scholarly journals Sigfox and LoRaWAN Datasets for Fingerprint Localization in Large Urban and Rural Areas

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michiel Aernouts ◽  
Rafael Berkvens ◽  
Koen Van Vlaenderen ◽  
Maarten Weyn
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Estimation Error ◽  
Location Estimation ◽  
Location Based Services ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Wide Area Network ◽  
Location Data ◽  
Outdoor Environments ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

Because of the increasing relevance of the Internet of Things and location-based services, researchers are evaluating wireless positioning techniques, such as fingerprinting, on Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) communication. In order to evaluate fingerprinting in large outdoor environments, extensive, time-consuming measurement campaigns need to be conducted to create useful datasets. This paper presents three LPWAN datasets which are collected in large-scale urban and rural areas. The goal is to provide the research community with a tool to evaluate fingerprinting algorithms in large outdoor environments. During a period of three months, numerous mobile devices periodically obtained location data via a GPS receiver which was transmitted via a Sigfox or LoRaWAN message. Together with network information, this location data is stored in the appropriate LPWAN dataset. The first results of our basic fingerprinting implementation, which is also clarified in this paper, indicate a mean location estimation error of 214.58 m for the rural Sigfox dataset, 688.97 m for the urban Sigfox dataset and 398.40 m for the urban LoRaWAN dataset. In the future, we will enlarge our current datasets and use them to evaluate and optimize our fingerprinting methods. Also, we intend to collect additional datasets for Sigfox, LoRaWAN and NB-IoT.

scholarly journals Is global dimming and brightening in Japan limited to urban areas?

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katsumasa Tanaka ◽  
Atsumu Ohmura ◽  
Doris Folini ◽  
Martin Wild ◽  
Nozomu Ohkawara
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Surface Radiation ◽  
Surface Solar Radiation ◽  
Decadal Time Scale ◽  
Global Dimming ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

Abstract. Observations worldwide indicate secular trends of all-sky surface solar radiation on decadal time scale, termed global dimming and brightening. Accordingly, the observed surface radiation in Japan generally shows a strong decline till the end of the 1980s and then a recovery toward around 2000. Because a substantial number of measurement stations are located within or proximate to populated areas, one may speculate that the observed trends are strongly influenced by local air pollution and are thus not of large-scale significance. This hypothesis poses a serious question as to what regional extent the global dimming and brightening are significant: Are the global dimming and brightening truly global phenomena, or regional or even only local? Our study focused on 14 meteorological observatories that measured all-sky surface solar radiation, zenith transmittance, and maximum transmittance. On the basis of municipality population time series, historical land use maps, recent satellite images, and actual site visits, we concluded that eight stations had been significantly influenced by urbanization, with the remaining six stations being left pristine. Between the urban and rural areas, no marked differences were identified in the temporal trends of the aforementioned meteorological parameters. Our finding suggests that global dimming and brightening in Japan occurred on a large scale, independently of urbanization.

scholarly journals A Long-range Context-aware Platform Design For Rural Monitoring With IoT In Precision Agriculture

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Deniz TAŞKIN ◽  
Selçuk YAZAR
Keyword(s):  
Long Range ◽  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Context Aware ◽  
Wide Area Network ◽  
Performance Measurements ◽  
Iot Applications

The Internet of Things (IoT) applications has been developing greatly in recent years to solve communication problems, especially in rural areas. Within the IoT, the context-awareness paradigm, especially in precision agricultural practices, has come to a state of the planning of production time. As smart cities approach, the smart environment approach also increases its place in IoT applications and has dominated research in recent years in literature. In this study, soil and environmental information were collected in 17 km diameter in rural area with developed Long Range (LoRa) based context-aware platform. With the developed sensor and actuator control unit, soil moisture at 5 cm and 30 cm depth and soil surface temperature information were collected and the communication performance was investigated. During the study, the performance measurements of the developed Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) enabled Long Range Wide Area Network (LoRaWAN) gateway were also performed.

Setting the Stage for the Integration of Demand Responsive Transport and Location-Based Services

2010 ◽  
pp. 52-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank van der Hoeven
Keyword(s):  
Transport System ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Spatial Development ◽  
Location Based Services ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Collective Transport ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

Demand responsive transport systems such as paratransit could deliver services that collective transport simply cannot provide. Location-based services may be capable of bridging the divide between transport services without fixed routes, stops or schedules and their potential users. This chapter outlines how the integration of demand responsive transport and location-based services may help to deliver a flexible transport system that is sensitive to the needs of individual users in urban and rural areas. Such a system would have the potential to liberate urbanism from the need to orient spatial development on rigid transit lines.

scholarly journals LoRaWAN Mesh Networks: A Review and Classification of Multihop Communication

