scholarly journals Utilization Of Agung Semeru Banana Peel Extract As Natural Hand Sanitizer

Jurnal Biota ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-62
Author(s):  
Dwi Nur Rikhma Sari ◽  
Septarini Dian Anitasari ◽  
Suci Ratnasari
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Basic Material ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Banana Peel ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Hand Sanitizer ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Peel Extract

Hand sanitizers generally contain Ethyl Alcohol 62%, softener, moisturizer and anti-bacterial compounds such as tryclosan, glycerol, tannin, saponins and other antimicrobial agents. This study aimed to determine the effect of Agung Semeru banana peel extract as a natural hand sanitizer to inhibit fungal growth of Candida albicans. The antifungal activity test is carried out using the disk diffusion method. The use of this method is shown to measure the diameter of the area of ​​resistance that occurs around paper discs that already contain antifungal in accordance with the concentration in each treatment. The results showed that Agung Semeru banana peel is effective as a natural Hand sanitizer that was indicated by differences in treatment. Utilization of Agung Semeru Banana peel Extract  as a natural basic material hand sanitizer showed that no significant difference between treatments in inhibiting the growth of fungi Candida albicans, but a concentration of 7% (1,315 ± 0.0035c) showed better results compared to a concentration of 1% ( 1.2 ± 0.0a); concentration of 5% (1,208 ± 0,0023b) and 0% (1.2 ± 0,0a).

scholarly journals The Antifungal Effect of WHO Hand Sanitizer to Candida Albicans in Improving Personal Hygiene

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Dyah Widiastuti ◽  
Ihda Zuyina Zuyina Ratna Sari ◽  
Isya Fikria Kalimah ◽  
Endang Setiani
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
World Health ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Zone Formation ◽  
Hand Sanitizer ◽  
Fungal Activity ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Anti Fungal

Hand hygiene is one of the important factors that determine a person's health status. Hands are easily contaminated by microbes from the environment such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi through direct contact. Hand sanitizer is a type of media that can be used to clean hands from disease-causing microbes other than soap. Hand sanitizers are widely used by the community because they are considered more practical to use. This study aims to determine the anti-fungal activity of the hand sanitizer recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) against Candida albicans. Anti-fungal activity was tested using the well diffusion method. The results showed that the higher the concentration of the hand sanitizer, the bigger the inhibition zone formed. The statistical test results obtained a significance value of p <0.05 at the variation of the concentration of hand sanitizer 50%, 75%, 100%, and treatment control. These results indicate that there is a significant difference between the hand sanitizer treatment and control of the inhibition zone formation in C. albicans. The WHO recommended hand sanitizer has medium inhibitory power against C. albicans bacteria.

scholarly journals Potency of Citrus reticulata Peel Extract as Active Compound of NonAlcohol Based Gel Hand Sanitizer

SCISCITATIO ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-86
Author(s):  
Julyana Dika Santoso ◽  
Aniek Prasetyaningsih ◽  
Kukuh Madyaningrana
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Skin Irritation ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Citrus Reticulata ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Hand Sanitizer ◽  
Phytochemical Compounds ◽  
The Common ◽  
Peel Extract

Hand sanitizer is nowadays known as a part of one’s personal hygiene kit because of its practical use andeffectivity against skin microbes, such as Staphylococcus aureus. The common commercial hand sanitizers are madefrom alcohol which may have negative side effect like skin irritation. Utilization of active compounds from a plantthat has antibacterial compounds might be applied to the substitution of alcohol in the formulation of hand sanitizer.In this study, phytochemical compounds from Citrus reticulata and Citrus aurantifolia peel extracts were testedqualitatively and their antibacterial acitivity on Staphylococcus aureus were tested using disk diffusion method. Theresults showed that Citrus reticulata peel extract at the concentration of 70% was the most effective concentration ininhibiting Staphylococcus aureus. This certain concentration of Citrus reticulata peel extract was then chosen in the gelhand sanitizer formulation. Application of gel hand sanitizer with Citrus reticulata peel extract as its active compoundon the hands of respondents were also observed to inhibit bacterial growth. The use of peel extracts from Citrusspp, especially from Citrus reticulata might be potential in the formulation of non-alcohol based gel hand sanitizer.

