THE PREVALENCE OF ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHIC INDICATORS AMONG MEN AND WOMEN OF OLDER AGES IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

The aim of the study was to determine the levels of thyroid antibodies and their relationship with thyroid hormones and thyroglobulin in euthyroid men and women, residents of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation. A total of 208 apparently healthy people were enrolled in this study and classified into two groups depending on gender and level of autoantibodies in the blood. Serum hormones of the pituitary-thyroid system, thyroglobulin and antibodies concentration was measured by enzyme immunoassay. The prevalence of positive antibodies among various examined groups was determined and the characteristics of euthyroid subjects with abnormal thyroid antibodies levels were studied. Circulating positive thyroid antibodies were found in 20% of the surveyed residents of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation. The median serum antibodies against thyroid peroxidase (AntiTPO) or thyroglobulin (AntiTG) levels and the percentage of people in general population with positive antibodies (i.e. AntiTPO ≥ 50 IU / ml and / or AntiTG ≥ 100 IU / ml) were statistically significant higher in women than in men, p < 0.01. Such thyroid antibodies levels were associated with a higher thyroid gland functional activity in women, which was demonstrated by significantly higher thyroxin level and lower thyroglobulin value in the peripheral blood. Part of women positive for AntiTPO increased with age from 18 to 33% (in groups aged 18-44 and 45-59 years, p = 0.04). The findings of the study reveal correlation between thyroid function test and thyroid antibodies levels, elaborating the clinical importance of thyroid antibodies in clinical examination and follow-up of patients with autoimmune thyroid disorders.

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Gender characteristics of career attitudes of future police officers

Legal Science and Practice: Journal of Nizhny Novgorod Academy of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia ◽

10.36511/2078-5356-2021-1-189-193 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 189-193

Author(s):

Irina Savchyenko ◽

Vladimir Gorbachev

Keyword(s):

Russian Federation ◽

Police Officers ◽

Young Men ◽

Educational Process ◽

Educational Institutions ◽

Men And Women ◽

Career Attitudes ◽

Gender Characteristics ◽

The Russian Federation ◽

The University

The results of a survey aimed at identifying common and special features in the career attitudes of young men and women studying at the university of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation and preparing to become police officers are discussed. The authors come to a number of conclusions that are of value for the organization of the educational process in educational institutions that train future police officers.

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PREVALENCE OF RISK FACTORS OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES AMONG THE POPULATION OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

SCIENTIFIC MEDICAL BULLETIN OF UGRA ◽

10.25017/2306-1367-2021-27-1-24-32 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 27 (1) ◽

pp. 24-32

Author(s):

Daniil Vladimirovich Surinov ◽

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cardiovascular Diseases ◽

Young People ◽

Life Expectancy ◽

Disease Prevention ◽

Older People ◽

Russian Federation ◽

Men And Women ◽

Common Risk Factors ◽

The Russian Federation

Today, cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death in the world’s population. It is generally known that disease prevention is the best method for maintaining human health. This article discusses the most common risk factors for CVD among young people, older people, as well as men and women, the prevention of which helps to increase the life expectancy of the population

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Sex-Related Differences in the Interhemispheric Asymmetry of Cerebral Energy Metabolism in Young People Living in the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation

Journal of Medical and Biological Research ◽

10.37482/2687-1491-z065 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 275-284

Author(s):

Ol’ga Kottsova ◽

◽

Natal’ya Anikina ◽

Irina Kozhevnikova ◽

Anatoliy Gribanov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Energy Metabolism ◽

