Evaluation of the Quality of Irrigated Soil by Wastewater in Taiz City, Yemen

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-44
Author(s):  
Soad A. Alsabban ◽  
Abdullatif A. Almunaifi
Keyword(s):  
Soil Texture ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Untreated Wastewater ◽  
Untreated Sewage ◽  
High Level

A field study was conducted for soil which was irrigated by partially treated and untreated sewage in the Surroundings of Taiz City. The study aims at evaluating the level of degradation on agricultural soil in the study area as a result of the wastewater application. Four samples of soils have been collected from four different sites within the areas of Al-Qurf, Al-Hawajalah, Al-Buraihy and Hidran Al-Dabab, in addition to a control sample of soil from agricultural land irrigated only from seasonal rainwater at Mafraq Sharab. The results of mechanical analysis of the soil showed that the soil texture at the four different sites varied from one location to another. For instance, at Al-Qurf and al-Hawjalah areas, the soil texture was found to be Silt-Loam, whereas at Al-Buraihy and Hidran Al Dabab, the soil texture was clay, while the soil texture in Mafraq Sharab was loam. The results of the chemical analysis of the soil samples indicate that the soil irrigated from partially treated and untreated wastewater compared to the irrigated soil of rainwater was most affected by the high level of salinity and the calcium carbonate ratio. In addition, the chemical and heavy metals elements contents of the soil are high which is probably accumulated in soil over several years. This suggests an action of rapid treatment of land where salinity has accumulated significantly through soil rehabilitation, including soil tillage mixed with limited quantities of gypsum and soil leach with fresh, low-salty water, and thus soil cultivation with barley or sorghum yield and rotation of freshwater and treated wastewater irrigation.

scholarly journals Characteristics Study of Land for Agriculture in Sembalun

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 207
Author(s):  
Azmi Annisa Irradhiyah
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Soil Texture ◽  
Soil Structure ◽  
Field Data ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Class I ◽  
Slope Length ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Objective Research

This research aims to get the data, manage, analyze and discuss the characteristics of the study of Agricultural Land in Sembalun visits: 1 ) Characteristics of agricultural land, 2) Level of agricultural land suitability. This type of research is quantitative. This study population across the districts in East Lombok, amounting to 20 District of the District Keruak, Jerowaru, Sakra, Sakra West, Sakra East, Terara, Montong Ivory, Sikur, Masbagik, Pringgasela, Sukamulia, Suralaga, Selong, Labuhan Haji, Pringgabaya , Suela, Aikmel, Wanasaba Sembalun and Sambelia. Sampling in this study using Purvosive Sampling. Samples are Sembalun subdistrict. Mechanical Analysis by objective research of agricultural land characteristics observed descriptively and databulasi of the field data belongs to the growing requirements of agriculture which can be seen from the slope, soil structure, slope length, slope shape, texture soil, land use criteria. The research found that: 1) Characteristics of agricultural land in Sembalun, had several criteria: a slope in the category Sembalun including steep or less suitable for agriculture by 46-65% kemiringin slope, soil to soil Sembalun criteria granular, blocky or appropriate agricultural land and have long used the medium to long 15-50m, soil texture Sembalun criteria belong to the category of rough because it is composed by sand-plated, dusty sand, slope shape in Sembalun belong to the variation convex with dignity 2 for observation location along notching it is always a convex slope, land use Sembalun belong to the criterion of berlukar / mixed farms with dignity 2. Because along the way, the land berlukar / mixed farms. 2) Suitability of farmland in Sembalun based on the results of pengharkatan to 6 land characteristics, the number value obtained was 12 with class suitability for agricultural land belonging to the class I (land suitable for agriculture).

scholarly journals Peramalan Kebutuhan Air Untuk Penyiapan Lahan Menggunakan Metode Siklis (Studi Kasus Daerah Irigasi Bendungan Batu Bulan Kec.Moyo Hulu)