scholarly journals Formulation of Herbal Cream of Agung Semeru Banana Peel Extract to Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus

Jurnal Biota ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-18
Author(s):  
Dwi Nur Rikhma Sari ◽  
Septarini Dian Anitasari ◽  
Khoiriyah Khoiriyah
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Banana Peel ◽  
Inhibitory Zone ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Zone Diameter ◽  
Cream Formulation ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus

Skin cream, is one of the dosage forms, which contain little water content, and is widely used both as a medicinal and cosmetic cream. This study made an herbal cream formulation based on Agung Semeru banana skin of Lumajang variety which was known as an antimicrobial at a concentration of 100% which would then be tested for its ability as an antimicrobial against the growth of Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus. The method used in this study is using the paper disk Diffusion method with 6 repetitions, where data in the form of inhibitory zone diameters were analyzed using 1% One Way ANOVA test and continued with Duncan's test at 1%. The results of this study showed that there were significant differences between the treatment groups (α = 0,000), where the cream formulation of the Candida albicans fungi showed a larger inhibition zone diameter (22.50 ± 1.70 mm) than the inhibitory zone diameter in Staphylococcus aureus bacteria (21 , 50 ± 1.68 mm).

scholarly journals The efficacy of disinfectants on abattoirs’ Candida albicans isolates in Niger Delta region

F1000Research ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oluwayemisi A Olorode ◽  
G Chijioke Okpokwasli
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Niger Delta ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Selective Medium ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Delta Region ◽  
Niger Delta Region ◽  
Significant Difference

This study was conducted to evaluate the antimicrobial activities of common disinfectants- these are (parachlorometaxylenol) dettol, savlon purit and jik (sodium hypochlorite) on Candida albicans isolated from displaying and cutting tables in five different abattoirs in Port Harcourt (Niger Delta region); the abattoirs include Trans Amadi, Agip, Woji, Rumuokoro, and Rumuodara. This research was carried out between January 2005 and June 2006. Swab samples were collected from abattoirs cutting tables with sterile swab sticks and immediately transferred and cultured in the laboratory on a selective medium Sabouraud Dextrose Agar (SDA). The disinfectants’ concentrations were prepared at 10%, 20%, 40%, and 70%, in triplicates and the mean values calculated. 0.5 Mc Farland turbidity method of standardization and Agar diffusion method were used for disinfectants testing of the isolates. Statistical analysis of the data showed no significant difference in the effectiveness of these disinfectants at (p<0.05). In conclusion, this study has shown that savlon and dettol were the most potent antimicrobial agents at 10% concentration on Candida albicans isolates when compared with purit and jik in this study, hence they are good sanitizing agents to be applied on the abattoirs cutting tables, before meat products can be displayed for sale.

scholarly journals Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infection: risk factors and clinical outcome in non-intensive-care units

2012 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karinne Spirandelli Carvalho Naves ◽  
Natália Vaz da Trindade ◽  
Paulo Pinto Gontijo Filho
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Bloodstream Infection ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistance ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus Bloodstream Infection

INTRODUCTION: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is spread out in hospitals across different regions of the world and is regarded as the major agent of nosocomial infections, causing infections such as skin and soft tissue pneumonia and sepsis. The aim of this study was to identify risk factors for methicillin-resistance in Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infection (BSI) and the predictive factors for death. METHODS: A retrospective cohort of fifty-one patients presenting bacteraemia due to S. aureus between September 2006 and September 2008 was analysed. Staphylococcu aureus samples were obtained from blood cultures performed by clinical hospital microbiology laboratory from the Uberlândia Federal University. Methicillinresistance was determined by growth on oxacillin screen agar and antimicrobial susceptibility by means of the disk diffusion method. RESULTS: We found similar numbers of MRSA (56.8%) and methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) (43.2%) infections, and the overall hospital mortality ratio was 47%, predominantly in MRSA group (70.8% vs. 29.2%) (p=0.05). Age (p=0.02) was significantly higher in MRSA patients as also was the use of central venous catheter (p=0.02). The use of two or more antimicrobial agents (p=0.03) and the length of hospital stay prior to bacteraemia superior to seven days (p=0.006) were associated with mortality. High odds ratio value was observed in cardiopathy as comorbidity. CONCLUSIONS: Despite several risk factors associated with MRSA and MSSA infection, the use of two or more antimicrobial agents was the unique independent variable associated with mortality.

