scholarly journals Effects of Maternal Cannabis Use on the Newborn at Delivery and the Perinatal Period

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Edet ◽  
Philip Y. Cheng ◽  
Mouchumi Bhattacharyya ◽  
Teri M. Kozik
Keyword(s):  
Medical Knowledge ◽  
Central Valley ◽  
Perinatal Period ◽  
In Utero ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Perinatal Complications ◽  
Urine Toxicology ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
In Pregnancy

Abstract Background To evaluate if Activity Pulse Grimace Appearance Respiration (APGAR) scores and birthweight at delivery are different amongst newborns exposed to cannabis in utero compared to those who were not exposed to cannabis in utero. Also the rate of perinatal complications to the newborn was also examined. Methods This is a retrospective cohort study utilizing patient’s electronic health records that gave birth at a community hospital in the central valley of California in 2019. Exposure was defined as cannabis detected on universal urine toxicology testing completed on admission to hospital prior to birth/delivery. This was compared with urine toxicology testing that was negative for cannabis exposure. Results No significant difference between mothers who use cannabis and mothers who do not use cannabis during pregnancy in terms of the newborn’s one minute or five minute APGAR score. A significant difference between mothers who use cannabis compared to mothers who did not was found, in terms of the newborn’s birthweight. The rate of perinatal complications to the newborn was negligible at delivery and in the immediate perinatal period in our particular study. Conclusion To guide interventions in women of child bearing age in regards to illicit drug use in pregnancy particularly cannabis utilization. The medical knowledge of cannabis use in pregnancy is growing steadily and through continued further research; the body of knowledge can continue to grow in regards to outcomes in the newborn and the growing child.

scholarly journals DOSE-DEPENDENT ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECTS OF DRUG CORRECTION OF VITAMIN D DEFICIENCY IN PREGNANT WOMEN

2020 ◽  
pp. 63-68
Author(s):  
O. V. Grishchenko ◽  
T.I. Goman
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Perinatal Period ◽  
The Body ◽  
Perinatal Complications ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Uncomplicated Pregnancy ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
Before And After

Pregnancy is a period accompanied by significant functional changes in a woman’s body, which are necessary both to satisfy her own needs and to ensure intensive growth and development of the fetus. Adequate consumption of macro- and micronutrients is currently extremely important, since malnutrition or excessive nutrition increases the risk of obstetric and perinatal complications. The article discusses the problem and causes of vitamin D deficiency and deficiency in pregnant women living in a big city. The mechanisms of its action and the classical and “non-classical” effects of the regulation of the most important body functions are shown. As a marker of the level of vitamin D in blood plasma, the content of 25-hydroxycalciferol (25 (OH) D) is used. This indicator reflects both the formation of vitamin D in the skin under the influence of ultraviolet radiation, and its entry into the body with food of animal and vegetable origin. As a result of the study, it was found that the vast majority of modern pregnant women living in the city, even with an uncomplicated pregnancy, have a deficiency of vitamin D. The frequency of the diagnosed deficiency in pre-pregnant and re-pregnant women is shown. It should be noted that the frequency of diagnosing vitamin D deficiency was higher in pregnant women with a history of breastfeeding. This suggests that re-pregnant women who have been breastfeeding for a long time are at high risk of deficiency and vitamin D deficiency compared with pregnant women, will give birth for the first time. Showing the results of level 25 (OH) D before and after correction, while taking various doses of cholecalciferol. The obtained vitamin D levels indicate that the nutritional behavior of the examined pregnant women and the qualitative characteristics of the products do not fully support a sufficient level of cholecalciferol. For the field of reproductive medicine today the problem of prevention and reduction of complications of the perinatal period remains relevant. Given the importance of vitamin D for the normal course of pregnancy and the development of the fetus, one of the promising directions in the prevention of complications of the gestational period is the development and implementation of methods for eliminating and preventing vitamin D deficiency in the health care system, both at the stage of pregravid preparation and during pregnancy.

scholarly journals Features of childbirth and the condition of newborns in women with menstrual dysfunction in the puberty