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (01) ◽  
pp. 25-34
Author(s):  
Koko Hermanto ◽  
Silvia Firda Utami
Keyword(s):  
Soil Texture ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Water Discharge ◽  
Water Requirements ◽  
Irrigation Systems ◽  
Irrigation Area ◽  
Land Preparation ◽  
High Level ◽  
Irrigation Agriculture

Abstract. The area of agriculture in the Moyo Hulu sub-district of Sumbawa Regency is 6000 hectares with irrigation water sources from Batu Bulan Dam, which is the largest dam in Sumbawa Regency with an area of 932 hectares. Considering that Sumbawa Regency is one of the regions with a high level of drought, information on irrigation water requirements for land preparation needs to be known because it can optimize the allocation of the use of dam water discharge. And one of the important stages needed in the planning and management of irrigation systems. Based on this, the aim of this study is to forecast water requirements for land preparation in the irrigation area of Batu Bulan Dam by using cyclical methods because the data patterns are cyclical or seasonal. The factors that influence water requirements for preparing agricultural land are topography, hydrology, climatology and soil texture. From these factors, the data is then analysed so that the volume of water preparation needs to be obtained every month so that the results of the analysis can be predicted for the next period. Keyword: Forecasting, Cyclic methods, water requirements for land preparation, irrigation, agriculture.   Abstrak. Luas area pertanian di kecamatan Moyo Hulu Kabupaten Sumbawa sebesar 6000 hektar dengan sumber air irigasi dari Bendungan Batu Bulan yang merupakan bendungan terbesar di Kabupaten Sumbawa dengan luas 932 hektar. Mengingat Kabupaten Sumbawa salah satu wilayah dengan tingkat kekeringan yang cukup tinggi maka Informasi kebutuhan air irigasi untuk penyiapan lahan perlu diketahui karena dapat mengoptimalkan pengalokasian pengunaan debit air bendungan. Serta salah satu tahap penting yang diperlukan dalam perencanaan dan pengelolaan sistem irigasi. Berdasarkan hal tersebut tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah meramalkan kebutuhan air untuk penyiapan lahan di daerah irigasi Bendungan Batu Bulan dengan menngunakan metode siklis karena pola datanya bersifat siklis atau musiman. Adapun faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kebutuhan air untuk penyiapan lahan pertanian adalah topografi, hidrologi, klimatologi dan tekstur tanah. Dari data-data faktor tersebut selanjutnya dianalisa sehingga diperoleh volume kebutuhan air penyiapan lahan setiap bulannya sehingga dari hasil analisa tersebut dapat diramalkan untuk periode berikutnya. Keyword: Peramalan, metode Siklis,Kebutuhan air penyiapan lahan, irigasi, pertanian.      

scholarly journals IMPACT OF WORKING SPEED ON SOIL PARTICLES TRANSFER DURING SECONDARY SOIL TILLAGE

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josef HŮLA ◽  
Petr NOVÁK
Keyword(s):  
Wind Erosion ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Soil Particle ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Soil Particles ◽  
Spring Cereals ◽  
Soil Preparation

Displacement of soil particles by erosion can be seen as a major threat to the quality of agricultural land in the conditions of Czech Republic. While the effects of water and wind erosion have long been investigated and reported, the effect of soil tillage technology on soil particles translocation are relatively new area of agriculture research. Soil tillage may contribute to the undesirable translocation of soil particles towards lower-lying parts of fields especially on slopes. The effect of soil tillage implements on soil particle translocation has not been sufficiently explained yet. The object of this research was to assess the influence of different operating speed of power harrow on soil particle translocation during secondary tillage (soil preparation). Measurements to determine the displacement of soil particles were performed in location Nesperská Lhota in the Central Bohemia Region. Measurements were performed on a sandy loam cambisol after harvest spring cereals (oat for sillage production). To indicate displacement of soil particles was used grit of white limestone (size 10-16 mm). Limestone was put down into the trench with known position orthogonal to the direction of working operations. Subsequently were performed working operations in the specified sequence. Limestone particles were counted and weighed in each section. It was detected by measuring the different nature of displacement. Statistical significance of differences in the weight of translocated particles was evaluated for different operating speeds of power harrow from 4.5 to 12 km.h-1.