Russian Federation ◽

The Arctic ◽

Interhemispheric Asymmetry ◽

Arctic Zone ◽

Men And Women ◽

Cerebral Energy Metabolism ◽

Dc Potential ◽

The Russian Federation ◽

Potential Level

In the Arctic region, adaptive reactions of the body put pressure on its functional systems and are accompanied by changes in cerebral energy metabolism in the central nervous system. Despite the fact that patterns of interhemispheric asymmetry and interaction are part of the brain’s essential, fundamental mechanism, no data is currently available on the neurometabolic features of interhemispheric asymmetry in men and women living in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation. The aim of this paper was to identify the differences in cerebral energy metabolism in men and women born and living in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation with different types of interhemispheric asymmetry according to the distribution of DC-potential level. Materials and methods. The study involved 63 subjects (30 men and 33 women) aged 30–34 years born and living in Arkhangelsk. Cerebral energy metabolism was assessed using the 5-channel Neuro-KM hardware and software complex. Distribution of DC-potential level was analysed by mapping the monopolar values and calculating their gradients. To calculate interhemispheric asymmetry of cerebral energy metabolism, an interhemispheric gradient was used, i.e. the potential difference between the right and left temporal leads (Td-Ts). The obtained DC-potential level results were compared with average standard values. The results of the study indicate differences in the distribution of the processes of cerebral energy metabolism in men and women with different types of hemispheric dominance. The most balanced cerebral metabolism was identified in men with right hemisphere dominance and in women with left hemisphere dominance. The presence of sex-related differences in the hemispheric asymmetry of cerebral energy metabolism may reflect different strategies of adaptation to the climatic conditions of northern latitudes in men and women.

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AGE AND GENDER PECULIARITIES OF CONSUMPTION OF MACROONUTRIENTS BY THE POPULATION OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

RUDN Journal of Medicine ◽

10.22363/2313-0245-2019-23-2-197-202 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 23 (2) ◽

pp. 197-202

Author(s):

R. M. Radzhabkadiev ◽

V. C. Evstratova ◽

K. V. Vybornaya ◽

R. A. Khanferyan

Keyword(s):

Gender Differences ◽

Russian Federation ◽

Age Groups ◽

Age And Gender ◽

Men And Women ◽

Age And Gender Differences ◽

Consumption Rates ◽

Federal Districts ◽

The Russian Federation ◽

And Gender

The article contains the results of a survey of 11,850 persons of both sexes in eight Federal Districts of the Russian Federation. The survey was conducted on the following age groups of men and women: 12-17, 18-30, 31-45 and 46-60 years. In each group of subjects, the number of questionnaires was at least 150 persons of each sex. When comparing the consumption of macronutrients in different federal districts, it is established that there are insignificant age and gender differences in the level of their consumption. Studies have shown that the intake of proteins and carbohydrates is within the recommended consumption rates, and the fat component has been increased in the population of all federal districts of Russia.

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Hyperuricemia versus lifestyle in men and women of the Russian Federation population

Russian Open Medical Journal ◽

10.15275/rusomj.2020.0214 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Sergej A. Maksimov ◽

Svetlana A. Shalnova ◽

Yuliya A. Balanova ◽

Aleksandr D. Deyev ◽

Svetlana E. Evstifeyeva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Russian Federation ◽

Dietary Patterns ◽

Dietary Pattern ◽

Predictive Accuracy ◽

Smoking Status ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Men And Women ◽

Lifestyle Choices ◽

The Russian Federation

Objective ― Analyzing gender-related specificities of hyperuricemia associations with lifestyle choices in the Russian Federation (RF) population. Material and Methods ― Cross-sectional survey was performed within the guidelines of the Russian national multicenter study ESSE-RF. The final sample size was 20781 people 25-64 years old. The effect of age, body mass index (BMI), diet, smoking status, and alcohol consumption on the incidence of hyperuricemia was evaluated. The analysis was carried out separately for men and women, using logistic regression. To build a model for predicting hyperuricemia, classification trees were used. Results ― Multidirectional associations of hyperuricemia were revealed both in women (with BMI, age, ‘Smart’ dietary pattern, alcohol consumption) and in men (with BMI, ‘smart’ dietary pattern, alcohol consumption, smoking status). The predictive accuracy of hyperuricemia incidence models was 60.4% in women vs. 65.7% in men. In both gender groups, BMI had the highest contribution to predicting the hyperuricemia incidence, while the next predictors, in terms of significance, differed among men and women. In women, the greatest impact, in decreasing order, was exerted by age, dietary patterns and drinking, whereas in men, by smoking status, dietary patterns and drinking. Conclusion ― In the RF population, there are multiple gender-specific associations of hyperuricemia with lifestyle choices, particularly nutrition, smoking and alcohol consumption.