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 16-20
Author(s):  
O. A. Kovalishin
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Reproductive Potential ◽  
Perinatal Period ◽  
Main Group ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Perinatal Complications ◽  
Menstrual Dysfunction ◽  
Satisfactory Condition ◽  
Comparative Aspect

The issue of preserving the reproductive health of women for many years does not lose its relevance. Fundamental studies of recent decades have made it possible to determine the basic mechanisms of functioning of the female reproductive system, but studies of the characteristics of pregnancy, complications in childbirth and the condition of newborn children in women with menstrual dysfunction in the puberty remain single.The objective: аccording to laboratory and instrumental methods of research, to study the characteristics of childbirth and the condition of newborns in women with menstrual dysfunction in the puberty.Materials and methods. According to the nature of the disorders, the main group of pregnant women (n=120) who had a menstrual pathology in the puberty were divided into 3 subgroups (n=40): the first – pregnant women with primary oligomenorrhea in the anamnesis, the second – with a late age menarche, the third – with puberty bleeding. The control group included pregnant women (n=40) with the correct rhythm of menstruation in puberty.Results. During the clinical study, significant differences in the biological readiness of the body for childbirth in all subgroups of the main group of pregnant women were noted compared with the control group. In 35 (29,2%) pregnant women with menstrual dysfunction during the puberty, an «unripe» or insufficiently «mature» cervix was observed in the expected period of labor, which was important in the violation of labor activity during spontaneous labor in the occipital presentation and an increase in the frequency of delivery using cesarean section (CS) operation. Caesarean section was performed in 51 (42,5%) pregnant women of the main group: planned CS in 39 (32,5%), urgent delivery in 12 (10,0%). In the group of pregnant women with the correct rhythm of menstruation, spontaneous delivery occurred in 37 (92,5%) women, planned CS due to the narrowed pelvis and large fetus in 2 (5,0%), emergency CS – 1 (2,5%) case. The frequency of complications during childbirth (violation of labor, premature rupture of the membranes, bleeding) in the main group is 4 times higher than in the control group (p<0,001), in a comparative aspect, the differences between the subgroups are not significant. 95,2% of newborns from mothers with menstrual dysfunction in the puberty were born in a satisfactory condition. The Apgar score is significantly higher in newborns from mothers receiving pregravid preparation. The frequency of individual conditions that occur in the perinatal period is the highest in newborns from mothers with a history of primary oligomenorrhea.Conclusion. The results of the studies confirm the presence of the biological unpreparedness of the body for the normal course of labor in women with menstrual dysfunction in the puberty, as evidenced by violations of labor, the main predictor of which is placental dysfunction. The frequency of individual conditions that occur in the perinatal period is significantly higher than in newborns from mothers who had the correct rhythm of menstruation. It is possible to reduce the frequency of obstetric and perinatal complications in women with reduced reproductive potential by optimizing the pregravid preparation program and introducing a scientifically based complex of treatment and preventive measures.

scholarly journals Pregnant people’s perspectives on cannabis use during pregnancy: A systematic review and integrative mixed-methods research synthesis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meredith Vanstone ◽  
Janelle Panday ◽  
Anuoluwa Popoola ◽  
Shipra Taneja ◽  
Devon Greyson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Mixed Methods Research ◽  
Risk Mitigation ◽  
Social Science Citation Index ◽  
Perinatal Period ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Integrative Approach ◽  
Other Substances ◽  
Pregnancy And Lactation ◽  
In Pregnancy