DECOLOURIZATION AND COD REMOVAL OF WASEWATER FROM ETHANOL PRODUCTION PROCESS FROM MOLASSES BY COAGULANTION USING INORGANIC ALUM

2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 92-102
Author(s):  
Trung Duc Le
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Production ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Cod Removal ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Biological Methods ◽  
Treatment Step ◽  
Main Material

The industrial production of ethanol by fermentation using molasses as main material that generates large quantity of wastewater. This wastewater contains high levels of colour and chemical oxygen demand (COD), that may causes serious environmental pollution. Most available treatment processes in Vietnam rely on biological methods, which often fail to treat waste water up to discharge standard. As always, it was reported that quality of treated wastewater could not meet Vietnameses discharge standard. So, it is necessary to improve the treatment efficiency of whole technological process and therefore, supplemental physico-chemical treatment step before biodegradation stage should be the appropriate choice. This study was carried out to assess the effect of coagulation process on decolourization and COD removal in molasses-based ethanol production wastewater using inorganic coaglutant under laboratory conditions. The experimental results showed that the reductions of COD and colour with the utilization of Al2(SO4)3 at pH 9.5 were 83% and 70%, respectively. Mixture FeSO4 – Al2(SO4)3 at pH 8.5 reduced 82% of colour and 70% of COD. With the addition of Polyacrylamide (PAM), the reduction efficiencies of colour, COD and turbidity by FeSO4 – Al2(SO4)3 were 87%, 73.1% and 94.1% correspondingly. It was indicated that PAM significantly reduced the turbidity of wastewater, however it virtually did not increase the efficiencies of colour and COD reduction. Furthermore, the coagulation processes using PAM usually produces a mount of sludge which is hard to be deposited.

Heart Rate Recovery Changes during Competition Period in High-Level Basketball Players

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (80) ◽  
Author(s):  
Audrius Gocentas ◽  
Anatoli Landõr ◽  
Aleksandras Kriščiūnas
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Recovery ◽  
Team Sports ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Coeffi Cients ◽  
Competition Period ◽  
Monitoring Training ◽  
Intense Training ◽  
High Level

Research background and hypothesis. Replete schedule of competitions and intense training are features of contemporary team sports. Athletes, especially the most involved ones, may not have enough time to recover. As a consequence, aggregated fatigue can manifest in some undesirable form and affect athlete’s performance and health.Research aim. The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in heart rate recovery (HRR) and investigate possible relations with sport-specifi c measures of effi cacy in professional basketball players during competition season.Research methods. Eight male high-level basketball players (mean ± SD, body mass, 97.3 ± 11.33 kg; height 2.02 ± 0.067 m, and age 23 ± 3.12 years) were investigated. The same basketball specifi c exercise was replicated several times from September till April during the practice sessions in order to assess the personal trends of HRR. Heart rate monitoring was performed using POLAR TEAM SYSTEM. Investigated athletes were ranked retrospectively according to the total amount of minutes played and the coeffi cients of effi cacy. Research results. There were signifi cant differences in the trends of HRR between the investigated players. The most effective players showed decreasing trends of HRR in all cases of ranking.Discussion and conclusions. Research fi ndings have shown that the quality of heart rate recovery differs between basketball players of the same team and could be associated with sport-specifi c effi cacy and competition playing time.Keywords: adaptation, autonomic control, monitoring training.

