scholarly journals Research on the Multisectoral Impact of Infectious Diseases on the Economy

2020 ◽  
pp. 47-57
Author(s):  
Rustam Anzorovich Shortanov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Impact Analysis ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Aggregate Demand ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
International Travel ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Economic Activities

The purpose of the work is to consider the features of the multidimensional impact of the consequences of the spread of infectious diseases on the economic development of countries. The author concludes that the process of public health exposure to regional or global new and endemic infectious diseases may have broader socio-economic consequences that are often not taken into account when assessing risk or impact. With the spread of international travel and trade, such events can cause economic shocks that go far beyond the traditional health sectors and the original geographical range of the pathogen. Intensive economic specialization and a broader division of labor, accompanied by expanding markets and increasing economic globalization, increase the risk of people coming into contact with sources that contribute to highly contagious diseases such as influenza and COVID-19. The adverse economic consequences of new forms or types of these diseases can be serious, taking into account the high degree of interdependence of economic activities in the modern economy. For example, the absence of workers from work due to such infections or the risks of these infections can disrupt production at the workplace level. Also, supply chains can be disrupted or disrupted by these pandemics, and in addition, they usually have a negative impact on aggregate demand for goods. This is evidenced by the COVID-19 outbreak, which led to a serious global economic depression. The occurrence and consequences of epidemics and pandemics depend on the nature and stages of economic development. The economic and social structure of modern society contributes to the transmission of diseases that depend on human contact or presence, especially those that are caused by airborne microbes or persist on commonly used surfaces. The study concluded that public and private stakeholders at the local, national and international levels should work together to address the economic consequences of infectious diseases, to provide informed systems and risk and impact analysis, and to promote cost-sharing strategies for prevention and preparedness where possible, and to evaluate optimal intervention strategies when necessary. Developments related to infectious diseases in today's globalized world require increased responsibility for preserving people's health and economic security.

scholarly journals Socio-economic aspects of tourism in the modern society

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 125-154
Author(s):  
Jelena Premović ◽  
Ljiljana Arsić
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Economic Aspects ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Tourist Destination ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
The Individual

The specificity of the tourist market and the connection of modern tourist products with numerous economic and non-economic activities cause the multiplicity of socio-economic effects of tourism. The development of tourism creates opportunities for a number of other activities, which means that tourism is a significant factor in boosting the overall economic development. Tourism plays a particularly important role in the overall socio-economic development of underdeveloped countries and regions. Tourism can contribute to positive socio-economic development, but at the same time, inadequate and uncontrolled management of a tourist destination can have negative socio-cultural, but also economic consequences. The paper investigates the basic socio-cultural and economic aspects and impacts of tourism. The authors pay special attention to the analysis of the multiplying effects of tourism on the development of a particular destination. Starting from the history of travel and tourism as an activity, key motives and socio-economic effects, the 2008 World Economic Crisis, its origin, causes, and consequences of its impact on the entire world economy, especially tourism, the authors analyzed the current economic indicators of tourism activity in the world economy and projections of expected trends. In this paper, the focus of the analysis is on the tourist travel and economic and socio-cultural impact of tourism on the tourist destination, the individual, and the society as a whole.

Problems of socioeconomic development of the districts of the central ecological zone of Lake Baikal in the Irkutsk Region, demographic and environmental factors

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 442-453
Author(s):  
Timur Miryazov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Lake Baikal ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Ecological Zone ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Irkutsk Region ◽  
Socio Economic Development