Background: Cannabis use during the perinatal period is rising. Objectives: To synthesize existing knowledge on the perspectives of pregnant people and their partners about cannabis use in pregnancy and lactation. Search strategy: We searched MEDLINE, APA PsycINFO, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Social Science Citation Index, Social Work Abstracts, ProQuest Sociology Collection up until April 1, 2020. Selection criteria: Eligible studies were those of any methodology which included the perspectives and experiences of pregnant or lactating people and their partners on cannabis use during pregnancy or lactation, with no time or geographical limit. Data collection and analysis: We employed a convergent integrative approach to the analysis of findings from all studies, using Sandelowski’s technique of “qualitizing statements” to extract and summarize relevant findings from inductive analysis. Main results: We identified 23 studies of pregnant people’s views about cannabis use in pregnancy. Comparative analysis revealed that whether cannabis was studied alone or grouped with other substances resulted in significant diversity in descriptions of participant decision-making priorities and perceptions of risks and benefits. Studies combining cannabis with other substance seldom addressed perceived benefits or reasons for using cannabis. Conclusions: The way cannabis is grouped with other substances influences the design and results of research. A comparative analysis emphasizes the importance of understanding why a pregnant person might choose to use cannabis in order to foster dialogue about perceptions of benefit and strategies for risk mitigation.

Schistosomal Appendicitis in Pregnancy

Swiss Surgery ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 121-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Halkic ◽  
Abdelmoumene ◽  
Gintzburger ◽  
Mosimann
Keyword(s):  
Acute Appendicitis ◽  
Schistosoma Haematobium ◽  
Acute Inflammation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Common Complication ◽  
Surgical Infection ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Potential Challenge ◽  
In Pregnancy

Acute appendicitis is the most common acute surgical infection during pregnancy. Although usually pyogenic in origin, parasitic infections account for a small percentage of cases. Despite the relatively high prevalence of acute appendicitis in our environment, it is not commonly associated with schistosomiasis. We report here the association of pregnancy and appendicitis caused by Schistosoma haematobium. Schistosomiasis is very common complication of pregnancy in hyperendemic areas. Schistosome egg masses can lodge throughout the body and cause acute inflammation of the appendix, liver and spleen. Congestion of pelvic vessels during pregnancy facilitates passage of eggs into the villi and intervillous spaces, causing an inflammatory reaction. Tourism and immigration make this disease a potential challenge for practitioners everywhere.

The influence of osteopathic correction on the rate of various rhythms of the body

2019 ◽  
pp. 64-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. Chernikova ◽  
Yu. P. Potekhina
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Respiratory Rate ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Biomechanical Properties ◽  
Dispersion Analysis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Tissues ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After

Introduction. An osteopathic examination determines the rate, the amplitude and the strength of the main rhythms (cardiac, respiratory and cranial). However, there are relatively few studies in the available literature dedicated to the influence of osteopathic correction (OC) on the characteristics of these rhythms.Goal of research — to study the influence of OC on the rate characteristics of various rhythms of the human body.Materials and methods. 88 adult osteopathic patients aged from 18 to 81 years were examined, among them 30 men and 58 women. All patients received general osteopathic examination. The rate of the cranial rhythm (RCR), respiratory rate (RR) heart rate (HR), the mobility of the nervous processes (MNP) and the connective tissue mobility (CTM) were assessed before and after the OC session.Results. Since age varied greatly in the examined group, a correlation analysis of age-related changes of the assessed rhythms was carried out. Only the CTM correlated with age (r=–0,28; p<0,05) in a statistically significant way. The rank dispersion analysis of Kruskal–Wallis also showed statistically significant difference in this indicator in different age groups (p=0,043). With the increase of years, the CTM decreases gradually. After the OC, the CTM, increased in a statistically significant way (p<0,0001). The RCR varied from 5 to 12 cycles/min in the examined group, which corresponded to the norm. After the OC, the RCR has increased in a statistically significant way (p<0,0001), the MNP has also increased (p<0,0001). The initial heart rate in the subjects varied from 56 to 94 beats/min, and in 15 % it exceeded the norm. After the OC the heart rate corresponded to the norm in all patients. The heart rate and the respiratory rate significantly decreased after the OC (р<0,0001).Conclusion. The described biorhythm changes after the OC session may be indicative of the improvement of the nervous regulation, of the normalization of the autonomic balance, of the improvement of the biomechanical properties of body tissues and of the increase of their mobility. The assessed parameters can be measured quickly without any additional equipment and can be used in order to study the results of the OC.