scholarly journals Occurrence of toxigenic Escherichia coli in raw milk cheese in Brazil

2007 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 508-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.R. Paneto ◽  
R.P. Schocken-Iturrino ◽  
C. Macedo ◽  
E. Santo ◽  
J.M. Marin
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Raw Milk Cheese

The occurrence of toxigenic Escherichia coli in raw milk cheese was surveyed in Middle Western Brazil. Fifty samples of cheese from different supermarkets were analyzed for E.coli. The isolates were serotyped and screened for the presence of verotoxigenic E. coli (VTEC) and enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). The susceptibility to thirteen antimicrobial agents was evaluated by the disk diffusion method. E.coli were recovered from 48 (96.0%) of the samples. The serogroups identified were O125 (6.0%), O111 (4.0%), O55 (2.0%) and O119 (2.0%). Three (6.0%) and 1(2.0%) of the E.coli isolates were VTEC and ETEC, respectively. Most frequent resistance was observed to the following antimicrobials: cephalothin (60.0%), nalidixic acid (40.0%), doxycyclin (33.0%), tetracycline (31.0%) and ampicillin (29.0%).

scholarly journals Urinary tract infections and antibiotic susceptibility among the patients attending B & D hospital of Lalitpur, Nepal

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 47-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yadav Prasad Joshi ◽  
Shreejeet Shrestha ◽  
Russell Kabir ◽  
Anita Thapa ◽  
Parbati Upreti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tract Infections

Background:Urinary tract infection is the most common bacterial infections in humans and serious health problem in many parts of the world. It has become more complicated in treatment due to different pathogens and increasing resistant to antimicrobial agents. This study aims to investigate the prevalence of urinary tract infection and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of pathogens among the patients attending in B & B hospital Nepal.Materials and Methods:A hospital based cross sectional study was conducted in between April 2010 to March 2011. Urine samples were collected from clinically suspected patients and tested bacteriologically using standard procedures. Antimicrobial susceptibility test was performed for isolated pathogen using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines.Results:Out of 1260 examined specimens 25.24 % were positive and majority 61.64% were females.  The most common pathogens isolated were Escherichia coli (66.67%), Enterococcus (7.55%) and Staphylococcus (6.60 %). The drug resistant among the positive cases were reported. The highest resistant of positive cases was found with Cefexime (87.88%) and Enterococcus with Ampicillin (66.67%) and Staphyllococcus with Cloxacillin (66.67%). The highest susceptibility was for Vancomycin and Ampicillin i.e. 33.33% in each.Conclusion:The findings showed that E. coli isolates were the predominant pathogen and the presence of bacterial isolates with very high resistance to the commonly prescribed drugs. As drug resistance among bacterial pathogens is an evolving process and serious issue. Therefore, routine surveillance and monitoring studies should be conducted to provide physicians knowledge on the updated and most effective empirical treatment of UTIs. Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.7(5) 2016 47-51

scholarly journals PERBANDINGAN KEMAMPUAN EKSTRAK KULIT PISANG AGUNG SEMERU DAN PISANG MAS KIRANA VARIETAS LUMAJANG DALAM MENGHAMBAT PERTUMBUHAN Candida albicans

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Dwi Nur Rikhmasari
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Optimal Concentration ◽  
Banana Peel ◽  
Anova Test ◽  
Random Design ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Peel Extract ◽  
Better Than