The article deals with the current demographic, economic, social, and environmental problems of three districts of the Irkutsk Region, which are part of the Central Ecological Zone of the Baikal Natural Territory. The study was conducted using statistical data from the Federal State Statistics Service, articles and monographs on the topic under consideration, data from sociological surveys, mass media, and information obtained during a scientific expedition to Lake Baikal, in which the author participated. The socio-economic development of municipalities within the boundaries of the Central Ecological Zone of Lake Baikal remains difficult due to environmental legislation that restricts the economic development of the territory. The inability to fully use land resources provokes the local population to migrate. Tourism is one of the few economic activities permitted in the coastal area of the Lake Baikal. Despite the growing number of tourists visiting the region every year, the weak level of economic diversification of the municipalities threatens the prospects for sustainable socio-economic development. The region risks losing most of its revenue in the event of political, economic, or epidemiological shocks. The development of other types of economic activities will contribute to the socio-economic security of the areas under consideration. This is also influenced by the demographic potential of the territory – the employment of local residents and the training of personnel will allow us to effectively implement alternative directions of economic development. It is also important to develop other types of economic activities in connection with the negative impact of tourists on the ecosystem of Lake Baikal. The revision of the approaches to the economic, social, and environmental policies carried out in the region is an urgent task today

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF TAX GAPS ON THE FINANCIAL AND ECONOMIC SECURITY OF THE COUNTRY

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inna Tiutiunyk ◽  
Julia Belous
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Tax Evasion ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Financial Policy ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Complex Concept ◽  
Tax Revenues ◽  
The Impact

Trends in the development of the main components of financial and economic security of the country indicate their significant variability and dependence on a combination of internal and external factors. An important place among the drivers of influence on the level of financial and economic security is occupied by tax revenues. Given the prolonged national and transnational market turbulence, which is observed in most sectors of the economy, one of the biggest threats to the financial and economic security of most countries is the presence of a significant volume of shadow operations. The consequences of their implementation are the lack of tax revenues in the budget and the reduction of the country's financial viability in financing economic development programs. The purpose of the article is to study the impact of tax gaps on the level of financial and economic security of the country. In the paper, the essence of the financial and economic security of the country, which is proposed to be understood as a complex concept, integrates the features of economic and financial development of the economic system. Based on the systematization of scientific literatures, the main tasks and functions of financial and economic security of the country including realization of goals and objectives of financial policy and formation of favorable conditions for economically sustainable development and growth, highlights the characteristics of this concept are substantiated. The paper identifies three characteristic features of the financial and economic security of the country: as an indicator of its ability to protect the interests of society in a volatile external and internal environment; economically sustainable development and growth; leveling threats to the internal and external environment. The role of tax gaps in reducing the level of financial and economic security of the country is substantiated, the probability of formation of tax gaps in the economy is predicted, measures to minimize tax evasion as components of increasing its financial and economic security are proposed. The established interdependencies should serve as a basis for the transformation of state economic and financial policy in Ukraine in terms of minimizing the negative impact of the shadow sector of the economy on the indicators of economic development of the state.

scholarly journals Food Security is one of the Most Important Conditions for Economic Development

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kasira Nazarmatova ◽  
Saule Ermekbaeva
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Practical Interest ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Social Stability

Food security is one of the most important aspects of socio-economic development in Kyrgyzstan. Therefore, studies done in this field of research are of significant theoretical and practical interest. Resolutions of food security issues are one of the conditions for the preservation of state sovereignty, economic security and social stability in society, ultimately, national security. Food safety is important, in terms of strategic interests of the country, and its solution requires: to satisfy public demand for food products; providing industry with raw materials of local manufacture; preservation of social, political and social stability in society; to prevent dependency of the national economy on changes; conditions related to the world markets, the development of internal agricultural production, food and processing industry; neutralization of some import to ensure stable employment and income in rural areas; preservation of ethnic - national characteristics of the local population by creating opportunities for 'survival' of the village: prevention of major foreign exchange expenditure on food imports: the neutralization of the negative impact on the local food market crises in foreign countries - exporters and importers of food products.

scholarly journals THE INFLUENCE OF THE SHADOW ECONOMY ON THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF UKRAINE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuliia Romanovska ◽  
Lily Strapachuk
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Shadow Economy ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
The State ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
High Inflation ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact