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (15) ◽  
pp. 4273
Author(s):  
Jeferson Rodrigues Cotrim ◽  
João Henrique Kleinschmidt
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Simulation Analysis ◽  
Mesh Networks ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Wide Area ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Wide Area Network ◽  
Coverage Area

The growth of the Internet of Things (IoT) led to the deployment of many applications that use wireless networks, like smart cities and smart agriculture. Low Power Wide Area Networks (LPWANs) meet many requirements of IoT, such as energy efficiency, low cost, large coverage area, and large-scale deployment. Long Range Wide Area Network (LoRaWAN) networks are one of the most studied and implemented LPWAN technologies, due to the facility to build private networks with an open standard. Typical LoRaWAN networks are single-hop in a star topology, composed of end-devices that transmit data directly to gateways. Recently, several studies proposed multihop LoRaWAN networks, thus forming wireless mesh networks. This article provides a review of the state-of-the-art multihop proposals for LoRaWAN. In addition, we carried out a comparative analysis and classification, considering technical characteristics, intermediate devices function, and network topologies. This paper also discusses open issues and future directions to realize the full potential of multihop networking. We hope to encourage other researchers to work on improving the performance of LoRaWAN mesh networks, with more theoretical and simulation analysis, as well as practical deployments.

scholarly journals A Study on the Impact of Nodes Density on the Energy Consumption of LoRa

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (14) ◽  
pp. 157
Author(s):  
Aizat Faiz Ramli ◽  
Muhammad Ikram Shabry ◽  
Mohd Azlan Abu ◽  
Hafiz Basarudin
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Low Power ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Wide Area Network ◽  
Consumption Ratio ◽  
The Impact

LoRaWAN is one of the leading Low power wide area network (LPWAN) LPWAN technologies that compete for the formation of big scale Internet of Things (IoT). It uses LoRa protocol to achieve long range, low bit rate and low power communication. Large scale LoRaWAN based IoT deployments can consist of battery powered sensor nodes. Therefore, the energy consumption and efficiency of these nodes are crucial factors that can influence the lifetime of the network. However, there is no coherent experimental based research which identifies the factors that influence the LoRa energy efficiency at various nodes density. In this paper, results on measuring the packet delivery ratio, packet loss, data rate and energy consumption ratio ECR to gauge the energy efficiency of LoRa devices at various nodes density are presented. It is shown that the ECR of LoRa is inversely proportional to the nodes density and that the ECR of the network is smaller at higher traffic indicating better network energy efficiency. It is also demonstrated that at high node density, spreading factor SF of 7 and 9 can improve the energy efficiency of the network by 5 and 3 times, respectively, compare to SF 11.

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT OF LOCATION ESTIMATION ALGORITHM UTILIZING RSSI FOR LORA POSITIONING SYSTEM

2021 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-105
Author(s):  
S. Kavetha ◽  
A. S. Ja'afar ◽  
M. Z. A. Aziz ◽  
A. A. M. Isa ◽  
M. S. Johal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kalman Filter ◽  
Low Power ◽  
Indoor Environment ◽  
Multipath Fading ◽  
Location Estimation ◽  
Line Of Sight ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Positioning System ◽  
Localization Algorithm ◽  
Wide Area Network

LoRa is identified as Long-Range low power network technology for Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) usage. Nowadays, Global Positioning System (GPS) is an important system which is used for location and navigation predominantly used in outdoor but less accurate in indoor environment. Most of LoRa technology have been used on the internet-of-things (ioT) but very few use it as localization system. In this project, a GPS-less solution is proposed where LoRa Positioning System was developed which consists of LoRa transmitter, LoRa transceiver and LoRa receiver. The system has been developed by collecting the RSSI which is then used for the distance estimation. Next, Kalman filter with certain model has been implemented to overcome the effect of multipath fading especially for indoor environment and the trilateration technique is applied to estimate the location of the user. Both distribution estimation results for Line-Of-Sight (LOS) and Non-Line-Of-Sight (NLOS) condition were analyzed. Then, the comparison RMSE achievement is analyzed between the trilateration and with the Kalman Filter. GPS position also were collected as comparison to the LoRa based positioning. Lastly, the Cumulative Density Function (CDF) shows 90% of the localization algorithm error for LOS is lower than 0.82 meters while for NLOS is 1.17 meters.

scholarly journals Enhancement of large-scale flood risk assessments using building-material-based vulnerability curves for an object-based approach in urban and rural areas

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 1703-1722 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johanna Englhardt ◽  
Hans de Moel ◽  
Charles K. Huyck ◽  
Marleen C. de Ruiter ◽  
Jeroen C. J. H. Aerts ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Built Environment ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Flood Risk ◽  
Building Material ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Risk Assessments ◽  
Object Based ◽  
Coarse Information ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