About Innovative Content of Subject-Oriented Pedagogical Education

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (10) ◽  
pp. 106-117
Author(s):  
R. M. Asadullin
Keyword(s):  
Teacher Education ◽  
Teacher Training ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Subject Knowledge ◽  
Technological Structure ◽  
State Pedagogical ◽  
High Level ◽  
Competencies Development

The continuous modernization of the education system makes the problems of the quality of teacher training increasingly relevant. Moreover, the measures taken to improve the system of teacher education are largely confined to the introduction of new organizational and managerial mechanisms and practically do not affect the internal content and technological structure of the teacher training process.Modern pedagogical universities are constantly looking for innovative models of training teachers that will be able to solve non-standard social and professional tasks. However, recent studies in this area do not fully take into account the nature of pedagogical activity and conditions of its formation. Thus, the need arises for a special study of the processes and means of updating the content and technologies of teacher training in order to control the level of students’ professional competencies development, as required by educational and professional standards. This means the creation of a special educational system in a pedagogical university, which can provide a harmonious and synchronous mastering by future specialists of both subject knowledge and methods of pedagogical activity.The article provides a theoretical study aimed at identifying key patterns of designing a new content for teacher education, the basis of which is the formation of a future teacher as a subject of his own professional activity. The author describes the experience of using a subject-oriented model of education, implemented at Bashkir State Pedagogical University n.a. M. Akmulla. The effectiveness of this model is confirmed by the high level of students’ mastery of designing methods and constructing the educational process, as well as their positive experience in the implementation of educational activities.

PKM Kelompok Tani Tan Selo 1 dan Tan Selo 2 Desa Sukomaju Kecamatan Srono Kabupaten Banyuwangi Jawa Timur dalam Meningkatkan Nilai Ekonomis Pisang dan Strategi Pemasarannya

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Fitri Nurmasari ◽  
Raup Padillah
Keyword(s):  
Community Service ◽  
Online Shopping ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Marketing Strategies ◽  
Service Programs ◽  
Community Service Programs ◽  
Farmer Groups ◽  
The Village

Banyuwangi Regency is one of the agricultural centers in East Java province and Indonesia. Mostly,Banyuwangi people work as farmers due to the fertil soil and wide amount of agricultural land in Banyuwangi . Thelarge number of people who work as farmers initiating the formation of farmer groups. One of the farmer groups in theSrono sub-district of Banyuwangi is the "Tan Selo 1" farmers group located in the village of Sukomaju and the "TanSelo 2" farmers group in Sukonatar village. The normal average price of one banana bunch in Banyuwangi is between50-60 thousand depending on the type and quality of bananas. Problems arise when the quantity of bananas in the marketarose, the price of 1 bunch of bananas decreases dramatically. The price of 1 bunch which is usually set at 50-60thousand drops drastically to only 20-30 thousand. This is certainly a problem for farmers in the Tan Selo group. The lackof knowledge of Tan Selo farmers about alternative variants of processed banana based products and the lack ofknowledge of the marketing strategies make it hard for the Tan Selo farmers to increase the economic value of bananaswhich have been used as an alternative income for farmers. Therefore, the solutions offered to overcome the problems offarmers include: equipping and improving farmers' knowledge about the variety of processed banana-based foods andtheir marketing strategies, conducting training to make variations on banana-based foods, conducting training oneffective marketing strategies. Overall, a series of community service programs were carried out perfectly as it expected.The percentage of participants' understanding in choosing high quality bananas is 85%, the percentage of participants’ability in processing banana-based foods is 86%, and percentage of participants who successfully sell processed foodproducts by utilizing online shopping sites is 70%

Analisis Soal Matematika Tipe Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) Tingkat SMP

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-129
Author(s):  
Lelly Oktafiana ◽  
Iis Holisin ◽  
Himmatul Mursyidah
Keyword(s):  
Power Level ◽  
Thinking Skills ◽  
Higher Order Thinking Skills ◽  
National Examination ◽  
Class Viii ◽  
Valid Test ◽  
Grade Material ◽  
Data Collection Technique ◽  
High Level