The article considers the approaches to the interpretation of the category "shadow economy", which causes a variety of approaches to assessing the impact of the shadow economy on the socio-economic development of Ukraine. The spread of the pandemic and the complication of economic conditions, formed as a result of the introduction of forced restrictive measures, have led to the growth of the shadow economy in Ukraine. The index of shadowing of the economic sphere in relation to the inflation index and the level of the state budget deficit has been studied. The factors that led to the shadowing of the economy and caused the growth of the share of the shadow sector in the economy of Ukraine are highlighted. The main components of shadow employment are identified. Business entities operating in the shadow sector have significantly more competitive advantages and much higher efficiency than legally operating businesses. As a result, such enterprises are an obstacle to the flow of funds to the budgets of all levels of the country, and as a consequence, have a negative impact on socio-economic development in general. In recent years, state budget expenditures have been growing too slowly, which indicates a high level of shadowing of the economy in conditions of high inflation and, consequently, negatively affects the socio-economic security of society. Budget expenditures are closely linked to public policy, which allows the state to curb the level of economic shadowing through measures to reform relevant areas. It is investigated that the State budget expenditures grow too slowly, which indicates a high level of shadowing of the economy in conditions of high inflation. The paper substantiates the reasons for the growth of the shadow economy and identifies the main measures to reduce shadow employment, the manifestations of which are the deformation of social and economic institutions of the state. The de-shadowing of the economy provides citizens with the right to social protection, in the form of social guarantees in case of unemployment, temporary incapacity for work, accidents or occupational diseases during official work, pensions, etc.

scholarly journals Analysis of Social Differentiation of Population in the Region

2020 ◽  
pp. 038-044
Author(s):  
T. A. Bondarskaya ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Social Differentiation ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Social Sphere ◽  
The Social ◽  
Comprehensive Development ◽  
Radical Transformation

The choice and implementation of the appropriate strategy for the socio-economic development of the region are fundamental for meeting the social needs of citizens. At present, when determining the vector of economic development, municipalities take into account the trends in the development of society and the social problems arising in it, as well as their economic consequences. However, the radical transformation of the social sphere, which is so important for modern society, namely its social security, does not cease to segment society into opposite strata of different status. This topic is especially relevant for modern conditions, when the state guardianship is increasing in matters of conducting a modern and active social policy. The main task in this direction is the creation of such conditions for the population of the region, which could contribute to the comprehensive development of the social sphere. The analysis of indicators of the social sphere of the Tambov region is carried out, as well as problems and tasks for their solution are identified.

Formation of the financial and economic security system at the enterprise

2021 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
pp. 78-84
Author(s):  
A. Dovgal ◽  
N. Parkhomenko
Keyword(s):  
Financial Stability ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Financial Flows ◽  
Financial Activity ◽  
Financial Condition ◽  
Security Indicators ◽  
The Right

The necessity of formation of financial and economic security at the enterprise in modern conditions of unstable financial situation in the country is defined. The concept of «financial and economic security» is substantiated, especially that financial and economic security is the financial and economic condition of the enterprise, through which the financial and economic interests of the company should be protected from negative external and internal factors and create the necessary financial and economic conditions for continuous successful activity and sustainable development of the enterprise. Statistics on the difficult financial security situation for both enterprises and the country are presented. The main indicators of the system and components for the formation of financial and economic security at the enterprise are analyzed. It is determined that the main factors of financial and economic security of the enterprise are: the level of financial resources; stability and firmness of the financial condition of the enterprise; balance of financial flows; the nature of financial and economic activities of the enterprise and the degree of its efficiency. Stages of formation of financial and economic security are to determine the types and causes of negative impact on the company and determine its financial condition, assessment of the current level of its security. Indicators for assessing the efficiency of the enterprise and the current state of financial and economic security of the company are presented. All these measures are aimed at ensuring the balance and sustainability of financial and economic security of the company, which consists in the effective implementation of currency, investment, settlement, stock, monetary policies, etc. as a prerequisite for the effectiveness of economic activity of the business entity. The following ways of improvement of financial and economic system are offered: improvement of normative-legal protection of all spheres of activity; ensuring the reliability of staff; protection of information used by the enterprise; effective monitoring of finances and risks of financial activity; increasing financial stability and independence by ensuring the efficiency of core activities, competitiveness of products and / or services; the right choice of strategies for market behavior.