Effectiveness Of Toilet Training Education On Mother's Behavior And Toddler Age Toilet Training Ability (18-36 Months)

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-55
Author(s):  
Hafiko Andresni ◽  
Zahtamal Zahtamal ◽  
Winda Septiani ◽  
Mitra Mitra ◽  
Lita Lita
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Technique ◽  
T Test ◽  
The Body ◽  
Toilet Training ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Maternal Knowledge ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Significant Difference

ABSTRACT Toilet training is an effort to train children to be able to control and urinate (BAK) and defecate (BAB). Toilet training is one of the main tasks of children at toddler age. Toilet training is one of the main tasks of children in toddler age which is very important to be done to create independence in children in controlling BAK and BAB and children know the parts of the body and their functions. Data in 2012 shows that ± 60% of parents do not teach toilet training to children from an early age. The aim of the study was to find out the effectiveness of toilet training education on maternal behavior and toilet skills in toddler age training (18-36 months). The study was conducted in July-August 2018. This type of quantitative research used the design of the Quasy pretest and posttest experiment with non-equivalent control group design. Samples were 36 mothers and 36 children with purposive sampling technique. Data analysis used Paired t test, Wilcoxon test, Man-Whitney test an Independent t test. The results showed that toilet training education through lecture methods, modules and maze games was more effective than toilet training education through lecture and leaflet methods on children's knowledge and abilities. Conversely, for the role of mothers in supervision there is no significant difference in effectiveness. Health education is recommended in health promotion programs to increase maternal knowledge, the role of mothers and the ability of toilet training children independently. Keywords: Toilet training, Lecture method, Module, Maze game, Leaflet, Knowledge, Role of mother, Children's ability.

In-vivo anti-oxidant screening of Tectona grandis extract

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Tamilarasi G P ◽  
Sabarees G
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Tectona Grandis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Altered Expression ◽  
Physiological Conditions ◽  
Synthetic Drugs ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Radical Generation

Oxidation is an essential reaction in the human body, which determines the expression of proteins in the body. This results in the altered expression like rapid growth resulting in cancers and other disorders. Many synthetic drugs are available in the market that is effective in limiting the free radical generation and the reaction of radicals with cells. Unfortunately, all those synthetic drugs were found to cause side effects and adverse effects in the body. But given the accuracy of the predictability of the results and administration, this research focuses on testing the anti-oxidant efficiency in rat models testing the biochemical parameters. Investigations have also been done on the anti-oxidant activity of Tectona, but every research was concentrated to prove the anti-oxidant activity only. extract had been tested for anti-oxidant activity by estimating various tissue parameters and it showed better activity. As predicted, there is a significant difference in the and results which can be explained are due to the physiological conditions that exist inside the body.

Perbedaan Penggunaan Antikoagulan K2EDTA DAN K3EDTA Terhadap Hasil Pemeriksaan Indeks Eritrosit

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 114
Author(s):  
Wahdaniah Wahdaniah ◽  
Sri Tumpuk
Keyword(s):  
Screening Test ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
The Body ◽  
Ethylene Diamine ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ethylene Diamine Tetra Acetate ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Index Value