This study aims to describe the quality of the 2018 Mathematics National Examination (UN) in the HOTS types at the junior high level in terms of the level of validity, reliability, problem differentiation power, level of difficulty and distractor. This type of research is a descriptive study. The research was conducted at SMP Muhammadiyah 4 Surabaya and SMP Negeri 13 Surabaya for students in class VIII. The data collection technique used is a test. The test was taken from the 2018 math UN questions in odd semester VIII grade material including HOTS type. The number of UN mathematics questions in 2018 in the odd semester VIII class material consisted of 12 questions with 25% including LOTS types and 75% including HOTS types. The results showed: (1) 100% valid test questions, (2) high question reliability, (3) good problem differentiation power, (4) the difficuly level of the question 77,77% categorized as moderate and 2 question 22,23% are categorized as difficult, (5) there are 2 questions with one of the answer options do not work.

scholarly journals Detection of untreated sewage discharges to watercourses using machine learning

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Hammond ◽  
Michael Suttie ◽  
Vaughan T. Lewis ◽  
Ashley P. Smith ◽  
Andrew C. Singer
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Training Data ◽  
Regulatory Oversight ◽  
Untreated Wastewater ◽  
Untreated Sewage ◽  
Water Companies ◽  
Analytical Approaches ◽  
Sewage Discharges

AbstractMonitoring and regulating discharges of wastewater pollution in water bodies in England is the duty of the Environment Agency. Identification and reporting of pollution events from wastewater treatment plants is the duty of operators. Nevertheless, in 2018, over 400 sewage pollution incidents in England were reported by the public. We present novel pollution event reporting methodologies to identify likely untreated sewage spills from wastewater treatment plants. Daily effluent flow patterns at two wastewater treatment plants were supplemented by operator-reported incidents of untreated sewage discharges. Using machine learning, known spill events served as training data. The probability of correctly classifying a randomly selected pair of ‘spill’ and ‘no-spill’ effluent patterns was above 96%. Of 7160 days without operator-reported spills, 926 were classified as involving a ‘spill’. The analysis also suggests that both wastewater treatment plants made non-compliant discharges of untreated sewage between 2009 and 2020. This proof-of-principle use of machine learning to detect untreated wastewater discharges can help water companies identify malfunctioning treatment plants and inform agencies of unsatisfactory regulatory oversight. Real-time, open access flow and alarm data and analytical approaches will empower professional and citizen scientific scrutiny of the frequency and impact of untreated wastewater discharges, particularly those unreported by operators.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Physiological and Quality Parameters of Green Asparagus Spears Subjected to Three Treatments against the Decline Syndrome

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 937
Author(s):  
Francisco Javier López-Moreno ◽  
Santiago Atero-Calvo ◽  
Eloy Navarro-León ◽  
Begoña Blasco ◽  
Teresa Soriano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Death ◽  
Amino Acid Profile ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Asparagus Officinalis ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Whole Plants ◽  
High Level ◽  
Green Asparagus

Green asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L.) is a widely grown and consumed crop which provides high-level nutritional interest. In recent years, the decline syndrome in asparagus plantations has been rapidly augmenting. This syndrome causes the early death of whole plants, also negatively affecting the new replanting. Decline causes notable economic losses in the sector. The objective of this work was to verify the effect of different treatments against asparagus decline syndrome on the physiological parameters and nutritional quality of the spears. To meet the objective, four different treatments were applied to asparagus plots strongly affected by decline syndrome: (T1) untreated control soil, (T2) biofumigation with Brassica pellets, (T3) biofumigation with chicken manure pellets, and (T4) disinfestation of the soil with Dazomet. The cumulative yield and physiological and quality parameters of green asparagus spears were studied. Thus, malondialdehyde (MDA), photosynthetic pigments, glutathione (GSH), ascorbate (AsA), total phenols, flavonoids, anthocyanin, antioxidant test, mineral nutrients, and the amino acid profile were measured on asparagus spears. The results showed that the Brassica pellets and Dazomet treatments were the most effective against the damage caused by the decline syndrome. However, it would be necessary to monitor the evolution in the following years.

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