The Economic Consequences of Political Hierarchy: Evidence from Regime Changes in China, 1000-2000 C.E.

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-45
Author(s):  
Ying Bai ◽  
Ruixue Jia
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Transportation Networks ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Public Employment ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Regime Changes ◽  
Political Status ◽  
Political Hierarchy ◽  
The Status ◽  
Provincial Capital

Abstract We study how political hierarchy shapes regional development in China, using variations driven by regime changes during the 1000–2000 period. We find that changes in the status of the provincial capital led to the rise and decline of different prefectures as measured by population and urbanization. Two other novel findings stand out: (1) the economic advantages of the provincial capitals did not persist if they lost their political status, and (2) political hierarchy shaped economic development not only through public employment but also through the development of important infrastructure, such as transportation networks. Our findings highlight the importance of politics in determining the locations of economic activities.

scholarly journals Study of Opportunities on Sharia-based Securities Instruments to Enhance the Economic Development in Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-181
Author(s):  
Arif Effendi
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Public Housing ◽  
Social System ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
The State ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
State Budget ◽  
The Social

The purpose of Sharia Economics is to realize the goodness, prosperity, and prosperity of human beings, especially in the economic field. Islamic Sharia prohibits the practice of usury in all its economic activities, because of its negative impact on the social system and the economy of society. Article 1 of Law Number 19 Year 2008 stipulates that the State Sharia Securities or Sukuk, is state securities issued under sharia principles, so It must be free from various elements of the ban, such as usury, maysir, and gharar. Sukuk issuance aims to finance the State Budget, including financing the construction of projects, such as infrastructure projects in the energy sector, telecommunications, transportation, agriculture, manufacturing industry, and public housing. Therefore, the participation of Muslims as the majority in Indonesia are needed to become the investor. The method used in this article is librarian research. In describing, analyzing, and evaluating, we used the regulation concerning with state sharia securities in Indonesia such as Law Number 19 year 2008 and Fatwa of National Sharia Council No: 69/DSN-MUI/VI/2008 concerning State Sharia Securities. Participating as an investor in the State Sharia Securities means participating in developing the country

scholarly journals An empirical impact analysis of Agribusiness Development Project of Bangladesh

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-72
Author(s):  
PK Sarma ◽  
SK Raha
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Impact Analysis ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Poor People ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Project Objectives ◽  
The Impact

The aim of the study was to identify the extent of the project objectives are implemented and the impact of the project. The sample size was determinate by using cluster sampling techniques with considering the design effect which was covered 1281 sample from ASA 518, BRAC 347and TMSS 415. Data was collected by pre-determine interview schedule, FGD, KII and observation methods in the year 2016. The collected data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and econometric model using the SPSS software. The result revealed that the project beneficiaries homestead, garden ponds and land on the amount of positive and negative impact on the amount of agricultural land and created employment of 2320 person in the beneficiary entrepreneurs 2104 people full-time and part-time jobs have been created. According to both the groups jobs have been created due to project activities in project area. The project has created 33432 agribusiness entrepreneurs and about three times a job was generated by them and 90524 person’s employment in rural and semi-urban areas. It help to increase monthly income on an average 30.07% which contribute to socio-economic development of the area and economy through providing support to rural poor people and creation rural entrepreneurs. The credit diversion of producers, processors, marketers and input suppliers of beneficiary group was less by 8.09%, 29.01%, 20.37% and 17.80%, respectively. This study has been undertaken as an examining to assess the role and significance of agribusiness in Bangladesh along with the present situation and future prospective. Agribusiness plays a vital role to the increased income realized by the farmers. The study recommended that the agribusiness has positive impact on income of the farmers, increased commercialization and economic development in Bangladesh.J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 15(1): 62-72, January 2017

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