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The structure of consumption of tobacco and nicotine-containing products among the population of the Russian Federation

Russian Pulmonology ◽

10.18093/0869-0189-2020-30-4-453-462 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 30 (4) ◽

pp. 453-462

Author(s):

O. O. Salagay ◽

G. M. Sakharova ◽

N. S. Antonov

Keyword(s):

Russian Federation ◽

Electronic Cigarettes ◽

Age Groups ◽

Opinion Poll ◽

Age Group ◽

Tobacco Products ◽

Men And Women ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Russian Federation ◽

Structure Of Consumption

In the Russian Federation, after the adoption of Federal Law “On the Protection of Citizens' Health from the Effects of Tobacco Smoke and the Consequences of Tobacco Use”, the prevalence of smoking tobacco has significantly decreased. Reducing the consumption of smoking tobacco products led to the emergence of a new aggressive policy of tobacco companies, which resulted in the emergence of new “innovative” products and the concepts of “less harmful tobacco product” or “less harmful nicotine-containing product”. The undoubtedly aggressive advertising campaigns of tobacco companies and manufacturers of electronic cigarettes have affected the smoking behavior of tobacco consumers, which has begun to change in recent years.The purpose of this study was to study new trends in the structure of consumption of tobacco and nicotine-containing products in various age groups of the Russian Federation, as well as among men and women.Methods. Analysis of the structure of consumption of tobacco and nicotine-containing products was carried out as part of an online public opinion poll to study the level of awareness of measures to reduce the prevalence of tobacco products in the Russian Federation, initiated in 2019 by the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. A total of 1 282 respondents from 73 regions of the Russian Federation took part in the survey. Among the respondents there were 447 (34.9%) men and 835 women (65.1%) aged 18 years and younger to 70 years. To conduct a comparative analysis of the structure of use of tobacco and nicotine-containing products, the frequencies of their use in different age groups, among men and women, were calculated. A statistically significant difference between the groups was confirmed by analyzing the dependence in the contingency table using the χ2 criterion.Results. A total of 432 respondents reported the use of tobacco and nicotine-containing products, which amounted to 33.7% of all respondents. The most used products were smoking tobacco (57.64%), electronic cigarettes (34.03%) and waterpipe (33.80%). However, in different age groups, the structure of their use was significantly different (p < 0.05). The highest level of electronic cigarette use, including vapors containing nicotine and electronic nicotine delivery product, were found in the age group of 18 years and younger (58.82%). In the older age groups, a significant decrease in the level of consumption was observed. Chewing tobacco and snuff were consumed by consumers significantly less than other tobacco products. Smokeless tobacco was mainly consumed by consumers aged 18 years and younger, its level was 20.58%. The highest level of waterpipe consumption was found among consumers in the age group of 19 – 29 years (53.85%), it was slightly less in the group of 18 years and younger (44.11%). The higher level of waterpipe consumption was detected (40.35%) among women than it was among men (26.47%). Many consumers indicated that they consumed several types of tobacco and nicotine-containing products. The most popular combination of products was found among consumers under the age of 30, and 20.59% of consumers aged 18 and younger consumed at the same time almost all the types of tobacco and nicotine-containing products that were presented on the market.Conclusion. The study revealed new trends in preferences for consumption of tobacco and nicotine-containing products. The new trends have significantly changed the structure of the consumption of these products among the population of Russian Federation.

