressors. Further research should focus on a deeper understanding of Bangladeshi registered nurses’ work experiences and the unique contribution that workplace stressors have on their physical and mental health.

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Prevalence of Depression, Anxiety and Stress in Medical Students, interns and residents in Pakistan

10.53350/pjmhs211592333 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (9) ◽

pp. 2333-2336

Author(s):

Anum Arif ◽

Minahil Iram ◽

Sabih Nofal ◽

Aima Sohail ◽

Bismah Riaz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Medical Students ◽

Severe Depression ◽

Poor Mental Health ◽

Military Hospital ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Prevalence Of Depression ◽

Interns And Residents ◽

The Mean

Aim: To assess prevalence of Depression, Anxiety, Stress in medical students, interns, and residents in Pakistan Study design: Cross-sectional Survey (Questionnaire) based study. Place and duration of study: This study was conducted at Combined Military Hospital Lahore Medical College from March 2020 to May 2020. Results: 104 participants were included in the study. There was female predominance 58(55.8%), and the mean age was 23.55±1.42. The overall mean score of depression and anxiety was 21.2±12.67 and 15.7±10.67 respectively and most prevalent in third and fourth-year residents. The mean stress score was 13.7, 10. 27. Twenty-eight (26.9%) of the overall participants had extremely severe depression, 36 (34.6 %) had extremely severe anxiety and 13(12.5%) had severe stress. Doctors studying and practicing in the private sector have a higher DASS21 score (p = < 0.006) Conclusion: Multiple factors have been found to contribute to the poor mental health of health care workers, including financial trouble, sleep deprivation, abuse from colleagues, high expectations, female gender, broken relationships, and substance misuse. Keywords: Anxiety Disorders, Depression, Medical, Mental Health Problem Solving, Psychological Distress,

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Attitude & belief towards mental illness and psychiatry as a faculty among medical students at International Medical University, Malaysia

BJPsych Open ◽

10.1192/bjo.2021.362 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (S1) ◽

pp. S125-S125

Author(s):

Debakanta Behera ◽

Ji Yen Ku

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Mental Illness ◽

Medical Education ◽

Medical Students ◽

Career Choice ◽

Online Survey ◽

Psychiatric Patients ◽

International Medical ◽

Early Exposure ◽

Medical University

AimsThird year Medical students from the International Medical University, Malaysia were assessed regarding their commonly held attitudes and beliefs for the mental illness in general as well as with respect to psychiatry as a faculty through a survey monkey based survey,BackgroundCommonly held perceptions and prejudices often can be overcame by education and early exposure to facts which also holds true with medical students and their attitude as well as expectations to psychiatry. Ever growing awareness regarding the Mental illness has helped but is unable to complete address the stigma and prejudices associated with it. Also Early exposure to psychiatry in medical education can provide a positive experience to medical students including germinating an interest in psychiatry as a career choice among the students.Method42 students of 3rd and 4th year medical school from International Medical University, Malaysia, some without any exposure to psychiatry, were participated in a survey created on a cloud based online survey link and responded to a questionnaire about the attitude and belief towards mental Illness as well as Psychiatry as a career choice. The results were analysed and data interpreted.ResultMost students (85%) though agreed that psychiatry is a rapidly expanding frontier of medicine sadly only 20% stated that it would be one of the top three career choice. Just under the 50% of the students stated that the psychiatric patients are more likely to harm others. About 95% felt that psychiatric consultations of patients with medical and surgical health problems would be helpful and 90% students shared that they would not feel embarrassed about someone from their family if diagnosed with mental illness.ConclusionPsychiatric exposure in medical education has been recognised as inadequate in general and often exposing medical students to psychiatry early helps improving the stigma and prejudices associated with mental illness. It will also give them sufficient exposure to assess the illness holistically keeping mental health in mind while treating physically ill people and also may inspire them to choose psychiatry as a career choice in a rapidly developing and conservative country such as Malaysia where mental health services are largely inadequate and is the second biggest health issue.