<p align="center"> </p><p><em>A</em><em>gung Semeru </em><em>banana </em><em>and </em><em>M</em><em>as Kirana, is one of the typical banana varieties found in Lumajang Regency. Where on the </em><em>banana peel extraction</em><em> contain various antifungi compounds. The purpose of this research is to know the difference of banana extract of Agung Semeru and banana Mas Kirana varieties of lumajang, in inhibiting the growth of pathogenic fungi Candida albicans, and to know the optimal concentration which can inhibit the growth of Candida albicans. The method used was Completely Random Design (RAL) with four of factors, that is: 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 %. The results were analyzed with Anova test and Duncan test multiple ranger test at the level of 5%. Each treatment was repeated three times. </em><em>The results show that there is an effect of giving extract of Semeru banana peel (sig = 0,00) and banana Mas Kirana (sig = 0,00) to Candida albicans growth at various concentration (0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100%). For extract of Semeru banana peel at concentration 75% (</em><em>3,19  ± 0,84</em><em> mm) showed better result from other concentration, while for banana Mas Kirana Lumajang peel extract, at concentration 50% (</em><em>2,44 ± 0,0 mm</em><em>) showed better result than treatment other. Ability of antifungal activity of Agung Semeru banana peel extract better than banana Mas Kirana.</em></p><p><em> </em></p>

scholarly journals ANTIBACTERIAL AND ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES AGAINST NEISSERIA GONORRHOEAE AND CANDIDA ALBICANS

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 179-187
Author(s):  
Titik Taufikurohmah ◽  
Tasha Anandya Tantyani
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Neisseria Gonorrhoeae ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal Activity ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Fungal Inhibition ◽  
Inhibition Response ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal

This Research on the antibacterial and antifungal activity of nanosilver against Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Candida albincas fungi has been carried out. The purpose of this study was to determine antibacterial activity of nanosilver against Neisseria gonorrhoeae and antifungal activity against Candida albincas. Synthesis Nanosilver uses bottom up method and characterized using UV-Vis Spectrophotometer. Nanosliver concentrations used were 30, 40, 50, and 60 ppm. Antibacterial and antifungal activity tests using disk diffusion method. Observations obtained in form of the presence or absence of clear zones formed around paper discs indicate the inhibition of nanosilver on microbial growth. The results of testing the antifungal activity of Candida albicans on nanosilver with concentrations of 30, 40, 50 and 60 ppm resulted in clear zones of 9.73 nm, 11.46 nm, 11.93 nm, and 13 nm with fungal inhibition response categories is medium and strong. The results antibacterial activity test of Neisseria gonorrhoeae on nanosilver with concentrations of 30, 40, 50 and 60 ppm did not show any clear zone around the disc, it showed that nanosilver in this study did not have antibacterial activity against Neisseria gonorrhoeae.

scholarly journals VARIATIONS IN ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF SYZYGIUM CUMINI OF DIFFERENT GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATIONS

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Pratibha ◽  
Nesari Tanuja ◽  
Ghildiyal Shivani ◽  
Vandhana
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Streptococcus Pyogenes ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Syzygium Cumini ◽  
Geographical Variations ◽  
Geographical Locations

The emergence of antibiotic resistance and the evolution of new strains of disease causing agents, are of highly concern to the global health community. Plants are potential source of antimicrobial agents. They have been used traditionally for prevention of infections caused by micro-organisms. Description of Krimighana herbs enumerated in Ayurveda classics is suggestive towards the importance of this group of medicine. Jambu (Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels) is a member of Myrtaceae family. In Raja Nighantu it is mentioned that plant Jambu is having Kriminashaka property. It has been widely used medicine in the prevention of various ailments like cough, Dysentary, Diabetes, inflammation and ringworm. It is well established fact that geographical variations effects the potential and activity of medicinal herbs. Hence, the present study was undertaken to investigate Syzygium cumini procured from different geographical locations including Delhi, Rajasthan and Maharashtra for their potential activity against human infections caused by pathogens. Method The aqueous extract of Syzygium cumini of all the three areas was prepared. The activity of the plant extract was evaluated against nine bacterial pathogens and one fungal strain, which include Staphyllococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhi, Klebsiella pneumonia and Candida albicans. The activity was carried out using Disk diffusion method. Result and Conclusion: All samples of Syzygium cumini showed potential antimicrobial activity against four pathogens including Staphyllococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans. MIC was also evaluated against the tested pathogenic strains. The sample from Maharashtra showed MIC i.e. 80µg, 40µg, 80µg against Staphyllococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes and Candida albicans respectively which is less as compare to sample from Rajasthan and Delhi. Region wise sample from Maharashtra showed good ZOI and MIC.

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