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HEART RATE LEVELS IN THE POPULATIONS OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION AND THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA DURING THE THIRTY-YEAR PERSPECTIVE

Rational Pharmacotherapy in Cardiology ◽

10.20996/1819-6446-2018-14-3-312-318 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 14 (3) ◽

pp. 312-318 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

S. A. Shalnova ◽

V. G. Vilkov ◽

A. V. Kapustina ◽

A. D. Deev

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Heart Rate ◽

Russian Federation ◽

United States Of America ◽

Age Groups ◽

The United States ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Men And Women ◽

The Usa ◽

The Russian Federation

Heart rate (HR) acceleration is one of the risk factors of the number of prevalent chronic non-communicable diseases.Aim. To evaluate changes in mean levels of HR in the Russian Federation (RF) and the United States of America (USA) in different age and sex groups from 1975 to 2014.Material and methods. HR levels in men and women of different age groups were evaluated in the populations of the RF and the USA in 1975-1982 and in 2007-2014 by the secondary analysis of cross-sectional trials data. A total number of cases was 48974.Results. In 80th years of XX century Russian men and women of all age groups had lower HR as compared to the USA, the distinctions were statistically significant in all age groups except for men aged 25-34 years (p<0.0001). During the next 3 decades HR significantly decreased in all groups of the USA population, while the RF population demonstrated variety of HR levels trends in different groups, absolute distinctions in mean values were relatively small and did not exceed 2 beats per minute. At the present time HR levels are less in the RF as compared to the USA in women aged 25-55 years and in men aged 25-34 years; in 55-64-year old men HR is somewhat higher in the RF than in the USA, other groups revealed statistically insignificant distinctions.Conclusion. The USA evidently loosed out to the RF in mean levels of HR in all age groups 35 years earlier. During the next 3 decades situation has been worsened as applied to the RF and distinctions with the USA have been largely smoothed over.

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Rationale for a program to reduce the risk of death from common diseases in the workplace

10.33920/pro-4-2102-03 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 17-24

Author(s):

L.K. Karimova ◽

N.A. Muldasheva ◽

Z.F. Gimaeva ◽

E.R. Shaikhlislamova ◽

E.R. Abrakhmanova

Keyword(s):

Sudden Death ◽

Russian Federation ◽

Economic Activity ◽

Circulatory System ◽

Men And Women ◽

Risk Of Death ◽

Common Diseases ◽

The Russian Federation ◽

Age Range

The trend observed in the Russian Federation in recent years, according to the Federal Service for Labor and Employment, towards an increase in cases of sudden death in the workplace from general diseases, makes it necessary to study the frequency of cases of sudden death in the workplace from general diseases at enterprises of various types of economic activity. In this regard, we have analyzed the materials of the investigation of accidents of sudden death from common diseases, recognized during the investigation as not related to production. It is established that in 2014–2018 the number of deaths was 268 people. The highest rate of sudden death in both men and women, it is observed in the age range of 56–60 years. It was revealed that the main causes of sudden death of employees were diseases of the circulatory system, which accounted for 91.4% of cases. The above justifies the need to develop a set of measures to reduce the risk of death from common diseases in the workplace.

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Guarantees of men's rights in family law

Вестник Владикавказского научного центра ◽

10.46698/y2223-8849-5712-q ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

З.В. Галазова

Keyword(s):

Gender Equality ◽

Russian Federation ◽

Family Law ◽

Legal Regulation ◽

Men And Women ◽

The Russian Federation

В настоящей статье рассматриваются вопросы гендерного равенства в семейных правоотношениях и отдельные вопросы правового регулирования института отцовства в Российской Федерации. В статье проведен анализ конституционных норм, норм семейного законодательства, а также международных актов, демонстрирующих проблемы в механизмах, обеспечивающих равную реализацию прав мужчине и женщине в вопросах семьи. This article examines the issues of gender equality in family legal relations and certain issues of legal regulation of the institution of fatherhood in the Russian Federation. The article analyzes constitutional norms, norms of family legislation, as well as international acts that demonstrate problems in mechanisms that ensure equal realization of rights for men and women in family matters.

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