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Depression, sleeping pattern & suicidal ideation among medical students in Bangladesh: A cross-sectional pilot study

10.31234/osf.io/qk24v ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

M Tasdik Hasan

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Health Status ◽

Medical Students ◽

Pilot Study ◽

Poor Mental Health ◽

Mental Health Status ◽

Suicidal Tendency ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Prevalence Of Depression ◽

Poor Mental Health Status

Background: Depression is a major morbidity and the most common mental disorder among the medical students in medical schools globally. Undergraduate students suffer stress more due to their academic curriculum than the students of other faculties. In low resource settings like Bangladesh, there is a dearth in research on mental health of undergraduate medical students. This pilot study was conducted to add to the existing limited evidence by reporting the prevalence of depression, describing sleeping pattern & suicidal tendencies among medical students. Relevantly, we have investigated to the overall mental health status among the medical students in Bangladesh. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in two medical colleges of Dhaka in between July 2013 to December 2013, among 221 Bangladeshi medical students from first to fifth year. By convenient sampling technique, data were collected by a pretested, structured, self-administered questionnaire and analysis was done by SPSS 18.0 version. Depression were assessed by validated PHQ-9 tool among the respondents. Goldberg’s General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28) was used for assessing overall mental health status. Results: Depression was found in 38.9% of participants with 3.6%, 14.5%, 20.8% of being either severe, moderate and mild depression respectively. 17.6% medical students had suicidal tendency or attempted suicide at least for once after attending medical school. The sleeping hours were inadequate and altered after starting this stressful academic course. 33.5% medical students had poor mental health status. There was a statistically significant association between poor mental health status with age group of less than 22 years and initial academic study year (1st to 3rd of MBBS).Conclusion: The findings are suggestive of a higher prevalence of depression among early year medical students and marginal predominance in males. Suicidal tendency is also higher. These calls for further investigation with situation analysis, qualitative explorations and surveys to explore the burden of such disorders in Bangladesh.

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Depression Among Undergraduate Medical Students

Kathmandu University Medical Journal ◽

10.3126/kumj.v10i3.8021 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 56-59 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Bibhusan Basnet ◽

M Jaiswal ◽

B Adhikari ◽

PM Shyangwa

Keyword(s):

Medical Education ◽

Medical Students ◽

Medical School ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Academic Stress ◽

Undergraduate Medical Students ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Prevalence Of Depression ◽

Inducing Factors ◽

Major Factors

Background Psychological stress is common in medical school and associated with depression. Medical education is grooming in Nepal, but only few studies are done concerning mental health of medical students. Objective To assess the prevalence of depression among medical students at different levels of education and find about their stressors. Methods A cross sectional, questionnaire-based survey was carried out among the undergraduate medical students of B.P.Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Nepal. 50 students each from Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS) first and third year were enrolled in the study conducted between November 2008 to January2009. The depression levels were assessed using Zung depression scale. Students were asked to complete the questionnaire and then the depression levels calculated .The stress inducing factors during their course of medical education were also assessed. Results The overall prevalence of depression among the students was 29.78 percent. The prevalence of depression in first and third year was 36.74and 22.22 percent respectively. The prevalence of depression was 32.43 percent among female students versus 28.07 percent in male students. Both first and third year students gave high ratings to academic stress and hectic lifestyle as the main stress inducing factors. Conclusion The prevalence of depression is seen especially in the first year medical students. So, attempts should be made to alleviate the stressors right from the time they join medical school. Since academic stress proved to be one of the major factors, measures to make the academic curriculum more student-friendly are suggested. Kathmandu University Medical Journal | VOL.10 | NO. 3 | ISSUE 39 | JUL- SEP 2012 | Page 56-59 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/kumj.v10i3.8021

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Prevalence of Depression among the Medical Students in Nepalgunj Medical College

Journal of Nepalgunj Medical College ◽

10.3126/jngmc.v18i2.38876 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (2) ◽

pp. 17-21

Author(s):

Binod Kumar Yadav ◽

Gaurav Jung Shah ◽

Rahul Yadav ◽

Rajendra Mahat ◽

Aayush Joshi

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Medical Students ◽

Health Problem ◽

Descriptive Study ◽

Medical Studies ◽

Medical College ◽

Common Mental Health Problem ◽

Pocket Money ◽

Prevalence Of Depression ◽

The World

Introduction: Mental health is an important aspect of overall health of a person. Depression is a common mental health problem all around the world. According to WHO, as many as 350 million people suffer from depression all over the globe. Medical studies are well known to be stressful for students and psychological problems like depression are quite common among medical students. Although many studies are done on mental health of students worldwide, studies on depression among medical students of Nepal are quite few. Aims: To find out the prevalence of depression among medical students in Nepalgunj Medical College. Methods: A descriptive study was done in the batch of 2016 with a Beck’s Depression Inventory (BDI) Questionnaire. Results: The prevalence of depression among the study subjects was found to be 25.9%. Bullying was found to be a strong factor responsible for depression among medical students. Conclusion: Depression was highly prevalent among the medical students. Students who were bullied and had appropriate pocket money suffered from higher levels of depression.

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