Abstract. In this study, we developed an enhanced approach for large-scale flood damage and risk assessments that uses characteristics of buildings and the built environment as object-based information to represent exposure and vulnerability to flooding. Most current large-scale assessments use an aggregated land-use category to represent the exposure, treating all exposed elements the same. For large areas where previously only coarse information existed such as in Africa, more detailed exposure data are becoming available. For our approach, a direct relation between the construction type and building material of the exposed elements is used to develop vulnerability curves. We further present a method to differentiate flood risk in urban and rural areas based on characteristics of the built environment. We applied the model to Ethiopia and found that rural flood risk accounts for about 22 % of simulated damage; rural damage is generally neglected in the typical land-use-based damage models, particularly at this scale. Our approach is particularly interesting for studies in areas where there is a large variation in construction types in the building stock, such as developing countries.

China’s Low-Carbon Urbanization Progress and Pathway

2015 ◽  
Vol 03 (04) ◽  
pp. 1550028
Author(s):  
Benfan LIANG ◽  
Jiahua PAN ◽  
Ying ZHANG ◽  
Yanchun MENG ◽  
Shouxian ZHU
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
High Carbon ◽  
Ecological Civilization ◽  
Urbanization Rate ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

Low-carbon urbanization is the integration of urbanization and low carbonization. It is the low-carbon transformation of current urban areas, the new trend of developing model of urban and rural areas, which includes the low-carbon transition in production, living style, and ecological spaces, the low-carbon reform in economy, society, structure, and the developing model, as well as changing urban areas from high-carbon style to low-carbon style. The urbanization rate of China is almost the same with global average level, and is expected to reach 80% in 2050. Currently, urbanization replaces industrialization, becoming an important force influencing socio-economic development, climate and ecological environment changes, international relations, and political patterns. With a 2[Formula: see text]C rise in temperature, human beings have to face a series of risks brought by climate change. China’s large-scale urbanization is of great influence on others. In this context, it is necessary to take a scientific cognition of China’s urbanization process, clarifying urbanization developing pathway, turning carbon constraints into carbon bonus, avoiding high-carbon lock, and then to take opportunities in promoting economic structure under “new normal” conditions, accelerating the upgrade from urban civilization to ecological civilization, and to reach both 100-year goal and low-carbon developing goal, leading sustainable development globally.

scholarly journals Application of a bottom-up approach to reduce healthcare disparity between the urban and rural areas

2021 ◽  
pp. e568
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Malicka ◽  
Namrita George
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Lower Income ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Appropriate Care ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Culturally Appropriate Care ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Lower Income Countries

Disparity in access to healthcare between the rural and urban regions occurs world-wide, both in higher and lower income countries. In order to offset poor health outcomes, a number of approaches to structuring healthcare services can be used. Several factors have been identified to play a role; nevertheless, they contribute to the healthcare gap to various - depending on whether a higher or lower income country undergoes evaluation. Traditionally, healthcare systems worldwide adopt a top-down approach, which is initiated by large institutions providing resources required for large scale projects along with the centralisation of efforts. Therefore, although it does lead to change, the results can be short-lived. The authors discuss the bottom-up approach used in ASHWINI organisation in Gudalur, India which allowed for the development of accessible and sustainable healthcare system managed by the community. Other projects, based in part on the principles of a bottom-up approach, have been applied in other countries to reduce healthcare disparities. A bottom-up approach, designed to deliver geographically-accessible, locally managed, culturally appropriate care, can provide sustainable results, and since it is universal in nature, it can be applied in other setting with similar structures.

Simulation analysis of data processing activities in Compact Muon Solenoid physics

SIMULATION ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 88 (12) ◽  
pp. 1438-1455
Author(s):  
Ciprian Dobre
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Simulation Study ◽  
Compact Muon Solenoid ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Simulation Analysis ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Wide Area Network ◽  
Network Bandwidth ◽  
Wide Range

The scale, complexity and worldwide geographical spread of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) computing and data analysis problems are unprecedented in scientific research. The complexity of processing and accessing this data is increased substantially by the size and global span of the major experiments, combined with the limited wide-area network bandwidth available. This paper discusses the latest generation of the MONARC (MOdels of Networked Analysis at Regional Centers) simulation framework, as a design and modeling tool for large-scale distributed systems applied to high-energy physics experiments. We present a simulation study designed to evaluate the capabilities of the current real-world distributed infrastructures deployed to support existing LHC physics analysis processes and the means by which the experiments band together to meet the technical challenges posed by the storage, access and computing requirements of LHC data analysis. The Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) experiment, in particular, uses a general-purpose detector to investigate a wide range of physics. We present a simulation study designed to evaluate the capability of its underlying distributed processing infrastructure to support the physics analysis processes. The results, made possible by the MONARC model, demonstrate that the LHC infrastructures are well suited to support the data processes envisioned by the CMS computing model.

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