Abstract: Routine blood examination is the earliest blood test or screening test to determine the diagnosis of an abnormality. Blood easily froze if it is outside the body and can be prevented by the addition of anticoagulants, one of which Ethylene Diamine Tetra Acetate (EDTA). Currently available vacuum tubes containing EDTA anticoagulants in the form of K2EDTA and K3EDTA. K3EDTA is usually a salt that has better stability than other EDTA salts because it shows a pH approaching a blood pH of about 6.4. The purpose of this research is to know the difference of erythrocyte index results include MCH, MCV and MCHC using K3EDTA anticoagulant with K2EDTA. This research is a cross sectional design. This study used venous blood samples mixed with K2EDTA anticoagulant and venous blood mixed with K3EDTA anticoagulants, each of 30 samples. Data were collected and analyzed using paired different test. Based on data analysis that has been done on MCH examination, p value <0,05 then there is a significant difference between samples with K3EDTA anticoagulant with K2EDTA to erythrocyte index value. Then on the examination of MCV and MCHC obtained p value <0.05 then there is no significant difference between samples with K3EDTA anticoagulant with K2EDTA to erythrocyte index value.Abstrak: Pemeriksaan darah rutin merupakan pemeriksaan darah yang paling awal atau screening test untuk mengetahui diagnosis suatu kelainan. Darah mudah membeku jika berada diluar tubuh dan bisa dicegah dengan penambahan antikoagulan, salah satunya Ethylene Diamine Tetra Acetate (EDTA). Dewasa ini telah tersedia tabung vakum yang sudah berisi antikoagulan EDTA dalam bentuk  K2EDTA dan  K3EDTA. K3EDTA  biasanya berupa garam yang mempunyai stabilitas yang lebih baik dari garam EDTA yang lain karena menunjukkan pH yang mendekati pH darah yaitu sekitar 6,4. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbedaan hasil indeks eritrosit meliputi MCH, MCV dan MCHC menggunakan antikoagulan K3EDTA dengan K2EDTA. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian dengan desain cross sectional. Penelitian ini menggunakan sampel darah vena yang dicampur dengan antikoagulan K2EDTA dan darah vena yang dicampur dengan antikoagulan K3EDTA, masing-masing sebanyak 30 sampel. Data dikumpulkan dan dianalisis menggunakan uji beda berpasangan. Berdasarkan analisis data yang telah dilakukan pada pemeriksaan MCH didapatkan nilai p < 0,05 maka ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara sampel dengan antikoagulan K3EDTA dengan K2EDTA terhadap nilai indeks eritrosit. Kemudian pada pemeriksaan MCV dan MCHC didapatkan nilai p < 0,05 maka tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara sampel dengan antikoagulan K3EDTA dengan K2EDTA terhadap nilai indeks eritrosit.

Cannabis Associated “High” Cardiovascular Morbidity and Mortality: Marijuana Smoke Like Tobacco Smoke? A Déjà Vu/Déjà Vécu Story?

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (11) ◽  
pp. 870-879 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theodora A. Manolis ◽  
Antonis A. Manolis ◽  
Antonis S. Manolis
Keyword(s):  
Health Effects ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Tobacco Smoking ◽  
English Literature ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Cardiovascular Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Cannabis Smoking ◽  
Deja Vu ◽  
Déjà Vu

Background: Cannabis use has increased over the past several years as some countries have legalized its use for the treatment of certain medical conditions and/or for recreational use. Thus, concerns have risen about potential adverse health effects. Increasing number of reports have associated cannabis use with serious cardiovascular (CV) complications. Furthermore, there appears to be a likeness in the harmful health effects, especially on the CV and respiratory systems, of cannabis smoking to those of tobacco smoking. Objective: To review the CV effects of cannabis use and compare them with those of tobacco use. Methods: Articles were reviewed that were published in English literature reporting on cannabis and cannabinoid pharmacology and their effects on the CV system and their consequences. Emphasis was also placed on articles reporting on cannabis use in adolescents, exposure to secondhand smoke, its effect on exercise and finally its inter-relationship and similarities with tobacco use. Results: With growing cannabis use, an increasing number of reports have emerged associating marijuana use with serious and life-threatening CV complications, including acute coronary syndromes, potentially lethal cardiac arrhythmias and ischemic strokes. There are certain similarities of the deleterious CV and respiratory effects of cannabis smoking with those of tobacco smoking. Despite the difference in the active ingredients (tetrahydrocannabinol vs. nicotine), each substance produces a plethora of chemicals when smoked and these are largely identical; furthermore, due to different modes of smoking, cannabis chemicals are retained in the body for a longer time. Of course, concomitant tobacco and cannabis smoking is a perplexing factor in isolating damages specifically pertaining to cannabis use, while the health risk is additive. Although the mechanisms producing CV harm may be somewhat different between these two substances, the outcome appears similar, or even worse, as the effects may emerge at a younger age. Conclusion: There is an increasing concern that, apart from the mental health problem with cannabis smoking, societies may be facing another wave of a déjà vu/déjà vécu phenomenon similar to the tobacco smoking story.

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